Tiêu chuẩn iso 12219 7 2017

© ISO 2017 Interior air of road vehicles — Part 7 Odour determination in interior air of road vehicles and test chamber air of trim components by olfactory measurements Air intérieur des véhicules rou[.]

Interior air ofr oad vehicles —

Part 7:

Air intérieur de s v hicule s ro tiers —

Partie 7: Déte mination de s odeurs da s l’air intérieur de s v hicule s

ro tiers et da s le s ch mbre s d’e ssai d’air de s comp sant de finition

p r de s mesura e s olfctifs

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT

© ISO 2017, P blshed in Sw itz rlan

A ll rig hts r eserved Unles otherw ise spe ified, nopar of this p blc tion ma y be r epr od c d or utilz d otherw ise in an form

or b an me ns, ele tr onic or me hanic l, inclu in p oto opying , or postin on the internet or an intranet , w ithout prior

written permis ion Permis ion c n be req esed from either ISO at the ad r es below or ISO’s member bod y in the c u try of

F reword i v

Introduction v

1 Sc ope 1

2 Nor mati ve r eferenc es 1

3 Terms, definitio s and ab r eviated terms 1

4 Principle 5

5 Test faci ities 5

5.1 General 5

5.2 Odour tes equipment 5

5.2.1 A ir samplng b g 5

5.2.2 Odour samplng devic 6

5.2.3 Odour pr esentation devic 6

5.3 Olfactory p nel 6

5.3.1 Panel sele tion 6

5.3.2 Beha viour of the p nel membe s for olfactory training ses ions an as es ment 7

5.3.3 Panel membe s pe formanc folow-up 7

6 Test c onditio s 7

6.1 General 7

6.2 Req ir ement r elated to the o eration of the whole vehicle tes chambe 8

6.2.1 General 8

6.2.2 A mbient air mode 8

6.2.3 Par king mode 8

6.3 Req ir ement r elated to the o eration of the emis ion tes chambe 8

7 Test pr oc edure 9

7.1 Sampl ng 9

7.1.1 General 9

7.1.2 Samplng fr om theinte ior air of r oad vehicles 9

7.1.3 Samplng fr om emis ion tes chambe air of trim comp nents 9

8 A sses ment 9

8.1 Pr esentation of odour samples 1

8.2 Odour as es ment 1

9 Test rep r t 10

10 Qual ty c ontrol 10

A nne x A (informative)Des r iptio of a p s ible sampl ng and pr esentation devic e for air samples 12

A nne x B (informative)Diutio devic e 13

A nne x C (informative) Intensity as es ment .14

A nne x D (informative) F r the od ur evaluatio as es ments 16

A nne x E (informative) Panel selectio using snifin sticks 18

A nne x F (informative) Panel selectio using olfactometry 19

A nne x G (informative) Panel selection using fi ve standard o orants 20

Biblog raphy 21

ISO (he Int ernational Org nization for Stan ardization) is a worldwidefede ation of national s an ards

b dies (ISO membe b dies) The work of pr p ring Int ernational Stan ards is normaly car ied out

through ISO t ech ical committ ees Each membe b dy int er st ed in a subje t for w hich a t ech ical

committ ee has be n es a lshed has the right t o be r pr sent ed on that committ ee Int ernational

org nizations, g ove nmental an non-g ove nmental, in laison with ISO, also take part in the work

ISO cola orat es closely with the Int ernational Ele trot ech ical C mmis ion (IEC) on al matt ers of

ele trot ech ical s an ardization

The proc d r s used t o develo this document an those int en ed for it furthe maint enanc ar

desc ibed in the ISO/IEC Dir ctives, Part 1 In p rticular the dife ent a pro al c it eria ne ded for the

dife ent ty es of ISO document should be not ed This document was draft ed in ac ordanc with the

edit orial rules of the ISO/IEC Dir ctives, Part 2 ( e www iso org dir ctives)

A tt ention is drawn t o the p s ibi ity that some of the element of this document ma be the subje t of

p t ent right ISO shal not be held r sponsible for identifying any or al such p t ent right Detais of

any p t ent right identified d ring the develo ment of the document wi be in the Introd ction an / r

on the ISO ls of p t ent de larations r c ived ( e www iso org p t ent )

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenienc of use s an does not

cons itut e an en orsement

For an ex lanation on the meaning of ISO spe ific terms an ex r s ions r lat ed to conformity as es ment,

as wel as information a out ISO’s adhe enc to the Wor ld Trade Org nization (WTO) principles in the

Te h ical Bar ie s to Trade (TBT) se the folowing URL: www iso org iso/ for word html

The committ ee r sp nsible for thisdocument is ISO/TC146, Air q alt y, Subcommitt ee SC 6, Indo r air

A l s of al the p rt in the ISO 1 2 9 se ies can be fou d on theISO websit e

Volatie an semi-volatie org nic comp u ds (VOCs an SV Cs) ar widely used in in us ry an ma

be emitt ed b many eve yda prod ct an mat erials They ha e at ract ed att ention in r c nt years

be a use of their impact on in o r air q al ty Aft er homes an workplac s, peo le spen a lot of time

in their vehicles It is imp rtant t o det ermine the mat erial emis ions of int erior p rt an t o r d c

them t o an ac epta le level, if r q ir d The efor , it is ne es ary t o o tain compr hensive an r la le

information a out he ty es of org nic comp u ds in the in o r air of vehicles an their conc ntrations

as wel as an odour impr s ion

Sinc olfact ory as es ment is b sed on ve y subje tive impr s ions, it is ne es ary t o make this

subje tivity comp ra le b means of a s an ardiz d proc d r This document desc ibes a controled

olfact ory ex mination of the int erior air of ro d vehiclesan thechambe air of trim component

This document ado t the g ene al r q ir ment alr ady spe if ied in the Int ernational Stan ardsof the

ISO 1 0 0 se ies w hich deal with the det ermination of odour emis ions from buiding prod ct using

t es chambe s ( e ISO 1 00 - 28) an with sensory t es ing of in o r air ( e ISO 1 0 0-3 ), but uses

dife ent odour ev luation schemes develo ed for the a ut omotive in us ry

A risk as es ment should be car ied out t o clarify that no harmful comp u ds ar pr sent in the ro m

In some cou tries, an ethics committ ee ma r q ir this

Interior air ofr oad vehicles —

Part 7:

This document spe ifies a s an ardiz d an o je tive proc s t o analy se an det ermine the olfact ory

beha iour of component , semi-f inished prod ct an mat erials fitt ed in the int erior of ro d vehicles

The odour det ermination is eithe pe formed b using samples from the int erior air of ro d vehicles

or from emis ion t es chambe air This document desc ibes an olfact ory sc e ning method b sed

on dife ent scales for the olfact ory as es ment w hich ar desc ibed in the annex es Othe olfact ory

as es ment , e.g ac ording t o ISO 1 0 0- 28, ar also pos ible but ar not the focus of this document

2 Normati ve r eferences

The folowing document ar r fe r d t o in the t ext in such a wa that some or al of their cont ent

cons itut es r q ir ment of this document F or dat ed r fe enc s, only the edition cit ed a ples F or

un at ed r fe enc s, the lat es edition of the r fe enc d document ( inclu ing any amen ment ) a ples

ISO 8 8 , Sens or y a alys i s — G ene al g ida c e fr the des ig o tes t ro ms

ISO 1 2 9-1, Inte ior air o ro d vehicles — Part 1: Wh le vehicle tes t chambe — S ec ific atio a d meth d

fr the determin tion o v latie org nic c omp u ds in c abin inte iors

ISO 1 2 9-4:2 1 , Inte ior air o ro d vehicles — Part 4 : Meth d f r the dete min tio o the emi s s io s o

v latie org nic c omp u ds fromvehicle inte ior p rts a d mate ial s — Smal ch mbe meth d

ISO 1 00 - 28:2 1 , Indo r air — Part 28: Dete min tio o odo r emi s s io s from b idin produc ts us in

tes t chambe s

3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms

3.1 Ter ms and definitio s

F or the purposes of this document, the t erms an def initions given in ISO 1 2 9-1, ISO 1 2 9-4,

ISO 1 0 0- 28 an the folowing a ply

ISO an IEC maintain t erminolo ical data ases for use in s an ardization at the folowing ad r s es:

— IECEle tro edia: a aia le at ht p:/ www ele tro edia org

— ISO Onlne brow sing plat orm:a ai a le at ht p:/ www iso org o p

od ur

pleasant or u pleasant smel caused b chemical comp u ds emit ing t o in o r air from a buiding

prod ct or mat erial, aut omotive part or w hole vehicle int erior

[ SOURCE:ISO 1 0 0- 28:2 1 , 3.1.1, modif ied — The phrase “aut omotive p rt or w hole vehicle int erior”

has be n ad ed.]

3.1.2

sensory odo r panel

groupof trained or u trained as es ors pe forming the sensory as es ment of the odour emis ion from

bui ding prod ct or mat erials, a ut omotive p rt or w hole vehicle int erior

[ SOURCE:ISO 1 0 0- 28:2 1 , 3.1.9, modif ied — The phrase “a ut omotive p rt or w hole vehicle int erior”

lack of sensitivity t o some olfact ory s imulus d e t o phy siolo ical defe t , w hich is not r ve sible

[ SOURCE:ISO 549 :2 0 , 2.3 , modif ied]

3.1 9

cle n air

odourles air

[ SOURCE:ISO 1 0 0- 28:2 1 , 3.1.2 ]

conc ntration of a spe if ic v latie org nic c omp u d (3.1.24) (or group of v lati e org nic compoun s)

measur d in the smal chambe outlet or the w hole vehicle t es chambe

[SOURCE: ISO 1 2 9-4:2 1 , 3.6, modified — The phrase “or the whole vehicle tes chambe ” has

air exchang e rate

ratio of the v lume of clea air (3.1.9) brought int o the tes t chambe (3.1.2 ) hourly an the fr e t es

chambe v lumemeasur d in identical u it

[ SOURCE:ISO 1 0 0- 28:2 1 , 3.1.14 ]

3.1.1

outlet air flow rate

air volume pe time at the chambe outlet

Note 1t o entry: T e outlet air flow rate is e pres ed as volume per secon

sum of al g seous v lume flows con uct ed int o the smal chambe

[ SOURCE:ISO 1 2 9-4:2 1 , 3.1 , modified — Not e 1 t o entry has be n delet ed.]

3.1.1 7

are specific air flow rate

ratio betwe n the sup ly air flow rat e an the ar a of the tes t s pec imen (3.1.2 )

trim compo ent

comp nent prod c d for incorp ration in a vehicle ca in

test chamber

enclosur with control ed o e ational paramet ers for the det ermination of v latie org nic c omp u ds

(3.1.24) an odo rs (3.1.1) emitt ed from tes t s pec imens (3.1.2 ) pr par d from buiding prod ct ,

a ut omotive p rt or w holevehicle int erior

[ SOURCE: ISO 1 0 0- 28:2 1 , 3.1.2 , modified — The phrase “aut omotive p rt or w hole vehicle

int erior” has be n ad ed.]

pro uct loading factor

ratio of ex osed surfac ar a of the tes t s pec imen (3.1.2 ) an the fr e t es chambe v lume

[ SOURCE:ISO 1 0 0- 28:2 1 , 3.1.24 ]

3.1.23

test specimen

p rt of the sample spe ial y pr par d for emis ion t es ing in a tes t chambe (3.1.2 ) in orde t o simulat e

the odour emis ion beha iour of the mat erial or prod ct being t est ed

[ SOURCE:ISO 1 0 0- 28:2 1 , 3.1.2 ]

3.1.24

od ur sample

air sample cole t ed from the t es chambe outlet in containe s an being t est ed for it odo r (3.1.1)

Not e 1t o entry: An e ample of a container is a fle ible b g

[ SOURCE:ISO 1 0 0- 28:2 1 , 3.1.2 ]

3.1.25

v latie org nic compo nd

VOC

org nic comp un that is emitt ed from the vehicle int erior trim or from the tes t s pec imen (3.1.2 ) an

al thosedet ect ed in the int erior air of ro d vehicles or in the chambe air of trim c omp nents (3.1.1 )

[ SOURCE:ISO 1 0 0-9:2 0 , 3.1 , modified]

3.1.26

olfactory reference material

homog eneous, s a le an wel-defined pr p ration of a chemical odorous comp u d (with uniq e CAS

n mbe )used for the training an calbration of the p nel membe s (3.1.3)

Not e 1 t o entry: For e ample, diferent concentrations of butanol or acetone can b used t o train the panel

memb r or t o as es odour intensity

3.2 A bbr eviated terms

FEP t etrafluoroethy lene hex fluoro ro y lene co olyme

PVF p lyviny l fluoride

P T p lyethy lenet er phthalat e

VOC v latie org nic compoun

4 Principle

The odour emis ion from ro d vehicle int erior trim an trim comp nent is measur d using a sensory

odour panel The odour samplng from mat erial part or entir car ca in ma be r alz d ac ording

t o the samplng b g method desc ibed in this document The odour det ermination ma be car ied

out simultaneously with chemical emis ion measur ment in ac ordanc with ISO 1 2 9-1 an

ISO 1 2 9-4 This document desc ibes an olfact ory sc e ning method b sed on dife ent scales for the

olfact ory as es ment w hich ar desc ibed in the an ex es These scales for olfact ory analy ses spe ified

in this document del be at ely dife from the scales spe ified in ISO 1 0 0- 28 t o me t he spe ific ne ds

of the a ut omotive in us ry In ad ition, the desc iption of the odour charact er b olfact ory not es using

a set of chemical desc ipt ors is informatively spe ified in An ex D

5 Test faci ities

5.1 General

Samples ar eithe taken from the int erior air of the ro d vehicles or from an emis ion t es chambe

atmosphe e The sample as es ment is pe formed in a sep rat e t es ro m The working environment of

the t es ro m for sensory odour p nel membe s containing the odour t es eq ipment shal be odourles

an maintained u de the con itions spe if ied in ISO 8 8 Any odour emis ions from eq ipment,

furnishings an mat erials (p int , wal an flo r co e ings an furnitur , et c ) ins aled in the t es

ro m shal be avoided

A faci ty designed an o e at ed t o det ermine the odour in the int erior air of ro d vehicles consis s of

a w hole vehicle t es chambe me ting the r q ir ment spe if ied in ISO 1 2 9-1 The w hole vehicle

t es chambe is big enough t o house the t es vehicle complet ely an shal contain a clean air g ene ation

sy st em A solar radiat or syst em is ins al ed t o heat the t es vehicle ca in with a f ix ed ir adiation The

r sulting t empe atur inside the ca in depen s on the insulation an the win ow glas mat erial ( he

minimum r q ir ment ar spe ified in ISO 1 2 9-1)

A faci ty designed an o e at ed t o det ermine odours emitt ed from trim comp nent consis s of

an emis ion t es chambe containing the t es spe imen The emis ion t es chambe shal me t the

r q ir ment spe if ied in ISO 1 2 9-4 It shal contain a clean air g ene ation an h midif ication

sy st em, an air mixing sy st em, an monit oring an control sy st ems t o ensur that the t es is car ied out

t o spe if ied con itions The emis ion t es chambe outlet shal be ada t ed t o the sampl ng of chambe

air in containe s

5.2 Odour test equipment

The folowing eq ipment is also ne es ary for the odour det ermination in int erior air of ro d vehicles

an in emis ion t es chambe air of trim comp nent b olfact ory measur ment

5.2.1 A ir samplng ba

The air samplng b g shal not in uc any alt eration of the odour being sampled The b g with a v lume

of ty icaly 5 l t o 1 l shal , the efor , be airtight, odourles , non-pe mea le an non-adsorptive So far,

the folowing mat erials ar conside ed a pro riat e for making air samplng ba s:

— t etrafluoroethy lene hex fluoro ro y lene co olyme (FE );

— poly iny l fluoride (PVF);

— polyethy lenet er phthalat e (P T).

A schematic r pr sentation of a pos ible sampl ng an pr sentation devic for air samples cole t ed

from the int erior air of ro d vehicles or from the emis ion t es chambe is given in An ex A

5.2.2 Odo r sampl ng devic e

The sampl ng devic for vehicle ca in air/emis ion t es chambe consis s ofa containe that can be

ev acuat ed using a pump ac ording t o the lu g principle The samplng location an the sampl ng devic

ar con e t ed b a pro e Up n ev acuation of the samplng devic , the sample b g, being mount ed in the

devic , sucks in sample air via the pro e This proc d r is used to a oid any contact betwe n the sample

air an the cons ruction element of the samplng devic a art from the pro e and the sample b g

5.2.3 Odo r pr esentatio devic e

The odour pr sentation devic consis s of a cy lin e t o be f iled with clean air The sample containe is

inse t ed in the cy lin e an conne t ed t o a samplng ins al ation in the cy lin e b means of a v lve By

controled inje tion of clean air int o the cy lin e , the int erior pr s ur is raised and the samplng air is

pr s ed in a controled manne out of the sample containe through the o ened v lve This sampl ng air

is trans e r d t o the nose of the cor esp nding sensory odour p nel membe b means of a fu nel By

thismeans, each sensory odour p nel membe r c ives an identical sample with a s an ardiz d v lume

flow an a cons ant pro ision time ( e ISO 1 0 0- 28:2 1 , 5.6.2)

Air velocity is a c itical p ramet er, it shal be a o e 0,3 m/s

5.3 Olfactory panel

A q alfied odour as es ment r q ir s at leas five olfact ory p nel membe s Mor o e , the pe son in

charg e of the mat erial t es ing and samplng of the odour shal neve take part t o the p nel rating Al

p nel membe sshal suc e d the sele tion phase pr vious t o any sample as es ment

5.3.1 Panel selectio

F or any kin of sensory as es ment spe if ied in this document, the la orat ory shal ha e a proc d r

for p nel sele tion an folow-up in orde t o guarant ee the level of pe formanc ( e Figur 1) Mor

information a out panel sele tion can be fou d in An ex es E t o G

The sele tion of the p nel membe s is b sed on the folowing c it eria:

— Pe formanc on a sensitivity t est ;the can idat e shal not ha el mitations of the sense of smel (e.g

anosmia) or hy e sensitivity Av id hea y smokers, pe sons with chronic rhinitis or with ale gies

w hich afe t he olfact ory sense (e.g inclu ing sne zing)

NOTE Butanol detection threshold is a g od in ication of sensitivity t og ther with sensory stick method on

the major odour des ript or

— Pe formanc o e the training ses ions on the r fe enc mat erials; a can idat e shal be a le t o

rat e with a given r co nition level (e.g 8 % for each of the r fe enc s) Depending on the ty e of

as es ment pe formed b the p nel, the r fe enc mat erials can be q altativedesc ipt ors or scale

levels of int ensity or b th

Figure 1 — S lectio an training s heme for panel member

5.3.2 Behaviour of the panel member s for olfactory training ses io s and as es ments

Befor an aft er the olfact ory as es ment, the panel membe s shal folow some rules of con uct t o

inc ease the r prod cibi ty an t o r d c the mutual influencing

— A t leas 3 min befor the odour as es ment, the panel membe shal not smoke, eat or drink

(ex ception: wat er) or chew chewing gum or the l ke Av id pe fumed ambient atmosphe e also

Drin ing some sips of flat wat er can help t o r mo e out pe sist ent aroma

— Imp irment of olfaction b lack of b dy hygiene but also the use of odour-active b dy car prod ct

( c nt, deodorant, aft ersha e or the lke) shal not be alowed

— The olfaction of thepanel membe is imp ir d b , e.g i nes at the da of the odour as es ment In

the case of i nes , the p nel membe shal inform the p nel leade an wi l be ex clu ed from the

odour as es ment

— Whie the odour as es ment is in pro r s , no information shal be ex chang ed among the panel

membe s

5.3.3 Panel member s per for manc e folow-up

Al the p nel membe s shal be trained on a r gular b sis The training ses ion shal be in epen ent of

the as es ment ses ion t o a oid sensory fatigue or ac ommodation

The training shal be done on the r fe enc materials The pe c ntage of r co nition shal be r corded an

folowed as far as the p nel is a ctive A minim um pe formanc is r q ir d throughout the year (e.g 8 %)

6 Test conditions

Gene al t es con itions for the det ermination of odour emis ions using t es chambe s ar spe if ied in

ISO 1 2 9-1 an ISO 1 2 9-4 an shal be met Al control measur s t o ve ify the t es con itions shal

be trac a le t o a r fe enc s an ard ac ording t o the q alty as uranc an q al ty control schemes

The g ene al r q ir ment incorp rat e:

— t empe atur an r lative h midity in the t es chambe ;

— sup ly air q alty and VOC b ckgroun conc ntration in the t es chambe ;

— air velocity in the t es chambe ;

— air ex chang e rat e in thet es chambe ;

— t es chambe airtightnes ;

— eff iciency of the int ernal t es chambe air mixing;

— ambient p ramet ers (T, RH) of the sensory t es

6.2 Requirements related to the operation of the whole vehicle test chamber

6.2.1 General

R eq ir ment conc rning thew hole vehicle t es chambe , the t es vehicle, the measur ment proc d r s

an the s an ard t es proc d r s ar given in ISO 1 2 9-1 an shal be met F or the purp ses of this

document, the odour det ermination in the int erior air of ro d vehicles is pe formed using the w hole

vehicle t es chambe o e at ed in the ambient mode an the p rking mode The w hole vehicle t es

chambe shal be odourles

6.2.2 A mbient air mode

The t es con itions ar spe if ied in ISO 1 2 9-1 The olfact ory sample is taken aft er the o tional

samplng of VOCs an carb ny l comp u ds The sampl ng p sitions ar spe if ied in ISO 1 2 9-1

6.2.3 Par king mode

The t es con itions ar spe if ied in ISO 1 2 9-1 The olfact ory sample is taken aft er the o tional

samplng of VOCs an carb ny l comp u ds The sampl ng p sitions ar spe if ied in ISO 1 2 9-1

6.3 Requirements related to the operation of the emis ion test chamber

R eq ir ment conc rning the emis ion t es chambe , the t es spe imen, the measur ment proc d r s

an the s an ard t es proc d r ar given in ISO 1 2 9-4 an shal be met The exhaus air at the

chambe outlet shal be used for taking the olfact ory sample dir ctly prior t o the o tional samplng of

VOCs an carb ny l comp u ds

Pr -diution of the s r am of odorous g ses shal be a pled w hen the e is a risk of con ensation of the

g s sample w hen st or d at ambient con itions Dynamic pr -diution d ring sampl ng is done b mixing

a flow of sample g s with a flow of neutral g s (e.g nitrog en) The eq ipment for dynamic pr -diution

w hi e samplng odours is desc ibed in An ex B The dynamic pr -diution devic shal be r gularly

calbrat ed so that the pr -diution fact or is k own This proc d r should take int o ac ou t that the

diution fact or shal r main s a le d ring the sampl ng pe iod

A calbration proc d r should be b sed on the measur ment of o yg en or CO

2

at he inlet and outlet of

the pr -di ution pro e, if nitrog en isused as the diution sp n g s The diution fact or is then calculat ed

from the folowing ratio of the trac r g s: C

inlet/ C