Tiêu chuẩn iso 18400 107 2017

© ISO 2017 Soil quality — Sampling — Part 107 Recording and reporting Qualité du sol — Échantillonnage — Partie 107 Enregistrement et notification INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18400 107 First edition 20[.]

Soil quality — Sampling —

Part 107:

Qu lité du sol — Éch ntillo n ge —

Partie 107: Enr gistr ment et n tif ation

Fir t edition

2 17-0

Refer ence n mb r

ISO 1 40 -1 7:2 17(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT

© ISO 2017, P blshed in Sw itz rlan

A ll rig hts r eserved Unles otherw ise spe ified, nopar of this p blc tion ma y be r epr od c d or utilz d otherw ise in an form

or b an me ns, ele tr onic or me hanic l, inclu in p oto opying , or postin on the internet or an intranet , w ithout prior

written permis ion Permis ion c n be req esed from either ISO at the ad r es below or ISO’s member bod y in the c u try of

the r eq eser

ISO c pyrig ht ofic

C de Blan on et 8 • C 4 1

CH-1 14 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerlan

Tel + 12 7 9 011

Fax 412 7 9 0 4

c pyrig ht@iso.or g

www.iso.or g

F reword i v

Introduction v

1 Sc ope 1

2 Nor mati ve r eferenc es 1

3 Terms an definitions 1

4 General 1

5 S mpl n plan 2

6 Field acti vities 2

6.1 Te h ical r eq ir ements

2 6.2 Site data 3

6.3 Identification 4

6.4 Sample desc iption 4

6.5 Sampl ng 5

6.6 Transport an s orag e 5

7 Instructio s to the lab rator y 5

8 Final r epor ting

6 Biblog raphy 7

ISO (he Int ernational Org nization for Stan ardization) is a worldwidefede ation of national s an ards

b dies (ISO membe b dies) The work of pr p ring Int ernational Stan ards is normaly car ied out

through ISO t ech ical committ ees Each membe b dy int er st ed in a subje t for w hich a t ech ical

committ ee has be n es a lshed has the right t o be r pr sent ed on that committ ee Int ernational

org nizations, g ove nmental an non-g ove nmental, in laison with ISO, also take part in the work

ISO cola orat es closely with the Int ernational Ele trot ech ical C mmis ion (IEC) on al matt ers of

ele trot ech ical s an ardization

The proc d r s used t o develo this document an those int en ed for it furthe maint enanc ar

desc ibed in the ISO/IEC Dir ctives, Part 1 In p rticular the dife ent a pro al c it eria ne ded for the

dife ent ty es of ISO document should be not ed This document was draft ed in ac ordanc with the

edit orial rules of the ISO/IEC Dir ctives, Part 2 ( e www iso org dir ctives)

A tt ention is drawn t o the p s ibi ity that some of the element of this document ma be the subje t of

p t ent right ISO shal not be held r sponsible for identifying any or al such p t ent right Detais of

any p t ent right identified d ring the develo ment of the document wi be in the Introd ction an / r

on the ISO ls of p t ent de larations r c ived ( e www iso org p t ent )

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenienc of use s an does not

cons itut e an en orsement

For an ex lanation on the meaning of ISO spe ific terms an ex r s ions r lat ed to conformity as es ment,

as wel as information a out ISO’s adhe enc to the Wor ld Trade Org nization (WTO) principles in the

Te h ical Bar ie s to Trade (TBT) se the folowing URL: www iso org iso/ for word html

This document was pr p r d b Te h ical Committ ee ISO/TC 1 0, S i q alt y, Subcommitt ee SC 2,

S mpln

This firs edition of ISO 1 40 -1 7, t og ethe with ISO 1 400-1 1 an ISO 1 40 -1 4, canc ls an

r plac s ISO 1 3 1-1:2 0 , w hich has be n t echnicaly r vised The ISO 1 400 se ies is b sed on a

mod lar s ructur an can ot be compar d t o ISO 1 3 1-1 cla use b clause

A l s of al p rt in theISO 1 40 se ies can be fou d on theISO websit e

As embly of the field data an it pr sentation in an easiy r ada le an un e s an a le form in the

samplng r port is an es ential pr cursor t o u de s an ing the la orat ory r sult an their pro e

pr sentation an int erpr tation in the o e al inves ig tion r p rt

Documentation an data manag ement r lat ed t o sampl ng within an inves ig tion pro ramme consis

of r p rting the samplng proc d r s, r cording field data an o se v tions, and desc ibing the

samples

Usualy, the r sult from ex minations of samples ar used t o g in information a out the t otal mat erial

or po ulation the samples we e taken from

F or a f inal as es ment, a wide v riety of information sour es wi l be used

The sampl ng r p rt deals with f ive major activities:

— theins ruction of the sample and any deviation from the samplng plan;

— thef ield o se v tions an measur ment ;

— theins ructions for t es ing an analy sis;

— comment on sour es of u c rtainty;

— comment on ac uracy, pr cision an v ria i ty

The degr e of detai of information r q ir d depen s on the o je tives of the sampl ng pro ramme

This has t o be def ined in the samplng plan

This document is p rt ofa se ies on sampl ng s an ards for soi The role /p sition of the Int ernational

Stan ards within the t otal inves ig tion pro ramme is shown in Figur 1

Figure 1 — Links betwe n the es ential elements of an investig tio programme

NOTE 1 The n mb r in cir les in Figure 1 def ine the key elements (1 to 7)of the investig tion pro ramme

NOTE 2 Figure 1 display s a g neric proces which can b amen ed when neces ary

Soil quality — Sampling —

This document spe if ies the minimum information r q ir d for a samplng r p rt indepen ent of the

purp se of the inves ig tion

The pr p ration of the o e al inves ig tion r p rt is not co e ed b this document ( e

ISO/IEC 1 0 5:2 0 , 5.1 3)

2 Normati ve r eferences

The folowing document ar r fe r d t o in the t ext in such a wa that some or al of their cont ent

cons itut es r q ir ment of this document F or dat ed r fe enc s, only the edition cit ed a ples F or

un at ed r fe enc s, the lat es edition of the r fe enc d document ( inclu ing any amen ment ) a ples

ISO 1 0 4, S i q alt y — Voc ab lary

3 Terms and definitions

F or the purposes of this document, the t erms an def initions given in ISO 1 0 4 a ply

ISO an IEC maintain t erminolo ical data ases for use in s an ardization at the folowing ad r s es:

— IECEle tro edia: a aia le at ht p:/ www ele tro edia org

— ISO Onlne brow sing plat orm:a ai a le at ht p:/ www iso org o p

NOTE ISO 1 074 def ines the t erms “ ampling record” an “ ampling report as sy on ms, for in man f ields

of ap lication, there is no sharp distinction b tween them Within this document “ record” or “ recording” are

used for the g thering of raw data in the f ield only In al other cases,“ report or “ reporting” are used

The sampl ng r p rt deals with f ive major activities:

— the ins ruction of the sample (ac ording t o the samplng plan) an any deviations from the plan

( e Clause 5);

— r porting the f ield activities, inclu ing o se v tions an measur ment ( e Clause 6);

— theins ructions for t es ing an analy sis t o the la orat ory ( e Clause 7);

— identif ication of any p t ential an actual u c rtainties arising from the sampl ng ( inclu ing

information on ar as that could not be sampled);

— g the ing information on anything that might afe t ac uracy, pr cision an v ria i ity of the t es

r sult

The sampl ng r p rt should mention that the r port has be n pr p r d in ac ordanc with this

document

The samplng r p rt should be a ai a le t o r lev nt s af working on the proje t (hese s af inclu es

those eng g ed in f ieldwork, pr tr atment, analy sis an as es ment) at al the s ag esa o e

The field information should be pr sent ed in a neat an legible form, be ause data she t ar not alway s

r ty ed, but ar submitt ed t o the clent an / r filed in their original form

Al r p rt should be pro e ly c os -r fe enc d

The samplng r p rt is a factual r p rt Al int erpr tations an conclusions belong t o the o e al

inves ig tion r p rt that wi be ela orat ed lat er an ar not within the sco e of this document

P ot ogra hs of the sit e an the samples ar useful for identif ication an w hen a aia le should be p rt

of the r p rt

Much sit e de ived data inclu ing o se v tions on trial pit and b r holes ar now r corded

ele tronical y on sit e The r sulting files should also be part of the r p rt

5 Sampl ng plan

The sampl ng plan ( e ISO 1 400-1 1) an the o se v tions an r cordings of the sample ( e

Clause 6) form the b sis of the samplng r p rt The efor , the samplng r p rt shal r fe t o the

o je tives of the inves ig tion pro ramme an t o the sampl ng plan

Usualy, thesampl ng plan pro ides at leas the folowing information conc rning sampl ng:

a) a desc iption of the a aia le backgroun information on the sit e an mat erial t o be sampled;

b) a l s of the p rticip nt inv lved an their spe if ic int er s in the samplng pro ramme;

c) theo je tives of sampl ng;

d) the samplng proc d r ( amplng a pro ch an t ech iq e) inclu ing han l ng, pr se v tion,

packa ing an st orag e, as wel asconside ations r lating t o QA/Q C, health an safety pr ca utions;

e) a ls of analy ses an t es s t o be pe formed on the samples, t og ethe with the conseq ential

r q ir ment for samplng [e.g ty e an siz of sample( ) r q ir d]

A detai ed sampl ng plan should spe ify al the information that is r q ir d for each sample befor the

samplng s art

Any deviation from the a r ed samplng plan shal be document ed an jus if ied in the samplng r p rt

( inclu ing a uthority for the deviations)an be mentioned in the o e al inves ig tion r p rt t oo

6 Field acti vities

6.1 Technical requirements

The cont ent of the sampl ng r cords an the samplng r p rt depen on the samplng o je tives To

avoid r petitions, it is useful t o dife entiat e betwe n the information that has t o be document ed for

each in ivid al sample an the information that is common t o al of the samples The folowing data

shal be document ed ac ording t o the samplng plan:

a) thename of samplng pe sonnel;

b) the location of the sit e /plot ( uff iciently pr cise for anothe pe son t o f in it without furthe

guidanc inclu ing co rdinat es an elev tion)an sit e r fe enc n mbe or sit e name;

c) the pr cise location from w hich the sample was taken inclu ing depth an , if a plca le, side or

from b tt om of a trial pit this might inclu e co rdinat es);

d) a compr hensive desc iption of the r lev nt detai s an featur s of the sit e /plot ( e 6.2);

e) thedat e and time of sample cole tion an / r sit e o se v tion;

f) thef ield measur ment (r cords, r sult );

g) theo se v tions d ring sampl ng;

h) the weathe con itions at the time an prior t o sampl ng, inclu ing air t empe atur , pr cipitation,

su shine, clou , et c

i) thety e of devic used t o take the sample;

j) a r cord of the origin an g ene ation of the sample ( hesampl ng proc d r );

k) ar a of sampl ng plot or samplng ar a (e.g ma , a f ield sket ch);

l) l s of samples (n mbe of samples an their la el ing);

m) l s of analyses that wi l be pe formed;

n) thesample amou t (e.g b using the pr p r d containe , b t les, es imating the v lume an mas );

o) w hethe the in ivid al soi samples we e kept sep rat e or p oled int o comp sit e samples;

p) sample han lng: packa ing, st orag e, transp rt, ( inclu ing the time ela sed betwe n samplng,

transp rt an p s -samplng han lng, or u ti trans e of the sample t o anothe r sponsible

pe son);

q) pr tr atment in the f ield ( e ISO 1 40 - 20 );

r) safety r q ir ment conc rning the samples;

s) any othe fact or that might influenc the r sult of subseq ent t es ing an as es ment ;

t) conf irmation that any chang e t o the samplng plan made in the field that might afe t the q al ty of

ther sult was pro e ly a uthorised;

u) q alty control measur s pe formed

The documentation of theinformation lst ed a o e ensur s the p t ential v lue of thela orat ory r sult

is ful y r al z d A lack of information a out the sampl ng an the samples cannot be compensat ed for

d ring lat er s ag es of the inves ig tion

6.2 Site data

Sit e data shal be document ed ac ording t o the spe if ications of thesamplng plan This usualy inclu es:

— surfac r lef featur s of the sit e;

— a pearanc of the surfac (veg etation, sealng, et c );

— signs of e osion an soi mo emen

— detai s a out lan use, inclu ing p s and pr sent uses of the sit e;

— cur ent sit e plan, for ex mple, the pr senc of conc et e or tarmac p thway s, of buidings an

r mains of demolshed buidings, veg etation, r fuse, domes ic pipelnes an un e groun tanks an

se vic s;

— g eolo y of the sit e;

— hydrolo y of the sit e, in p rticular the groun wat er r gime an fluctuations, soi wat er con itions,

sea wat er incursions;

— any othe featur s an event w hich might influenc the int erpr tation of the data g the ed;

— detai s of sour es of information, w hich ha e be n consult ed ( inclu ing r fe enc s t o

backgroun /sour e mat erial)

Detaied information on al the a o e aspe t is usualy a ai a le in the r p rt of the pr lminary

inves ig tion w hich should ha e pr c ded any sit e works ( e ISO 1 400-1 4

1)

an ISO 1 400- 20

1)

)

Conseq ently, only summary information ne d be inclu ed in the samplng r p rt Howeve , any

deviations from w hat was ex e t ed on the b sis of the pr l minary inves ig tion r port or ad itional

information should be not ed

A plan of the sit e shal be p rt of the r p rt

A dditional documentation, e.g phot os an sit e charact erization, is r commen ed

6.3 Identification

Each sample shal be given a u iq e identification ( e ISO 1 40 -1 5:2 1 , 5.3)

NOTE 1 The identif ication can b either n mb r or let er or b th

NOTE 2 In cases where the data o tained from a sample is me nt for long -t erm stora e in data b n s, the

same sample n mb r is t o b used throughout he whole sampling, analytical an evaluation proced re

NOTE 3 It might b ad anta e us t o inclu e x- an y-co rdinates of the location of sample origin [e.g

conventional Cartesian systems or Univer al Transver e Mer ator (UTM) in the sample n mb r for q ick

reference

6.4 S mple des ription

Samples shal be desc ibed in the f ield

NOTE 1 Man o servations of characteristic of the material t o b sampled can b made directly in the f ield

These are usualy very helpful for the interpretation of the results of la oratory analysis, for plausibility control,

for estimations of the representativenes of the samples an of the spatial distribution of characteristic

Among these ar :

— colour;

— consist ency, homog eneity, grain siz ;

— cons ituents /comp nent t o be identified visualy an using a ma nifying glas ;

— o vious odour

NOTE 2 In ad ition t o the sample des ription, it might b neces ary to des rib the soil ty e an soil prof ile

(se ISO 2 17 )

The e ar seve al way s t o desc ibe a sample, eithe as an in ivid al sample or as p rt of a profile

Samplng for a ricultural, g eot ech ical, environmental or scientif ic purp ses r q ir s dife ent

information an folow s dife ent methods an r gulations for documentation The ty e of desc iption

that is r q ir d should be s at ed clearly in the def inition of the o je tives The desc iption should, in

ad ition, inclu e asa minimum:

— w hethe the sample is dis urbed or u dis urbed;

— w hethe a single or comp sit e sample; if comp sit e, give the n mbe an dis ribution of samplng

point ;

— v lume of sample;

— mois ur s atus of sample w hen cole t ed;

1) Un er pr eparation