Tài liệu Module 2: Planning a Data Center Environment docx

Contents Overview 1 Identifying the Data Center Environment 2 Identifying Technology Considerations 12 Microsoft Operations Framework: People, Lab A: Planning a Data Center Environm

Contents

Overview 1

Identifying the Data Center Environment 2

Identifying Technology Considerations 12

Microsoft Operations Framework: People,

Lab A: Planning a Data Center

Environment 17

Review 19

Module 2: Planning a Data Center Environment

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After completing this module, students will be able to:

Identify the data center environment

Identify people considerations for managing a data center environment

Identify process considerations for managing a data center environment

Identify technology considerations for a data center environment

Identify facility considerations for a data center environment

Describe Microsoft® Operations Framework concepts and how they apply to

a data center environment

Materials and Preparation

This section provides the materials and preparation tasks that you need to teach this module

Required Materials

To teach this module, you need the following materials:

Microsoft PowerPoint® file 2089a_02.ppt

Module 2, “Planning a Data Center Environment”

Appendix A: Checklist 1 – Planning a Data Center Environment

Preparation Tasks

To prepare for this module, you should:

Read all of the materials for this module

Complete the lab

Read the following white papers about Microsoft Operations Framework They are on the Trainer Materials and Student Materials compact discs:

• Executive Overview

• Team Model for Operations

• Process Model for Operations

• Best Practices in Change, Configuration and Problem Management

Presentation:

30 Minutes

Lab:

30 Minutes

iv Module 2: Planning a Data Center Environment

Module Strategy

If you did not teach Module 1, “Introducing Windows 2000

Datacenter Server” in course 2089A, Planning a Windows 2000 Datacenter

Server Environment, be sure to define the difference between Microsoft

Windows® 2000 Datacenter Server and the data center environment during the Overview slide before you teach this module

Use the following strategy to present this module:

Identifying the Data Center Environment This topic provides an opportunity to introduce how a data center environment is more than just the technology Explain how a data center environment is a conglomeration of components that include people, processes, technology, and facilities The slide in this section introduces the concept of the data center environment as a whole The slides that follow detail each of the four components of the data center environment

Identifying People Considerations This topic provides an opportunity to identify the people considerations that have an impact on planning for a data center environment The staff that works directly with the systems, as well as the organization’s culture, can significantly affect the availability and reliability of a data center

environment Reinforce this topic by encouraging stories from your participants about how people issues prevented or caused system problems This could include a discussion about effective and ineffective

communication

Identifying Data Center Processes This topic provides an opportunity to identify the process considerations that have an impact on planning for a highly reliable and available data center environment The most prevalent cause of unplanned downtime is when system changes are made without careful planning and deliberate justification Implementing effective processes can eliminate these concerns Discuss process issues such as analysis, change management,

documentation, and security Reinforce this topic by inviting participants to share effective processes that they use You may want to also provide handouts showing samples of how these processes are used in real-world situations

Identifying Technology Considerations This topic provides an opportunity to identify the technology considerations that have an impact on planning for a highly reliable and available data center environment Focus on the relationship between system components Discuss the importance of knowing how applications will function on the server as well as with the operating system and other applications

Identifying Facility Considerations This topic provides an opportunity to identify the facility considerations that have an impact on planning for a highly reliable and available data center environment Discuss issues such as the physical manageability of the facility, the physical impediments to availability, and the physical security

of the location Reinforce this topic by encouraging students to tell stories about how facility issues caused system problems such as unplanned downtime Discuss how these problems can be prevented with planning

Important

Microsoft Operations Framework: People, Process, and Technology This topic provides a brief introduction to Microsoft Operations Framework (MOF) Briefly discuss the MOF process model and team model For more information about Microsoft Operations Framework, refer students to the white papers on the Student Materials compact disc

Lab A: Planning a Data Center Environment This lab gives students an opportunity to apply the planning considerations that were identified throughout Module 2 Arrange students in small teams and have them review a scenario that involves facilities, processes, people, and technology Each team identifies the point of failure in one or more of these areas and then discusses how they could have prevented it

Overview

Technology

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Microsoft® Windows® 2000 Datacenter Server is one of the many components

of a data center environment It is important to consider the entire data center when creating a highly available and reliable environment; implementing a data center environment is different from implementing other environments, such as server rooms or desktop computing infrastructures

This module identifies the components that make up the data center environment, and discusses how each component significantly contributes to the whole

This module then briefly introduces Microsoft Operations Framework and provides technical guidance for achieving mission-critical production system reliability, availability, supportability, and manageability on Microsoft products and technologies

After completing this module, you will be able to:

Identify the data center environment

Identify people considerations for managing a data center environment

Identify process considerations for managing a data center environment

Identify technology considerations for a data center environment

Identify facility considerations for a data center environment

Describe Microsoft Operations Framework concepts and how they apply to

a data center environment

In this module, you will learn

about components that

make up the data center

environment and discuss

how each component

contributes to the

environment

2 Module 2: Planning a Data Center Environment

Identifying the Data Center Environment

Pe op le

Technology

Pro ces s

Facility

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A data center is a computing facility and a set of management processes that maintain mission-critical requirements in your organization It is not simply a server or group of servers providing an extremely high level of availability Rather, a data center must be treated as a conglomeration of components joined together in a whole A data center’s components do not include just technology but also people, processes, and facilities Even if you install the most reliable technology, you can only obtain the highest level of reliability that the technology has to offer if you have the right team of people correctly managing

a carefully designed process

The components of a data center environment include:

Management, operations, and support staff, as well as a corporate culture that manages the data center environment as a whole

Clearly defined processes that detail security, analysis, change management and documentation

Technology that emphasizes quality hardware and software, standardized configuration, and testing

Manageable, available, and secure facilities

Topic Objective

To identify the data center

environment

Lead-in

A data center is a computing

facility and management

processes that maintain

mission-critical requirements

in your organization

This slide provides an

opportunity to introduce how

a data center environment is

more than just the

technology For a data

center environment to be

successful, the students

must also put equal

attention on people,

processes, and facilities

Each of the items in the

bulleted list will be covered

in detail throughout the

module

Identifying People Considerations

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The importance of people extends beyond those working directly with the data center The culture of the organization must also support a data center that provides high availability and reliability

Management, Operations, and Support Staff

The people who manage and operate the data center must understand the processes and technology and must be dedicated to preserving the integrity of the data center Personnel must be highly trained, disciplined, and dedicated to the special concerns of the data center, and it is important that the organization ensures that data center staff has redundant skills

Corporate Culture

Even if your data center has the highest quality technology, people, and processes, the entire operation will not work unless your organization has a data center culture A company that has a data center culture treats the data center as more than just a collection of individual parts under the name of data center

It is important to manage the data center as a whole Consider the impact of decisions on all parts of the data center Avoid focusing exclusively on technical concerns by also considering impacts to the people, processes, and facility

The data center culture is not limited to the staff of the data center, but must be

a commitment to availability that goes all the way to the executive support level After a process has been accepted and engaged, an executive who requests that something be added to the data center cannot circumvent it

Executive commitment ensures the integrity of the processes and provides the stability required to achieve the goals of the data center

Topic Objective

To identify the human

resource considerations for

the data center

Lead-in

The importance of people

extends beyond those

working directly with the

data center

4 Module 2: Planning a Data Center Environment

Identifying Data Center Processes

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The most prevalent cause of unplanned downtime is that someone makes an untested change to a server and that change causes an issue To maintain high availability in the data center, all changes must be strictly controlled And the best way to control changes is by implementing unchangeable processes that describe every aspect of the data center Processes need to be strictly enforced, difficult to change, and fully justified Just as a modification to any business process requires justification, so does modification to the data center

In the data center, changes must be implemented with caution Improvements are good, but they must be fully justified changes For example, if you change the list of people who are allowed entry to the facility or change the air conditioner in the data center, there must be a business justification If you add

or reconfigure servers in the data center, there must be a business justification After the data center processes have been established, everyone must adhere to them The people in the data center, some of whom may be responsible for the processes, are still bound by those processes A legitimate alteration should be submitted according to established process, evaluated, and justified Only then can it be a candidate for implementation

Topic Objective

To identify the process

considerations in the data

center

Lead-in

The most prevalent cause of

unplanned downtime is that

someone makes an

untested change to a server

and that change causes an

issue

Analysis of a Data Center Environment

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The data center environment must be analyzed to ensure proactive planning The three tools that can help you analyze and adjust the relationships between workload and resources are capacity planning, performance monitoring, and system tuning You can use these tools to analyze and then adjust the relationships between:

Clients (workload) and resources

Processor transactions (workload) and utilization (resources)

Capacity Planning

Capacity planning is the process of predicting if and when system and resource saturation will occur One of the most important aspects of capacity planning is the ability to perform predictive analyses of the current situation and the way in which this situation is changing Two examples are hardware and workload profiles Hardware profiles allow the analyst to theoretically reconfigure a system to maximize resource use, and workload profiles allow the analyst to map current user activities to predict the effects of changes to the user population

Topic Objective

To identify the analysis

needs of the data center

6 Module 2: Planning a Data Center Environment

System Tuning

System tuning is the process of adjusting the hardware and software to achieve maximum performance After you identify problem areas through capacity planning and performance monitoring, you are ready to make the appropriate adjustments You need to use caution when system tuning the data center Before making adjustments, you need to collect sufficient data about the system

to make decisions about how these changes will impact your data center

Change Management Process

Justification

Document

Implement

Approval Identify Issue

Test

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Change management is a process that ensures stability no matter what changes are made to the data center environment Changes can include installing, deleting, and modifying services or applications as well as adding, reconfiguring, or removing hardware A proper change management process ensures that full justification is received for every change to the data center environment

Change Management Process

Change management tends to operate at two levels: planned changes and emergencies With planned changes, usually one or more computers are changed, typically at a scheduled interval The following steps illustrate a change management process This process can be modified for both planned and emergency changes

1 Identify the Issue

Identify the improvement or problem that needs to be addressed

2 Provide Justification for the Change

When dealing with an application or a service, you must not only justify the immediate item but also any related applications or services For example, there

is justification for moving messaging services to the data center But in deciding which messaging platform to use, other issues arise Planning for messaging with Microsoft Exchange 2000 Server requires more than just the Exchange service Exchange also requires access to a domain controller, Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) services, and Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) services So the justification for adding messaging on the Exchange platform to the data center must also include justification for the ancillary services it requires

process that ensures

stability no matter what

changes are made to the

data center environment