Tiêu chuẩn iso 01288 3 2016

© ISO 2016 Glass in building — Determination of the bending strength of glass — Part 3 Test with specimen supported at two points (four point bending) Verre dans la construction — Détermination de la[.]

Glass in building — Determination of

Part 3:

Ve r da s la co struction — Déte mination de la résista c du ve r

à la fle xion —

Partie 3: Essais a e é ro vete s sup ortée s en deu p int (le xion

q atr p ints)

Fir t edition

2 16-0 -1

Refer ence n mb r

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT

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the r eq eser

ISO c pyrig ht ofic

C de Blan on et 8 • C 4 1

CH-1 14 Vernier, Geneva, Sw itzerlan

Tel + 12 7 9 011

Fax 412 7 9 0 4

F reword i v

1 Sc ope 1

2 Nor mati ve r eferenc es 1

3 Terms and definitio s 1

4 Symbols 2

5 A pparatus 2

5.1 Tes ing machine 2

5.2 Measuring ins rument 3

6 S mple 3

6.1 Numbe of spe imens 3

6.2 Spe imen dimensions 3

6.3 Spe imen con ition an tr eatment 3

6.4 A dhesive fim 4

7 Proc ed re .4

7.1 Measuring w idth and thick es of each spe imen 4

7.2 Bending tes 4

8 Evaluatio 5

8.1 General 5

8.2 Bending s r eng th of thesurfac ar ea, edg es included 5

8.3 Bending s r eng th of theedg es 5

9 Test rep rt 6

Biblog raphy 8

ISO (he Int ernational Org nization for Stan ardization) is a worldwidefede ation of national s an ards

b dies (ISO membe b dies) The work of pr p ring Int ernational Stan ards is normaly car ied out

through ISO t ech ical committ ees Each membe b dy int er st ed in a subje t for w hich a t ech ical

committ ee has be n es a lshed has the right t o be r pr sent ed on that committ ee Int ernational

org nizations, g ove nmental an non-g ove nmental, in laison with ISO, also take part in the work

ISO cola orat es closely with the Int ernational Ele trot ech ical C mmis ion (IEC) on al matt ers of

ele trot ech ical s an ardization

The proc d r s used t o develo this document an those int en ed for it furthe maint enanc ar

desc ibed in the ISO/IEC Dir ctives, Part 1 In p rticular the dife ent a pro al c it eria ne ded for the

dife ent ty es of ISO document should be not ed This document was draft ed in ac ordanc with the

edit orial rules of the ISO/IEC Dir ctives, Part 2 ( e www.iso.org dir ctives)

A tt ention is drawn t o the p s ibi ity that some of the element of this document ma be the subje t of

p t ent right ISO shal not be held r sp nsible for identifying any or al such p t ent right Detais of

any p t ent right identified d ring the develo ment of the document wi be in the Introd ction an / r

on the ISO ls of p t ent de larations r c ived ( e www.iso.org p t ent )

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenienc of use s an does not

cons itut e an en orsement

F or an ex lanation on the meaning of ISO spe ific t erms an ex r s ions r lat ed t o conformity

as es ment, as wel as information a out ISO’ s adhe enc t o the WTO principles in the Te h ical

Bar ie s t o Trade (TBT) se the fol owing URL: F or word - Sup lementary information

The committ ee r sp nsible for this document is ISO/TC 1 0, Glas s in b idin , Subcommitt ee SC 2, Use

c ons ide atio s

ISO 1 88 consis s of the folowing p rt , un e theg ene al title Glas s in b idin — Dete min tio o the

bendin s tr n th o glas s:

— Part 1: Fu damental s o tes tin glas s

— Part 2 : Co xial do ble rin tes t o flat s pec imens w ith large tes t s urf c e ar as

— Part 3 : Tes t w ith s pec imen s up orted at t wo p ints (fur p int bending )

— Part 4 : Tes tin o cha nel sha ed glas s

— Part 5: Co x ial do ble rin tes t o flat s pec imens w ith s mal tes t s urfce ar as

Glass in building — Determination ofthe bending

Part 3:

This p rt of ISO 1 8 spe ifies a method for det ermining the ben ing s r ngth, inclu ing the efe t

of the edg es, of flat glas for use in bui ding The method spe ified can also be used t o det ermine the

ben ing s r ngth of theedg es of glas separat ely

The l mitations of this p rt of ISO 1 8 ar desc ibed in ISO 1 88-1

2 Normati ve r eferences

The folowing document , in w hole or in p rt, ar normatively r fe enc d in this document an ar

in ispensa le for it a pl cation F or dat ed r fe enc s, only the edition cit ed a pl es F or u dat ed

r fe enc s, the lat es edition of the r fe enc d document ( inclu ing any amen ment )a pl es

ISO 48, Ru be , v ulc ani zed or thermo las ic — Determin tion o h rdnes (h rdnes s betwe n 10 IRHD

a d 10 IRHD)

ISO 1 8 -1, Glas s in b idin — Dete min tio o the bendin s tr n th o glas s — Part 1: Fu damental s o

tes tin glas s

3 Terms and definitions

F or the purposes of this document, the folowing t ermsand definitions a ply

3.1

bending stres

t ensie ben ing s r s in uc d in the surfac of a spe imen

Note 1t o entry: For testing p rposes, the b n ing stres should b u iform over a specif ied part of the surface

3.2

efective bending stres

weight ed a e ag e of the t ensi e ben ing s r s es, calculat ed b a plying a fact or t o take int o ac ou t

non-uniformity of the s r s field

3.3

bending strength

ben ing s r s or efe tive ben ing s r s w hich leads t o br akag e of the spe imen

3.4

equivalent bending strength

a par nt ben ing s r ngth of p tt erned glas , for w hich the ir egularities in the thick es do not alow

pr cise calculation of the ben ing s r s

4 Symbols

E mod lus of elas icity (You g’ s mod lus)of the spe imen

NOTE F or soda lme si cat e glas ( e ISO 1 2 3-1), a v lue of 7 GPa is used

Pa

F

ma

ma imum for e

NOTE Whe e theben ing role s ar not f irmly at ached t o the t es ing machine, but

ar laid on the spe imen, the for e r sulting from their weight is ad ed t o the ma

i-mum measur d for e

N

k dimensionles fact or ( e ISO 1 8 -1:—, 6.2 for ex lanation)

L

s

L

b

M

b

y c ntral defle tion of the spe imen r lative t o the sup orting role s m

3

σ

b

ben ing s r s in the surfac ar a defined b the ben ing role s Pa

σ

bef

σ

b

σ

bG

3

5.1 Testing machine

The ben ing t es shal be car ied out using a suita le ben ing t es ing machine, w hich shal incorp rat e

the folowing featur s

a) The s r s ing of the spe imen shal be ca a le of being a pled from z ro up t o a ma imum v lue in

a manne w hich minimiz s shock an is st eples

b) The s r s ing devic shal be ca a le of the spe if ied rat e of s r s ing

c) The t es ing machine shal incorporat e a lo d measuring devic with a l mit of e ror of ± ,0 % within

themeasuring rang e

d) The sup orting role s an thebending role s ( e Figur 2) shal ha e a diamet er of 5 mm and a

length of not les than 3 5 mm Al the role s shal be fr e t o rotat e

5.2 Measuring instr uments

The folowing measuring ins rument ar r q ir d:

— a measuring ins rument ena lng the width of the spe imen t o bemeasur d t o the near s 1mm;

— a measuring ins rument alowing the thick es ofthe spe imen to be measur d to the near s 0,0 mm

6.1 Number of specimens

The n mbe of spe imens t o be t est ed shal be det ermined depen ing on the con denc lmit r q ir d,

espe ialy with r g rd t o es imating the extr mes of the s r ngth dis ribution ( e ISO 1 8 -1 for a

discus ion of n mbe s of spe imens)

Spe imen length L: 1 1 0 mm ± 5 mm

Spe imen width B : 3 0 mm ± 5 mm

Spe imen thick es h: thick es of the glas within the t ole anc spe if ied for the con ition as

sup led for t es

6.3 Specimen c ondition and treatment

The spe imens shal be flat an their edg es shal be r pr sentative of the edg e finish t o bet est ed If the

edg e is asymmetrical with r spe t t o the neutral a is of the spe imen, b th s r s ed edg es shal be in

the same orientation ( e Figur 1) an al spe imens in a sample shal be t est ed the same wa up

Key

1 whe lcut edg es

NOTE T e edg s of cut glas are not the same on b th corner b cause whe l cut edg s have the whe l

ap lied to only one surface of the glas In this instance, the edg s are asymmetrical with respect o the neutral

a is of the specimen

Figure 1 — Asymmetrical edg es

Any int ended chang es t o the con ition of the t es pie e b means of edg e working, prior me hanical

damag e, et ching, et c shal be complet ed at leas 24 h befor t es ing the ben ing s r ngth

( e ISO 1 8 -1) Simiarly, prot ective co tings shal be r mo ed at leas 24 h befor the t es The

spe imensshal be st or d in the t es ing environment ( e 7.2)for at leas 4 h befor being t est ed

6.4 Adhesi ve fi m

To hold t og ethe the fra ment , an adhesive film shal be fix ed t o the side of the spe imens facing the

ben ing role s ( e Figur 2) This faci tat es location of the fractur origin an measur ment of the

spe imen thick es

Key

1 specimen

2 b n ing r ol er

3 su porting r oler

4 rub er strips

L

b

2 0 mm ± 1 mm

L

s

1 0 0mm ± 2 mm

Figure 2— Mounting of the test specimen

7 Proc edure

7.1 Measur ing w idth and thicknes of e ch specimen

The width shal be det ermined as the arithmetic mean of at leas thr e in ivid al measur ment

The thicknes shal be det ermined as the arithmetic mean of at leas four individ al measur ment

t o the near s 0,0 mm The measur d p sitions shal le out ide the two ben ing rol e s, t o avoid

dama ing the t es surfac , an shal be taken from both en s of the spe imen In the case of spe imens

with one or two ornamental surfac s, both the plat e thick es an cor thick es shal be measur d

The a e ag e is taken from al these measur d v lues

Alt ernatively, the thick es shal be det ermined from at leas four fra ment taken from the ar a

betwe n the ben ing role s aft er fractur , if the fractur patt ern makes this feasible

7.2 Bending test

The spe imen shal be mou t ed as shown in Figur 2 Strips of rub e , 3 mm thick an of hard es

(40 ± 1 ) IRHD ( in ac ordanc with ISO 48), shal be plac d betwe n the spe imen an the ben ing an

sup orting rol e s

The ben ing t es shal be car ied out at 2 ± 5) °C with the r lative h midity betwe n 40 % an 7 %

During the t es , the t empe atur shal be kept cons ant t o 1 °C in orde t o a oid the develo ment of

the mal s r s es

The spe imen shal be bent with a u iformly inc easing ben ing s r s at a rate of (2 ± 0,4 ) MPa/s

unti fai ur oc urs The ma imum lo d, F

ma , shal be measur d an the time tak en to r ach this lo d

shal be r corded

8 Evaluation

F or ev luation purp ses, only those spe imens shal be conside ed in w hich the origin of fractur les

betwe n the ben ing role s

The ben ing s r ngth, σ

b , shal be calculat ed in ac ordanc with F ormula (1) as fol ow s

F or a r ctangular c os se tion, w he e Z = B h

2

/ , an with the lo d a pled as shown in Figur 2, the

bending s r ngth is:

bG

= k

F

( -

L )

B h + 3

2 2

















(1)

The ben ing s r s , σ

bG , imp sed b the self-weight of the spe imen shal be calculat ed in ac ordanc

with F ormula (2)

bG

s

σ

ρ

=

g

h

3

4

2

(2)

8.2 Bending str eng th of the sur fac e area, edg es included

F or calculating the o e al ben ing s r ngth or eq iv lent ben ing s r ngth of the surfac ar a,

inclu ing the edg es, def ined b the ben ing role s, the v lue k = k

s

= 1 shal be used ( e ISO 1 8 -1)

8.3 Bending str eng th of the edg es

F or calculating the ben ing s r ngth or eq iv lent bending s r ngth of the fr e edg es of theglas , only

those spe imens w hich fractur from the edg e shal be taken int o conside ation

NOTE When some of the specimens do not bre k from the edg , the set of edg strength results is not a

true representation of the distribution of edg strengths T e edg strengths of those specimens which fracture

from the test surface can ot b det ermined but they are certainly higher than the me sured values of b n ing

strength of such specimens There are, however, statistical tech iq es which can make an alowance for the

u me sured edg strength of those specimens

The fact or k = k

e for use in F ormula (1) depen s on the defle tion of the spe imen at it c ntr The

c ntral defle tion, y, can be det ermined b dir ct measur ment or calculat ed with suff icient ac uracy

from F ormula (3):

y

h

=

F

EB h

L

+

3

4

4

−

















(3)

The a pro riat e v lue of k

e , for use in F ormula (1), shal be o tained from Figur 3, w hich gives the

v lue of k

e

as a fu ction of the v lue of y h ( e ISO 1 8 -1)

Figure 3— Dimensio les factor k

e

as a functio of y/h

9 Test repor t

The t es r p rt shal inclu e the fol owing information:

a) a r fe enc t o this p rt of ISO 1 88, i.e ISO 1 8 -3;

b) ty e an name of glas ;

c) pr -tr atment an surfac con ition of the t est ed spe imen surfac inclu ing the seq enc of

tr atment s ag es In the case of spe imens with one patt erned surfac , the surfac w hich is plac d

un e t ensie s r s (flat or patt erned side) shal be in icat ed;

d) desc iption of the edg e f inish an w hich wa up it was t est ed;

e) inhe ent s r s of the spe imen, annealed or pr s r s ed glas , inclu ing natur an , if p s ible,

degr e of pr s r s ing;

f) n mbe of spe imens;

g) for each spe imen, the folowing information:

1) thicknes , h, in mi lmetr s, t o thenear s 0,0 mm, in thecase of spe imens with flat surfac s;

ma imum thick es (plat e thick es ), minimum thick es (cor thick es ) an a e ag e

thicknes , h, in mi lmetr s, t o the near s 0,0 mm, in the case of spe imens with one or two

p tt erned surfac s;

3) o e al ben ing s r ngth, σ

b , or eq iv lent ben ing s r ngth, σ

beq , in MPa t o the near s

0,1MPa;

4 ) if desir d, edg e ben ing s r ngth, σ

b , or eq iv lent ben ing s r ngth, σ

beq , in MPa t o the

near s 0,1 MPa;

5) time t o br akag e in se onds t o the near s 1 s;

6) w hethe the spe imen broke from the edg e or the c ntral p rt (b dy) of the spe imen

No a e ag e of the measur d r sult shal be given;

h) n mbe of spe imens not broken in ac ordanc with Clause 8;

i) any deviation from thisp rt of ISO 1 8 w hich ma ha e afe t ed the r sult

Bibl og raphy

[1] ISO 1 2 3-1, Glas s in b idin — B as ic soda lme s ilc ate glas s produc ts — Part 1: De initio s a d

gene al p ys ic al a d mecha ic al pro erties