(A) For certain two-syllable words used as both nouns and verbs, stress nouns on the first syllable, and verbs on the second syllable.. present present He presented hi[r]
Trang 1Ngµy chuÈn bÞ : 20-04-09 TiÕt 13 Ngµy thùc hiÖn : 20-04-09
Word Stress Pattern Rules
1 Using suffixes to predict stress
(A) Stress the suffix itself:
- ee employee refugee trainee referee evacuee
- eer engineer career volunteer mountaineer
- ese Chinese Japanese Portuguese journalese
- ique unique antique technique
-ain entertain / entə'tein/ ascertain/,æsə'tein/
-ette cigarette /,sigə'ret/ laundette /lɔ:n'dret /
-esque picturesque
(B) Stress the syllable immediately before the suffix:
- ial memorial financial artificial essential
- ual visual unusual intellectual individual
- ian Canadian vegetarian pedestrian politician
- sion explosion occasion conclusion permission
- tion definition production situation qualification
- ient ancient sufficient efficient deficient proficient
- cious delicious conscious suspicious judicious
- tious ambitious cautious superstitious conscientious
- ic academic energetic fantastic terrific realistic
- ible edible flexible incredible impossible
- ity ability necessity publicity possibility humidity
- ify classify terrify humidify personify solidify
- logy biology sociology anthropology psychology
-
- meter kilometer parameter speedometer thermometer
* Các hậu tố không ảnh hưởng đến vị trí trọng âm ở t ừ gốc
‘-able’: comfort /'kʌmfət/ comfortable/'kʌmfətəbl/
’-age’: anchor/'æηkə/ anchorage /'æηkəridʒ/
‘-al’ : refuse /ri'fju:z / refusal /ri'fju:zl /
‘-en’ : wide / / widen / /
‘-ful’ : wonder/ / wonderful/ /
‘-ing’: amaze / / amazing / /
‘-like’: bird / / birdlike/ /
“-less”: power / / powerless / /
‘-ly’ : hurried / / hurriedly/ /
‘-ment’ (trong danh từ): punishment / /
‘-ness’ : Yellow / / yellowness / /
Trang 2‘-ous’: poisonous / /
‘-fy’, ‘-wise’, ‘-y’
- Tiền tố: tiền tố thường không ảnh hưởng đến trọng âm của từ
(C) Stress the second syllable before the suffix:
- ate operate exaggerate associate integrate certificate
- ize apologize criticize recognize computerize
- ary secretary necessary contemporary vocabulary
- ous dangerous mysterious spontaneous simultaneous
2 Using Parts of Speech to predict stress
(A) For certain two-syllable words used as both nouns and verbs,
stress nouns on the first syllable, and verbs on the second syllable
Noun Verb Example
1 record record The bank recorded a new record yesterday
2 present present He presented his wife with a beautiful present
3 conduct conduct They're conducting a study into his conduct
4 suspect suspect The suspect was suspected of robbing the bank
5 desert desert The desert is so dry that it is usually deserted
(B) Stress compound nouns on the first part/word:
deadline classroom software typewriter policeman airplane bus station air conditioner sports car credit card stock market Great wall
(C) Stress two-word verbs more strongly on the second word,
but for their noun equivalents, stress them on the first part
Noun: Here's the printout
She's a dropout
Where's the checkout counter?
There was a holdup at the bank
This clearly is a setup
Verb: He printed it out
She dropped out
Can I check it out?
Hold up your hand
I'll set up a meeting for you
Exercises
Câu 1 A busy B study C result D bus
Câu 2 A easy B speak C learn D eat
Câu 3 A student B stupid C study D studio
Câu 4 A park B car C card D carry
Câu 5: A kissed B stopped C laughed D closed
Câu 6: A slow B power C how D town
Câu 7: A meal B peace C please D weather
Trang 3Câu 8: A father B there C those D think
Câu 9: A chemist B changes C churches D chairman
Câu 10: A works B plays C reads D brings
Câu 11 A wanted B needed C decided D cooked
Câu 12 A man B came C stay D educate
Câu 13 A time B climb C provide D exist
Câu 14 A food B cook C loose D flood
Câu 15 A put B cut C but D sun
II- STRESS:
Câu 16 A interesting B surprising C amusing D successful Câu 17 A understand B engineer C benefit D Vietnamese Câu 18 A applicant B uniform C yesterday D employment Câu 19 A paper B tonight C lecture D story
Câu 20 A money B army C afraid D people Câu 21 A wonderful B beautiful C difficult D expensive Câu 22 A excellent B different C comfortable D dependent Câu 23 A education B explanation C information D nation Câu 24 A creation B occasion C communication D location Câu 25 A combination B celebration C population D association Câu 26 A biology B philosophy C psychology D anthropology Câu 27 A ability B minority C necessity D university Câu 28 A diversity B possibility C popularity D similarity
III Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differrently from that of the others in each group.
1 A hear B clear C bear D ear
2 A heat B great C beat D beak
3 A blood B pool C food D tool
4 A university B unique C unit D undo
5 A mouse B could C would D put
6 A faithful B failure C fairly D fainted
7 A course B court C pour D courage
8 A worked B stopped C forced D wanted
9 A new B sew C few D nephew
10 A sun B sure C success D sort
11 A honour B hour C exhaust D host
12 A rock B rose C polish D spot
13 A wear B way C where D whole
14 A sensible B traffic C city D intend