Tuy nhien, viec N H N N mdi day yeu cau cac ngan hang bao cao la vd ciing can thiet bdi n h u the N H N N mdi cd the nam viing tinh tiang Idi Id trong hoat ddng kinh doanh vang c[r]
Trang 1[Doanli nghiep - Doanli nhan]
Nan giai
binh on thi triroing vdng?
TU C H U Y E N TRANH CAI
C O N G N H A N VANG LA
NGOAI T E
Trudc thuc te' thi trudng vang gay
ra khdng it he luy, Hiep hdi Kinh
doanh vang d u dinh kie'n nghi len
N H N N dua vang ra khdi danh
sach mat hang xua't nhap khau va
xem day la mgt loai hang hoa dae
biet Theo dd, hien Viet Nam van
chua cdng nhan vang la mdt ngoai
te trong khi cac nudc khac deu
coi day la mdt ngoai te manh va
la cdng cu d u trii quan trgng (du
trii vang d My len tdi 64%, chau
Au tren 50% ) Do dd, viec vang
hien van bi tinh vao mat hang nhap
khau se lam tang ty le nhap sieu ma
lai han che su phat trien tu do ciia
thi trudng vang trong khi ne'u tha
ndi viec nhap khau vang theo nhu
cau thi trudng se khdng anh h u d n g
de'n can can t h u o n g mai "Duong
nhien, gia vang trong n u d c se ve
bang vdi gia vang the' gidi chir
khdng chenh vdi gia vang the' gidi
n h u thdi gian vira qua BQii do viec
d u doan gia vang trong nudc se
don gian hon, bdi gia vang trong
nudc ciing se bien thien cimg vdi
gia vang the gidi", dng Dinh N h o
Bang, Tdng Thu ky Hiep hdi Kinh
doanh vang Viet Nam li giai
Tuy nhien, trong khi kien nghi cua
»TUAN KIET Cac chuyen gia kinh te deu co chung nhan djnh, neu Ngan hang Nha nuoc (NHNN) binh dn dugc thj truong vang se mang lai nhieu Igi ich cho nen kinh te, cu the: gop phan dn dinh gia USD tien mat, han che tinh trang buon lau vang, gop phan dn djnh tien te trong nuDc Tuy nhien, thoi gian gan day thj truong vang lien tuc ndi song va gay ra nhung bien dgng trong dieu hanh vTmo cung nhu cugc song cua nguoi dan Binh dn thj truong vang ra sao trong thoi gian toi vin con la cau hoi Ion khi ma con qua nhieu tranh cai xung quanh van de nay
Hiep hdi kinh doanh vang Viet
N a m chua kip d u a ra thi Thd'ng dd'c Nguyen Van Giau k h i n g dinh N H N N chua tinh de'n viec nay Theo dd, viec n h a p vang phai dimg de'n ngoai te, n h u vay thi van
cd anh h u o n g de'n can can thanh toan H o n nira, ne'u lo l i n g nguy
CO n h a p sieu thi cung can phai nhin tir nhieu phia, chii khdng nen cho rang vang la nguyen nhan chinh;
cdn de on dinh thi t r u d n g vang thi
N H N N se tiiy theo thdi diem ma tinh toan chii khdng nha't thiet phai dua vang ra khdi thd'ng ke xua't
n h a p khau Li giai them ve mdi Io ngai n h a p sieu do n h a p khau vang
gay ra, Thd'ng dd'c Giau khang dinh viec n h a p vang khie'n nhap sieu
cd the tang len n h u n g khdng anh
h u d n g nhieu tdi can can tdng the vi chang bag gid xay ra chuyen Viet
N a m cd nhu cau Idn de'n mue "toan dan n h a p vang ve tieu dung" Hon niia, neu doanh nghiep, hay ngan hang n h a p vang ve vdi mue dieh kinh doanh vang mieng hay nir trang thi dd la h a n g hda, phai dua vao rd tinh can can thanh toan va tinh thue xua't n h a p khau binh thudng nham tang nguon thu cho NSNN Mdt so chuyen gia tai chinh Cling cho rang vang nen chiu su quan ly ciia N H N N , vi thuc ra,
TAP CHi P H A P LY 4 ^ 0 ( L Ol i n \ M , 5/2010
Trang 2[Doanh nghiep - Doanli nhan]
i''
tai Viet Nam vang la cdng cu thanh
toan va dinh gia ciia ngudi dan tir
trudc de'n nay Vi vay, nen de vang
tiong rd tinh toan can can t h u o n g
mai de de kiem soat va quota xua't
nhap do N H N N tinh toan n h u hien
nay van td't hon
DEN VIEC C A M HOAT
DONG HUY D O N G VA C H O
VAY V A N G ?
Mdt so thdng tin cho bie't, N H N N
dang nghien ciiu viec khdng cho
phep thuc hien hoat ddng huy ddng
va cho vay bang vang tiong thdi
gian tdi do tiem an nhieu nii ro Tuy
nhien, van de nay dang gap khdng it
y kie'n ngugc chieu bdi ne'u N H N N
cam han hoat ddng huy ddng va cho
e{5)?ifii
vay vang ciia cac ngan hang thdi
diem nay thi se la lang phi ldn Theo
dng Huynh Trung Khanh, thanh
vien Hgi ddng vang the' gidi, Phd
Chii tich Hiep hdi kinh doanh vang
Viet Nam, hien nay trong dan dang
giir it nha't khoang 500 tan vang, tinh
ra gan 20 ti USD Day la mdt nguon
lire khdng nhd va ne'u tan d u n g
dugc se giup giam d u g c viec vay n g
nudc ngoai Them vao dd, theo giam
dd'c mdt ngan hang cd phan, ne'u
NHNN cdn ban khoan ve van de an
toan cho he thd'ng ngan hang thi cd
the quy dinh huy ddng vang tren
tdng tai san la bao nhieu thi dugc,
du tru bat bugc n h u the' nao, trang
thai ngoai hoi ra sao, ty le cho vay vang tren huy dgng la bao nhieu
Cdn viec khdng cho phep thuc hien hoat ddng huy ddng va cho vay bang vang can cd Id trinh thich hgp
Chia se them ve van de nay, PGS-TS Tran Hoang Ngan, Phd Hieu trudng trudng Dai hgc Kinh te' Tp.HCM cho rang, ne'u cac ngan hang thuong mai chung minh rang hoat ddng huy ddng va cho vay vang van can thiet thi N H N N khdng cd ly do gi
de ngan cam chuyen dd Tuy nhien, viec N H N N mdi day yeu cau cac ngan hang bao cao la vd ciing can thiet bdi n h u the N H N N mdi cd the nam viing tinh tiang Idi Id trong hoat ddng kinh doanh vang ciia cac ngan hang n h u the' nao de phuc vu cho cdng tac dieu hanh chinh sach
vT md vi vang cdn anh hudng ty gia, de'n han ngaeh nhap khau vang, va
ca de'n d u trii ngoai hoi
Ta't nhien, ddng thai nghien ciiu de cam ngan hang huy ddng va cho vay vang ciia N H N N cung cd co sd bdi chinh hoat ddng nay da timg gay sdng gid tren thi trudng vang vao nam 2009, khie'n gia vang leo thang
va nhieu doanh nghiep kinh doanh vang gan n h u pha san Hon nira, day se la xu hudng ta't ye'u trong tuong lai vi quan diem ciia Chinh phii la hudng tdi mdt vat ngang gia chung la ddng Viet Nam va n h u vay, khi dd nhu cau vay vang de kinh doanh, mua nha se khdng cdn (va ta't nhien, ngan hang d i n g khdng mud'n huy ddng vang lam gi niia)
Hon nira, van de hien nay la lam sao
N H N N dn dinh dugc ddng tien, lam cho ddng Viet Nam thuc su cd gia tri, dap iing nhu cau day la p h u o n g tien trao ddi, thanh toan thi liic dd vang se rut khdi luu thdng va chi ddng vai trd p h u o n g tien cat trii
N h u vay, ve lau dai, phai lam cho vang chi ddng vai trd p h u a n g tien
d u trii, cdn ne'u ngudi dan giri vang vao ngan hang thi phai tia phi cho ngan hang, cdn ngudi dan se khdng
d u g c hudng Iai sua't gi
Xung quanh cau chuyen binh on thi trudng vang, PGS-TS Tran Hoang Ngan d i n g cho rang, Chinh phii nen phat hanh them trai phie'u bang vang Khi thu dugc vang tii dan,
N H N N cd the ban ra de mua tien ddng hoac USD dua vao nen kinh
te, rdi de'n khi dao han, N H N N d i n g
cd the mua vang tai thi trudng nudc ngoai de tra Iai cho dan (ta't nhien nen mua theo cac h g p ddng tuong lai de bao dam gia, tranh riii ro cho
he thd'ng ngan hang) Viec huy ddng vd'n vang tiong dan vira tao thanh khoan cho vang vtra giiip NSNN cd them vd'n de trien khai cac d u an, tang d u trii ngoai hdi qud'c gia, giam lugng ngoai te de nhap vang, va cac cdng ty cd the mua vang tir Chinh phii de san xua't ra nir tiang Hien nay, viec huy ddng vd'n vang trong dan dugc thuc hien bdi nhieu nudc tien the'gidi
Phd Thd'ng dd'c N H N N Nguyen Van Binh timg ca than, hien chiic nang quan ly ciia N H N N ddi vdi vang theo cac van ban phap luat lien quan cdn cd su khac biet Theo Luat Ngan hang Nha nudc, N H N N
cd trach nhiem quan ly hoat ddng kinh doanh vang nhung theo Phap lenh Ngoai hoi va cac nghi dinh ciia Chinh phii, co quan chi quan ly mdt
so hoat ddng lien quan de'n kinh doanh vang Trong khi dd, cac hoat ddng mua ban, san xua't gia cdng vang ciia doanh nghiep; boat dgng xua't nhap khau vang trang siic, my nghe thudc su quan ly, cap phep ciia Sd Ke' hoaeh - Dau tu, Bd Cdng Thuong, Bd Tai chinh Chinh su quan ly chdng cheo nay d i n g gay ra nhirng khd khan cho N H N N va ca trong dieu tie't vT md ciia Chinh phii, khie'n vang "ddng gdp" vao nhap sieu la chuyen khd tranh khdi Va mdt khi cdn qua nhieu van de chua
rd rang tren thi trudng vang, trong khi gia tri ddng Vi$t Nam van chua dugc de cao, e rang binh dn dugc thi trudng vang khdng he don gian, theo kieu "quan ehd nay Iai hd ehd khac" ma thdi.3€
SIX l;(>l r l l \ N ( 5/2010 •TAPCHIPHAPLY