Tài liệu Module 2: Configuring Web and FTP Sites doc

Configuring Properties Changing Master Properties Using Property Inheritance Modifying Properties for IIS Objects Configuring an FTP Site Assigning Web Site Operators **************

Contents

Overview 1

Creating Custom Error Messages 16

Lab A: Creating and Configuring

Review 30

Module 2: Configuring Web and FTP Sites

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Instructor Notes

This module provides students with the knowledge and skills to create and configure Microsoft® Internet Information Services (IIS) 5.0 Web and File Transfer Protocol (FTP) sites The module consists of lecture, class discussion, and hands-on labs

After completing this module, students will be able to:

Configure and modify the master properties

Create and configure additional Web and FTP sites

Create virtual directories

Redirect requests to another directory or program

Create custom error messages

Materials and Preparation

This section provides the materials and preparation tasks that you need to teach this module

Required Materials

To teach this module, you need the Microsoft PowerPoint® file 2295A_02.ppt

Preparation Tasks

To prepare for this module, you should:

Read all of the materials for this module

Complete the lab

Presentation:

30 Minutes

Lab:

45 Minutes

Instructor Setup for a Lab

This section provides setup instructions that are required to prepare the instructor computer or classroom configuration for a lab

Lab A: Creating and Configuring Additional Web and FTP Sites

To prepare for the lab

1 Read the module

2 Complete the labs from Module 1

Module Strategy

Use the following strategy to present this module:

Configuring Properties Explain how to configure and manage properties in general Specific properties that require extensive explanation, such as security properties, are covered in other modules Explain the relationship between master

properties and object properties, particularly how inheritance can be used to manage properties

Creating Additional Sites Discuss the methods for hosting multiple sites on a single server Mention that the host header method cannot be used for FTP sites

Creating Virtual Directories Explain how virtual directories can be used to create an extensive Web site without requiring that all content be stored on the Web server

Redirecting Requests Explain when it is useful to redirect requests Demonstrate the procedure

Creating Custom Error Messages Discuss the purpose of error messages Show the location of the IIS error messages and demonstrate how to edit them

Customization Information

This section identifies the lab setup requirements for a module and the configuration changes that occur on student computers during the labs This information is provided to assist you in replicating or customizing Microsoft Official Curriculum (MOC) courseware

The lab in this module is also dependent on the classroom configuration that is specified in the Customization Information section at the

end of the “Classroom Setup Guide” for Course 2295A, Implementing and

Supporting Microsoft Internet Information Services 5.0

Lab Setup

The following list describes the setup requirements for the lab in this module

Setup Requirement 1

The lab in this module requires the FTP service To prepare student computers

to meet this requirement, perform one of the following actions:

• Complete Module 1, “Installing Internet Information Services 5.0,” in

Course 2295A, Implementing and Supporting Microsoft Internet

Information Services 5.0

– Or –

To install FTP

1 Open Control Panel

2 Double-click Add/Remove Programs

3 Click Add/Remove Windows Components

4 Click Internet Information Services (IIS), and then click Details

5 In the Internet Information Services (IIS) dialog box, select the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Server check box, and then click OK

6 Click Next, follow the on-screen instructions, and then click Finish

Important

Overview

Configuring Properties

Creating Additional Sites

Creating Virtual Directories

Redirecting Requests

Creating Custom Error Messages

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Each Web server contains a set of master properties that are applied to each Web site created on that Web server You can change the master properties so that your desired settings are used automatically whenever you create a Web site

You can create additional Web sites and virtual directories to form an efficient Web structure for your business needs To provide a more useful experience for clients who connect to your Web site, redirect requests as necessary and customize the error messages

After completing this module, you will be able to:

Configure and modify the master properties

Create and configure additional Web and File Transfer Protocol (FTP) sites

Create virtual directories

Redirect requests to another directory or program

Create custom error messages

In this module, you will learn

how to create and configure

Web and FTP sites

Configuring Properties

Changing Master Properties

Using Property Inheritance

Modifying Properties for IIS Objects

Configuring an FTP Site

Assigning Web Site Operators

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When you install Microsoft® Internet Information Services (IIS) 5.0, default values are assigned to the properties for the Web server, the Web and FTP sites, and all the folders and files within those sites You can use these default settings, or you can change them to suit your Web publishing needs You may

be able to provide better performance and improved security by making adjustments to the default settings

You can set master properties that are inherited by all sites, or you can set properties on an object such as an individual site, folder, or file Properties set

on an object override the master properties

This module explains some general configuration properties For more detailed information about setting properties, see the following modules in

Course 2295A, Implementing and Supporting Microsoft Internet Information

Services 5.0

For more information on See

Setting security properties Module 5, “Implementing Security on a

You can change the default

properties for a Web site

Explain to students that

specific properties, such as

security settings and

performance settings, are

explained in other modules

Note

Changing Master Properties

Master Properties

Default Web SiteHtmldocsDefault.htm

FTP Service WWW Service

Layout.cssGraphicsDefault FTP Site

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When you install IIS, your Web server is configured with default master properties Master properties apply to the Web and FTP sites on that server, and

to the folders and files within those sites When configuring your Web site, you can modify the master properties so that all the Web and FTP sites that you create inherit the appropriate settings

There are two sets of master properties: WWW service master properties, which apply to Web sites, and FTP service master properties, which apply to FTP sites The FTP service master properties are only available if you have installed the FTP service

To change the master properties:

1 Click Start, point to Programs, point to Administrative Tools, and then click Internet Services Manager

In Administrative Tools, the IIS console is called Internet Services Manager However, when you open the console, it is called Internet Information Services, also known as the IIS snap-in

2 In the IIS snap-in, right-click the Web server, and then click Properties

3 Under Master Properties, select WWW Service or FTP Service

4 Click Edit

5 Click Apply after you change a property

6 Click OK when you are finished

If you want information on a specific property or value, click Help on

the property sheet

Topic Objective

To explain the purpose of

master properties and how

to change them

Lead-in

When you install IIS, your

Web server is configured

with default master

properties

Delivery Tip

Demonstrate how to open

the WWW service and FTP

service master properties

Note

Using Property Inheritance

Properties on Higher Levels Inherited by Lower Levels

A Property Change at Site, Directory, or File Level Overrides the Master Property

For that level

For any lower levels that you select

List Values are Treated as a Single Property

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Master properties are inherited by all the sites that you create, and by the directories and files within those sites You can change properties at the site and directory levels for FTP sites, and also at the file level for Web sites Settings

on lower levels inherit the values from higher levels For example, a file inherits properties set at the directory level

Properties that you change at the site, directory, or file level override the master property When you change a property for an individual site, directory, or file, you can select which lower level objects should inherit the new property value Some properties have a value that takes the form of a list For example, the value of the default document can be a list of documents IIS treats the entire list as a single property When you change a list property and select to apply the change to lower level objects, the entire list for the lower level object is

replaced by the new list; lists are not merged

Topic Objective

To explain how properties

are inherited by IIS objects

Modifying Properties for IIS Objects

Default Web Site Properties

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Sites, directories, and files are all IIS objects that can have properties assigned

to them Each type of object is associated with those master properties that are applicable to that object type, and may also be associated with properties that are unique to that object type For example, content expiration is a master property that you can also set individually for a site, directory, or file In contrast, the home directory master property can only be set for a Web or FTP site

To set properties on an object:

1 In the IIS snap-in, right-click the site, directory, or file for which you want

to set properties, and then click Properties

2 Click Apply after you change a property

3 Click OK when you are finished

Changing the Home Directory

The local path for the home directory determines the location of the published content for a site By default, the home directory for the default Web site is C:\Inetpub\Wwwroot and the home directory for the default FTP site is C:\Inetpub\Ftproot

The home directory for the default Web site contains files with links to help files, administrative tools, and other resources It is considered a good security practice to locate the home directories of any additional Web sites that you create in a designated folder outside of the Wwwroot folder In addition, this folder should be located on a disk partition other than the one containing your system files This structure makes your Web sites easier to manage and provides extra security for them

Topic Objective

To explain how to change

properties for sites,

directories, and files

Lead-in

You can set properties on

sites, directories, and files

To change the home directory:

1 In the IIS snap-in, right-click the Web or FTP site for which you want to

change the home directory, and then click Properties

2 On the Home Directory tab, specify the location for the home directory

You can select from the following options:

• A directory located on a hard disk on your computer

• A shared directory located on another computer

• A redirection to a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) (for Web sites only)

3 Click OK

Assigning a Default Document

The default document is the file sent by your Web server when it receives a

request for a URL that does not specify a file name You can use a default document as a home page to provide users with an introduction to your Web site and navigation assistance

When you open the Documents property page, Default.asp and Default.htm are

listed by default for Web sites However, IIS 5.0 does not provide these files You can either create default documents that use these file names or add other document names to the default documents list

To add a default document:

1 In the IIS snap-in, right-click the Web site to which you want to add a

default document, and then click Properties

2 On the Documents tab, ensure that the Enable Default Document check box is selected, and then click Add

3 In the Default Document Name box, type in the name of the document that you want to add, and then click OK

When you assign multiple default documents, the Web server searches for the default document in the order that the names appear on the list The server returns the first document it finds To change the search order, select a document in the list of default documents, and then click the arrows to move the selected document up or down accordingly

Configuring an FTP Site

UNIX-style Listing

DOS-style Listing Welcome Message

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When you install IIS, a default FTP site is created Two properties you can configure that determine what a client will see when connecting to your FTP site are the directory listing style and the informational messages

Directory Listing Style

The directory listing style defines which format will be used when an FTP client sends a LIST operation: Microsoft MS-DOS® or UNIX The default directory listing style is MS-DOS

The MS-DOS directory listing style displays dates with a two-digit year by default The UNIX directory listing style displays dates with a four-digit year However, when the date of the file contains the current year, the year is not displayed The UNIX directory listing also displays file and folder permissions

To set the directory listing style of your FTP site:

1 In the IIS snap-in, right-click the FTP site for which you want to set the

directory listing style, and then click Properties

2 On the Home Directory tab, under Directory Listing Style, select either the UNIX or MS-DOS check box, and then click OK

Topic Objective

To explain how to configure

FTP-specific settings

Lead-in

For every FTP site, you

should configure the

directory listing style and

informational messages

Informational Messages

IIS allows you to specify three types of messages for users visiting your FTP site: a welcome message, an exit message, and a maximum connections message The welcome message greets users to the FTP site when they first log

on The exit message displays when users log off the site The maximum connections message informs a potential user that your site has reached the maximum number of allowable connections

To set the FTP welcome, exit, or maximum connections message:

1 In the IIS snap-in, right-click the FTP site for which you want to set a

message, and then click Properties

2 On the Messages tab, type the welcome, exit, or maximum connections messages into the Welcome, Exit, and Maximum Connections boxes, respectively, and then click OK

Assigning Web Site Operators

Administrator Account

All Web Sites Internet Information Services

Computer Hosting IIS

Web Site Operator Account

Web Site 1 Only

Web Site Operator Account

Web Site 2 Only

Web Site Operator Account

Web Site 3 Only

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Only Administrators can administer Web sites If you want to distribute administrative tasks to other users without giving them Administrator access, add them as Web site operators Web site operators are Windows user accounts that have limited administration privileges on a Web site Operators can administer properties that affect only their respective sites

Each operator can act as the site administrator for his or her particular Web site and can change or reconfigure the site as necessary For example, the operator can set Web site access permissions, enable logging, change the default document, set content expiration, and enable content ratings features

Web site operators do not have access to properties that affect IIS, the Windows server computer hosting IIS, or the network For example, operators are not permitted to change the identification of Web sites, configure the anonymous user name or password, throttle bandwidth, create virtual directories or change their paths, or change application isolation In addition, operators are unable to remotely browse the file system and therefore cannot set properties on

directories and files unless a Universal Naming Convention (UNC) path is used

Topic Objective

To explain how to add

operators to a Web site

To add a Web site operator:

1 In the IIS snap-in, right-click the Web site to which you want to add an

operator, and then click Properties

2 On the Operators tab, under Web Site Operator, click Add

3 In the Select Users or Groups dialog box, in the Name list, click the user

or group that you want to add, click Add, and then click OK

To remove a Web site operator:

1 In the IIS snap-in, right-click the Web site from which you want to remove

an operator, and then click Properties

2 On the Operators tab, in the Operators box, select the user or group that you want to remove, and then click Remove

Creating Additional Sites

Web Site 1

Web Site 2

Web Site 3

Append Port Numbers

Append Port Numbers Addresses Multiple IP

Multiple IP Addresses Host Headers

1051 192.168.8.255 http://production192.168.8.255 http://production 192.168.114.10http://production192.168.114.10http://production

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You can create multiple Web and FTP sites on a single computer Each site must have a unique identification

Identifying Multiple Sites

With IIS, you can identify your sites in one of three ways

You can assign one Internet Protocol (IP) address to many sites by using appended port numbers Clients must type in the URL or the IP address for the Web site, followed by a colon and the port number, to reach your site For example, a user would type http://london.nwtraders.msft:1596 or http://192.168.1.1:1596 where 1596 is the port number In addition, if your network or the client’s network uses a firewall

or proxy server, the firewall or proxy server must be configured to permit traffic through those port numbers

You can differentiate between multiple Web sites

by assigning to each site one or more unique IP addresses to which the site will respond You must add the host name and its corresponding IP address to the Domain Name Service (DNS) server that is authoritative for your domain

Topic Objective

To explain how to add sites

to an IIS server

Lead-in

You can host multiple Web

and FTP sites on an IIS

server

Use a single IP address with appended port numbers

Use multiple IP addresses

You can differentiate between multiple sites that respond to the same IP address

by using host headers In this method, IIS examines the URL passed in the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) header from the client to determine which site is being requested This method is not available for FTP sites or sites that use Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)

Only browsers compatible with the HTTP 1.1 protocol, such as Microsoft Internet Explorer version 3.0 and later and Netscape Navigator 2.0 and later, support host headers

You can combine the methods of identifying multiple Web sites For example, you can have two IP addresses on a server and 20 Web sites, with 10 host header sites on each IP address

Adding a New Site

You can add as many new sites to your computer as you need

To add a new site:

1 In the IIS snap-in, right-click the computer, click New, and then click Web Site or FTP Site

The Web Site Creation Wizard or FTP Site Creation Wizard starts

2 Follow the on-screen directions to assign identification information to your new site You must provide the port number and the home directory path If you are adding additional sites to a single IP address by using host headers, you must assign a host header name

In the IP address property, All Unassigned refers to IP addresses that are

assigned to a computer but not assigned to a specific site When a Web site

is configured to use all unassigned for an IP address, it uses all of the IP addresses that are not assigned to other sites

Assigning a Host Header Name

The host header name is the name that you want the Web site to respond to Users can connect to your site by typing the host header name in the address bar

of their browsers For example, to connect to www.xyz.com, type in www.xyz.com, not the computer name or xyz.com

Typically, you will create two host header entries for your site to make your Web site more accessible to customers, for example, one for xyz.com and one for www.xyz.com You can have a site respond to many names using this technique Ask your system administrator to add the new site name mapping for your static IP address to the DNS server

To assign a host header name:

1 In the IIS snap-in, right-click the Web site to which you want to add a host

header name, and then click Properties

2 On the Web Site tab, click Advanced

3 On the Advanced Multiple Web Site Configuration dialog box, under Multiple identities for this Web site, click Add to assign a host header

name, IP address, and port for a Web site

Use a single static IP address with host header names (Web sites only)

Note

Delivery Tip

Demonstrate how to add a

host header to a Web site

Creating Virtual Directories

C:\Sales C:\Sales\Quotes

\\Server2\Customers

\\Server2\PR C:\Sales\Orders

Sales Customers Orders PR Quotes

Virtual directories

http://sales http://sales/quotes http://sales/orders http://sales/customers http://sales/pr

Physical Location Virtual Location

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A virtual directory is a directory that points to another directory on either your

computer or another computer When you want to publish content that does not reside in your home directory, use a virtual directory You can also use virtual directories to organize your site content and to specify different URLs for different parts of your site

A virtual directory has an alias, a name that Web browsers use to access that directory Aliases provide benefits for you and for your users An alias is usually shorter than the path name of the directory, so it is more convenient for users to type An alias is also more secure; users do not know where your files are physically located Finally, aliases make it easier for you to move

directories in your site Rather than changing the URL for the directory, you change the mapping between the alias and the physical location of the directory

To create a virtual directory:

1 In the IIS snap-in, right-click the Web or FTP site to which you want to add

a virtual directory

2 Point to New, and then click Virtual Directory

3 Use the Virtual Directory Creation Wizard to assign an alias, specify the path, and set permissions

To delete a virtual directory, right-click the virtual directory that you want to

delete, and then click Delete Deleting a virtual directory does not delete the

corresponding physical directory or files

Topic Objective

To explain how to create

virtual directories in a site

Lead-in

You can publish content that

does not reside in your

home directory by using

virtual directories

Delivery Tip

Point out the difference

between the icons for

directories and virtual

directories