unit 1

VOCABULARY:  New words:  Synonym & Antonym: STT Từ vựng Synonym/ close/ similar đồng nghĩa Antonym/ different/ opposite trái nghĩa 10 join hands work together: cùng làm việc, chung sức

UNIT 1: HOME LIFE

I VOCABULARY:

 New words:

 Synonym & Antonym:

STT Từ vựng Synonym/ close/ similar (đồng nghĩa) Antonym/ different/ opposite (trái nghĩa)

10 join hands work together: cùng làm việc, chung sức, cùng nhau

11 rush go quickly (v): vội vàng go slowly (v): đi chậm

12 take out

remove

= get rid of

= eliminate

= get rid of: bỏ, đổ

13 come up appear = happen: xuất hiện

14 give someone a hand with help someone with = lend a helping hand

= assist : giúp ai đó

15 hard-working studious = industrious: chăm chỉ Lazy: lười biếng

16 make a decision make up one’s mind quyết định

17 Look after take care of = care for: chăm sóc, trông nom

18 mischievous

Naughty

= disobedient (adj)

= negative (adj): nghịch ngợm, tinh ranh

obedient (adj)

= well - behaved : vâng lời, ngoan ngoãn

19 attempt effort (n): cố gắng, nổ lực + TO V

20 take responsibility for+ the take charge of = be charge of = It’s sb’s duty to V:nhận trách

STT Từ vựng Từ loại Phiên âm Nghĩa

2 close – knit adj /ˌkləʊs ˈnɪt/ quan hệ khắng khít, gắn bó với

nhau

/bɪˈheɪvd/ cư xử đúng mực, biết điều

Ving nhiệm

 Collocations + Phrases :

23 do/ share/ run the household làm, chia sẻ, trông nom gia đình

27 “men build the house and women make it home” đàn ông xây nhà, đàn bà xây tổ ấm

30 In my attempt /effort to win a place at a university trong nỗ lực để vào được đại học

 Word form:

38

Biology

 biologist

 biological

n n adj

/bai'ɔləʤi/

[bai'ɔlədʒist]

/ˌbaɪəˈlɒdʒɪkl/

sinh vật/ sinh học nhà sinh vật học thuộc về sinh học

39 Responsibility  responsible for adj n /ris,pɔnsə'biliti/ /ris'pɔnsəbl/ sự trách nhiệm có trách nhiệm

40 Mischievous  mischief adj n ['mist∫ivəs] /ˈmɪstʃɪf/ nghịch ngợm, tinh ranh sự nghịch ngợm

41

obedient

 obedience

 obey

 disobedient

adj n v adj

/ə'bi:djənt/

[ə'bi:djəns]

/ə'bei/

vâng lời

sự vâng lời vâng lời, nghe lời Không vâng lời

42  support supportive of adj v /sə'pɔ:tiv/ /sə'pɔ:t/ hỗ trợ, giúp đỡ

43 frankly  frank adv adj /fræŋkli/ /fræŋk/ cởi mở, bộc trực, thẳng thắn

44 solve  solution v n /sɔlv/ /sə'lu:ʃn/ giải quyết sự giải quyết

45 secure security adj n /si'kjuə/ /si'kjuəriti/ an toàn sự an toàn

46 confidence  confident (in s.o) adj N /'kɔnfidəns/ /'kɔnfidənt/ sự tự tin, sự tin tưởng tự tin, tin tưởng vào ai

Exercise 1: Choose the best answer.

Question 1: He is a naughty boy who likes teasing and playing tricks on his classmates.

A mischievous B guilty C anxious D adventurous

Question 2:With greatly increased workloads, everyone is _ pressure now.

Question 3:Many people are ready to to improve health care around the world.

A gather heads B consider legs C open hearts D join hands

Question 4:He has been very interested in doing research on _ since he was at high school.

A biology B biological C biologist D biologically

Question 5:Each of us must take for our own actions.

A probability B ability C possibility D responsibility

Question 6:Whenever problems come up, we discuss them frankly and find solutions quickly.

Question 7: He is not willing _ the risk of losing his money.

A Afforded B afford C to afford D affording

Question 8:Most doctors and nurses have to work on a once or twice a week at the hospital.

A solution B night shift C household chores D special dishes

Question 9:He was very respectful at home and _ to his parents.

A responsible B caring C obedient D lovely

Question 10:When my mother is busy preparing dinner, my father often gives a hand _ tidying

the living room

II READING COMPREHENSION

Exercise 2: Read the passage and choose one correct answer for each question:

The nuclear family, consisting of a mother, father, and their children may be more an American ideal than an American reality Of course, the so-called traditional American family was always more varied than we had been led to believe, reflecting the very different racial, ethnic, class, and religious customs among different American groups

The most recent government statistics reveal that only about one third of all current American

families fit the traditional mold and another third consists of married couples who either have no children or have none still living at home Of the final one third, about 20 percent of the total number

of American households is single people, usually women over sixty-five years of age A small

percentage, about 3 percent of the total, consists of unmarried people who choose to live together; and the rest, about 7 percent, are single, usually divorced parents, with at least one child

Question 11: With what topic is the passage mainly concerned?

A The traditional American family B The nuclear family.

C The ideal family D The current American family.

Question 12: The writer implies that _

A there has always been a wide variety of family arrangements in the U.S

B racial, ethnic, and religious groups have preserved the traditional family structure.

C the ideal American is the best structure.

D fewer married couples are having children.

Question 13: Who generally constitutes a one-person household?

A A single man in his twenties B A single woman in her late sixties

Question 14: According to the passage, married couples whose children have grown or who have no

children represent

A 7 percent of households B 20 percent of households

C 33,3 percent of households D percent of households

Question 15: The word current in line 5 is closest in meaning to _.

III PRONUNCIATION:

1 Phát âm “ED”

① /Id/ với âm cuối của động từ /t/, /d/  Tiền Dô Ex: needed, wanted, visited

*Ngoại lệ: sacred, naked, wicked, crooked, learned, beloved, wretched, blessed, ragged,rugged,aged, dogged, legged, hatred, crabbed, crooked, cursed,

deservedly, supposedly, markedly, allegedly

SSáng Shớm Ghé Xuống Phố Phở Cé Chịu Không?

③ /d/ còn lại (+weigh, plough)

*Notes: các động từ kết thúc bằng /s/

+ /s/ trong các từ use, raise, please, devise, cause, advise,

close /kləʊz/phiên âm quốc tế thành /z/  Xếp vào hàng ③

+ /s/ trong các từ practise, increase, base /beɪs/  Phiên âm quốc tế vẫn là /s/

Xếp vào hàng ② Exercise 3: Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently.

Question 16: A wanted B stopped C decided D hated

Question 18: A washed B formed C turned D involved

2 Phát âm “S/ ES”

①/iz/ phiên âm cuối của động từ /s/ /ʃ/ /tʃ/ /dʒ/ /z/ Ex: languages, boxes

 Sáng Zậy Shớm Cé Chuyện Gê Xem -s/es ② /s/ phiên âm cuối của động từ /k/ /t/ /p/ /f/ /θ/

 Níc Phạm Pháp Fải Ghép Tội Không Tha Ex: mechanics , laughs

③ /z/ : còn lại ( + weighs, ploughs)

- clothe, bathe/beɪð/ (v): khi /th/ được phiên âm thành /ð/

 khi thêm /s/ sẽ vào hàng③

- youth, cloth, bath/bɑːθ/(n): khi /th/ được phiên âm thành /θ/

 khi thêm /s/ sẽ vào hàng② Exercise 4: Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently.

Question 22: A.brothers B weekends C problems D secrets

Question 24: A tricks B leftovers C depths D roofs

Question 25: A bushes B wishes C researches D headaches

IV.GRAMMAR

TÓM TẮT 12 THÌ CHÍNH TRONG TIẾNG ANH

1/The

present

simple

(HTĐ)

Verb (Động từ

(+) S + V(e/es) (-) S + don’t/doesn’t +V1

(?) Do/Does + S + V1?

(+) S + am/is/are + O (-) S+am

not/isn’t/aren’t+O (?) am/is/are +S +O?

Don’t V1 Doesn’t V1 hoặc thêm s/es

- I, You, We, They, People,

- Many/ much…

- Danh từ số nhiều (s)

- He, She, It, Tên riêng

- A/ an,…/ my/ his/ your father, mother…Someone,

- Danh từ số ít

+always,often,usually, +sometimes,seldom never

+ every day/ week

ngày/tuần/tháng,…

+once/twice a week,….:một/

hai tuần một lần.

+ at 7 am,today(hôm nay), ON+TIME

afternoon/ evening

2/The present

continuous

(HTTD)

(+) S + am/is/are +Ving (-) S+am not/aren’t/isn’t +Ving (?) Am/is/are +S +Ving?

- at present, at the moment, now, right now, just now, at this time,…

- Listen!/ Look! /Be quiet! /

3/The present

perfect

(HTHT)

(+) S + have/ has + V3/ed ( - ) S + haven’t/ hasn’t + V3/ed ( ? ) Have / Has + S + V3/ed ?

- I, You, We, They, People, Someone,

- Many/ much…

- Danh từ số nhiều (s)

- He, She, It, Tên riêng

- A/ an,…/ my/ his/ your father, mother…

- Danh từ số ít

HTHT + since + ① mốc thời gian

②QKĐ HTHT + for + khoảng thời gian

-just, recently, lately, ever, never, already, yet, several/ many times.

-so far, up to now…

- this is the first/ second/ third time…

- SINCE, FOR,…

- How long…?

4/The present

perfect

continuous

(+) S+have/has been+ving (-) S+haven’t/hasn’t been+Ving (?) Have/has +S+been+Ving ?

*HTHT + FOR 2,3… hours /

months / years

*all week, all day, almost every

Các động từ sau thường chia thì này: run, wait, sleep, live,…

day this week, in the past week,

in recently, lately=recently, so far,since , for, for a long time,…

5/The past

simple (QKĐ)

Verb (Động từ

(+) S+V2/ed (-) S+didn’t +V1 (?) Did + S +V1

(+) S +was/were +O (-) S+wasn’t/weren’t +O (?) Was/were + S +0 ?

-This morning, yesterday, ago, last (night, week,…), in 1990.

- When I was young/a child

6/The past

perfect

(QKHT)

(+) S + had + V3/ed ( - ) S + hadn’t + V3/ed ( ? ) Had + S + V3/ed ?

Công thức:

QKHT + before/ by the time/ by + QKĐ QKĐ + after + QKHT

By, by the time , before, after, by yesterday, by this time last year, When

7/The past

continuous

tense

( QKTD )

( + ) S + was/ were + Ving ( - ) S + wasn’t/ weren’t + Ving ( ? ) Was/ Were + S + Ving?

-You, We, They, People,

- Many/ much…

- Danh từ số nhiều (s)

- He, She, It, I, Tên riêng

- A/ an,…/ my/ his/ your father, mother…

- Danh từ số ít

-during, all

-at 9 am yesterday, -While,When(phải dịch nghĩa)

8/The past

perfect

continuous

(QKHTTD)

(+) S+had been+ving (-) S+hadn’t been+Ving (?) Had +S+been+Ving ?

*HTHT + FOR 2,3… hours /

months / years “SUỐT”

*until then, by the time, prior to that time, before, after,…

9/The future

(TLĐ)

(+) S + will + V1 (-) S + will not / won’t + V1 (?) Will + S + V1?

Công thức:

TLHT + before/ by/ by the time + HTĐ TLĐ + after + HTHT

- Tomorrow, in the future

- Next week/ month/ year

- by the end of

- probably, soon….

10/Future

Continuous

tense

(TLTD)

(+) S+will/shall be +Ving (-) S+won’t/shalln’t be +Ving (?) Will/shall +S+be +Ving?

in the future, next week/month/year, soon, tomorrow, at 9 am tomorrow,

at that time next, at this time tomorrow,…

11/Future

perfect tense

(TLHT)

(+) S+will/shall have +V3 /ed (-) S+won’t/shalln’t +V3/ed (?) Will/Shall +S+have +V3/ed ?

- by tomorrow, by the time+TL,

by this time next year, by the end of, before, prior to the time,…

12/Future

perfect

continuous

(TLHTTD)

(+)S+will have been +Ving (-)S+will have been +Ving (?) Will + S +have been +Ving ?

by tomorrow, by the time+TL,

by this time next year, by the end of, before, prior to the time,…

Lưu ý 1: Khi gặp “ When ” ta phải dịch nghĩa

1.1 Hành động đang xảy ra (QKTD) - cắt (QKĐ)

Ex 1:We _an accident when we _on the street.

A had/ were walking B had/ had walked C having/ walking D have/ have

Ex 2: I (listen) to music when my mother (phone) _ me 1.2 Hành động trước (QKHT) - Sau (QKĐ)

Ex 3: When we _ the bill, we left the restaurant.

A had paid B paid C had been paying D were paying Ex4:When my boyfriend (come) to the station, The train (leave)

1.3 When S + be + young / child/ 5 years old /a student Chia QKĐ

Ex 5: My sister chess with her friends When She was young.

A was playing B played C have played D plays

Ex 6: I (visit) my uncle's home regularly when I (be) a child.

1.4 Kể lại: 2 vế QKĐ Ex: I learned French when I stayed in Paris.

Lưu ý 2: Khi gặp “While” ( _? + WHILE + QKTD)

Nghĩa là sau WHILE luôn luôn + QKTD, vế còn lại chúng ta phải xét theo 2 trường hợp dưới đây:

2.1 Hành động đang xảy ra (QKTD) - cắt (QKĐ)  giống 1.1 với từ “When”

Ex 7: The bell While I _a shower.

A rang/ was taking B rang/ had taken C had rung/ took D rang/ took 2.2 Hành động song - song (2 hành động ko liên quan gì đến nhau)  Chia 2 vế cho QKTD

Ex 8: While Kim Tae Hee _, her husband the door.

A was cooking/ opened B cooked/ opened

C was cooking/ was opening D have cooked/ opened

Ex 9: My father (read) the newspaper while I (wash)

Lưu ý 3: Khi gặp “before/ by/ by the time/ after” ta xem mốc thời gian

3.1 Nếu MTG ở QK hoặc không có MTG - dùng CT:

QKHT + before/ by the time/ by + QKĐ QKĐ + after + QKHT

Ex 10: By the age of 25, he two famous novels.

A wrote B writes C has written D had written

Ex 11: He (sit) _ down to write some letters after he (finish) _ breakfast

3.2 Nếu MTG ở tương lai : by the time next year, by tomorrow… , dùng CT

TLHT + before/ by/ by the time + HTĐ

TLĐ + after + HTHT

Ex 12: 199.By the end of this year, Tom English for three years.

A will be studying B has studied C will have studied D has been studying

Ex 13: I (complete) _ my homework before 11 o’clock tomorrow.

3.3 Sau before/ after + V_ing/ Noun Ex 14: After studying homework, I go to bed.

3.4 Sau các từ chỉ thời gian: When, while, before, after, until, as soon as, by the time,… KHÔNG ĐƯỢC DÙNG TƯƠNG LAI thay vào đó là HTĐ/ HTHT.

3.5 BE không được chia ở các thì TIẾP DIỄN

Ex 15:Can you look after the children while I _ out?

Lưu ý 4: Công thức “USED TO”

4.1 S + used to V1: đã từng (dấu hiệu ở QK)

4.2 S + be + used to + V_ing:

get+ used to + V_ing quen với (dấu hiệu ở HT)

be + accustomed to + V_ing Exercise 5: Choose the best answer.

Question 26:In the last hundred years, traveling _ much easier and more comfortable.

A becomes B has become C became D will become Question 27:In the 19thcentury, it _ two or three months to cross North America by covered wagon

Question 28:I haven‘t met him again since we school ten years ago.

Question 29:The children _ to bed before their parents came home from work.

A were all going B had all gone C had all been going D.have all gone Question 30:By this time next summer, you _ your studies.

A completes B will complete C are completing D will have completed Question 31:Daniel in London at the moment (THPTQG 2008 - H7N)

A studies B has studied C is studying D will study Question 32:The last time I went to the museum was a year ago.

A I have not been to the museum for a year.

B A year ago, I often went to the museum.

C My going to the museum lasted a year.

D At last I went to the museum after a year.

Question 33:She the piano when she was a child.

A played B was playing C has played D had played Question 34: In the middle of the night, Carol _ on the sofa when someone at the door.

A had slept – was knocking B was sleeping – knocked

C slept – was knocking D was sleeping – had knocked Question 35:Don’t run so much.You’ll exhaust yourself before the game .

A begins B will begin C will have begun D have gun Question 36: _ get tired of answering the same questions every day?

A.Have you ever B Had you ever C Do you ever D Are you ever Question 37:I _ there once a long time ago and _ back since.

A went / have not been B go / am not

C have gone / was D.was going / had not been Question 38:Yesterday, I _ for work late because I _ to set my alarm.

A had left / forgot B.was leaving / was forgetting

C left / had forgot D had been leaving / would forget Question 39:The team _a single match so far this season.

A doesn't win B didn't win C hasn't won D hadn't won Question 40: Linda took great photos of butterflies while she in the forest.

(THPTQG 2019)

A is hiking B was hiking C hiked D had hiked Question 41: When my father was young, he get up early to do the gardening.

(THPTQG 2008)

A.got used to B used to C was used to D use to

Question 42: Many people homeless after the earthquake in Haiti a few months ago.

(THPTQG 2010)

A become B will become C became D are becoming Question 43: I with my aunt when I am on holiday in Ho Chi Minh City next month.

(THPTQG 2012)

A will have been staying B will have stayed

Exercise 6:Identify the one underlined word or phrase - A, B, C or D - that must be changed for the sentence to be correct.

Question 44: He never goes home before he will finish his work (THPTQG 2008)

Question 45: My younger brother has worked in a bank since a long time (THPTQG 2009)

ĐÁP ÁN UNIT 1

Trắc nghiệm

Tự luận Ex1: A had/ were walking

Ex2: was listening/ phoned

Ex3: A had paid

Ex5: B played

Ex6:visited/ was

Ex7: A rang/ was taking

Ex8: C was cooking/ was opening

Ex9: was reading/ was washing

Ex10: D had written

Ex11: sat/ had finished

Ex12: C will have studied

Ex13: will have completed

Ex15: am