16, DauvaHpc — — ^^GAV flA\ Dao tao nguon nhan lire chat lifcfng cao de tham gia phat trien kinh te tri thiTc DOAN TAT THANG PHAM HONG QUAN Hpe vien Chinh trj Hd Ddng Hd Ndi Vdo eudi the ky XX, mdl su[.]
Trang 116, DauvaHpc
— — ^^GAV flA\
Dao tao nguon nhan lire chat lifcfng cao
de tham gia phat trien kinh te tri thiTc
D O A N TAT T H A N G - PHAM HONG QUAN
Hpe vien Chinh trj - Hd Ddng - Hd Ndi
Vdo eudi the ky XX, mdl su kien ndi bal da xuat
hidn trong qud trinh phdt triln kinh te t h i gidi, Dd
Id sy ra ddi eua mdl ngdnh mdi, lay thdng tin,
khoa hgc - ky thual cao lam ehu dgo, da day tdi mdt cude
each mgng ehUa ldng cd trong ITnh vyc kinh te Trong
trye tiep Ihue day kinh te, ma edn md ra thdi dgi kinh t l
Idn khdng gi ngan can noi cua thdi dgi Xa hdi KTTT la
cude dp sQc v i In thQc mang tinh loan cau v i long IQpng
tri IhQc, td chat nhdn tdi vd thyc lye khoa hgc ky thual " 6
gdc dp ly thuyel, tri thQc la ngudn lai san lay khdng h i t ,
dung khdng cgn, la vdt thay the cudi eung, da trd thanh
ngudn tai nguyen eudi cung etia etia cdi Tri IhQe la nhdn
td tang Irudng kmh te then chdl Irong t h i ky XXI"
KTTT ra ddi vd phdt tnen gdn l i i n vdi sy phal trien
mgnh me cua cae edng nghe cao va sy Qng dyng rdng rdi
vdi higu qud cQc ky lo Idn cua nhQng cdng nghe ay vdo
ddi song kmh l l xa hdi (KTXH), Su xuat hign cua KTTT
ra ca cO hdi va thach IhQc Idn ddi vdi mgl qude gia - trong
dd cd Vigt Nam Iren con dudng phdt trien cua minh KTTT
Id chiec chia khod vang giup cac nude dang phal trien
vQon len bang Irl lug cua minh de trdnh lyt hau va bat kjp
se giup cdc nudc dd lao lap duge nen lang tri IhQc rieng,
bang chinh sUe lyc eua hp d l khdng bj Ig thugc vdo cac
nude cdng nghigp phdt tnen, Trong cac yeu id ngi lyc can
dupe phdt huy npi lye ve tri tup dupe coi Id yeu Id quan
trpng hdng dau
Sang sy mdn cam chfnh trj ctia minh, ngay Id Dgi hpi
lan IhQ IX Ddng la da nhan djnh: 'The ky XXI se tiep tyc
ed nhiiu bien doi Khoa hpe vd cdng nghd se ed bude
t i l n nhdy vgt Kinh t i Iri thUe ed vai trd ngay cang ndi bgt
trong qud trinh phdt trien lyc lugng sdn xuat" Do dd:
can vd ed t h i rut ngdn thdi gian so vdi cdc nudc di trudc,
vQa cd nhQng bQdc tuan ty, vQa cd bUdc nhdy vgt Phdt
huy nhQng Ipi I h l ctia dat nude, tdn dyng mgi khd ndng
thdng lin vd cdng nghe sinh hpe, tranh thiJ Qng dyng
nhQng Ihdnh tyu mdi ve khoa hgc vd cdng ngh#, tt/ng budc phdt trien kinh le tri IhQe" Tdi Dgi hgi XI, Ddng ta
le tri thQc, vQOn len trinh dp lien lien cCia I h l gidl"
Chu truong phdt trien KTTT d nude la li mdt chuyin
biin chiin lUdc trgng dai: chuyen n i n kinh t l IQ dya vdo
tai nguyen sang dya ehu yeu vao tri thQc vd nang lye
nhQng higu qud vd eung lo Idn vd lodn dign: Iryc tilp ndng eao trinh dd phdi I n i n cCia n l n KTXH vd eCia iyc lugng sdn xual, rut ngdn qua Irinh CNH, HDH, dua nUdc
ta phdt trien nhanh, dn djnh vd b i n vQng Song tat cd se ehl la t i i m nang neu khdng biet coi trgng sQ dyng ding
de bien cdc t i l m ndng thdnh hidn thyc De hi^n thye hda chti truong phat trien KTTT ddi hdi nudc la phdi nhanh ehdng tao dyng ddng bd cdc yeu td ciia KTTT nhu khuyin eao ctia Vien Ngan hdng t h i gidl (WBl): "Mdt quic gla
bdn try cgt: 1 ngudn nhdn lyc c h i t lugng cao, ndng dgng vd sang tgo; 2 hg thdng sdng tgo hldu qud; 3 cd
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thtJc xd hdi Id ngutfn lyc co bdn, q u y l t djnh n h l t cCia phdt
t r i l n KTTT; gido dgc vd ddo tgo Id con dudng dan d i n
ra nhifng thdch thQc ddi vdi n l n sdn xult edn 6 trinh dd
thip, chat lugng ngudn nhdn lyc ehua cao, ft khd nang
ddi vdi gido dye vd dao tgo Ddo tgo nhdn IQc khdng eh?
trang bj tri thQc hdn Idm ma phdi hudng tdi phye vy nen
KTTT Mudn cd n l n KTTT Ihl khdng the khdng coi trgng
sdn xult tri IhQc Nhu vay, ddo tgo nhdn lye chat lugng
tdn dyng dupe thdi ed, khdng cd ddi ngu nhdn iQc sdn
sinh tri IhQe thi ede nQdc ngheo vdn da ngheo cdn^ trd
nen ngheo khd them
Tham nhuan sdu sac nhQng van de ed bdn tren, trong
Chien iQpe phdt trien kinh le • xa hpi 2011 - 2020 Ddng la
da khSng djnh "Phdt trien vd nang cao chat lugng ngudn
ddt phd ehien lupc, Id yeu td quyet djnh d l y mgnh phdi
trien va Qng dyng khoa hgc, cdng nghd, eo cau Igi n i n
cgnh trgnh quan trpng nhat, bdo dam cho phdt trien nhanh,
hldu qud, b i n vQng, Thye hidn ede chuong trinh, de an
vyc ehij yeu, mui nhpn Chu trgng phdt hidn, bdi dudng,
Iri IhQc" Sy nghidp phdl trien KTTT chf gidnh dugc nhQng
thing Igl khi chdng la b i l l khai thdc hpp ly vd sQ dyng
quylt djnh nhlt, dSm bdo cho sy thang Igi cua qua trinh
lye c h i t lugng cao D l dao tgo dupe ngudn nhdn lyc chat
lupng cao, thyc hidn budc ddt phd trong truyin ba, sQ
dyng vd sdng tgo tri IhQe mdi can tap trung vdo nhQng
v i n d l CO bdn sau:
Trudc hit, phii "doi mdi cin bin vi toin dign giio dgc
vi dio tgo" theo hudng tien tiin, hign dgi dgt tieu ehuan
chit lugng quic ti
N l u ngudn lye con ngudi Id ddng lye trye tiep etia sy
phdt triln, Ihl gido dye vd ddo tgo Id nen tdng cua chien
luge con ngudi Gido dye vd ddo tgo phdi dupc coi la
sy phdt triln KTXH - dgc bigt Id vdi phdl Irien KTTT, Do
duge coi Id "ddt phd khau", bdi nd hudng ldi vigc dao tgo,
bdi dudng vd phdl huy nguln nhdn lyc chat lupng cao
cho qud trinh tdi eP eau n l n kinh t l , ldng igi t h i egnh
tranh, bdo ddm phdt t r i l n nhanh, hldu qud, b i n vQng
KTXH, phyc vy trye l i l p eho phdt t n l n KTTT
Dii mdi cin bin giio dgc vi dio tgo de "Phdt trien
nhanh ngudn nhdn lyc, nhlt Id ngudn nhdn lyc chat lugng
eon ngudi ed phim c h i t tfil, trinh dd cao, cd trdch nhi^m
vdi xd hdi ed lUduy ddc Idp, ndng lyc sdng tgo nang lyc
mdi vdo thye t i l n D l d l i mdi cdn bdn, lodn didn gido
dgc vd ddo tgo, phdl:
vi ky ning cda ngudi hgc, thtfc hiin dio tao theo nhu ciu
xa hdi
Ydu c l u cOa n l n KTTT Idm thay ddi quan ni^m v l chat lugng giao due vd ky ndng eua ngydi hpe Chat lugng gido dye vd dao tgo Id chia khda de phat trien ngudn nhdn lye chat lugng eao Do dd, ngay IQ gido dye phd
nhu doe, viet, linh loan vd ed kien thQc tin hpe eO sd; cd ndnglyethdng tin nhu sQdyng ngdn ngQ de thuong lugng, Ihuyet phyc, hudng din" tu van; ed tu duy linh hogt nhu phan tich, nhdn dinh tinh hudng, giai quyet van d l , thyc
b i l l each tim k i l m , tdp hgp, phan lieh va to chQc thdng
IhQc thich Qng,, NhQng ky nang cP ban ay cdng Ihem vdi ddng iQc vd Idng quyet ldm Id nhQng dUc linh can t h i l l
de con ngQdi tham gia vdo nen KTTT, Neu giao due tieu hpe vd trung hge giiip nang cao dan tri, van dyng ky thual vdo san xuat, tang nang s u i t
lye hpe len bde eao hon vd de cd nang lye hpe tdp sudt
eac ngdnh kinh te chu lyc, Id nen lang tgo ra tri thUc cho mdl xa hdi thdng lin, Mpt sd nUdc du da phdl trien cao ve cdng nghg, nhung v i n dau lu nhieu d l ed dugc n i n giao dye lien l i i n va nhQng Irung lam nghien cQu lam cd de
tudng va eung cap nhieu chuyen gia hang dau the gidi, Dieu ehinh co eau giao dye vd dao tgo cho phu hpp vdi qua trinh phat trien KTXH, nhanh ehdng khlc phyc tinh trang mat can ddi nghiem Irpng giQa cdc ngdnh nghe
vd glQa cac cap dao tgo hign nay TQ nhu cau thye tien etia nen KTXH va cQa tdng nganh, ITnh vyc de nghien cQu, xac Idp md hinh, myc lieu giao dye vd dao tgo vdi nhQng lieu chi cu the Ihiet thye, phyc vy ddc lyc eho sy nghigp phdt trien KTTT dudi sy lanh dgo cua Ddng,
Thd hai, phii nang cao chat iugng giao due vi dio tgo dtatci eac bac hoc Trong dd, budc quan trpng dau tien
Id phai ed sy ddi mdi ca v i myc lieu, chUdng trinh vd phuong phdp dgy hgc IQ bae pho thdng den dgi hpe nham dam bao cung cap eho ngudi hpe nhOng kiin IhQe CO bdn lam nen ldng eho hogl ddng thyc t i l n sau ndy, PhUOng phdp dgy hpe phai xua't phat IQ mye tieu ddo lao, gdn vdi ngi dung va phu hgp vdi dieu kien etia hge sinh; ren luydn
va lao dieu kien cho hgc sinh bieu dgt van d l theo quan diem vd each nhin ctia minh lao thdi quen suy nghT ddc lap cho ngudi hpe, TU bd edeh dgy hpe thy dpng, dp ddt; chu trpng vdo phal tnen tri tug, bdi dudng ky nang nghidp
vy, ldc phong cdng nghigp Phai ddi mdi co bdn chlnh sdeh tai ehlnh, cd chfnh sdeh dau tu hpp ly va sQ dyng ed
thdi, hodn thign mgng ludi gido dye tren todn qude, ehu
dan tgc thieu sd
Thd ba, chuan hoa ddi ngu giio vien ddm bdo sy k i t
hgp chdt che giQa kien IhQe chuyen mdn vdi phuong phdp
tu duy khoa hge,- Cdc cO quan qudn \y gido due, trudc h i t
Trang 318, SO 4-2013 Dmfv^Hfc
khai chu^n hod gido vidn cd v l sd lugng vd ehat lugng
Xdy dyng ddi ngu gido vien dQ d i i u kign ddp Qng dugc
y l u c5u gidng dgy de ddo luy#n nhQng con ngQdi phat
ciia KTTT, phdn cdng lai luc lugng giao vien theo cac
vOng mien eho phu hgp, cd ehinh sach uu dai ddi vdi gido
vien edng ldc d nhQng vung khd khan va nhQng giang
vidn - chuyen gia Irong cdc ITnh vyc mui nhpn then chdt
cQa n l n kinh le Ddng thdi, Nha nude can ed sQ dau IQ
thoa dang nhdm hodn thien co sd vgt chat phyc vy edng
tdc giang day, hgc tap vd nghien cQu 6 ede nha trUdng
Thd tu, chuan hoi chUdng trinh va giao trinh dao tao
ddm bao phu hgp vdi yeu eau cua thye l i l n xa hgi, xde
gia ed trinh dp cao eho phdt trien KTTT, Ndi dung gidng
dgy can dgt tdi sy can ddi giQa ly thuyel vd thuc hanh,
nhQng van d i bQc xue cua dat nudc, can ehu y tdi yeu td
ky nang, ky thual, cdng nghe va thyc nghiem de cung
chuyen gia cdng nghe, nhQng nhd quan \y cd kha ndng
sang lao vd lam chu tri thdc hien dai, hod nhip dUpc vdi
linh cP ddng cao, de thich Qng vdi nhQng chuyen bien
nhanh ehdng vd sau rdng cua KTTT, ctia thj IrQdng viec
Idm, thi Irudng sde lao dgng Chu trpng dao igo ngudn
nhdn iQc chat lupng cao cho cdc Unh vuc trpng diem, ddt
pha de phdt trien KTTT, Khac phyc linh trang phien dien,
chi gioi v l ly ihuyel nhung Igi kem v l thue hanh - mpl
thye te khd pho bien md sinh vien nudc la dang mac
phdi,
Thd nim doi mdi cdng lac quin ly giao due va dao tao
mdt each cd bin, toan dien ea ve lU duy lan phUPng IhUe
quan ly theo hudng nang cao hieu qua quan fy nhd nudc
ve gido dye va dao tgo Tap trung vdo qudn ly ngi dung
kiem tra thanh tra ddi vdi eac eo sd gido dye va ddo tgo
Nha nudc can giao quyen IQ chu hOn nQa cho cdc trQdng
ddo tgo, hgp tde qude le vd nghien cQu khoa hpe De
giao dye phat Irien lot, can cd mdi trudng xa hdi thudn
hien Thiet lap he thong hge lap sudt ddi, nhanh ehdng
hinh thdnh xa hpi hpe lap Xd hdi hda giao dye phai di
ddi vdi ehinh sdeh hd trg vd kiem tra etia Nha nude, phdi
ed he thong kiem djnh ehat lupng
Ding thdi, phii ting cudng dao tgo nguon nhin Itfc
chit lugng cao d nudc ngoii dichd ddng tham gia nen
kinh ti tri thdc
Cdng tdc ddo tgo ngudn nhdn lyc d nudc ngodi Id bd
ph$n eau thdnh cua hg thdng ddo tgo nhan lyc eua nudc
cdn rat Idn Neu chung la mong mudn dat trinh do nhu
Han Qud'c d thdi ky each day 20 nam bat dau edng nghiep
hod Ihl phdi tdng sd nhan lyc chat lupng cao len gap 5
vye giao dye vd ddo tgo vdi ede nude ed n i n gido dye
phdt triln
nhU: Md rdng hgp tac quoc t l , ti^p c$n n l n gIdo dgc tiSn
cac trudng chat lugng eao theo tieu chu^n qu6c t l vd tgo
Irudng ddo tgo tgi Vigt Nam CQ ddng dao sinh vien, giang vien, eac nha khoa hge di hpe tap, thyc tgp 6 cdc nUdc lien lien bdng ngan sach nhd nUde vd hgc blng vien trg, tap trung vao nhQng ITnh vyc Uu tidn phdt trien
nghe thdng lin, cdng nghe sinh hpe, edng nghg nand ); khuyen khieh vd tgo d i i u ki^n cho hgc sinh du hpe ty tue; lang cudng id ehUe cac chuong trinh dao tgo ky su id ndng chdl lugng cao
Cung ci vi hoin thien hi thing vin bin phip quy
theo hudng tgo hdnh lang md cho cdc tdc nhan tham gia
chuong trinh hpe bong, Khuyen khich hinh thQc du hge ty luc nhung can cd sy quan ly vT md de djnh hudng va tgo ihiel ehe dam bao chat lugng sau khi dao tgo, dam bdo
etia ngudl du hgc d eac trUdng chat lugng khdng cao Phai ed ehinh sdeh hpp ly gan bdi dudng, ddo tgo vdi
sQ dung de tranh lang phi, k h l c phye linh trgng "chiy
miu chat xam" Can nhin nhan Igi van d i sQdyng ngudn
nhdn lue chat lupng eao nhU the ndo de l i l p cdn nen KTTT - nen kinh te chti yeu dya vdo khoa hgc vd tri thdc, Phdt trien KTTT, rut ngdn qua trinh CNH, HDH va hpi nhdp qude te ddi hdi phai ed ngudn nhdn lyc chat lUpng
pham dti sQe egnh tranh tren thQOng trQdng khu vyc vd
linh den
Hien tai, nude la da lyt hdu kha xa so vdi tdc dd va Ihdnh IQu ehung ctia nhan logi Trong nhQng ndm tdi,
dl vao nen KTTT de day KTXH phat trien nhanh, hi$u qua vd ben vQng Van dyng KTTT la d l tgo ra sy bdt phd manh me, day y nghTa eho sy phat t r i l n cCia dat nUdc De lam dugc d i i u do, van d l trgng tdm hang ddu Id doi mdi
vd phal tnen loan dien gido dye vd dao tgo, tdp trung phdl trien ngudn nhan lyc chat lugng cao, dgc bi§t Id dpi ngu can bd lanh dgo quan ly, dpi ngu can bd khoa hgc
ddng lanh nghe - nhdn id quan trpng, q u y i t djnh sQ thdnh edng etia ehQ irupng phal trien KTTT d nudc ta