Tuy nhiên, một vài ngoại động từ KHÔNG thể dùng ở Passive.. Các Nội Động Từ (intransitive verbs) KHÔNG thể dùng ở Passive:.[r]
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BÀI HỌC TỰ CHỌN-BÁM SÁT 10 (3) ~ 1
Saturday, August 28th, 2010
BÀI HỌC TỰ CHỌN-BÁM SÁT KHỐI 10
I The Present Simple Tense
1 Forms:
- Affirmative: S + V1… S + am/is/are……
- Negative: S + do/does + not + V… S + am/is/are + not…
- Interrogative: Do/Does + S + V….? Am/Is/Are + S ….?
2 Use:
a Diễn tả một hành động hoặc thói quen ở hiện tại
(always, usually, often, sometimes, occasionally, seldom, rarely, every, etc)
e.g: I usually go to school in the afternoon
b Diễn tả một chân lý, một sự thật luôn luôn đúng
e.g The earth moves around the sun
3 Đối với ngôi thứ ba số ít: He, She, It, that man…
a Thêm “S” vào sau động từ thường
e.g Lan often gets up early in the morning
b Thêm “ES” vào sau các động từ tận cùng là : ch, sh, s, x, o, z
e.g He watches a lot of TV on Sundays
III The Present Perfect Tense
1 Forms:
- Affirmative: S + has/have +V3/ed…
- Negative: S + has/have + not + V3/ed…
- Interrogative: Has/Have + S + V3/ed….?
2 Use:
a Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ và kéo dài đến hiện tại (thường
dùng với các trạng từ như: never, ever, not…yet, since, for, so far, until now,
up to now, etc)
e.g We have lived here for 20 years
b Diễn tả một hành động vừa mới xảy ra (just, recently, lately)
e.g She has just gone out
c Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ không xác định rõ thời gian
(already, before)
e.g Have you met this man before?
3 Chú Ý
a Since và For:
- SINCE: chỉ mốc thời gian, sau nó là số chỉ năm, tháng, mệnh đề thời gian
(2009, September, I last saw you, etc.)
- FOR: chỉ khoảng thời gian, sau nó là số chỉ bao nhiêu tuần, tháng, năm, (3
months, a long time, ages, …)
b S + has/have +V3/ed…… since + S + V2/ed…
e.g We have known each other since we moved here
c Các trạng từ: never, ever, just, already thường đứng giữa trợ động từ (has/
have) và động từ chính (V3/ed)
e.g I have already finished my homework
PRACTICE
I Put the verbs in parentheses into the correct tense:
1 He (practise) the piano every day
2 I (believe) you
3 Bob (see) this movie before
4 George (read) the newspaper already
5 Mr Johnson (work) in the same place for 35 years
6 We (not begin) to study for the test yet
7 John (hate) smoke
8 Jill always (get up) at 6.00 a.m
9 Joan (travel) around the world
10 We (not see) this movie yet
11 Terry (mow) the lawn yet
12 John and I (be) pen pals for nearly 3 years
13 He (wear) the same coat since he (move) here
14 I (not see) your brother recently
15 It (not rain) much in our country in winter
16 I never (talk) to such an interesting person
The Passive Voice Of The Present Simple Tense
And The Present Perfect Tense
Present Simple Subject am/is/are past
participle by + object Present
Perfect Subject
have (not) been has (not) been
e.g He is often praised by most teachers
His bike has been left here since morning
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BÀI HỌC TỰ CHỌN-BÁM SÁT 10 (3) ~ 2
Chú Ý:
Hầu hết các Ngoại Động Từ (transitive verbs) đều có thể chuyển được sang
Passive:
e.g drive là một NgĐT vì ta có thể drive something (drive a car)
Tuy nhiên, một vài ngoại động từ KHÔNG thể dùng ở Passive Những Động
từ này gồm: become, fit (= hợp, vừa), get, have, lack, let, like, resemble, suit
Các Nội Động Từ (intransitive verbs) KHÔNG thể dùng ở Passive:
e.g fall (ngã, rơi) là NĐT, ta không thể 'fall something'
Vì thế KHÔNG thể nói và viết: The tree was fallen Mà phải dùng ờ Active:
The tree fell (Cây ngã.)
PRACTICE Turn the following sentences into the passive voice:
1 People always admire heroism
2 He always tells about his family
3 Some people dress their children very badly
4 No one has opened that box for the last hundred years
5 People usually use these boxes as seats
6 Someone has broken two of my dinner-plates
7 They sometimes leave their children home
8 Somebody has invited Dad to lunch
9 People never forget this memory easily
10 Somebody brings this here every morning
11 No one has ever beaten my brother at tennis
12 People speak English all over the world
13 Does anyone ask any questions about me?
14 You must write the answers on one side of the paper only
15 People mustn't take these books away
16 They punish me for something I don't do
17 One uses milk for making butter and cheese
18 Someone wants you to help lay the table
19 One praises a pupil when he works hard
20 Somebody leaves the dog in the garden
21 Everyone must leave hats and coats in the hall
24 They make progress every day in the world of science
25 No one feeds the chickens in the morning
26 Someone has spilt some ink on the carpet
27 They rarely hold a reception in his honour
28 Nobody has heard from him since last month
29 Somebody can easily mend this door
30 What have people done about this?
31 Somebody has already shut the door
32 Has anybody answered your question?
34 Somebody has cooked this fish very well
35 They have built the house of stone and cement
36 Has somebody done all the work?
37 They sell this food in Nha Trang
38 He often writes his books in the evening
39 They make books of paper
40 Somebody has pushed the table into a corner
PASSIVE VOICE VỚI ĐỘNG TỪ CÓ HAI TÂN NGỮ e.g Someone sent me [O1] a new computer [O2]
I was sent a new computer
A new computer was sent to me
Put the following sentences into the passive voice with a personal subject:
1 They often give my little sister sweets
My sister is often given sweets
2 People can show the visitors the new buildings
3 Someone has already paid the electrician for his work
4 They promise us higher wages
5 Somebody tells you what time the train leaves
6 Teachers order us to stand up
7 Somebody has recommended me another doctor
8 Someone has taught him French and given some advice
9 They sometimes allow each boy a second plate of ice-cream
10 The man never refuses my boy-friend Cyril anything
11 They have asked us all several questions
12 This is the third time they have written to us about this
13 They still deny women the right to vote in some countries
14 They have made my uncle a executing manager
15 They ask the rest of us to be there at eight o'clock
16 Someone is showing my girl-friend Maisie how to bath a baby
~~~(#)~~~