When back is used with separable phrasal verbs, the object must separate the verb and particle, and back must be placed between the object and the particle: / put the engine back togethe
Trang 15 Mike wasn't at work today He sick
6 When Bill flies to Los Angeles, he always in Bangkok
7 The car dealer said he'll give me a good deal if I _ _ my old car
8 We the notices all over town
9 The memo from the personnel office a lot of confusion about the new
vacation policy
10 This weather is terrible I wonder if this storm is ever going to
11 Turn the heater on, and the room will right
12.^'Nancy was driving too fast, so I told her to
13 The teacher won't the tests until the students are quiet
14 After you finish writing your report, it and give it to me
15 Paul's from Colombia, but he hasn't there for seven years
26 FOCUS ON: phrasal verbs and the adverb back
The adverb back is sometimes used with phrasal verbs to mean again The following sentences have the same meaning:
We got together again We got back together
Back is always placed directly before the particle When back is used with separable phrasal verbs, the object must separate the verb and particle, and back must be placed between the object and the particle:
/ put the engine back together I put back together the engine.
Do not confuse the adverb back, which modifies phrasal verbs, with the particle back that is part of some phrasal verbs (and has the same meaning of again)
Infinitive
get together
get together & gets together getting together got together gotten/got together
get together (with) p.v When two people get together, they meet and spend time together
When you get together with someone, you meet and spend time with
194
Trang 2that person When a man and woman resume a relationship after separating, they get back
together
If you're not busy tomorrow night, would you like to get together?
We're going to get together with Bill and Nancy tomorrow
Judy and Sam had separated, but now they've gotten back together
get-together n An informal gathering is a get-together
I'm having a little get-together tonight Would you like to come?
2 get together p.v When you get things together, you collect them so they are in the
same place
You should get all your tools together so you will have them when you need them
Linda got all her tax records together to show to her accountant
3 get together p.v [informal] When you get yourself together, or get it together, you
gain control of your emotions after you have become upset or emotional
Bob was very upset before the party, but he got it together before the guests came
Hey, get yourself together! Everyone is watching you
Infinitive
go over
go over & goes over going over went over gone over
1 go over (to) p.v When people move from where you are to a place, thing, or person
that is farther away from you, they go over or go over to that place, thing, or person
I'm busy Go over there and stop bothering me
I was hot, so Maria went over to the window and opened it
2 go over (to) p.v When you go to someone's house for a visit, you go over or go over
to that person's house
Have you gone over to Nicole's house to see her new baby yet?
I went over to Erik's for dinner last night
3 go over p.v When you carefully read or review important written material, you go over
it
Here's a magazine article I just finished writing Go over it and tell me what you think
The actor went over his lines before the audition
going-over n When you examine or inspect something carefully, you give it a
going-over
Igave his report a good going-over and found a lot of mistakes
4 go over p.v When you carefully explain something, usually something that is
complicated but important, you go over it
Trang 3Before the trial Hank and his lawyer went over what Hank was going to say
No one understood the manager's plan after he explained it, so he went back over it
5 go over p.v When an idea, suggestion, or performance is accepted and liked by other
people, it goes over
Senator Dolittle's plan to raise taxes didn't go over with the voters
The sinaer's performance went over well with the critics
Infinitive
present tense -ing form past tense past participle
go up
1 go up (to) p.v When you move to a higher level or position, or from south to north, you go
up or go up to that place Go down is the opposite of go up
Suzie came down from her tree house to eat lunch, but she went back up after she finished
I spend the winters in Mexico, and go up to my home in Ohio in the summer
2 go up (to) p.v When the cost, rate, quality, quantity, or level of something increases, it
goes up Go down is the opposite of go up
The price of gas hasn't gone up in two years
In the summer the temperature in Saudi Arabia can go up to 125 degrees
3 go up (to) p.v When a schedule or plan ends at a certain time or date, the schedule or
plan goes up to that time or date
Do you have the new schedule? This one goes up only to the end of April
The teacher gave the students a syllabus that went up to the midterm
4 go up (to) p.v When something extends to a certain point that is farther north or at a
higher elevation, it goes up to that point Go down is the opposite of go up
This trail went up to the base camp at the foot of the mountain
Interstate 5 goes up to Seattle
5 go up (to) p.v When you approach a person, you go up to that person
There's Sarah, Go up and introduce yourself
Janice isn't shy — she went right up to the president of the company and asked for a raise
let in on
let in on & lets in on letting In on let in on let in on
1 let in on p.v When you tell people information that is secret or not widely known, you let
that person in on the information
General Chambers let me in on the top secret information
I'm going to let you In on something not many people know about me
196
Trang 4present tense -ing form past tense past participle
open up
open up & opens up opening up opened up opened up
1 open up p.v When you open something up, you reveal what is inside so that people
can see it
Sofia opened the box up and looked inside
Mike's going to open up his computer to try to find the problem
2 open up p.v When you open a room or building up, you unlock or open the doors so
that people can enter
The office closes at 12:00 for lunch and opens back up at 1:00
The manager was late and didn't open up the store until 10:30
3 open up p.v When a new business starts, it opens up or is opened up by someone
/ was driving through town, and I noticed that a new book store has opened up on Maple Street
Jimmy wants to open up a restaurant near the new office building
put together
put together & puts together putting together put together put together
1 put together p.v When you assemble the parts of something, you put it
together Put together is the opposite of take apart
Sally got a bicycle for her birthday, and her father put it together after dinner
It was easy taking my car's engine apart, but putting it back together was a lot harder
2 put together p.v When you organize some ideas, plans, or suggestions in order
to show them to someone or discuss them with someone, you put them together
Mr and Mrs Flores want to redecorate their house, so they asked an interior designer to put some ideas together
I have an interesting idea for a new business, and I'm putting together a proposal
3 put together p.v When you position people or things so that they are close to each
other or touching, you put them together
The teacher told Timmy and Mike to put their desks together so they could work on their project
When you plan your dinner party seating arrangement, put Heather and Jimmy together
shut off
shut off & shuts off shutting off shut off shut off
1 shut off p.v When you shut off an electrical or mechanical device, you cut the power going to
it so that it stops operating Turn off and switch off are similar to shut off
Trang 5Timmy's mother told him to shut off the TV and go to bed
I'm freezing Would you mind shutting the air conditioner off?
shut off part.adj After you shut off an electrical or mechanical device, it is shut off
Turned off and switched off are similar to shut off
Well, no wonder it's so cold in here — the heat's shut off
shutoff n When you shut off something, or when something shuts off, this action is a
shutoff When you shut off something, you use the shutoff switch, button, valve, and so
on
The electricity shutoff lasted twenty minutes
In case of emergency, turn this shutoff valve here
start up
start up & starts up starting up started up started up
—————————————————————————————————————————————
1 start up p.v When an electrical or mechanical device starts up or someone starts it
up, it begins to operate
My car's engine died at a red light, and it wouldn't start up again
You push this button here to start the computer up
start-up n When you start up something, or something starts up, this action is a
start-up When you start up something, you use the start-up switch, button, and soon
To start the computer up, push this start-up button
If your computer's hard disk crashes, you can use a floppy as the start-up disk
2 start up p.v When you start up a new business or company, you take the steps necessary to begin a new business or company
You should have a detailed business plan before starting a business up
Jane borrowed the money she needed to start up her business from her uncle
start-up n A start-up or start-up business or company is a new business or
company
Most start-up businesses aren't successful.
EXERCISE 26a — Complete the sentences with phrasal verbs from this section Be sure the phrasal verbs are in the correct tense
1 Your important papers are all over the house You should them _ and keep them in a safe place
2 It was so cold this morning that it took half an hour to my car
3 This is awfully complicated Could you it one more time?
4 The police ordered the people in the house to the door
198
Trang 65 The sergeant the hill to look for the enemy soldiers
6 The account executive was asked to some ideas for a new advertising campaign
7 I'm trying to sleep Would you please the lights?
8 Linda saw her favorite movie star, but she was too shy to to him and ask for his autograph
9 I'll you a little secret
10 I'm going to _to Todd's house to help him with his math homework
11 This calendar is useless—it only to August
12 Thank you for your application I will it carefully and call
you in a few days
13 This jigsaw puzzle has 1,000 pieces It'll take forever to it
14 If that big discount store outside of town, all these little shops will go out of business
15 The level of water in the river always falls during the summer but back the next spring
16 Sam's idea of giving all the workers a 10 percent pay raise didn't well with
management
17 I know you're upset, but you have to yourself
18 On Saturday nights Mike usually _ with some friends and plays poker
19 As soon as we arrived at the party, David to the buffet table and grabbed a plate
20 Without the combination, there's no way to this safe
21 _ all your Spanish books on the same shelf
22 This road to the next town, but that's where it ends
23 I'll need around $25,000 to my new business
199
Trang 7EXERCISE 26b — Write three sentences using the objects in parentheses Be sure to put the objects in the right place
1 I wish they would open up near me (a branch office, one)
2 Lydia put together, (the food processor, it)
3 Do you know how to shut off? (the photocopier, it)
4 Push this button to start up (the generator, it)
EXERCISE 26c — Write answers to the questions using phrasal verbs and nouns from this section Be sure the phrasal verbs are in the correct tense
1 Frank read my report carefully What did Frank do to my report?
2 In Question 1, what did Frank give my report?
3 Judy walked toward the king, stopped next to him, and gave him the petition What did Judy do
to the king?
4 Mike told me a secret What did Mike do?
5 Bill and some friends are going to meet and spend some time together What are Bill and his friends going to do?
200
Trang 86 In Question 5, what is this activity called?
7 My computer begins to operate from the hard disk What does my computer do from the hard disk?
8 In Question 7, what would you call the hard disk?
9 The mayor's plan to fight crime in the streets was very successful with the voters What impression did the mayor's plan have
on the voters?
10 The heater stops operating automatically when the temperature reaches a certain point What does the heater do
automatically?
11 In Question 10, what is the temperature that makes the heater stop operating called?
12 You quit your job so that you could begin your own company Why did you quit your job?
13 In Question 12, what would you call your new company?
14 You assembled all the parts of your model airplane What did you do to your model airplane?
15 This airplane schedule gives flight times until December 31 What does the airplane schedule do?
16 The supermarket unlocks its doors and lets people in at 7:00 A.M every day What does the supermarket do at 7:00
A.M every day?
EXERCISE 26d, Review — Complete the sentences with these phrasal verbs from-*
previous sections Be sure the phrasal verbs are in the correct tense To check their
meanings, review the section number given after each one
do with, 25 have on, 25 look over, 21 settle for, 25
end up, 20 hurry up, 25 pick on, 21 show off, 24
go off, 20 knock over, 25 plan ahead, 25 take out on, 21
go on, 20 lighten up, 25 put on, 1 think up, 25
1 I'm asking $10,000 for my car, but I'll $8,500
2 That new manager is really hard on the employees He ought to
3 At the supermarket, Tom hit the stack of boxes with his shopping cart and them
201
Trang 94 We had planned to go to France on our vacation, but we going to Spain instead
5 Will you ! If we don't leave soon we're going to be late
6 Mark hates his job, and he comes home every night and it _ his family
7 My doctor got the test results from the lab, and she them very carefully
8 your coat It's cold outside
9 Don't wait until the last minute to make your vacation airline reservations You have to _
10 The detective didn't believe that the gun had accidentally
11 I hated my older brother when I was a kid He always me
12 How are we going to get $500 in two days? We need to _ a good plan
13 I didn't understand everything the computer shop guy said, but it had something to memory
14 Jim tries to answer every question the teacher asks He's always _
15 That meeting was so boring It seemed like it was going to _ _ forever
16 The police officer must be off duty; he doesn't his uniform
27 FOCUS ON: phrasal verbs with the particle
The particle off is used in many phrasal verbs to say that something is separated or removed:
The cup handle broke (The handle is broken, but it is still attached to the cup.) The cup handle broke off (The handle is no longer attached to the cup.)
Right, discussed in Section 19, is often used with these phrasal verbs to indicate that the action of the verb happened quickly:
202
Trang 10He washed the dirt off (The dirt was removed.) He washed the dirt right off (The dirt was removed quickly.)
Remember that right can be used in this way only after an object that separates the verb and the particle:
He washed the dirt right off Ho
washed right off the dirt.
Infinitive
present tense -ing form past tense past participle
bite off
bite off & bites off biting off bit off bitten off
1 bite off p.v When you bite off something, you use your teeth to remove a piece When
you bite off more than you can chew, you agree to do something that you do not have the
time or the ability to do
The lion bit off a huge piece of the zebra's flesh
You can't finish that huge project by tomorrow I think you've bitten off more than you can chew
break off
break off & breaks off breaking off broke off broken off
1 break off p.v When something breaks off or someone breaks something off, a part
or smaller piece is separated from something larger by force
Jim broke off a piece of chocolate and gave it to his girlfriend
One of the arms broke off the statue when it fell off the pedestal
broken off part.adj After something breaks off, it is broken off
The handle of the coffee cup is broken off
1 break off p.v When you break off relations or contact with someone, you decide to end relations or contact with that person
The two countries broke off relations with each other
I was so angry at my in-laws that I broke off alt contact with them
dry off
dry off & dries off drying off dried off dried off
1 dry off p.v When something dries off or you dry something off, water or other liquids that are on it evaporate
It rained for only a few minutes, so the streets dried off quickly
Leave your wet clothes outside and let the sun dry them off
dried off part.adj After something has dried off, it is dried off
They can't play baseball because the field isn't dried off