Tiêu chuẩn iso 13315 4 2017

© ISO 2017 Environmental management for concrete and concrete structures — Part 4 Environmental design of concrete structures Management environnemental du béton et des structures en béton — Partie 4[.]

Environmental manag ement for

Part 4:

Ma a ement enviro nemental du b to et des structure s en b to —

Partie 4 : Co c ption en iro nementale de s structur s en b to

Fir t edition

2 17-0

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT

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F reword i v

Introduction v

1 Sc ope 1

2 Nor mati ve r eferenc es 1

3 Terms an definitions 1

4 F ramewor k of envir onmental desig n 2

5 Clent briefing and en vir onmental per for manc e requirements 3

6 Desig n 4

7 Estimation 4

8 Ver ification 4

9 Documentation 4

A nne x A (informative)Example structur e of inventor y, impact categ or y, categ or y endpoints and o jects of pr otectio 5

A nne x B (informative) Examples of me sur es to satisfy requirements for impact categ or y in icator s in the “Desig n ” stag e 6

A nne x C (informative) Example of inventor y anal ysis based o the L A method and verification (mix pr oportio of c oncrete) 7

Biblog raphy 9

ISO (he Int ernational Org nization for Stan ardization) is a worldwidefede ation of national s an ards

b dies (ISO membe b dies) The work of pr p ring Int ernational Stan ards is normaly car ied out

through ISO t ech ical committ ees Each membe b dy int er st ed in a subje t for w hich a t ech ical

committ ee has be n es a lshed has the right t o be r pr sent ed on that committ ee Int ernational

org nizations, g ove nmental an non-g ove nmental, in laison with ISO, also take part in the work

ISO cola orat es closely with the Int ernational Ele trot ech ical C mmis ion (IEC) on al matt ers of

ele trot ech ical s an ardization

The proc d r s used t o develo this document an those int en ed for it furthe maint enanc ar

desc ibed in the ISO/IEC Dir ctives, Part 1 In p rticular the dife ent a pro al c it eria ne ded for the

dife ent ty es of ISO document should be not ed This document was draft ed in ac ordanc with the

edit orial rules of the ISO/IEC Dir ctives, Part 2 ( e www iso org dir ctives)

A tt ention is drawn t o the p s ibi ity that some of the element of this document ma be the subje t of

p t ent right ISO shal not be held r sponsible for identifying any or al such p t ent right Detais of

any p t ent right identified d ring the develo ment of the document wi be in the Introd ction an / r

on the ISO ls of p t ent de larations r c ived ( e www iso org p t ent )

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenienc of use s an does not

cons itut e an en orsement

F or an ex lanation on the v lu tary natur of s an ards, the meaning of ISO spe if ic t erms an

ex r s ions r lat ed t o conformity as es ment, as wel as information a out ISO’ s adhe enc t o the

World Trade Org nization (WTO) principles in the Te hnical Bar ie s t o Trade (TBT) se the folowing

URL: www iso org iso / for word html

The committ ee r sp nsible for this document is Te h ical C mmitt ee ISO/TC 7 , Co c rete, r inorc ed

c onc rete a d pre -s tr s s ed c onc rete, Subcommitt ee SC 8, Env iro mental ma a ement fr c onc rete a d

c onc rete s truc tur s

A l s of al the p rt in the ISO 1 3 5se ies can be foun on the ISO websit e

Environmental manag ement is es ential for pro e ly es imating the neg tive and p sitive

environmental imp ct brought a out b a cons ruction proje t in orde t o r d c the environmental

burden an c eat e environmental benefit Environmental conside ations for a s ructur , in p rticular,

ar t o be car ied out at the design s ag e an be int egrat ed with conventional s ructural design an

d ra i ty design To this en , s an ardization of the design proc d r for environmental design

be omes a ne es ity

ISO 14040s ipulat es the principles an framework of lfe ycle as es ment (L A)for the environmental

manag ement of prod ct and se vic s Howeve , it is somew hat difficult t o a ply this t o s ructur s with

extr mely long l fe ycles, such as infras ructur s an bui ding s ructur s

The use of conc et e, a key cons ruction mat erial, ac ou t for a p rticularly larg e p rt of the

environmental impact r lat ed t o cons ruction proje t If the environmental imp ct r lat ed t o

a conc et e s ructur ar ac urat ely dealt with t o achieve environmental design, this can ena le a

dramatic r d ction in the environmental burden for the cons ruction proje t as a w hole and inc ease

the environmental benef it The efor , a method of environmental design spe ificaly for conc et e

s ructur s is es ential an led t o the develo ment of this document

In the environmental design of a conc et e s ructur , a pro riat e spe if ications for mat erials an

s ructural detais ar es a l shed b sed on L A ISO 1 3 5-1s ipulat es the principles of environmental

conside ation for conc et e and conc et e s ructur s w hie ISO 1 3 5- 2 s ipulat es the sy st em b un aries

ne es ary for car ying out L A an the invent ory data t o be acq ir d

Environmental manag ement for c oncrete and c oncrete

Part 4:

This document pro ides the g ene al framework, principles an r q ir ment for car ying out an

environmental design of conc et e s ructur s, b sed on a lfe ycle as es ment (L A) method or othe

a pro riat e methods

This document is a plca le t o single conc et e s ructur s, as wel asconc et e s ructur complex es

2 Normati ve r eferences

The folowing document ar r fe r d t o in the t ext in such a wa that some or al of their cont ent

cons itut es r q ir ment of this document F or dat ed r fe enc s, only the edition cit ed a ples F or

un at ed r fe enc s, the lat es edition of the r fe enc d document ( inclu ing any amen ment ) a ples

ISO 1 3 5- 2, Env iro mental ma a ement fr c onc rete a d c onc rete s truc tur s — Part 2 : S s tem b u dar y

a d in entory data

ISO 14040, Env iro mental ma a ement — Life cycle as s es s ment — Princ iples a d framework

3 Terms and definitions

F or the purposes of this document, the t erms and definitions given in ISO 1 3 5-1, ISO 1 3 5- 2,

ISO 14040an ISO 140 0, and the folowing a ply

ISO an IEC maintain t erminolo ical data ases for use in s an ardization at the folowing ad r s es:

— IECEle tro edia: a aia le at ht p:/ www ele tro edia org

— ISO Onlne brow sing plat orm:a ai a le at ht p:/ www iso org o p

3.1

clent briefing

document w hich spe ifies at any p int in time the r lev nt ne ds, aims an r sour es of the clent an

use , the cont ext of the proje t an any a pro riat e design r q ir ment

3.2

durabi ity design

design of a s ructur in w hich d ra i ity is conside ed

3.3

enviro mental design

design of a s ructur in w hich environmental impact ar conside ed

[ SOURCE:ISO 1 3 5-1:2 1 , 3.6]

structural design

design of a s ructur in w hich s ructural pe formanc s inclu ing safety, se vic a i ity, r st ora i ity,

s ructural int egrity an ro us nes ar conside ed

4 Framewor k ofenvironmental desig n

Figur 1 i lus rat es the p sitioning of environmental design in the entir design of conc et e s ructur s

The environmental design of a conc et e s ructur shal becar ied out int egraly with s ructural design

an d ra i ty design an be in harmony with the lan sca ean sur ou ding environment

Environmental design inclu es cl ent briefing, set ing of environmental pe formanc r q ir ment ,

design, es imation of r tained environmental pe formanc s, ve ification an documentation

Figure 1 — Enviro mental design of co c ete structures

5 Cl ent briefing and environmental performance requirements

A clent’ s brief on the environmental aspe t of a proje t shal be pr p r d with conside ation of

e onomic an social aspe t r lat ed t o the purp se of ex ecuting the proje t, such as L C an hist orical

cont ext

F or a clent’ s brief, L C an environmental aspe t t o be conside ed shal be spe ified Various levels

ma be spe if ied, inclu ing an impact cat eg ory in icat or ( invent ory), imp ct cat eg ory, cat eg ory

en point an o je t of prot ection

NOTE An e ample of a brief with an impact cate ory in icat or (invent ory), impact cate ory, cate ory

en points an o jects of protection is shown in Figure A.1 (se An e A)

Ap ro riat e imp ct cat eg ory in icat ors for pe formanc verif ication shal be sele t ed for the

environmental aspe t spe if ied in the clent’ s brief

When imp ct cat eg ories, cat eg ory en point an o je t of prot ection ar spe if ied as the levels of

environmental aspe t in the clent’ s brief, imp ct cat eg ory in icat ors that can es imat e these levels

shal be sele t ed

Impact cat eg ory in icat ors ma inclu e the folowing:

— carb n dio ide (CO

2 )eq iv lent ;

— trichlorofluoromethane (CF ) eq iv lent ;

— nitrog en o ide (NO

x );

— sulfur o ide ( SO

x );

— t otal nitrog en;

— t otal phosphorus;

— hea y metals (lead, co pe , chromium, cadmium, zinc, et c );

— non-methane v latie org nic comp u ds (NMVOC);

— fos i fuels (co l, oi, natural g s);

— a iotic r sour es;

— particulat e matt er (PM);

— wast es;

— wat er;

— amou t of r sour e r cyclng

When se king harmony with the lan sca e an sur oun ing environment, imp ct cat eg ory in icat ors

ma be sele t ed for these fact ors as r q ir d

The environmental pe formanc r q ir ment shal be q antitatively set t o satis y the r lev nt laws

an r gulations, an the clent’s brief

6 Desig n

In design, spe if ic measur s shal be taken r g rding cons ituent , mix pro ortions an s ructural

detai s ( uch as membe dimensions an st eel cont ent) t o incorporat e the environmental aspe t set as

the environmental pe formanc r q ir ment

NOTE 1 T e efects of thermal mas , water retention, water perme tion, an planting can also b taken into

ac ou t

NOTE 2 An e B lists e amples of specif ic me sures neces ary for satisfying the req irements for some

impact cate ory in icator considered as en ironmental aspects

7 Estimation

The r tained environmental pe formanc of a conc et e s ructur or a conc et e s ructur complex shal

be a pro riat ely es imat ed ac ording t o the es a lshed impact cat eg ory indicat ors

The L A method in this document shal be in ac ordanc with the ISO 14040 se ies, an the sy st em

b u dary an invent ory data shal be det ermined ac ording t o ISO 1 3 5- 2 The r tained environmental

pe formanc shal be es imat ed b invent ory analysis

When the sele t ed impact cat eg ory indicat ors ar noise, vibration, d s , ele troma netic wa es an

chang es in wat er ta le levels, the v luemeasur d or analy sed in the p s (or in a simi ar environment)

shal be used for es imation

If the es a l shed impact cat eg ory in icat or is an environmental aspe t for w hich no q antitative

es imation method has be n es a l shed, or an environmental aspe t not suita le for q antitative

es imation, then the es imation shal be car ied out b an a pro riat e method

NOTE R elevant en ironmental aspects inclu e lan s ape disturb nce an lan form chang , for which

estimation can b q alitatively car ied out from social-s ientif ic points of view

8 Verification

Ve if ication shal be car ied out t o det ermine w hethe or not the r tained environmental pe formanc

of a designed conc et e s ructur satisf ies the environmental pe formanc r q ir ment

NOTE An e C shows an e ample of inventory analy sis b sed on L A an verif ication

When ve if ication r veals that the r tained environmental pe formanc of the designed conc et e

s ructur satisfies al pe formanc r q ir ment , ve if ication en s

When ve if ication r veals that the r tained environmental pe formanc of the designed conc et e

s ructur does not satis y the pe formanc r q ir ment , the proc s flow shal r turn t o the “ Design”

st ep t o chang e cons ituent , mix pro ortions an s ructural detai s ( uch as membe dimensions an

st eel cont ent) or, if this is not p s ible, t o the “Clent briefing” st ep t o r conside the pe formanc

r q ir ment through discus ions If the proje t is not ju g ed t o be feasible, the clent or owne ma

de ide t o discontin e the proje t

Al information r lat ed t o the environmental design of the proje t shal be r corded an st or d

r g rdles of ther sult of ve if ication

When the proje t is ex ecut ed as a r sult of ve ification, the r cord shal be r tained b the owne an

designe for the w hole se vic lfe of the conc et e s ructur

It is desira le that information r lat ed t o the environmental design in the proje t be uti iz d for the

planning of simi ar proje t

A nne x A

Example str uctur e ofin ventory, impact categ or y, categ or y

endpoints and objects of pr otection

Figure A.1 — Example structure of inventory, impact categ ory, categ ory endpoints and objects

of protection

A nne x B

indicator s in the “Desig n ” stag e

The folowing ar ex mples of spe if ic measur s that ma be ome ne es ary t o satis y the r q ir ment

for each impact cat eg ory in icat or These ar t o be conside ed as environmental aspe t in the “ Design”

s ag e, in the case w he e carb n dio ide (CO

2 ), nitrog en o ide (NO

x ), sulfur o ide ( SO

x ), particulat e

matt er (PM)or ther cyclng amou t of r sour es ar conside ed as an impact cat eg ory in icat or

When the imp ct cat eg ory in icat or iscarb n dio ide (CO

2 ), nitrog en o ide (NO

x ), sulfur o ide ( SO

x ), or

particulat e matt er (PM), the pos ible o tions ar as folow s:

— t o o timiz s r ngth r q ir ment an s ructural r q ir ment satis ying the design se vic lfe;

— t o r d c the Portlan c ment cont ent b using blen ed c men

— to r d c the fos i fuel consumption b subs ituting biomas fuel sour es for fos i fuel sour es

in plant ;

— t o r d c the amount of mat erials b impro ing the s ructur ty es an ex ecution methods;

— t o r d c the fos i fuel consumption b using fuel-eff icient cons ruction machine y an eq ipmen

— t o r d c the fos i fuel consumption b s rictly adhe ing t o the idlng st op practic ;

— t o r d c the fos i fuel consumption b subs ituting biomas fuel sour es for fos i fuel;

— t o cho se a pro riat e methodolo y r lat ed t o al activities in cons ruction;

— t o uti iz high wat er pe mea i ity an high wat er r t ention a i ity of pe vious conc et e for the

r d ction of heat islan phenomena;

— t o ext en the design se vic lfe of the s ructur an membe s b using high s r ngth an high

pe formanc conc et e;

— t o ext en the design se vic lfeof the s ructur an membe s b en ancing ada ta i ty t o v rious

chang es in thefutur ;

— t o uti z a the mal st orag e efe t of conc et e (buidings)

When the imp ct cat eg ory in icat or is the r cyclng amou t of r sour es, the p s ible o tions ar as

folows:

— t o use sup lementary c mentitiousmat erials;

— t o use r cycled a gr g t e an v rious sla a gr g t es;

— t o use r cover d a gr g t e