Bài giảng Từ Vựng Từ Những Bản Tin.

Chuyến viếng thăm kéo dài 5 ngày của Đức Đạt Lai Lạt Ma làm gia tăng mối lo ngại đối với một số nhóm chính trị của Đài Loan đang tìm cách cải thiện các mối quan hệ của quốc đảo này với T

VIDEO NEWS: Business Update: China Weighs

Edited by James Jay Egan

Tuesday, 1 September 2009

REUTERS - Japan's election euphoria1 fizzled out on Monday, as the yen's seven-week peak against the

dollar hurt exporters, and tumbling2 Shanghai stocks erased the Nikkei's jump to an 11-month high

The election result, while widely anticipated, sparked3

buying of yen on hopes that new policies will support

consumer spending in an economy trapped in deflation, high unemployment and a weak

growth outlook4

But shares in Shanghai tanked over six percent to a three-month low, racking up5 losses

of more than 21 percent in August

Fears that banks will reign in their lending after a torrid6 first six months, and an

abundant supply of new shares have been pushing share prices lower

Falling Chinese shares prompted7 investors to buy the yen and sell other riskier

currencies8 like the Australian dollar

But the Australian market performed relatively well after financials got boost from ANZ, Australia's fourth-biggest lender, who said its profits were in line with expectations and that it was starting to see bad debt provisions bottoming out

Meanwhile South Korea's top car parts maker, Hyundai Mobis, said it would set up a

battery joint venture9 with LG Chem to develop lithium-ion battery packs for the ever-growing hybrid car market

SPECIAL NEWS: Thousands of Homes Evacuated in California Wildfire

Edited by Thieu Kim Thoa

Wednesday, 2 September 2009

VOA - The governor1 of California says officials have

removed2 people from more than 6,000 homes to protect them from a wild fire burning across the western state Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger told reporters the fire has destroyed three homes and burnt 1,400 hectares of land At least three people have been

reported hurt Several fires are burning across California but the one that started3

Wednesday in the mountains north of Los Angeles has been the most difficult to stop

1 governor (n) (also Governor) a person who is chosen to be in charge of the

government of a state in the US: thống đốc

2 remove (v) ~ sth/sb (from sth/sb) to take sth/sb away from a place: di dời

3 start (v) to start happening; to make sth start happening: bắt đầu

Thống đốc bang California cho biết các quan chức đã di dời người dân ra khỏi hơn 6.000 ngôi nhà để bảo vệ họ khỏi vụ hoả hoạn dữ dội đang bùng phát trên khắp tiểu bang miền tây Thống đốc Arnold Schwarzenegger phát biểu với các phóng viên rằng hoả hoạn đã phá huỷ 3 ngôi nhà và thiêu rụi 1.400 héc ta đất Có ít nhất 3 người được báo cáo là đã bị thương Nhiều vụ hoả hoạn xảy ra khắp California nhưng vụ xảy ra hôm thứ Tư ở khu vực miền núi phía bắc Los Angeles là khó dập tắt nhất

1 euphoria (n) an extremely strong feeling of happiness and excitement that usually

lasts only a short time: sự phấn khích mạnh mẽ

2 tumble (v) to fall rapidly in value or amount: giảm một cách nhanh chóng về giá trị và

số lượng

3 spark (v) ~ sth (off) to cause sth to start or develop, especially suddenly: làm khuấy

động

4 outlook (n) ~ (for sth) the probable future for sb/sth; what is likely to happen

PROSPECT: viễn cảnh

5 rack up (PHR V) to collect sth, such as profits or losses in a business, or points in a

competition: thu thập

In ten years of boxing he racked up a record 176 wins

6 torrid (a) very difficult: rất khó khăn

7 prompt (v) to make sb decide to do sth; to cause sth to happen PROVOKE: thúc đẩy

8 currency (n) the system of money that a country uses: tiền tệ

9 joint venture (n) a business project or activity that is begun by two or more

companies, etc., which remain separate organizations: công ty liên doanh

SPEICAL NEWS: Dalai Lama Promises No Politics While in Taiwan

Edited by Vo Nhat Giang Thanh

Tuesday, 1 September 2009 VOA - Tibet’s exiled religious leader has arrived in Taiwan to visit the survivors of a recent deadly storm The Dalai Lama’s five-day

visit has increased concern1 among some Taiwanese political

groups seeking2 to improve the island’s relations with China The

Chinese government has expressed strong opposition3 to the visit Officials accused the Dalai Lama of using religion to hide

separatist4 activities

Taiwanese officials say the Dalai Lama will hold pray5 meetings with storm victims in the

south and meet with the religious organizations Taiwan’s president approved the visit but

he said he did not plan to meet with the Dalai Lama

1 concern (n) ~ (about / for / over sth/sb)| ~ (that ) a feeling of worry,

especially one that is shared by many people: mối lo ngại, sự quan tâm

She hasn’t been seen for four days and there is concern for her safety

2 seek (v) (sought, sought /s t/) (formal) ~ (for) sth/sb to look for sth/sb: tìm

kiếm

Drivers are advised to seek alternative routes

3 opposition (n) ~ (to sb/sth) the act of strongly disagreeing with sb/sth, especially

with the aim of preventing sth from happening: sự chống đối

4 separatist (n) a member of a group of people within a country who want to separate

from the rest of the country and form their own government: người ly khai

separatist (a)

5 prayer (n) ~ (for sb/sth) words which you say to God giving thanks or asking for

help: sự cầu nguyện

Lãnh đạo sống lưu vong của Tây Tạng đã đến Đài Loan để thăm hỏi các nạn nhân còn sống sót sau trận bão chết người Chuyến viếng thăm kéo dài 5 ngày của Đức Đạt Lai Lạt

Ma làm gia tăng mối lo ngại đối với một số nhóm chính trị của Đài Loan đang tìm cách cải thiện các mối quan hệ của quốc đảo này với Trung Quốc Chính quyền Trung Quốc đã bày

tỏ sự chống đối mãnh mẽ đối với sự viếng thăm này Các quan chức cáo buộc Đức Đạt Lai Lạt Ma sử dụng tôn giáo để che dấu các hoạt động ly khai Các quan chức Đài Loan cho biết Đức Đạt Lai Lạt Ma sẽ tổ chức các buổi cầu nguyện cho các nạn nhân của trận bão ở miền nam và gặp gỡ với các tổ chức tôn giáo Tổng thống Đài Loan đã phê chuẩn chuyến viếng thăm nhưng cho biết ông không có kế hoạch gặp mặt nhà lãnh đạo tinh thần

SPECIAL NEWS: Wild Fire in Greece Forces Evacuation of 10,000

Edited by Tran The Phong

Wednesday, 26 August 2009

VOA - Tens of thousands of people are fleeing1 wild fires near the Greek capital, Athens Two children’s hospitals and the centers for old people north of the city have been emptied And people have left their homes in parts of the cities of Marathon and Agios Stefanos

Firefighting airplanes from Italy, France and Cyprus have joined2 the Greek efforts to

fight the fires as powerful winds push the flames3 toward Athens Greek weather

experts say the winds will remain strong throughout the day, Monday Officials declared emergency conditions Saturday in a wide area north of Athens Officials say the fires

have destroyed about 15,000 hectares of forest and farmland4 There have been no reported injures or death

1 flee (v) (fled, fled /fled/) [no passive] ~ (from) sb/sth| ~ (to / into ) to

leave a person or place very quickly, especially because you are afraid of possible danger: chạy trốn, lẩn tránh

2 join (v) to take part in sth that sb else is doing or to go somewhere with them: cùng

với, tham gia

3 flame (n) [C, U] a hot bright stream of burning gas that comes from sth that is on fire:

ngọn lửa

4 farmland (n) land that is used for farming: đất chăn nuôi, trồng trọt, nông trại

Hàng ngàn người đang rời khỏi những đám cháy dữ dội gần thủ đô Athens của Hy Lạp Hai bệnh viện nhi và các trung tâm y tế dành cho người lớn tuổi bị bỏ trống Và người dân

đã rời bỏ nhà cửa ở các khu vực của thành phố Marathon và Agios Stefanos Các máy bay cứu hoả của Ý, Pháp và Cyprus cùng với Hy Lạp nỗ lực dập tắt lửa vì gió mạnh thổi bùng các ngọn lửa tiến về hướng Athens Các chuyên gia khí tượng của Hy Lạp cho biết vẫn còn gió mạnh trong ngày hôm nay, thứ Hai Các quan chức tuyên bố tình trạng khẩn cấp ở một khu vực rông lớn thuộc miền bắc Athens hôm thứ Bảy Các quan chức cho biết ngọn lửa đã thiêu huỷ khoảng 15.000 héc ta rừng và đất nông nghiệp Không có báo cáo về con

số thương vong

VIDEO NEWS: Nuns Help Douse Greece Wildfires

Edited by James Jay Egan

Wednesday, 26 August 2009 REUTERS - Wildfires continued to spread overnight

near Athens, burning houses, razing1 large parts of forests and sending thousands fleeing their homes

As morning arrived, there was no sign of the threat

subsiding2

The fierce winds overnight fanned the flames and even rekindled3 dormant4 fires, causing the blaze to spread further

At Pantokratoras monastery east of Athens, nuns tried to save their compound5 from

ruin, using branches and buckets6 of water

The flames engulfed7 the supply room of the 10th century structure

The blaze is a reminder of the country's worst wildfires which killed at least 65 people over

10 days two years ago

And the government's reaction to this disaster is being closely watched ahead of8 a March parliamentary election

Hundreds of fire fighters and soldiers have been dispatched9, aided by dozens of aircraft and helicopters

Help has also started arriving from other EU countries, including neighbouring Cyprus, France and Italy

The weather service has warned that strong winds will not abate10 until nightfall11 on Monday

The fires broke out late on Friday in a village northeast of the Greek capital and quickly spread across at least 10 other villages

Summer fires are frequent12 in Greece

In the last three days, more than 200 fires have broken out

1 raze (v) to completely destroy a building, town, etc so that nothing is left: phá huỷ

hoàn toàn, thiêu rụi

2 subside (v) to go back to a normal level: trở lại tình trạng bình thường

3 rekindle (v) to make sth become active again REAWAKEN: làm cháy lại, khơi lại

4 dormant (a) not active or growing now but able to become active or to grow in the

future INACTIVE: tắt (lửa), không hoạt động, nằm yên

5 compound (n) an area surrounded by a fence or wall in which a factory or other group

of buildings stands: khuôn viên

6 bucket (n) (NAmE also pail) [C] an open container with a handle, used for carrying or

holding liquids, sand, etc.: cái xô

7 engulf (v) to surround or to cover sb/sth completely: tràn ngập, bao vây

8 ahead of (pre) further forward in space or time than sb/sth; in front of sb/sth: trước

(về thời gian hoặc không gian)

9 dispatch (v) ~ sb/sth (to ) (formal) to send sb/sth somewhere, especially for a

special purpose: đưa tới, phái tới

10 abate (v) to become less strong; to make sth less strong: yếu đi; làm yếu đi

11 nightfall (n) [U] (formal or literary) the time in the evening when it becomes dark

DUSK: ban đêm

12 frequent (a) happening or doing sth often: thường xuyên

SPECIAL NEWS: Japanese Economy Returns to Growth

Edited by Nguyen Tri Duc

Monday, 24 August 2009 VOA - The Japanese economy has reported

growth1 of 0.9 percent during the tree-month

period2 that ended in June It is the first growth in the world’s second largest economy in 15 months Last week, Germany and France also reported an

end to the recession3 but stocks4 fell nearly 6 percent on one Chinese market Share prices were down 3 percent or

more in Tokyo and Hong Kong They also fell on United States and European markets

1 growth (n) [U] an increase in economic activity: sự tăng trưởng

2 period (n) a particular length of time: giai đoạn

3 recession (n) [C, U] a difficult time for the economy of a country, when there is less

trade and industrial activity than usual and more people are unemployed: sự suy thoái

4 stock (n) [C, usually pl.] a share that sb has bought in a company or business: cổ

phiếu

Nền kinh tế Nhật Bản đã bước ra khỏi cuộc suy thoái trong giai đoạn 3 tháng kết thúc vào tháng Sáu, với tỷ lệ tăng trưởng ở mức 0,9% Đây là dấu hiệu tăng trưởng lần đầu tiên ở nền kinh tế lớn hàng thứ nhì trên thế giới trong vòng 15 tháng Tuần trước, Đức và Pháp cũng báo cáo trỗi dậy sau cuộc suy thoái nhưng giá chứng khoán sụt giảm gần 6 % ở một thị trường của Trung Quốc Giá cổ phiếu giảm 3% hoặc nhiều hơn ở Tokyo và Hồng Kông

và cũng sụt giảm tại các thị trường Hoa Kỳ và Châu Âu

VIDEO NEWS: WHO Warns of Second Swine Flu Wave

Edited by James Jay Egan

Monday, 24 August 2009 The World Health Organisation said on Friday the world

must be prepared for a more severe outbreak1 of the H1N1 virus

WHO chief Margaret Chan said a second or even third wave of swine flu could be on its way

"As the winter season progresses in the southern hemisphere2, we also need to prepare

for a second or even a third wave of spread, as typically seen in past pandemics We cannot say for certain whether the worst is over or the worst is yet to come."

Her announcement comes at a time when more than 20 pharmaceutical3 companies are racing to put new vaccinations against the virus into production

Chinese pharmaceutical company Sinovac is one firm which has completed trials4 of a vaccine

They say it's effective after one shot5

But Chan warned the world must be prepared to fight the H1N1 virus which could kill more people

"We need to be prepared for whatever surprises this capricious6 new virus delivers next

Constant random mutation7 is the survival mechanism of the microbial world."

The H1N1 flu outbreak was declared a pandemic in June

According to the WHO the virus has killed more than 1700 people and could affect a further two billion

1 outbreak (n) the sudden start of sth unpleasant, especially violence or a disease: sự

bùng phát

2 hemisphere (n) one half of the earth, especially the half above or below the

EQUATOR: bán cầu

3 pharmaceutical (a) connected with making and selling drugs and medicines: thuộc

ngành dược

4 trial (n) [C, U] the process of testing the ability, quality or performance of sb/sth,

especially before you make a final decision about them: thử nghiệm

5 shot (n) a small amount of a drug that is put into your body using a SYRINGE

INJECTION: liều thuốc, mũi thuốc

6 capricious (a) showing sudden changes in attitude or behaviour UNPREDICTABLE: khó

lường

7 mutation (n) [U, C] (biology) a process in which the GENETIC material of a person, a

plant or an animal changes in structure when it is passed on to children, etc., causing different physical characteristics to develop; a change of this kind: sự đột biến

SPECIAL NEWS: Lockerbie Bomber Released From Prison

Edited by Phung Hoai Ngoc

Saturday, 22 August 2009

VOA - A former Libyan agent sentenced to life1 for an airplane bombing in 1988 has returned to Libya The Pan Am Plane explored over Lockerbie, Scotland killing

270 people Scottish officials released Abdelbaset Ali

Mohmeit al-Megrahi on Thursday Crowds greeted2

him on his arrival at Tripoli airport in Libya President Obama called the decision “a mistake” He said Megrahi s hould remain under

house arrest Many families of the victims are angered by the decision Scottish Justice Minister Kenny MacAskill said the decision to release the prisoner was made because he is near death from cancer

1 life (n) [U] the punishment of being sent to prison for life; life IMPRISONMENT: tù

chung thân

2 greet (v) ~ sb (with sth) to say hello to sb or to welcome them: chào đón

3 house arrest (n) [U] the state of being a prisoner in your own house rather than in a

prison: quản thúc tại gia

4 anger (v) [often passive] to make sb angry: khiến ai đó tức giận

Cựu nhân viên tình báo Libya bị kết án tù chung thân vì vụ đánh bom máy bay năm 1988

đã trở về Libya Máy bay Pan Am nổ tung trên bầu trời Lockerbie, Scotland làm thiệt mạng

270 người Các quan chức Scotland đã phóng thích Abdelbaset Ali Mohmeit al-Megrahi hôm thứ Năm Đám đông chào đón sự trở về của vị tình báo này ở phi trường Tripoli, Libya Tổng thống Obama gọi quyết định này là “một sai lầm” Ông cho biết Megrahi nên được quản thúc tại gia Nhiều gia đình của các nạn nhân tức giận với quyết định này Bộ trưởng tư pháp Scotland ông Kenny MacAskill cho biết quyết định phóng thích tù nhân được thực hiện là do vị tình báo này sắp qua đời vì bị bệnh ung thư

SPECIAL NEWS: ASEAN Calls for Aung San Suu Kyi Release

Edited by Luong Thien Tri

Friday, 21 August 2009 VOA - Top officials from the Association of Southeast Asian Nations are discussing whether to ask Burma to

release1 opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi

Indonesia’s foreign ministry spokesman says ASEAN officials met Wednesday night in Jakarta for talks on Burma The group will meet again Thursday The

spokesman says the group is considering a joint2

appeal to Burma to pardon3 the opposition leader

Burma is a member of the ten- nation group which has a policy of not interfering4 in the local affairs of other countries Burma is facing strong criticism from many countries and

from the United Nations for detaining5 Aung San Suu Kyi

1 release (v) ~ sb/sth (from sth) to let sb/sth come out of a place where they have

been kept or trapped: trả tự do, thả

2 joint (a) [only before noun] involving two or more people together: chung

3 pardon (v) to officially allow sb who has been found guilty of a crime to leave prison

and/or avoid punishment: khoan hồng

She was pardoned after serving ten years of a life sentence

4 interfere (v) ~ (in sth) to get involved in and try to influence a situation that does not

concern you, in a way that annoys other people: can thiệp

5 detain (v) to keep sb in an official place, such as a police station, a prison or a hospital,

and prevent them from leaving: quản thúc

Các quan chức cao cấp của tổ chức ASEAN (Hiệp hội các quốc gia Đông Nam Á) thảo luận liệu có nên kêu gọi Miến Điện trả tự do cho lãnh đạo đối lập Aung San Suu Kyi Phát ngôn viên của bộ ngoại giao Indonesia cho biết các quan chức ASEAN họp hôm tối thứ Tư ở Jakarta để thảo luận về vấn đề Miến Điện Nhóm này sẽ nhóm họp lần nữa vào thứ Năm Phát ngôn viên cho biết nhóm này xem xét một lời kêu gọi chung đối với Miến Điện về việc khoan hồng cho vị lãnh đạo đối lập Miến Điện là thành viên trong nhóm 10 thành viên có

chính sách không can thiệp vào vấn đề nội bộ của các quốc gia khác Miến Điện đang gặp phải sự chỉ trích mạnh mẽ của nhiều nước và của LHQ về việc quản thúc bà Aung San Suu Kyi

VIDEO NEWS: Oil Slick after Russia Dam Disaster

Edited by James Jay Egan

Friday, 21 August 2009 REUTERS - The search continues after a disaster at

Russia's largest hydro-electric1 dam

It was here, at the Sayano-Shushenskaya plant in Siberia

that a sudden surge2 of water burst through turbines flooding five of its floors

The cause is still unclear

So far 13 bodies have been recovered by divers the latest of which was found in the engine room

Officials say at least 61 more are still missing

In the neighbouring town of Cheryomushki, where many of the dam workers lived, funerals took place as hopes began to fade of finding them alive

In a further blow, oil has spilled into the world's fifth-largest river, the Yenisei, sparking fears of environmental damage

A 25-km long slick, caused by 45 tonnes of oil, is floating south of the plant3

But officials would not say how the oil got there

Local emergency services are putting up a barrier and spraying4 chemicals by helicopter

to prevent the oil from spreading further

Several major accidents in the mining and power sectors5 over the years have highlighted

Russia's rusty6 Soviet-era infrastructure

Following the global economic crisis, the country's ambitious plans to revamp7

1 hydro-electric (a) using the power of water to produce electricity; produced by the

power of water: thuỷ điện

2 surge (n) ~ (in / of sth) a sudden increase in the amount or number of sth; a large

amount of sth: sự dâng lên

3 plant (n) a factory or place where power is produced or an industrial process takes

place: nhà máy

4 spray (v) ~ sth (on / onto / over sb/sth)| ~ sb/sth (with sth) to cover sb/sth

with very small drops of a liquid that are forced out of a container or sent through the air: bơm, phun

5 sector (n) a part of an area of activity, especially of a country’s economy: khu, bộ

phận

6 rusty (a) covered with RUST: bị rỉ sét

7 revamp (v) to make changes to the form of sth, usually to improve its appearance:

sửa chữa, thay đổi

SPECIAL NEWS: Nigeria's Power Output Suffers Following Pipeline Attack

Edited by Huynh Thi Bich Ngoc

Wednesday, 19 August 2009 VOA- An attack on a natural gas factory in the Niger

Delta area has slowed1 progress on ending the violence there Nigerian officials say that electricity production

dropped2 across the country on Friday after the attack

on the Utorugu pipeline3 The pipeline supplies gas to the state-owned Nigerian Gas Company The attack came as reports said kidnappers released several groups

of foreign hostages4 The freed kidnapped victims included 2 Ukrainians, 5 Lithuanians and 3 people form the Philippines

1 slow (v) ~ (sth/sb) (down / up) to go or to make sth/sb go at a slower speed or be

less active: làm chậm lại

2 drop (v) to become or make sth weaker, lower or less FALL: làm giảm

3 pipeline (n) a series of pipes that are usually underground and are used for carrying

oil, gas, etc over long distances: đường ống dẫn

4 hostage (n) a person who is captured and held prisoner by a person or group, and

who may be injured or killed if people do not do what the person or group is asking: người

bị bắt giữ làm con tin

Một vụ tấn công nhà máy khí thiên nhiên ở khu vực châu thổ Niger đã làm chậm lại sự tiến triển trong quá trình dập tắt bạo lực ở đây Các quan chức Nigeria cho biết sản lượng điện đã giảm mạnh trên toàn lãnh thổ nước này hôm thứ Sáu sau vụ tấn công đường ống dẫn Utorugu Đường ống này cung cấp khí đốt cho công ty quốc doanh Gas Nigeria Vụ tấn công xảy ra sau khi có tin cho biết những kẻ bắt cóc đã thả tự do cho nhiều nhóm con tin người nước ngoài Những người bị bắt cóc được phóng thích bao gồm 2 người Ukraina,

5 người Lithuania và 3 người Philippin

VIDEO NEWS: Ladies Who Launch

Edited by Le Ngoc Diem – James Jay Egan

Tuesday, 11 August 2009 REUTERS - They are the Ladies Who Launch Stella Grizont and Karla Lightfoot are helping women

transition1 from unemployment to entrepreneurship2

As co-presidents of the Ladies Who Launch New York

division, Grizont and Lightfoot put wanna-be3

businesswomen through a rigorous 4-week program to bring their ideas to reality

At this session4 in Manhattan, a group of women share plans for products as varied5 as special socks for high heels to a parking garage guidebook

Jessi Walter lost her job as a credit strategist6 at Bear Sterns 14 months ago With guidance from Ladies Who Launch, she started her company Cupcake Kids!, which gives cooking classes and parties for children She's not making as much as she did in the financial services industry but the company is turning a profit

"Most of the revenue of Cupcake Kids I'm pouring back into it Because I have so many ideas for expansion that I want to keep growing it."

Almost half of the ladies meeting here decided to take the plunge8 after being laid off9, says Stella Grizont

"Business is up for us because now, as people are unemployed, they're becoming their

own agents, they're becoming their own bosses, just by sheer10 circumstance And what we're doing is helping them create a platform for themselves and giving them the tools they need to operate as their own boss."

Karla Lightfoot says starting a business definitely takes a financial commitment11 A year long membership to Ladies Who Launch, for example, costs $425

"A lot of people come to us because they have a severance12 package And so, you know, what we're finding is there's a group of people who get laid off, they're excited, it's like they've gotten permission to follow their dreams, in a way And they're like, I didn't really like that job anyway."

Grizont and Lightfoot - both veterans of Corporate America, - say most of their clients have lost confidence in that world and are now realizing that do-it-yourself also applies to financial security

1 transition (n) ~ (from sth) (to sth)| ~ (between A and B) the process or a period

of changing from one state or condition to another: sự chuyển tiếp, sự quá độ

2 entrepreneur (n) a person who makes money by starting or running businesses,

especially when this involves taking financial risks: doanh nhân

ð entrepreneurship (n)

3 wanna-be (a) would-be [only before noun] used to describe sb who is hoping to

become the type of person mentioned: tương lai

a would-be actor (một diễn viên tương lai)

4 session (n) a period of time that is spent doing a particular activity: khoá, kỳ họp; hội

nghị

5 varied (a) of many different types: đa dạng

a wide and varied selection of cheeses

6 strategist (n) a person who is skilled at planning things, especially military activities:

nhà chiến lược

a brilliant political strategist

7 revenue (n) U] (also rev•enues [pl.]) the money that a government receives from

taxes or that an organization, etc receives from its business RECEIPTS: doanh thu, thu nhập

8 take the plunge (idm) to decide to do sth important or difficult, especially after

thinking about it for a long time: quyết định làm điều gì quan trọng hoặc khó khăn, đặc biệt là sau khi suy nghi một thời gian dài

9 lay off (PHR V) to stop employing sb because there is not enough work for them to do

MAKE SB REDUNDANT: sa thải

10 sheer (a) [only before noun] complete and not mixed with anything else UTTER: hoàn toàn, tuyệt đối

11 commitment (n) [U, C] ~ (of sth) (to sth) agreeing to use money, time or people

in order to achieve sth: sự cam kết