UNIT 4 - dành cho hs yếu

to attend V Tham gia, tham dự -> politely Adv Một cách lịch sự 6.. terrible Adj Khủng khiếp, ghê tởm -> politeness N Cử chỉ lịch sự, hành động lễ phép -> terribly Adv Rất, rất tệ 7.. per

UNIT 4: LEARNING A FOREIN LANGUAGUE

(Học một ngoại ngữ )

Foreign language

foreigner

Người nước ngoài

2 to examine V Kiểm tra, hỏi thi 25 look forward to + n /

V-ing

Trông chờ, mong đợi -> examiner N Giám khảo 26 to state V Nói rõ, phát biểu, tuyên bố -> examinee =

candidate

N Thí sinh 27 to supply V Cung cấp, tiếp tế, đáp ứng

3 to go on =

continue

V Tiếp tục -> supply N Nguồn cung cấp, sự tiếp tế

4 aspect N Mặt, khía cạnh 28 polite # impolite Adj Lịch sự, lễ phép # Bất lịch

sự, vô lễ

5 to attend V Tham gia, tham dự -> politely Adv Một cách lịch sự

6 terrible Adj Khủng khiếp, ghê tởm -> politeness N Cử chỉ lịch sự, hành động lễ

phép -> terribly Adv Rất, rất tệ

7 oral Adj Nói miệng (không viết)

-> oral examination N Ký thi vấn đáp

-> written

examination

Kỳ thi viết

10 to persuade V Thuyết phục

-> persuasion N Sự thuyết phục hoặc bị

thuyết phục -> persuasive adj Có sức thuyết phục

11 dormitory N Ký túc xá, nhà tập thể

12 campus N Khuôn viên (trường đại

học)

13 reputation N Sự nổi danh, danh

tiếng

14 scenery N Phong cảnh, cảnh vật

15 intermediate

( level)

16 advanced (level)

adj adj

Trình độ trung cấp Trình độ nâng cao, cao

cấp

17 well-qualified adj Đủ trình độ chuyên

môn

19 advertisement N Sự quảng cáo, mẩu

quảng cáo -> to advertise V Thông báo, quảng cáo

20 tuition N Học phí, sự dạy kèm

21 edition N Lần xuất bản, bản in

-> to detail V Mô tả đầy đủ, chi tiết

UNIT 4: LEARNING A FOREIN LANGUAGUE

I/ NEW WORDS

1 experience (n,v):

kinh nghiệm, kinh

qua

have experience

in doing s.th: có

kinh nghiệm

trong việc gì

experienced (adj):

có kinh nghiệm

inexperienced

(adj): thiếu kinh

nghiệm

inexperience (n):

sự thiếu kinh

nghiệm

2 qualify (v): đủ

trình độ

qualification (n):

trình độ

well-qualified

(for) (adj): có

trình độ cao

3 exact (adj): chính

xác

exactly (adv): một

cách chính xác

inexact (adj):

không chính xác

4 terrible (adj): tồi

tệ

terribly (adv)

5 exam (n): kỳ thi

examination (n):

kỳ thi

examine (v):

khám xét, khám

bệnh

examiner (n):

giám khảo, người

giám xét

examinee (n): thí

sinh

6 approximate

(adj): xấp xỉ

approximately

(adv)

7 repute (n): danh

tiếng

reputation (n):

danh tiếng

8 expense (n): chi

tiêu

expensive (adj):

mắc tiền

inexpensive (adj):

không tốn nhiều tiền

expensively (adv): tốn tiền

inexpensively

(adv): không tốn nhiều tiền

9 agree (v): đồng ý agreement (n): sự đồng ý, thỏa thuận disagree (v):

không đồng ý disagreement (n):

sự không đồng ý

10 improve (v): cải thiện, tiến bộ improvement (n):

sự tiến bộ

11 advertise (v):

quảng cáo advertisement = advert (n): mẩu quảng cáo advertiser (n):

người đăng quảng cáo

12 inform (v): thông báo

information (n):

thông tin informative (adj):

cung cấp nhiều thông tin misinform (v):

thông báo sai

13 edit (v): biên tập edition (n): ấn bản, đợt phát hành (báo, tạp chí)

editor (n): biên tập viên editorial (adj):

thuộc về biên tập

14 award (n/v):

Thưởng, giải thưởng

15 attend (v): tham gia

attendance (n): sự tham gia, tham dự attendant (a): có tham gia

16 persuade (v):

thuyết phục persuasion (n): sự thuyết phục persuasive (a): có tính thuyết phục persuasively (adv): một cách thuyết phục dissuade (v): can ngăn, ngăn cản

17 publish (v) : xuất bản

publisher (n): nhà xuất bản

publishing (n): Cv xuát bản, nghề xuất bản published (a):

được xuất bản unpublished (a):

không được xuất bản

18 polite (a): lịch sự politeness (n); sự lịch sự

politely (adv): 1 cách lịch sự impolite (a): bất lịch sự

impolitely (adv);

một cách bất lịch sự

19 express (v): diễn đạt, phát biểu ý kiến

expression (n): sự biểu lộ, diễn cảm, phát biểu

expressive (a): co

ý nghĩa, đầy diễn cảm

expressively (adv): một cách ý nghĩa, diễn cảm

20 describe (v): miêu tả

description (n); sự miêu tả

describable (a):

có thể miêu tả được

descriptive (a): diễn tả, mô tả descriptively (adv): 1 cách diễn

tả, mô tả được

21 introduce (v): giới thiệu

introduction (n):

sự giới thiệu, mở đầu, lời đầu tiên introductive (a):

để giới thiệu, mở đầu

introductory (a):

để giới thiệu, mở đầu

22 advertise (v): quảng cáo advertisement (n):

sự quảng cáo, mẩu quảng cáo advertiser (n); nhà quảng cáo

I CONDITIONAL SENTENCE (LOAị 1: Có khả năng xảy ra ở Hiện tại, Tlai Mệnh đề với IF Mệnh đề chính Ví dụ

…

S + will / can / may / must + V 0

(S + will / can / … + not + V 0) If I have money, I will buy a new car I will buy a new car if I have money

S + V 0 / V s / es

(S + don’t / doesn’t + V 0 )

If Tam has enough time, he usually walks to school

He usually walks to school if Tam has enough time

V 0 / please + V 0 / don’t + V 0 If you hear from Jane, please call me

Please call me if you hear from Jane

* Lưu ý khi viết lại câu với IF:

- Thường trong câu có dạng :

V 0 + …… and + S + will + V 0 → If + S + V 0 , S + will + V 0

Ex: Stand there and you will be safe → If you stand there, you will be safe

V 0 + … or + S + will + V 0 → If + S + don’t/ doesn’t + V 0 , S + will + V 0

If + S + V 0 , S + will + not + V 0

Ex: Get out or I will call the police → If you don’t get out, I will call the police

If you get out, I will not call the police

EXERCISE 1: Use the correct tense of the verb in parentheses:

1 If I see him, I (give) ……… him a lift

2 Ice (turn) ……… into water ifyou heat it

3 If you see him, (tell) ……… to ring me up

4 If you (not believe) ……… what I sary, ask your mother

5 If you come here, they (not let) ………you in

6 If you (not like) ………it, I’ll bring you another

7 If tomorrow (be) ……… Sunday, I won’t get up early

8 Tom (not, open) ……… the windows if the wind becomes stronger

9 Mary will give you a ring if she (not, work)……… this evening

10 If the young man (take) ……… off his coat, he will get a cold

11 If you sing well, everyone (clap) ……… their hands

12 If you feel sad, (talk) ………to me

EXERCISE 2: Rewrite the following sentences

1 Study hard and you will pass the exam.

 If

2 Save some money or you won’t able to buy the house.

 If

3 Be good or your parents will be very unhappy.

 If

4 Do it carefully or you’ll feel sorry afterwards.

 If

5 Ask him first and he will offer to help.

 If

6 Be calm or you’ll make a wrong decision.

 If

7 Be careful or you’ll cut yourself with that knife.

 If

II REPORTED SPEECH (lùi thì)

1.Hiện tại đơn (Simple Present)

2.Hiện tại tiếp diễn (Present Continuous)

3.Tương lai đơn (Simple Future)

4 Quá khứ đơn (Simple Past)

→1.Quá khứ đơn (Simple Past)

→2.Quá khứ tiếp diễn (Past Continuous)

→3.Tương lai ở quá khứ ( Future in the past : Would + V)

→4 Quá khứ đơn (Simple Past)

Thay đổi các trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn và thời gian

Trực tiếp Gián tiếp Trực tiếp Gián tiếp

Now

Here

Those Then There

Tomorrow Next week/ month/ year Tonight

The next day / The following day The following week / month / Year that night

Trong câu tường thuật , động từ khiếm khuyết MUST thường được chuyển thành HAD TO ,

NEEDN'T chuyển thành DID NOT HAVE TO , nhưng MUST , SHOULD , SHOULDN'T khi chỉ sự cấm đoán , lời khuyên vẫn được giữ nguyên

eg : 1 His father said to him : "You must study harder"

=> Hisfather told him that he had to study harder

2 Hoa said :"You needn't water the flowers because it rained last night"

=> Hoa said that he didn't have to water the flowers because it had rained the day before

3 The doctor said to Nam : "You should stay in bed"

=> The doctor told Nam that he should stay in bed

Nếu câu nói trực tiếp diễn tả 1 sự thật hiển nhiên thì khi chuyển sang câu tường thuật động từ vẫn không đổi

eg : The professor said : "The moon revolves around the earth"

=> The professor said that the moon revolves around the earth

Nếu động từ giới thiệu trong câu nói trực tiếp ở thì hiện tại hoặc tương lai ( SAY/WILL SAY , HAVESAID .) thì động từ trong câu tường thuật và các trạng từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn khi được đổi sang vẫn không đổi

eg: She says : "The train will leave here in 5 minutes"

=> She says that the train will leave there in 5 minutes

CHANGE THE PERSONAL PRONOUNS AND POSSESIVE PRONOUNS

Trực tiếp Gián tiếp Trực tiếp Gián tiếp

Cách chuyển câu hỏi (Questions) :

Bước 1: Đổi động từ giói thiệu Said thành Asked ( hoặc WONDERED , WANTED TO KNOW )sau đó

thêm Tân ngữ từ sau động từ ASKED nếu cần thiết ( EX : Asked me , asked Tom )

Bước 2: Bỏ dấu 2 chấm , dấu ngoặc kép và dấu chấm hỏi

Bước 3: Lặp lại từ nghi vấn ( WHO , WHEN WHAT ) của câu nói trực tiếp Nếu câu nói trực tiếp

không có từ nghi vấn thì đặt IF hay WHETHER + S + V lùi thì

Bước 4: Chuyển Chủ ngữ, Động từ lùi thì, Trạng ngữ, Sở hữu cho phù hợp

eg : 1 Dung said :"What are you doing now ?"

= > Dung asked me what I was doing then.

2 Dung asked him: "Do you like swimming?"

= > Dung asked him if he liked swimming

Cách chuyển câu nói trực tiếp là câu cầu khiến, đề nghị, nhờ vả, xin phép

Bước 1: Đổi động từ giới thiệu sang TELL (hoặc AsK , ODER , BEG ) tùy theo ý nghĩa của câu

Sau đó thêm bổ túc từ vào sau TELL (hoặc AsK , ODER , BEG )

eg : Ask him , Order the soldier, tell me

Bước 2: Bỏ dấu 2 chấm , dấu ngoặc kép , dấu chấm than và từ PLEASE ( nếu có)

Bước 3- 1: Nếu câu cầu khiến ở thể khẳng định , ta đổi động từ sang nguyên mẫu có TO theo mẫu :

S + TELL / ASK / + O + TO + Vo

eg :1/ She said : "Close the door and go away !"

= > She told me to close the door and go away

2/ The commandor said to his soldier : “Shoot !"

= >The commandor ordered his soldier to shoot

Bước 3-2: Nếu câu cầu khiến ở thể phủ định , ta đổi động từ theo mẫu

TELL / ASK / + PRONOUN / NOUN / + NOT +TO + Vo

eg :

Nam said to his brother : "Don't turn of the radio"

= > Nam told his brother not to turn of the radio

+ Đổi đại từ nhân xưng , tính từ sỡ hữu , trạng từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn như các trường hợp trước nếu cần thiết theo công thức:

1 Câu phát biểu S 1 + said : “S + V + O”

S 1 + said to O 1 : “S + V + O”

S 1 + said that + S + V lùi + O

S 1 + told + O 1+ that + S + V lùi + O

2 Câu hỏi Yes / No

(K bắt đầu bằng

chữ WH)

S 1 + asked+ O 1 , “Trợ động từ + S + V 0 + O?” S 1 + asked + IF + S + V chính lùi + O

3 Câu hỏi WH

(what, how ) S 1 + asked+ O 1 ,“Wh- + Trợ động từ + S + V 0 + O?” S 1 + asked Wh- + S + V lùi + O

4 Câu mệnh lệnh

khẳng định S 1 + told + O 1 : “V 0 ………….” S 1 + told + O + to + Vo…

5 Câu mệnh lệnh

phủ định S 1 + told + O 1 : “DON’T + V 0 ………….” S 1 + told + O + NOT + TO + Vo

6 Câu lời khuyên S 1 + told + O 1 : “S + should + V 0 ………….” S 1 + told + S + should + V 0 EXERCISES 1: Choose a suitable word for each blank to complete the sentences 1 She said she was cooking dinner………(here/ then/ now/ that day) 2 He told me he……… TV at that moment (am watching/ were watching/ was watching/ watched) 3 The boy said he usually……… to school by bus ( goes/ go/ went/ is going) 4 Linda told me she ………me the following week ( will visit/ can visit/ visited/ would visit) 5 The boy said he……… to Quang Trung school (goes/ went/ is going/ were going) 6 Liz told Ba Vietnamese people………very friendly (were/ was/ are/ is) 7 Uncle Tam said Quang……… there then ( isn’t/ wasn’t/ were/ is) EXERCISE: Change into reported speech: 1 I’ll go to my village next week She said ………  She said ………

2 I’m not enjoying myjob very much Susan said ………  She said ………

3 We have to go now They said ………  She said ………

4 I don’t like cartoons Nam ………  She said ………

5 I haven’t seen David foe ages She said ………  She said ………

6 He said, “I’m working for a foreign company”  He said ………

7 Mary said, “I go to school by bicycle.”  Mary said ………

8 Nam said, “I want to be rich and famous.”  Nam said ………

9 “I will answer the phone.” my mother said to my father  My mother told my father ………

10 “I’ll not be able to come with you.” Ann said to Tom  Ann said to Tom ………

EXERCISE 2: : How old are you? They asked me how old  She said ……… I was 1 What is your name? She asked me ………  She said ………

2 How many children do you have? They asked her ………  She said ………

3 What exam will you take? I asked him ………  She said ………

4 Where is he from? I asked Minh ………  She said ………

5 She asked me : “How old are you now ?”  She asked me………

6 John said : “How long does it take you to get to London, Mary ?”  John asked Mary ………

7 The policeman asked the little girl : “What’s your name ?”  The policeman asked the little girl………

8 He said : “Where can I find her in this town ?”  He asked me ………

9 Helen said : “What did you say, Jack ?”  Helen asked Jack ………

EXERCISE 3: : Are you OK? They asked me  She said ……… IF I was OK 1 Can you drive? I asked him ………  She said ………

2 Do you like animals? They wanted to know ………  She said ………

3 Are you willing to work on Saturday s? He asked me ………  She said ………

4 Is she a teacher? Lan asked me ………  She said ………

5 Paul said : “Can you swim, Mary ?”  Paul said Mary ………

6 She asked her son : “Do you know which is the cup you used ?”  She asked her son ………

7 He said : “Will it rain tonight ?”  He asked me ……….

EXERCISE 4 : (Don’t) Get out He ordered the student (not)  She said ……… to get out 1 Stay inside The mother told her children ………  She said ………

2 Don’t stay up late They asked me ………  She said ………

3 Keep silent, please He told his boy ………  She said ………

4 Please, don’t talk in class We asked them ………  She said ………

5 'Switch off the TV,' he said to her.  He asked ker ………

6 ‘Shut the door, Tom,' she said  She told Tom ………

7 'Don't watch late-night horror movies,' I warned them  I warned them ………

8 Don't believe everything you hear,' he warned me  He warned me ………

9 'Don't touch that switch, Mary,' I said  I asked Mary ………

10 'Don't hurry,' I said  I told him ………

11 ‘Please fill up this form,' the secretary said  The secretary told me ………

EXERCISE 5: Change the following sentences into reported speech 1 “I’m tired of eating fish”, said Mary to Hellen Mary told Helen……… ………

 She said ………

2 “You must do your homework every day.”, said Miss Borne to us Miss Borne told us ……… ………

 She said ………

3 “Will we read the story?”, Billy said to his teacher Billy asked his teacher ………

 She said ………

4.“ Is it me you want to speak to ?” , Mary asked her boss Mary asked her boss………

 She said ………

5 “Where are you going for your holidays?, asked Martha Martha asked her girlfriend………

 She said ………

6.“ Don’t go near the water, children”, said she She told her children ………

 She said ………

7.He said, “ I’ll be here again tomorrow” He said that ………

 She said ………

8.We said to them, “ Your houses are very nice” We told them ………

 She said ………

9.She said,” How do you go to the circus?” She asked his brother ………

 She said ………

10.“ How many classes are there in your school?” my mother asked My mother asked me ………

 She said ………

11 “ Don’t forget to turn off the lights “ He said He told his wife ………

 She said ………

12 “Listen to me and don’t make a noise in class.”, said the teacher to his students

The teacher told his students ……….

TEST FOR UNIT 4

I/ GRAMMAR

a/ Multiple choice

1 If she……….time, she will write to you

a/ have b/ has c/ will have d/ had

2 If you want to lose weight , you ………go on a strict diet

a/ can b/ could c/ should d/ may

3 If Mary doesn’t improve in English, we……… have to find a tutor for her

a/ will b/ can c/ should d/ would

4 You ……… pass the driving test, if you follow the instructor’s advice

a/ must b/ can c/ could d/ shall

5 If you study hard, you……… the exam

a/ would b/ will c/ must d/ should

6 She asked me if I ………pop music

a/ liked b/ likes c/ like d/ has liked

7 She asked me ………

a/ if I am thirsty b/ If I was thirsty c/ If I were thirsty d/ If was I thirsty

8 The man asked me if I ……….a student

a/ am b/ were c/ was d/ will be

9 He said he ………to visit me the following day

a/ will come b/ would come c/ came d/ come

10 She asked him if he ……… play tennis

a/ can b/ will c/ would d/ must

11 His father asked him if he ………the exam

a/ pass b/ passed c/ will pass d/ passes

12 He asked me where I ……… now ?

a/ live b/ lived c/ would live d/ had lived

13 My father said I ………learn hard

a/ have to b/ must c/ had to d/ can

14 She aksed me how many languages I ………

a/ can speak b/ could speak c/ speak d/ will speak

15 I asked his brother how he……….to school

a/ goes b / go c/ will go d/ went

b/ Supply the correct verb form

1 If you……… ( study ) hard, you will pass the written examination

2 If the weather ………( be ) fine, We will go for a picnic

3 He ………( write ) to you if he has time

4 They……… ( have ) a lot of fun if they come there

5 If she……… ( not hurry ), she will miss the bus

6 You would feel better if you……… a short rest ( take )

7 What……….if the moon disappeared ? ( happen )

8 If I ……… a bird, I would be a dove ( be )

9 If we flew, we……… the world from above easily ( see )

10 Had I had a map, I……… way ( not lose )

11 He said he ……… ( go ) to HCM city the following day

12 She asked if my school……… ( be ) near there

13 Maryam said she……… ( must ) go then

14 I asked her where she ………( live )

15 The examiner asked me if I ………( speak ) any foreign languages

II/ VOCABULARY

a/ Multiple choice

1) Besides in-class assignments, our teacher often gives some ……….for us to do at home a/ housework b/ homework c/ teamwork d/ class work

2) What……….of learning English do you find most difficult ? “ pronunciation ”

a/ section b/ aspect c/ area d/ hobby

3) Do we have to learn these new words ………?

a/ by heart b/ in mind c/ with heart d/ to mind

4) If you don’t know the meaning of a word, you can look it up in………

a/ a book b / a record c/ a dictionary d/ a diary

5) Do you ………any foreign language ?

a/ talk b/ say c/ speak d/ tell

6) Bill is good at mathematics He wants ……… a higher course of maths

a/ to go b/ to work c/ to visit d/ to attend

7) What time does your English class ……… and end ?

a/ start b/ open c/ leave d/ get

8) If you study at The Brighton Language center – UK , You can live in……….on campus

a/ mobile room b/ dormitory c/ hotel d/ private room

9) I can complete a ……….English test if you want

a/ speak b/ spoke c / speaking d/ spoken

10) We have well- ……….teachers

a/ qualifications b/ qualified c/ to qualify d/ quality

b/ Supply the correct word form

1) He is a strict ……….( examine)

2) I want to ………at course ( attend)

3) You need to be ………enough to do the job ( qualify)

4) I saw your school’s ……….in today’s edition of the Vietnam News ( advertise)

5) If you want to ……… your English , we can help you ( improvement)

III/ READING

a) Fill in each blank with a suitable word forn the list

friendship, understanding, know, subjects, written, what, many, to

English is a very useful language If we ………… (1) English, we can go to any countries we like We will not find it hard to make people understand……….……( 2 ) we want to say English also helps us to learn all kinds of………(3) Hundreds of books are…… ………( 4)in English everyday in……… (5) countries English has also helped to spread ideas and knowledge………… ………(6) all corners of the world Therefore, the English language has helped to spread better ……… ( 7 ) and ………… ………(8) among countries of the world

b)Read the passage and write T or F

Every year students in many countries learn English Some of these students are young children Others are teenagers Many are adults Some learn at school, others study by themselves A few learn English just

by hearing the language in the films, on television, in the office or among their friends But not many are lucky to do that Most people must work hard to learn English Many boys and girls learn English at school because it is one of their subjects They study their own language, mathematics …, and English In England, America or Australia, many boys and girls study their own language, which is English, and mathematics …and another languages, perhaps French, German or Spanish

1/ According to the writer English is popular in much of the world

2/ Many people learn English by working hard on their lessons

3/ Many people learn English just by hearing it in the films

4/ Many boys and girls learn English because English can give them a job

5/ Besides learning English, many students in England learn other languages

c) Read the passage and choose the correct answer a, b, c or d

The main………(1) for the widespread demand for English is its importance as an …… (2) language Besides serving the needs of……(3) native speakers, English is a language which is …………(4)

in science, media, communication, international conferences, aviation, sport, and so on

More than 350 million people………( 5 ) English as their mother tongue, or native language, another 350 speak it as a second language In addition, it is difficult to get the information of how many people speak it as…………( 6 ) language