Iec 60086 1 2015

The major tec nical c an es with resp ct to the previou edition are: – the order of the An exes was c an ed to the order in whic they a p ar in the doc ment an a ca tion was ad ed to in

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INT ERNAT IONAL

ELECT ROT ECHNICAL

FOREWORD 5

INTRODUCTION 7

1 Sco e 8

2 Normative ref eren es 8

3 Terms an def i ition 8

4 Req irements 1

4.1 General 1

4.1.1 Desig 1

4.1.2 Bat ery dimen ion 1

4.1.3 Terminals 1

4.1.4 Clas ification (electroc emical s stem) 1

3 4.1.5 Desig ation 14 4.1.6 Markin 14 4.1.7 Interc ange bi ty: b t ery voltage 15 4.2 Per orman e 16 4.2.1 Dis harge p rf orman e 16 4.2.2 Dimen ional sta i ty 16 4.2.3 L akage 16 4.2.4 Op n-circ it voltage l mits 16 4.2.5 Service output 16 4.2.6 Saf ety 16 5 Perorman e – Testin 17 5.1 General 17 5.2 Dis harge testin 17 5.2.1 General 17 5.2.2 Ap l cation tests 17 5.2.3 Service output tests 1

8 5.3 Conforman e c ec to a sp cified minimum average d ration 18 5.4 Calc lation method of the sp cified value of a minimum average d ration 19 5.5 OCV testin 19 5.6 Bat ery dimen ion 19 5.7 L akage an deformation 19 6 Perorman e – Test con ition 19 6.1 Storage an dis harge con ition 19 6.2 Commen ement of dis harge tests af ter storage 2

6.3 Dis harge test con ition 2

6.3.1 General 2

6.3.2 Compl an e 2

6.4 L ad resistan e 2

6.5 Time p riod 2

6.6 Test con ition toleran es 21

6.7 Activation of ‘P’-s stem b teries 21

6.8 Me s rin eq ipment 21

6.8.1 Voltage me s rement 21

6.8.2 Mec anical me s rement 21

7 Samplng an q alty as uran e 21

8 Batery p c agin 21

An ex A (normative) Criteria for the stan ardization of b teries 2

An ex B (informative) Recommen ation for eq ipment desig 2

B.1 Tec nical l aison 2

B.2 Bat ery comp rtment 2

B.2.1 General 2

B.2.2 Limitin ac es by c i dren 2

B.3 Voltage c t-of f 2

An ex C (normative) Desig ation s stem (nomen lature) 2

C.1 General 2

C.2 Desig ation s stem in u e up to Octo er 19 0 2

C.2.1 General 2

C.2.2 Cel s 2

C.2.3 Electroc emical s stem 2

C.2.4 Bat eries 2

C.2.5 Modifiers 2

C.2.6 Examples 2

C.3 Desig ation s stem in u e sin e Octo er 19 0 2

C.3.1 General 2

C.3.2 Rou d b teries 2

C.3.3 Non- ou d b t eries 3

C.3.4 Ambig ity 3

An ex D (inf ormative) Stan ard dis harge voltage U s – Def i ition an method of determination 3

D.1 Definition 3

D.2 Determination 3

D.2.1 General con ideration : the C/R-plot 3

D.2.2 Determination of the stan ard dis harge resistor R s 3

D.2.3 Determination of the stan ard dis harge ca acity C s an stan ard dis harge time t s 3

D.3 Exp rimental con ition to b o served and test res lts 3

An ex E (informative) Pre aration of stan ard method of me s rin p rorman e (SMMP) of con umer go d 41

E.1 General 41

E.2 Per orman e c aracteristic 41

E.3 Criteria f or the develo ment of test method 41

An ex F (informative) Calc lation method for the sp cified value of minimum average d ration 4

An ex G (normative) Code of practice for p c agin , s ipment, storage, u e an disp sal of primary b teries 4

G.1 General 4

G.2 Pac agin 4

G.3 Tran p rt an han l n 4

G.4 Storage an stoc rotation 4

G.5 Display at sales p ints 4

G.6 Selection, u e an disp sal 4

G.6.1 Purc ase 4

G.6.2 In tal ation 4

G.6.3 Use 4

G.6.4 Re lacement 4

G.6.5 Disp sal 4

Biblogra h 4

Fig re 1 – In estion gau e 1

Fig re C.1 – Desig ation s stem f or rou d b t eries: d 1 < 10 mm; heig t h 1 < 10 mm 2

Fig re C.2 – Diameter code for non- ecommen ed diameters 3

Fig re C.3 – Heig t code f or denotin the h n redth of a mi imetre of heig t 31

Fig re C.4 – Desig ation s stem for rou d b t eries: d 1 ≥ 10 mm; heig t h 1 ≥ 10 mm 3

Fig re C.5 – Desig ation s stem f or non- ou d b teries, dimen ion < 10 mm 3

Fig re C.6 – Desig ation s stem f or non- ou d b teries, dimen ion ≥ 10 mm 3

Fig re C.7 – Heig t code f or dis rimination p r tenth of a mi imetre 3

Fig re D.1 – Normalzed C/R-plot (s hematic) 3

Fig re D.2 – Stan ard dis harge voltage (s hematic) 3

Ta le 1 – Stan ardized electroc emical s stems 13 Ta le 2 – Markin req irements 15 Ta le 3 – Con ition for storage b fore an d rin dis harge testin 19 Ta le 4 – Resistive lo d for new tests 2

Ta le 5 – Time p riod for new tests 2

Ta le 6 – Test con ition toleran es 21

Ta le A.1 – Items neces ary to stan ardize 2

Ta le C.1 – Ph sical desig ation an dimen ion of ou d cel s an b t eries 2

Ta le C.2 – Ph sical desig ation an nominal overal dimen ion of f lat cel s 2

Ta le C.3 – Ph sical desig ation an dimen ion of s uare cel s an b teries 2

Ta le C.4 – Diameter code for recommen ed diameter 3

Ta le C.5 – Ph sical desig ation an dimen ion of rou d cel s an b t eries b sed on Clau e C.2 3

Ta le C.6 – Ph sical desig ation an dimen ion of non- ou d b teries b sed on Clau e C.2 3

Ta le D.1 – Stan ard dis harge voltage by s stem 4

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

_

PRIMA RY BA TTERIES –

Part 1: General

1 Th Intern tio al Ele trote h ic l Commis io (IEC) is a worldwid org niz tio for sta d rdiz tio c mprisin

al n tio al ele trote h ic l c mmite s (IEC Natio al Commite s) Th o je t of IEC is to promote

intern tio al c -o eratio o al q e tio s c n ernin sta d rdiz tio in th ele tric l a d ele tro ic f i ld To

this e d a d in a ditio to oth r a tivitie , IEC p bls e Intern tio al Sta d rd , Te h ic l Sp cific tio s,

Te h ic l Re orts, Pu lcly Av ia le Sp cif i atio s (P S) a d Guid s (h re fter ref er e to a “IEC

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in th s bje t d alt with ma p rticip te in this pre aratory work Intern tio al g v rnme tal a d n n

-g v rnme tal org niz tio s laisin with th IEC als p rticip te in this pre aratio IEC c la orate clo ely

with th Intern tio al Org niz tio f or Sta d rdiz tio (ISO) in a c rd n e with c n itio s d termin d b

a re me t b twe n th two org niz tio s

2) Th f ormal d cisio s or a re me ts of IEC o te h ic l maters e pre s, a n arly a p s ible, a intern tio al

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th later

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s rvic s c rie o t b in e e d nt c rtific tio b die

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Pu lc tio s

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p te t rig ts IEC s al n t b h ld re p n ible f or id ntifyin a y or al s c p te t rig ts

International Stan ard IEC 6 0 6-1 has b en pre ared by IEC tec nical commit e 3 :

Primary cels an b teries

This twelfth edition can els an re laces the eleventh edition (2 1 ) an con titutes a

tec nical revision

The major tec nical c an es with resp ct to the previou edition are:

– the order of the An exes was c an ed to the order in whic they a p ar in the doc ment

an a ca tion was ad ed to in icate where the An ex inf ormation first a p ars in the

doc ment;

– the h midity con ition f or non P-s stem bat eries in Ta le 3 was modified;

– the stan ard dis harge voltage for the Y an W c emistries was determined to b at 3,5 V

and 2,8 V resp ctively;

– detai s on ca acity me s rement were moved f rom Annex E to Subclau e 5.1

– the coin/but on cel an b t ery definition was clarif ied in order to b t er ad res is ues

with the swal owin of coin cel s

The text of this stan ard is b sed on the fol owin doc ments:

Ful inf ormation on the votin f or the a proval of this stan ard can b foun in the re ort on

votin in icated in the a ove ta le

This publ cation has b en draf ted in ac ordan e with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2

A lst of al p rts in the IEC 6 0 6 series, u der the general title P rimary b t teries, can b

f ou d on the IEC we site

The commit e has decided that the contents of this publ cation wi remain u c an ed u ti

the sta i ty date in icated on the IEC we site u der "htp:/we store.iec.c " in the data

related to the sp cific publ cation At this date, the publ cation wi b

The tec nical content of this p rt of IEC 6 0 6 provides fu damental req irements an

information on primary cels an b teries Al b t eries within the IEC 6 0 6 series are

con idered dry cel b t eries In this sen e, IEC 6 0 6-1 is the main comp nent of the

IEC 6 0 6 series an f orms the b sis f or the s bseq ent p rts For example, this p rt

in lu es elementary information on def i ition , nomen lature, dimen ion an markin Whie

sp cific req irements are in lu ed, the content of this p rt ten s to explain methodolog (how)

an ju tification (why)

Over the ye rs, this p rt has b en c an ed to improve its content an remain u der

contin al s rutin to en ure that the publ cation is ke t up to date with the ad an es in b th

b tery an b t ery-p wered device tec nologies

NOT Safety informatio is a aia le in IEC 6 0 6-4, IEC 6 0 6-5 a d IEC 6 2 1

PRIMA RY BA TTERIES –

Part 1: General

This p rt of IEC 6 0 6 is inten ed to stan ardize primary b teries with resp ct to dimen ion ,

nomen lature, terminal config ration , markin s, test method , typical p r orman e, safety

an en ironmental asp cts

As a primary b t ery clas if i ation tool, electroc emical s stems are also stan ardized with

resp ct to s stem let er, electrodes, electrolyte, nominal an maximum o en circ it voltage

NOT Th re uireme ts ju tif yin th in lu io or th o g in rete tio of b terie in th IEC 6 0 6 s rie are

giv n in An e A

The o ject of this p rt of IEC 6 0 6 is to b nefit primary b t ery u ers, device desig ers an

b tery man facturers by en urin that b teries f rom diff erent man facturers are

interc an e ble ac ordin to stan ard f orm, f it an f un tion Furthermore, to en ure

compl an e with the a ove, this p rt sp cifies stan ard test method for testin primary cel s

an b t eries

The f ol owin doc ments, in whole or in p rt, are normatively ref eren ed in this doc ment an

are in isp n a le f or its a pl cation For dated ref eren es, only the edition cited a ples For

u dated referen es, the latest edition of the referen ed doc ment (in lu in an

amen ments) a pl es

IEC 6 0 6-2:−

1

, P rimary b tt eries – P art 2: P hysic l a d electric l sp cific tio s

IEC 6 08 -3:2 11, Primary b tt eries – P art 3: Watch b t teries

IEC 6 08 -4:2 14, P rimary b t teries – P art 4: Safety of lithium b tt eries

IEC 6 08 -5:2 11, Primary b tt eries – P art 5: Safety of b tteries with a u o s electrolyte

one or more cel s electrical y con ected an fit ed in a case, with terminals, markin s an

protective devices etc as neces ary for u e

_ _ _ _ _ _ _

1

Tob p bls e

[SOURCE: EC 6 0 0-4 2:2 0 , 4 2-01-0 , modif ied def i ition]

3.3

but on (cel or b tery)

smal rou d cel or b tery where the overal heig t is les than the diameter

Note 1 to e try: In En ls , th term “b to (c l or b tery)” is o ly u e f or n n-lthium b terie whie th term

“c in (c l or b tery)” is u e for lthium b terie o ly In la g a e oth r th n En ls , th terms “c in” a d

“b to ” are ofte u e interc a g a ly, re ardle s of th ele tro h mic l s stem

3.4

c l

b sic f un tional u it, con istin of an as embly of electrodes, electrolyte, container, terminals

an u ual y se arators, that is a source of electric energ o tained by direct con ersion of

c emical energ

[SOURCE: EC 6 0 0-4 2:2 0 , 4 2-01-01]

3.5

clos d-circ it volta e

CCV (a breviation)

voltage acros the terminals of a b t ery when it is on dis harge

[SOURCE: EC 6 0 0-4 2:2 0 , 4 2-0 -2 , modified ("voltage b twe n the terminals of a cel

or b t ery" re laced by "voltage acros the terminals of a b t ery")]

dis harg (of a primary b tery)

o eration d rin whic a b tery del vers c r ent to an external circ it

3.9

dry (primary) bat ery

primary b t ery in whic the l q id electrolyte is es ential y immo i zed

[SOURCE: EC 6 0 0-4 2:2 0 , 4 2-0 -14, modified]

3.10

ef fe tiv internal re ista c – DC method

the internal d.c resistan e of an electroc emical cel is defined by the f ol owin relation:

)(

)(

)(

AV

i

iU

R

∆

∆

=Ω

minimum average time on dis harge whic is met by a sample of b t eries

Note 1 to e try: Th dis h rg te t is c rie o t a c rdin to th s e if i d meth d or sta d rd a d d sig e

to s ow c nformity with th sta d rd a plc ble to th b tery ty e

s ita le a proximate value of the voltage u ed to desig ate or identify a cel , a b tery or an

electroc emical s stem

[SOURCE: EC 6 0 0-4 2:2 0 , 4 2-0 -31, modif ied (ad ition of "(of a primary b tery)" an

n)]

3.15

ope -circ it volta e

OCV (a breviation)

voltage acros the terminals of a cel or b t ery when it is of f dis harge

3.16

primary (cel or b tery)

cel or b tery that is not desig ed to b electrical y rec arged

3.17

round (cel or b tery)

cel or b tery with circ lar cros section

3.18

s rvic output (of a primary b t ery)

service lfe, or ca acity, or energ output of a b tery u der sp cified con ition of dis harge

3.19

s rvic output te t

test desig ed to me s re the service output of a b t ery

Note 1 to e try: A s rvic o tp t te t ma b pre crib d, f or e ample, wh n

termin ls (of a primary b t ery)

con u tive p rts of a b tery that provide con ection to an external circ it

Primary b teries are sold mainly in con umer markets In recent ye rs, they have b come

more so histicated in b th c emistry an con tru tion, for example b th ca acity an rate

ca a i ty have in re sed to me t the growin deman s f rom new, b t ery-p wered eq ipment

tec nolog

When desig in primary b teries, the aforementioned con ideration s al b taken into

ac ou t Sp cifical y, their dimen ional conf ormity an sta i ty, their ph sical an electrical

p rorman e an their saf e o eration u der normal u e an forese a le mis-u e con ition

Their ph sical s a e s al b desig ed in s c a way that they en ure that the b t eries make

an maintain go d electrical contact at al times

They s al b made of materials that provide go d electrical con u tivity an resistan e to

cor osion

4.1.3.2 Conta t pre s re re ista c

Where stated in the b tery sp cif i ation ta les or the in ivid al sp cification s e ts in

IEC 6 0 6-2, the folowin a pl es:

– a force of 10 N a pled throu h a ste l b l of 1 mm diameter at the centre of e c contact

are f or a p riod of 10 s s al not cau e an a p rent deformation whic mig t prevent

satisfactory o eration of the b tery

NOT Se als IEC 6 0 6-3 f or e c ptio s

4.1.3.3 Cap a d ba e

This typ of terminal is u ed f or b teries whic have their dimen ion sp cified ac ordin to

Fig res 1 to 7 of IEC 6 0 6-2:− an whic have the c l n rical side of the b t ery in ulated

These are es ential y flat metal s r aces ada ted to make electrical contact by s ita le

contact mec anisms b arin again t them

4.1.3.7 Flat or spiral springs

These contacts comprise flat metal strips or spiral y wou d wires whic are in a f orm that

provides pres ure contact

4.1.3.8 Plug-in-soc ets

These are made up of a s ita le as embly of metal contacts, mou ted in an in ulated hou in

or holdin device an ada ted to receive cor esp n in pin of a matin plu

4.1.3.9 Snap f aste ers

These contacts are comp sed of a combination comprisin a stu (non- esi ent f or the

p sitive terminal an a soc et (resi ent for the negative terminal

They s al b of s ita le metal so as to provide eff i ient electrical con ection when joined to

the cor esp n in p rts of an external circ it

4.1.3.9.2 Sn p f aste er

This typ of terminal con ists of a stu for the p sitive terminal an a soc et for the negative

terminal These s al b made f om nic el plated ste l or other s ita le material They s al

b desig ed to provide a sec re ph sical an electrical con ection, when fit ed with simi ar

cor esp n in p rts for con ection to an electrical circ it

4.1.3.10 Wire

Wire le d may b sin le or multi-stran flexible in ulated tin ed co p r The p sitive

terminal wire coverin s al b red an the negative blac

4.1.3.1 Oth r spring conta ts or cl ps

These contacts are general y u ed on b teries when the cor esp n in p rts of the external

circ it are not precisely k own They s al b of sprin bras or of other material havin

simi ar pro erties

4.1.4 Cla sif ic tion (ele troc emic l s stem)

Primary b teries are clas ified ac ordin to their electroc emical s stem

Eac s stem, with the ex e tion of the zin -ammonium c loride, zin c loride-man anese

dioxide s stem, has b en al ocated a let er denotin the p rtic lar s stem

The electroc emical s stems that have b en stan ardized up to now are given in Ta le 1

Table 1 – Sta dardize ele troc emic l s stems

C Lithium (Li) Org nic ele trolyte Ma g n s dio id (MnO

G Lithium (Li) Org nic ele trolyte Co p r (I ) o id (CuO) 1,5 2,3

L Zin (Zn) Alk l metal h dro id Ma g n s dio id (MnO

2

Z Zin (Zn) Alk l metal h dro id Nic el o y y ro id (NiOOH) 1,5 1,7

NOT 1 Th v lu of th n min l v lta e is n t v rif i ble; th refore it is o ly giv na aref ere c

NOT 2 Th ma imum o e -circ it v lta e (3.15) is me s re a d fin d in 5.5 a d 6.8.1

NOT 3 Wh n referin to a ele tro h mic l s stem, c mmo proto ol is to lst n g tiv ele tro e first,

f olowe b p sitiv ele tro e, ie lthium-iro dis lf i e

4.1.5 De ig ation

The desig ation of primary b t eries is b sed on their ph sical p rameters, their

electroc emical s stem as wel as modifiers, if ne ded

A comprehen ive explanation of the desig ation s stem (nomen lature) can b f ou d in

a) desig ation, IEC or common;

b) expiration of a recommen ed u age p riod or ye r an month or we k of man f acture

The ye r an month or we k of man facture may b in code;

c) p larity of the p sitive (+) terminal;

d) nominal voltage;

e) name or trade mark of the man facturer or s p l er;

f ) cautionary ad ice

NOT Ex mple of th c mmo d sig atio s c n b fo n in An e D of IEC 6 0 6-2:−

4.1.6.2 Marking of smal bat erie (s e Table 2)

a) Bat eries desig ated in the IEC as smal , mainly category 3 an category 4 b t eries have

a s race to smal to ac ommodate al markin s s own in 4.1.6.1 For these b teries the

desig ation 4.1.6.1a) an the p larity 4.1.6.1c) s al b marked on the b tery Al other

markin s s own in 4.1.6.1 may b given on the immediate p c in in te d of on the

b tery

b) F r P-s stem b teries, 4.1.6.1a) may b on the b t ery, the se l n ta or the

p c age.4.1.6.1c) may b marked on the se l n ta an /or on the b tery 4.1.6.1b),

4.1.6.1d) an 4.1.6.1e) may b given on the immediate p c in in te d of on the b tery

c) Caution f or in estion of swal owa le b t eries s al b given Refer to IEC 6 0 6-4:2 14

(7.2 a) an 9.2) an IEC 6 0 6-5:2 1 (7.1 l) and 9.2) for detais

Table 2 – Marking re uireme ts

4.1.6.3 Marking of bat erie re arding method of dispos l

Markin of b t eries with resp ct to the method of disp sal s al b in ac ordan e with local

legal req irements

4.1.7 Interc a ge bi ty: bat ery volta e

Primary b teries as presently stan ardized in the IEC 6 0 6 series can b categorized by

their stan ard dis harge voltage U

s F r a new b tery s stem, its interc an e bi ty by

voltage is as es ed for compl an e with the f ol owin f ormula:

Cur ently, two voltage ran es that conform to the a ove formula have b en identif ied They

are identified by referen e voltage U

r, whic is the midp int of the relevant voltage ran e

Voltage ran e 1, U

The term stan ard dis harge voltage an related q antities, as wel as the method of their

determination, are given in An ex D

_ _ _ _ _ _ _

2

Th sta d rd dis h rg v lta e U

s

wa intro u e to c mply with th prin iple of e p rime tal v rif i bi ty

Neith r th n min l v lta e n r th ma imum of lo d v lta e c mple with this re uireme t

n wi b id ntic l m a d n wi b dif fere t f or multi-c l b terie if a s mble with c ls f rom a diff ere t v lta e

ra g th n th s of a alre d sta d rdiz db tery

Voltage ran e 1 en omp s es al presently stan ardized b teries with a nominal voltage of

1,5 V, i.e "no-let er s stem, s stems A, F, G, L, P, S an Z

Voltage ran e 2 en omp s es al presently stan ardized b t eries with a nominal voltage of 3

V, i.e s stems B, C, E, W an Y

Becau e b t eries f om voltage ran e 1 an voltage ran e 2 s ow sig ificantly dif ferent

dis harge voltages, they s al b desig ed to b ph sical y non-interc an e ble Before

stan ardizin a new electroc emical s stem, its stan ard dis harge voltage s al b

determined in ac ordan e with the proced re given in An ex D to resolve its

interc an e bi ty by voltage

WARNING Faiure to c mply with this re uireme t c n pre e t s fety h z rd to th u er, s c a fire, e plo io ,

le k g a d/or d vic d ma e This re uireme t is n c s ary for s fety a d o eratio al re s n

4.2.1 Dis h rge perf orma c

Dis harge p r orman e of primary b t eries is sp cif ied in IEC 6 0 6-2

4.2.2 Dime sional stabi ity

The dimen ion of b teries s al conform with the relevant sp cified dimen ion as given in

IEC 6 0 6-2 an IEC 6 0 6-3 at al times d rin dis harge testin u der the stan ard

con ition given in this sp cification

NOT 1 An in re s in b tery h ig t of 0,2 mm c n o c r with b to c ls of th B, C, G, L, P a d S s stems,

4.2.4 Ope -circ it volta e l mits

The maximum o en-circ it voltage of b teries s al not ex e d the values given in Ta le 1

Dis harge d ration , initial and delayed, of b teries s al me t the req irements given in

IEC 6 0 6-2

When desig in primary b teries, safety u der con ition of inten ed u e an forese a le

mis-u e as pres rib d in IEC 6 0 6-4 an IEC 6 0 6-5 s al b con idered

5 Perf ormanc – Testing

For the pre aration of stan ard method of me s rin p rf orman e (SMMP) of con umer

go d , refer to An ex E

A ca acity of a primary b t ery may b esta ls ed by electrical dis harge tests as detai ed in

D.2.3 However, u der con umer u age con ition , the ca acities re l sed f om electrical

dis harge test method can vary

The fol owin factors/varia les dramatical y imp ct on o timum ca acity re lsation

a) The c r ent deman fom the external electrical circ itdevice

b) The f eq en y of c r ent deman (Contin ou or intermit ent u age)

c) The minimum voltage at whic the device wi satisf actori y o erate (Cut of f voltage)

d) The temp rature of o eration

From the varia les l sted in a) to d), hig c r ent deman f or prolon ed p riod coupled with a

hig c t of f voltage an low temp rature re resent the worst case condition res ltin in

sig ificant ca acity los

Becau e the electrical y or c emical y derived ca acity of a primary bat ery can ot b rel a ly

u ed in any calc lation of ultimate b tery p r orman e it is nevertheles es ential to con ey

to the u er some ide of b t ery p rf orman e/l fe when u ed in typical b t ery p wered

devices It s ould however b noted that s c desig ated ‘a pl cation tests’ (defined in

6 0 6-2) may not entirely re lcate a device/a plcation there b in man variation e c with

dif ferin electrical req irements in the marketplace Furthermore b tery p rf orman e may b

f urther aff ected by one or more of the con ition in a) to d) a ove

The f ol owin has therefore b en derived fom ISO/IEC Guide 3 :19 2

5.2 Dis harge te tin

The dis harge tests in this stan ard fal into two categories:

– a pl cation tests;

– service output tests

In both categories of tests, dis harge lo d are sp cif ied in ac ordan e with 6.4

The test method of determinin the lo d an test con ition are as given in 5.2.2

a) The eq ivalent resistan e is calc lated f rom the average c r ent an average o eratin

voltage of the eq ipment u der lo d Con tant c r ent or con tant p wer lo d are also

p rmited f or a plcation ex ibitin these typ s of p wer deman p t ern

b) The fu ctional en -p int voltage an the eq ivalent resistan e lo d, c r ent lo d, or

con tant p wer values are o tained f rom typical a pl cation eq ipment me s rements

c) The median clas defines the lo d value an the en -p int voltage to b u ed f or the

dis harge test

d) If the data are con entrated in two or more widely se arated groups, more than one test

may b req ired

Ap lcation tests may b ac elerated by dis harge lo d, dai y p riod d ty c cle, or b th The

sp cified values f or lo d an time intermit en y s ould take the fol owin f actors into

con ideration:

– dis harge eff i ien y of the b tery relative to the a pl cation

– typical d ty c cle u e p t ern for the a pl cation

– total time to con u t the test not to ex e d 3 day

Some fixed resistan e tests have b en c osen to permit simpl city of desig an en ure

rela i ty of the test eq ipment, despite the f act that, in sp cif i in tan es, con tant c r ent or

con tant watage tests may b a b t er re resentation of the a pl cation

In the f uture, alternative or ad itional lo d con ition may b neces ary to eff ectively

re resent the ran e of a pl cation in u e It is l kely that the lo d c aracteristic of a

p rtic lar category of eq ipment wi c an e with time in a develo in tec nolog

The precise determination of the fu ctional en -p int voltage of the eq ipment is not alway

p s ible The dis harge con ition are at b st a compromise selected to re resent a category

of eq ipment whic may have widely divergent c aracteristic

Nevertheles , in spite of these l mitation , the derived ap l cation test is the b st a pro c

k own for the estimation of b t ery ca a i ty for a p rtic lar category of eq ipment

NOT In ord r to minimiz th prolferatio of a plc tio te ts, th te ts s e if i d targ t to b th s a c u tin

f or 8 % of th mark t b b tery d sig atio

5.2.2.2 Appl c tion te ts with multiple loa s

For a pl cation test with multiple lo d , the lo d order d rin a c cle s al start with the

he viest lo d an move to the l g test lo d u les otherwise sp cified

For service output tests, the value of the lo d resistor s ould b selected s c that the

service output a proximates 3 day

When ful ca acity is not re l zed within the req ired time s ale, the service output may b

exten ed to the s ortest s ita le d ration there f ter by selectin a dis harge lo d of hig er

ohmic value, as def i ed in 6.4

5.3 Conf orma c c e k to a spe ifie minimum a era e duration

In order to c ec the conf orman e of a b tery to an dis harge tests sp cified in

IEC 6 0 6-2 an 6 0 6-3, the test s al b car ied out as folows:

a) Test eig t b teries

b) Calc late the average without the ex lu ion of an res lt

c) If this average is eq al to or gre ter than the sp cified fig re an no more than one

b tery has a service output of les than 8 % of the sp cified fig re, the b teries are

con idered to conform to service output

d) If this average is les than the sp cified f i ure an /or more than one b t ery has a service

output of les than 8 % of the sp cified fig re, re e t the test on another sample of eig t

b teries an calc late the average as previou ly

e) If the average of this secon test is eq al to or gre ter than the sp cified f i ure an no

more than one b tery has a service output of les than 8 % of the sp cif ied fig re, the

b teries are con idered to conf orm to service output

f ) If the average of the secon test is les than the sp cified fig re an /or more than one

b tery has a service output of les than 8 % of the sp cified fig re, the b teries are

con idered not to conform an no f urther testin is p rmit ed

g) For the purp ses of verifyin compl an e with this stan ard, con itional ac e tan e may

b given after completion of the initial dis harge tests

NOT Dis h rg p rf orma c of primary b terie is s e ifie in IEC 6 0 6-2

5.4 Calc lation method of the spe ifie v lue of a minimum a era e duration

Af ter the service output has b en determined u der the sp cif ied en ironmental con ition ,

the dis harge s al b contin ed in the same way u ti the closed circ it voltage dro s for the

f irst time b low 4 % of the nominal voltage of the b tery The req irements of 4.1.3, 4.2.2

an 4.2.3 s al b met

NOT For watc b terie , th vis al e amin tio f or le k g is c rie o t in a c rd n e with Cla s 8 of

IEC 6 0 6-3:2 1

6 Perf ormanc – Test conditions

6.1 Stora e a d dis h rg conditions

Storage b f ore dis harge testin an the actual dis harge test is car ied out u der wel

-defined con ition Unles otherwise sp cified, the con ition given in Ta le 3 s al a ply

Dis harge con ition s own are f urther refer ed to as stan ard con ition

Table 3 – Con itions f or stora e bef ore a d d ring dis harge te tin

a

Durin s ort p rio s th stora e temp rature ma d viate fom th s lmits with ut e c e in (2 ± 5) °C

b

This te t is c rie o t wh n a stora e te t at hig temp rature is re uire Perorma c re uireme ts are th

s bje t of a re me t b twe n th ma ufa turer a d th c stomer

c

Baterie to b store u p c e

d

Ex e t “P” s stem: (5 ± 10) % RH

6.2 Comme c me t of dis harge te ts af ter stora e

The p riod b twe n the completion of storage an the start of a delayed dis harge test s al

not ex e d 14 day

Durin this p riod the b t eries s al b ke t at (2 ± 2) °C an (5 + 2 / -4 ) % RH (ex e t

f or P-s stem b t eries where the relative h midity s al b (5 ± 10) % RH)

At le st one day in these condition s al b al owed f or normal zation b fore startin a

dis harge test af ter storage at hig temp rature

6.3 Dis harge te t condition

In order to test a b tery it s al b dis harged as sp cified in IEC 6 0 6-2 or IEC 6 0 6-3

u ti the voltage on lo d drops f or the f irst time b low the sp cif ied en -p int The service

output may b expres ed as pulses, d ration, ca acity, or energ

When IEC 6 0 6-2 or IEC 6 0 6-3 sp cify service outputs for more than one dis harge test,

b teries s al me t al of these req irements in order to comply with this sp cification

The value of the resistive lo d (whic in lu es al p rts of the external circ it s al b as

sp cified in the relevant sp cification s e t an s al b ac urate to ± 0,5 %

When formulatin new tests, the resistive lo d s al , whenever p s ible, b as s own in Ta le

4 together with their decimal multiples or s b-multiples

Table 4 – Re istiv loa s for new te ts

The p riod on-dis harge an of f-dis harge s al b as sp cified in IEC 6 0 6-2

When f ormulatin new tests, whenever p s ible, one of the fol owin dai y p riod s ould b

6.6 Te t condition tolera c s

Unles otherwise sp cified, the toleran es given in Ta le 6 s al a ply

Table 6 – Te t condition tolera c s

6.7 Activ tion of ‘P’-s stem bat erie

A p riod of at le st 10 min s al ela se b twe n activation an the commen ement of

electrical me s rement

The ac urac of the me s rin eq ipment s al b ≤ 0,2 % an the precision s al b ≤ 5 %

of the value of the last sig ificant digit

The u e of sampl n plan or prod ct q al ty in ices s ould b agre d b twe n the

man f acturer an the purc aser

Where no agre ment is sp cified, ref er to ISO 2 5 an ISO 217 7 for sampl n an q alty

compl an e as es ment ad ice

A code of practice f or b t ery p c agin , s ipment, storage, u e an disp sal can b fou d in

An ex G

Annex A

(nor mative)

Criteria for the standardization of bat eries

Bateries an electroc emical s stems s al me t the fol owin req irements to ju tify their

initial in lu ion or on oin retention in the IEC 6 0 6 series:

a) The b t ery or b t eries of this electroc emical s stem are in mas prod ction

b) The b t ery or b t eries of this electroc emical s stem are avai a le in several market

places of the world

c) The b tery is prod ced by at le st two in e en ent man facturers, the p tent holder(s)

of whic s al conf orm to the req irements contained in 2.14 of the ISO/IEC Directives,

Part 1, Referen e to p tented items

d) The b tery is prod ced in at le st two dif ferent cou tries or, alternatively, the b tery is

purc ased by other international an in e en ent b tery man facturers an sold u der

their comp n la el

The items of Ta le A.1 s al b in lu ed in an new work pro osal to stan ardize a new

in ivid al b t ery or electroc emical s stem

Table A.1 – Items ne e s ry to sta dardize

Co forma c stateme t to items a) to d) a o e Co forma c stateme t to items a) a d b) a o e

De ig atio a d ele tro h mic l s stem Re omme d d d sig atio leter

Ma imum o e circ it v lta e

Ele trolyte

Annex B

(inf or mative)

Recommendations f or equipment design

B.1 Te hnic l l aison

It is recommen ed that comp nies prod cin b tery-p wered eq ipment maintain close

l aison with the b tery in u try The ca a i ties of existin b teries s ould b taken into

ac ou t at desig in e tion Whenever p s ible, the b t ery typ selected s ould b one

in lu ed in IEC 6 0 6-2 The eq ipment s ould b p rmanently marked with the IEC

desig ation, grade an size of b tery whic wi give o timum p rf orman e

Desig comp rtments so that b t eries are e si y in erted an do not fal out The dimen ion

an desig of comp rtments an contacts s ould b s c that b teries complyin with this

stan ard wi b ac e ted In p rtic lar, the eq ipment desig er s ould not ig ore the

toleran es given in this stan ard, even if a national stan ard or a b tery man facturer cal s

f or smal er b t ery toleran es

The desig of the negative contact s ould make al owan e for an reces of the b t ery

terminal

Cle rly in icate the typ of b tery to u e, the cor ect p larity al g ment an direction f or

in ertion

Use the s a e an /or the dimen ion of the p sitive (+) an negative (–) b tery terminals in

comp rtment desig s to prevent the reverse con ection of b teries Positive (+) an negative

(–) b tery contacts s ould b visibly dif ferent in form to avoid conf usion when in ertin

b teries

Batery comp rtments s ould b electrical y in ulated f rom the electric circ it an p sitioned

so as to minimize p s ible damage an /or ris of injury Only the b tery terminals s ould

ph sical y contact the electric circ it Care s ould b taken in the c oice of materials an the

desig of contacts to en ure that eff ective electrical contact is made an maintained u der

con ition of u e even with b t eries at the extremes of dimen ion p rmit ed by this stan ard

Batery an eq ipment terminals s ould b of comp tible material an low electrical

resistan e

Batery comp rtments with p ral el con ection are not recommen ed sin e a wron ly placed

b tery wi res lt in c argin con ition

Eq ipment desig ed to b p wered by air de olarized b t eries of either the "A" or "P" s stem

s al provide for adeq ate air ac es For the "A" s stem, the b tery s ould prefera ly b in

an uprig t p sition d rin normal o eration For "P" s stem b t eries conformin to Fig re 9

of IEC 6 0 6-2:−, p sitive contact s ould b made on the side of the b tery, so that air

ac es is not imp ded

Althou h b t eries are very mu h improved regardin their resistan e to le kage, it can sti

oc ur oc asional y When the b tery comp rtment can ot b completely isolated f rom the

eq ipment, it s ould b p sitioned so as to minimize p s ible damage