Bài tập câu điều kiện tiếng Anh thi vào lớp 10 là tài liệu vô cùng hữu ích, tổng hợp lý thuyết và các dạng bài tập câu điều kiện, giúp các em có thêm nhiều tư liệu tham khảo, luyện thi vào lớp 10 đạt kết quả cao. Xem thêm các thông tin về Bài tập câu điều kiện tiếng Anh thi vào lớp 10 tại đây
Trang 1Bài tập câu điều kiện tiếng Anh thi vào lớp 10
1 Cấu trúc câu điều kiện trong Tiếng Anh Câu điều kiện loại 0
Cấu trúc:If + S + V/V(s/es), S + V/V(s/es)
Cách sử dụng: Dùng để diễn tả một sự việc luôn đúng, một chân lý.
Ví dụ: - If you heat the ice, it melts (Nếu bạn làm nóng băng, nó sẽ tan chảy.)
Đây là một sự thật hiển nhiên, luôn luôn đúng nên ta sẽ sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 0 để nói
Câu điều kiện loại 1
Cấu trúc:If + S + V/V(s/es), S + will + V(nguyên thể)
Trong câu điều kiện loại I, mệnh đề “If” ta chia thì HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN và mệnh
đề chính ta chia thì tương lai đơn
Cách sử dụng: Dùng để giả định về một sự việc có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc
tương lai
Ví dụ: - If she comes, I will go with her (Nếu cô ấy đến, tôi sẽ đi với cô ấy)
Ta hiểu rằng “hiện tại cô ấy vẫn chưa đến”, và ta cũng không biết được rằng cô
ấy có đến hay không (hoàn toàn có thể xảy ra)
Vì vậy giả định “nếu cô ấy đến” là một giả định hoàn toàn có thể xảy ra nên ta
sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 1
Câu điều kiện loại 2
Cấu trúc:If + S + V-ed/cột 2, S + would/should + V(nguyên thể)
Trong câu điều kiện loại II, mệnh đề “IF” chia thì QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN và động từ trong mệnh đề chính ta sử dụng cấu trúc: would/ should + động từ nguyên thể
Cách sử dụng: Dùng để giả định về một sự việc không thể xảy ra ở hiện tại
hoặc tương lai
Ví dụ: - If they had a lot of money now, they would travel around the world.
(Nếu bây giờ họ có nhiều tiền, họ sẽ đi du lịch vòng quanh thế giới.)
Trang 2Ta thấy có thời gian ở hiện tại là “now” (bây giờ) và hiểu rằng “bây giờ họ không có nhiều tiền” nên mới đưa ra câu giả định như vậy Vì thế ta sử dụng câu điều kiện loại II để diễn đạt một giả định về một sự việc không có thật ở hiện tại
CHÚ Ý: Trong câu điều kiện loại II, nếu mệnh đề “if” sử dụng động từ “to be”
ở thì quá khứ đơn thì ta chỉ sử dụng “to be” là “were” với tất cả các ngôi
Ví dụ: - If I were you, I wouldn’t stay at home now (Nếu tôi là bạn, tôi sẽ
không ở nhà bây giờ.)
Ta thấy chủ ngữ trong mệnh đề “If” là “I” nhưng ta vẫn sử dụng động từ “to be” là “were” vì trong câu điều kiện loại II này “to be” chia quá khứ là “were” với tất cả các chủ ngữ
Câu điều kiện loại 3
Cấu trúc:If + S + had + VpII, S + would/should + have + vpII
Trong câu điều kiện loại III, mệnh đề “If” chia thì QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH,
và động từ trong mệnh đề chính sẽ sử dụng cấu trúc: would/ should + have + VpII
Cách sử dụng: Dùng để giả định về một sự việc trái với sự thật trong quá khứ.
Ví dụ: - If she had told me the truth yesterday, I would have helped her (Nếu
cô ấy nói với tôi sự thật ngày hôm qua, tôi đã giúp cô ấy rồi.)
2 Bài tập luyện tập:
Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form
1 If I (find) a cheap room, I will stay a fortnight
2 If I saw a tiger walking across the park, I (climb) the tree
3 Why don’t you drive your car to work? If I (have) a car, I would drive
4 He might get rid of his cough if he _ (not smoke) so much
5 She was sent to the prison only because she refused to pay the fine; if she had paid the fine, she _ (not be) sent to prison
6 The job is much worse than I expected If I (realize) how awful it was going to be I wouldn’t have accepted it
Trang 37 Provided you remember the password, you (be) in no danger.
8 I will lend you my radio as long as you _ (bring) it back before Sunday
9 We would have gone to the talk if we _ (know) about it
10 I (buy) those shoes if I were you
Exercise 2: Choose the best answer to complete the sentences:
1 If I had free time, I _ some shopping with you
A did
B will do
C would do
D would have done
2 Unless she , she will be late for school
A hurried
B hurries
C will hurry
D is hurrying
3 I would have given him this present, if I _ him
A had meet
B had met
C meet
D met
4 Will you be angry if I _ your pocket dictionary?
A stole
B have stolen
Trang 4C were to steal
D steal
5 If he the truth, the police wouldn’t have arrest him
A tells
B told
C had told
D would tell
6 If you press that button, what ?
A would happen
B would have happened
C will happen
D happen
7 If my mother me up, I will catch the bus
A doesn’t pick
B didn’t take
C not pick
D hadn’t picked
8 If the weather is nice, I for a walk
A will go
B go
C would go
D would have gone
9 , the accident would not have happened yesterday
Trang 5A If Nam drives more carefully
B If had Nam driven more carefully
C Had Nam driven more carefully
D Unless Nam had driven more carefully
10 I’d give up my job if I a big prize in a lottery
A win
B won
C had won
D would won
Exercise 3: Rewrite each sentence beginning as shown, so that the meaning stays the same
1 What would you do if you found some buried treasure?
If you were
2 Working so much will make you tired
If you
3 We didn’t visit the museum because we hadn’t time
We would
4 Without you, I would have given up years ago
If it _
5 We didn’t go by air only because we hadn’t enough money
If we
6 If by any chance you find my wallet, could you let me know?
If you should
Trang 67 I regret not studying hard last term
If only _
8 He didn’t work hard at school, so he didn’t get a good job when he left
If _
9 People don’t do enough exercise, so there is a lot of heart disease
If people _
10 Children have bad teeth because they eat too many sweets
Children would have better teeth if
3 Đáp án bài tập luyện tập:
Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form
1 If I (find) find a cheap room, I will stay a fortnight
2 If I saw a tiger walking across the park, I _would climb _ (climb) the tree
3 Why don’t you drive your car to work? If I _had _ (have) a car, I would drive
4 He might get rid of his cough if he didn’t smoke _ (not smoke) so much
5 She was sent to the prison only because she refused to pay the fine; if she had paid the fine, she wouldn’t have been _ (not be) sent to prison
6 The job is much worse than I expected If I _had realized _ (realize) how awful it was going to be I wouldn’t have accepted it
7 Provided you remember the password, you _will be_ (be) in no danger
8 I will lend you my radio as long as you bring _ (bring) it back before Sunday
9 We would have gone to the talk if we had known _ (know) about it
Trang 710 I _would buy _ (buy) those shoes if I were you.
Exercise 2: Choose the best answer to complete the sentences:
1 C
2 B
3 B
4 D
5 C
6 C
7 A
8 A
9 C
10 B
Exercise 3: Rewrite each sentence beginning as shown, so that the meaning stays the same
1 If you were to find some buried treasure, what would you do?
2 If you didn’t work so much, you wouldn’t be tired
3 We would have visited the museum if we had had time
4 If it hadn’t been for you, I would have given up years ago
5 If we had had enough money, we would have gone by air
6 If you should find my wallet, could you let me know?
7 If only I had studied hard last tern
8 If he had worked hard at school, he would have got a good job when he left
9 If people did enough exercise, they wouldn’t have/ get heart disease
Trang 810 Children would have better teeth if they didn’t eat too many sweets
4 Bài tập tự luyện
I Choose the best answer:
1) If the weather … good tomorrow, we …… swimming
A is – go B is – will go
C will be - go D will be – will go
2) If Tom were late again, he ……… his job
D would lose
3) If I had known that you were in hospital, I ………you
A will visit B visit C would have visited D would visit 4) You‘ll ………… yourself a lot of time if you take the car
5) If he comes here, I ……….…… it
A make him do B make him will do C will make him do D will make him will do
6) If I ……….…… … you, I wouldn’t buy that coat
7) Tam ……… more if he ……… more time
A will read - had B would read - has C read – had
D would read - had
8) If I didn’t want to go to the party, I ……….…….………… go
9) If she understands the lesson, she ……….it
10 Will you be angry if I _ your pocket dictionary?
A stole B have stolen C were to steal D steal
11 If the wall weren't so high, he _ it up to take his ball down
A climbed B could climb C is climbingD climb
Trang 912 If he the truth, the police wouldn’t arrest him.
A tells B told C had told D would tell
13 If I in London now, I could visit British Museum
be
14 If you didn't wear shabby clothes, you _ more good-looking
A will be B would be C would have been
D can be
15 If I an Angel, I would try to make happy all the children
16 A doctor _ if somebody falls ill
A will be cold for B will be called for
C will call for D would be call for
17 I wish I him, but I don’t
A likeB can like C liked D would like
18 She feels lonely because she doesn’t know many people there She wishes she more people
A will know B knew C knows D has known
19 “I’m not staying any longer.” “I wish you .”
20 “I’m sorry you failed the test.” “Frankly, I wish I harder.”
A could study B had studied C have studied D would have studied
II Put the verbs in the brackets in to corect tense:
1) If he does his homework, he (not worry)……… about it
2) If today (be)……… Sunday, the pupils can go swimming
3) I (take) a walk if the weather were nice
4) We would buy a house if we (have) enough money
5) If I (be not) tired, I would go to the movie with you
6) If I (not have) class today, I would go shopping
Trang 107 Bring him another if he (not/like) _ this one.
8 She (be) angry if she (hear) _ this tomorrow
9 Unless you are more careful, you (have) _ an accident
10 If you (like) _, I (get) you a job in this company
11 If grandmother (be) _ 5 years younger, she (play) some games
12 If he sun (stop) shinning, there (be) _ no light on earth
13 If I (be) _ a millionaire, I (live) _ on Mars
14 I wish I (be) - an astronaut in the future
15 I can’t swim I wish I (can) - swim
16 I wish I (meet) - her yesterday
17 She wishes she (be) - there last year
18 I wish you (not give) - them my phone number yesterday
19 Tom wishes someone (give) - him a job next month
20 If they (invite) _ yesterday, I (be) _ is a good day tomorrow
21 We (go) _ swimming if it (be) _ a good day tomorrow
22 If the weather (be) _ nice last day, I (go) _ for a walk
23 My dog always barks if he (hear) _ anything unusual
24 If he (not/ do) _ come soon, I'm not going to wait
25 If the phone (ring) _, can you answer it?
III Rewrite the following sentences with the same meaning:
1 I don’t have enough money I can’t go on a long holiday this year
If
2 He is very slow, so we won’t wait for him
If _
3 You’ll ask the teacher He’ll explain the lesson to you
If _
4 I don’t know his address I can’t give it to you
If
5 She was ill She didn’t go to work
If
Trang 116 Unless she studies hard, he will fail the exam.
If _
7 Go away or I will call the police
If _
8 You didn’t ask Alice She didn’t tell you the truth
If
9 If you don’t finish your exercises, you can’t go to bed
Unless _
10 I didn’t eat lunch, I feel hungry now
–> If I………
11 If it hadn’t rained, we would have a better crop
–> But for………
12 If you want my advice, I wouldn’t buy it
–> If I ………
13 I only come if they invite me
–> Unless………
14 He didn’t revise all his lessons, he failed the exam –> If he……… ……
15 The park is over there, only 5 minutes’ walk
–> If you walk………
16 In case it rains, we’ll stay at home
–> If it………
17 He works hard and he will pass his exam
=> If………
18 He didn’t pass the exam because he didn’t work hard
=> If
19 She didn’t hurry so she missed the train
=> If
20 They didn’y follow the map, so they got lost
=> If they 21I haven’t enough money to buy that book
=> I wish
-22 I’m sorry I didn’t help you yesterday
=> I wish -23It’s a pity that you were not here last week
=> We wish
Trang 12-24.You drive too fast I’d like you to drive more slowly
=>I wish
-IV Find and correct the mistakes in the sentences:
1 Should anyone rang, could you take a message?
2 Were the customers not complained, nothing would have been done
3 Was I a bird, I would fly
4 Unless you don’t have a good command of English, you won't be able to work for this company
5 Were they live in Australia now, they would go swimming