Lecture Software process improvement: Lesson 33 provide students with knowledge about: ISO/IEC 12207:2008; information technology software life cycle processes; international standards organization (ISO); international electrotechnical commission (IEC);... Please refer to the detailed content of the lecture!
Trang 1Information Technology Software Life Cycle
Processes ISO: International Standards Organization IEC: International Electrotechnical Commission
Lecture # 33
Trang 2• It was first introduced on August 1, 1995
Trang 3• The ISO 12207 standard establishes a process
of lifecycle for software, including processes and activities applied during the acquisition and configuration of the services of the system
• Each Process has a set of outcomes associated with it
Trang 4• This common language is established in the form of well defined processes
Trang 5• ISO/IEC 12207 also provides a process that can be employed for defining, controlling, and improving software life cycle processes
Trang 6• The structure of the standard was intended to
be conceived in a flexible, modular way so as
to be adaptable to the necessities of whoever uses it
• The standard is based on two basic principles: modularity and responsibility
Trang 7• Modularity means processes with minimum coupling and maximum cohesion
Trang 8• Responsibility means to establish a
responsibility for each process, facilitating the application of the standard in projects where many people can be legally involved
Trang 10• The support and organizational processes must exist independently of the organization and the project being executed
• The basic processes are instantiated according
to the situation
Trang 12• To help establish an environment of desired processes
Trang 16• To perform assessments that may be used to support organizational process improvement
Trang 17• System Context Processes
• Software Specific Processes
Trang 18• Each process of this standard is described in terms of the following attributes:
– The title conveys the scope of the process as a
whole
– The purpose describes the goals of performing the process
– The outcomes express the observable results
expected from the successful performance of the process
Trang 19– The activities are a list of actions that are used to achieve the outcomes
– The tasks are requirements, recommendations, or permissible actions intended to support the
achievement of the outcomes
Trang 20The Life Cycle Processes of
12207:2008
Trang 2112207:2008
Trang 23• If the Acquisition Process is invoked, it
provides the means for conducting business
with a supplier of products that are supplied for use as an operational system, of services in support of an operational system, or of
elements of a system being developed by a
project
Trang 24• If the Supply Process is invoked, it provides the means for conducting a project in which the result is a product or service that is
delivered to the acquirer
Trang 25Processes
• There are five organizational projectenabling processes
Trang 27Processes
• They are not intended to be a comprehensive set of business processes that enable
management of the organization's business
Trang 28• In this International Standard, the project has been chosen as the context for describing
processes concerned with planning,
assessment and control
• The principles related to these processes can
be applied in any area of an organization’s management
Trang 29• There are two categories of Project Processes
– Project Management Processes
– Project Support Processes
Trang 30• The Project Management Processes are used to establish and evolve project plans, to assess
Trang 32• Project Planning Process
• Project Assessment and Control Process
Trang 33• The Project Support Processes provide a
specific focused set of tasks for performing a specialized management objective
• They are all evident in the management of any undertaking, ranging from a complete
organization down to a single life cycle
process and its tasks
Trang 35• There are ten technical processes
Trang 38of those services and to dispose of the product when it is retired from service
Trang 39• The Technical Processes define the activities
that enable organizational and project functions
to optimize the benefits and reduce the risks that arise from technical decisions and actions
• These activities enable products and services to possess the timeliness and availability, the cost effectiveness, and the functionality, reliability,
Trang 40• They also enable products and services to conform to the expectations or legislated requirements of society, including health, safety, security and environmental factors
Trang 41• Software Implementation Processes
• Software Support Processes
• Software Reuse
Trang 42• The Software Implementation Processes are used to produce a specified system element
(software item) implemented in software
Trang 43• This process transforms specified behavior,
interfaces and implementation constraints into actions that create a system element
implemented as a software product or service, otherwise known as a “software item”
• This process results in a software item that
satisfies architectural design requirements
Trang 44• For the purpose of clear description, processes are sometimes decomposed into smaller pieces
• Some processes are decomposed into activities and/or lowerlevel processes. A lowerlevel
process is described when the decomposed
portion of the process itself satisfies the
criteria to be a process
Trang 45SubProcesses of Software Implementation Process
Trang 46Process
• The Software Requirements Analysis Process
in this International Standard is a lowerlevel process of the Software Implementation
Process
• The purpose of Software Requirements
Analysis Process is to establish the
requirements of the software elements of the system
Trang 47Process
• The Software Architectural Design Process in this International Standard is a lowerlevel
process of the Software Implementation
Process
• The purpose of the Software Architectural
Design Process is to provide a design for the software that implements and can be verified
Trang 48is sufficiently detailed to permit coding and
Trang 50• The Software Integration Process in this International Standard is a lowerlevel process of the Software
Implementation Process
• The purpose of the Software Integration Process is to combine the software units and software components, producing integrated software items, consistent with the software design, that demonstrate that the
functional and nonfunctional software requirements are satisfied on an equivalent or complete operational
Trang 51Process
• The Software Qualification Testing Process in this International Standard is a lowerlevel
Trang 52• The Software Support Processes provide a specific focused set of activities for
performing a specialized software process
• A supporting process assists the Software Implementation Process as an integral part with a distinct purpose, contributing to the success and quality of the software project. There are eight of these processes
Trang 54• The Software Reuse Process Group consists of three processes that support an organization’s ability to reuse software items across project boundaries
• These processes are unique because, by their nature, they operate outside the bounds of any particular project
Trang 55• Domain Engineering Process
• Reuse Asset Management Process
• Reuse Program Management Process
Trang 56• This International Standard allows tailoring of processes in certain situations and supports
tailoring process
Trang 58• The purpose of the Tailoring Process is to adapt the processes of this International Standard to satisfy
Trang 59• It should be noted that tailoring may diminish the perceived value of a claim of conformance
Trang 61Summary
Trang 62• System and Software Engineering – Software
Life Cycle Processes sponsored by Software &
Systems Engineering Standards Committee of the IEEE Computer Society (.pdf file)