Lecture Business: A changing world - Chapter 10: Motivating the work force

After reading this chapter, you will be able to: Define human relations and determine why its study is important; summarize early studies that laid the groundwork for understanding employee motivation; compare and contrast the human-relations theories of Abraham Maslow and Frederick Herzberg;...

©  2003 McGraw­Hill Ryerson Limited

Chapter Ten

Motivating the Work Force

©  2003 McGraw­Hill Ryerson Limited

Human Relations

The study of the behaviour of  individuals and groups in organizational  settings.

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More money Goal­directed behaviour

Need Satisfaction

• The Hawthorne Studies (Elton Mayo)

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Management view that assumes workers like to  work and under proper conditions, employees will  seek responsibility to satisfy social, esteem, and  self­actualization needs.

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Comparison of North American,  Japanese, and Theory Z Management 

Lifelong; no  layoffs  Long term; layoffs rare 

Rate of   promotion 

Amount of   specialization 

Considerable; 

worker develops  expertise in one  area only 

Minimal; worker  develops expertise 

in all aspects of the  organization 

Moderate; worker  learns all aspects 

Reprinted by permission of Addison­Wesley Publishing Company, Inc.

©  2003 McGraw­Hill Ryerson Limited

Comparison of North American,  Japanese, and Theory Z Management 

Focus is on work  only  Focus extends to worker's whole life  Focus includes worker's life and family 

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Source: Adapted from William Ouchi, Theory Z How American Business Can Meet the Japanese Challenge, p. 58. © 1981 by Addison­Wesley Publishing Company, Inc.

Reprinted by permission of Addison­Wesley Publishing Company, Inc.

What I get back

Job   enlargement Teaches employees new tasks 

in their present job.

Job   enrichment Gives employees more control 

and authority in their present  job, along with additional tasks.

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Times

PossibleStart

Times

to see how they are doing.

Individuals are rewarded on the basis

of how close they come to achieving their stated goals.

Family Issues Personal Needs Personal Illness

Reasons For Absence 1995 1998

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Solve the Dilemma

a Which motivational theories are in use at St.  Lawrence?

b What is the value of getting employees to 

compete against a goal instead of against one  another?

c Put yourself in the shoes of one of the four 

regional sales managers and argue against  potential cutbacks to the motivational program.

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Explore Your Career Options

What are some of the considerations that  you will evaluate in deciding where to  take your first job? How would you go  about assessing offers in Victoria, 

British Columbia versus Winnipeg,  Manitoba?

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Additional Discussion  Questions and Exercises