10 modals

Tài liệu 10 modals là tài liệu trình bày các loại đông từ khiếm khuyết và các sử dụng động từ khiếm khuyết đó. Mời các bạn tham khảo!

Đ NG T  KHI M KHUY T: Là lo i đ ng t  c n cĩ thêm m t hình th c V0   sau nĩ đ  hồn thi n Ộ Ừ Ế Ế ạ ộ ừ ầ ộ ứ ở ể ệ nghĩa. CĨ 2  HÌNH TH C S  D NG MODALS: ACTIVE VÀ PASSIVEỨ Ử Ụ

PASSIVE: S  +  MODAL  + BE +  V3/ED  + BY + O

EX:  The room once a day

a should clean b should be cleaning

c should be cleaned d should have cleaned

I am not deaf You _ shout

CÁCH NH N D NG ACTIVE , PASSIVE ÁP D NG GI NG V I PH N PASSIVEẬ Ạ Ụ Ố Ớ Ầ

NOTE: 

    N u ta   hi n t i mà nĩi v  s  vi c   quá kh   thì ta s  d ng:ế ở ệ ạ ề ự ệ ở ứ ử ụ

1/ SHOULD(NOT)  + HAVE + V3/ED (l  ra đã nên…)ẽ Ch  m t s  vi c đỉ ộ ự ệ ược cho là :

o l  ra đã  nên x y ra   quá kh ẽ ả ở ứ , nh ng vì m t lý do nào đĩ ư ộ đã khơng x y raả  

o l  ra đã  khơng nên x y ra   quá kh ẽ ả ở ứ , nh ng vì m t lý do nào đĩ ư ộ đã  x y raả  

Maria shouldn’t have called John too late last night. (th c ra cơ  y cĩ g i )ự ấ ọ

2/ MUST + HAVE + V3/ED: (ch c ch n là đã…) ch  m t s  suy lu n h p lý trong quá kh ắ ắ ỉ ộ ự ậ ợ ứ

≠  CAN’T + HAVE + V3/ED : (ch c ch n là đã ắ ắ khơng…) 

Jane did very well on the exam. She must have studied hard

B

    NG S  D NG VÀ Ý NGHĨA C A MODALS:Ả Ử Ụ Ủ  

General 

meanings PresentMODAL VERBSPast MEANING USES EXAMPLE

1/ SUY 

ĐOÁ

N, 

May might - có lẽ - dùng để suy đoán (not

sure)

- It may rain tomorrow

Might might - có thể - dùng để suy đoán (not

sure)

- It might rain tomorrow Must ≠ 

Can’t

- chắc chắn

- chỉ một sự suy đoán chắc chắn vì có cơ sở

(sure)

- chỉ một sự suy đoán

- Mary must be at home The light in her room is on

- he can’t be at home now I have just seen him in the

S +  MODAL  +  HAVE  + V3/ED   +  O

≠  chắc chắn không

chắc chắn không vì có

cơ sở

street

2/ SỰ 

NGĂ

N 

CẤM

Mustn’t 

= be not allowed 

+ T0­V0

-không được

- chỉ sự ngăn cấm, không được phép làm

(luật lệ)

- You musn’t ride a motorbike until you are 18

3/ SỰ 

BẮT 

BUỘC

, 

NHIỆ

M VỤ 

Must

Have to

Had to

Had to

- phải

- phải, cần phải

- để chỉ bổn phận, một sự bắt buộc ở hiện tại hoặc trong tương lai

- You must go now

- They will have to come here tomorrow

4/  

khơng 

c n ầ

thi tế

Needn’t = 

don’t have to

-không cần - là một Modal được

dùng trong câu phủ định (Needn’t)

- You need not give me the answer right now

5/ 

KHẢ 

NĂN

G

Can could - có thể - để nói đến một khả

năng

- he can speak 5 languages

6/ Sự 

khuyê

n bảo

Should 

Had better 

(not)

Ought to

- nên - để nói đến 1 lời

khuyên

- you should study harder

- It’s too late We’d better

go now

7/ Sự 

xin 

phép, 

cho 

phép

You May… - có thể - Dùng để cho phép ai

làm gì

- You may go now

Could I …?

May I …?

- tôi có thể

- thường dùng với chủ từ I đề xin phép 1 người lớn hơn, tỏ ý tôn trọng

- You: Could I borrow your bike?

- May I come in?

thể - thường dùng với chủ từ I đề xin phép 1

người ngang hàng

- Can I borrow your pen?

8/ Lời 

Đề 

Nghị

Could you - bạn có

thể - Dùng để đề nghị 1 ngưới người lớn hơn

làm gì

- Could you open the door, please?

­ Can you …?

­ Will you…?

­ Would you 

mind  +  V­ing

- bạn có thể

- Dùng để đề nghị 1 ngưới người ngang hàng làm gì

- Can you buy me a paper?

- Would you mind buying

me a paper?

Shall we /  - Chúng ta - Dùng để đề xuất 1 - Shall we go out for

Shall I / Let 

me

hãy…

Hãy để tôi …

hoạt động vui chơi giải trí nào đó

- Dùng để đề nghị mình làm gì cho ai

dinner?

Shall I open the window?

9/ Sự 

mong 

muốn, 

lời 

mời

Would rather 

(not)

- muốn / không muốn

I would   rather go to the cinema than stay at home

­ Would like / 

would prefer 

+ To­V0

­ would you 

like + To­V0?

- muốn

- mời bạn

…….nhé?

- sau Would like / would  prefer ta dùng To-V0

I would like to go to the cinema

- Would you like to go to the cinema?

10/ Sự 

việc ở 

tương 

lai

Tương Lai, Câu Điều Kiện, câu Ao Ước, …

- If I were you, I would stay

at home

 NOTE:  đ ng t  NEEDN’T  m i là MODAL cịn các d ng khác c a NEED là đ ng t  th ng khi ộ ừ ớ ạ ủ ộ ừ ườ

đĩ nĩ được dùng nh  sau:ư

You need (go) now

Your hair needs _(cut)

3. This road is very narrow. It  _to be widened

4. They have plenty of time, so they needn’t  _

5. You’re having a sore throat. You’d better _ to the doctor

23. I  _ understand this letter. Will you translate it for me?

S (someone)  +   NEED  +   TO­V0  S (somthing)  +   NEED  +    V­ING 

TO BE + V3/ED

29. Sit down, please.  _ a cup of tea?

A. Do you like B. Can  you like to drink C. Would you like D. Will you like

34. “It  _rain this evening. Why don’t you take an umbrella?”

      “That’s a good idea. May I borrow yours?”

35. “ _taking me downtown on your way to work this morning?”

      “Not at all.”

A. Can you       B. Why don’t you       C. Would you mind      D. Could you please   

42.  _ you speak any foreign languages?

44. A: “You  _ pay the bills today.”  ­  B:  “I know, I promise. I won’t forget.”

45.  _ you mind my staying here for some days?

1 You had better  _ at home until you feel better

2 Your house needs 

A. redecorated B. redecorating C. being redecorated D. to redecorate

3 I  _ ride a bicycle when I was only 6 years old

4 You  _ do it now, and do not argue

5 You   have been happy when you won the competition

6 Take this umbrella with you because it  _ rain this evening

1 I  _ do that again. It's my promise

You _ forget to learn the lesson by heart The new teacher is so strict

2 They _ be away for the weekend, but I am not sure

3 You _ now if you wish

a must leave b may leave c need leaving d mustn't leave

4 You _ worry so much I will help you

5 If there is anything you _ Let me know

6 Family _ spend more time talking, instead of just watching TV

7 Please, keep silent You _ speak during the exam

8 You _ drive at more than 70 miles per hour in the UK

a mustn't b needn't c may not d might not

9 You _ take your umbrella along with you today It _ rain later on this afternoon

a ought to / mustn't b needn't / will c will / must d should / might

10.The room once a day

a should clean b should be cleaning

c should be cleaned d should have cleaned

11.John is not at home He _ go somewhere with Daisy I am not sure

12. _ I have a day off tomorrow? - Of course not We have a lot of things to do

13.The computer _ reprogramming There is something wrong with the software

14.Susan _ hear the speaker because the crowd was cheering so loudly

1. You have been reading for four hours. This book  _ be very interesting

A. can B. might C. must D. should

8. The machine ……… on by pressing this switch

A. can turn  B. can be turned 

C. must turn  D. should be turning 

15.You  _ explain that again because I understand everything now.

A. needn"t B. can"tC. would rather  D. mustn"t

16.Take this umbrella with you because it  _ rain this evening.

17.As students, you  _ show your disrespect to your teachers.

18.He  _ work very hard; he is a millionaire.

A. hasn"t to B. mustn"t

C. doesn"t have to D. not has to

19.I  _ ride a bicycle when I was only 6 years old.

20.I  _ do that again. It"s my promise.

A. mustn"t B. can"tC. needn"t D. won"t

21.You  _ have been absent from that important session.

A. mightn"t B. wouldn"t C. shouldn"t D. mustn"t

22.  _ we go shopping this evening?

_ That"s a good idea.

23.She  _ have been the one who caused the damage, I think. She was not

home then.

24 Your windows need  _. Would you like me to do them for you?  

25 I can't find my book anywhere I _ have left it on the train I am not sure

26.You _ lunch We have already eaten

a need preparing b needn't have prepared

27.Let's do something to protect the environment, _ we?

28.I will do everything You _ do anything unless you really want to

29.You _ forget to learn the lesson by heart The new teacher is so strict

30.They _ be away for the weekend, but I am not sure

31.You _ now if you wish

a must leave b may leave c need leaving d mustn't leave

32.You _ worry so much I will help you.

33.If there is anything you _ Let me know

34.Family _ spend more time talking, instead of just watching TV

35.Please, keep silent You _ speak during the exam

36.You _ drive at more than 70 miles per hour in the UK

a mustn't b needn't c may not d might not

37.You _ take your umbrella along with you today It _ rain later on this afternoon

a ought to / mustn't b needn't / will c will / must d should / might

38.The room once a day

a should clean b should be cleaning

c should be cleaned d should have cleaned

39.The weather forecast says that tomorrow

40.The garden It has just started raining

a needn't water b needn't be watered

c needn't be watering d needn't have watered

41.People _ hunt and use whales for commercial purpose

42.She _ be ill I have just seen her playing basket ball in the school yard

43.Peter has been working for 10 hours He _ be very tired now

44.I _ find my own way there You _ wait for me

a should / can't b have to / must c can / needn't d might / mustn't

45.Frank's wallet is lying on the coffee table He _ it here last night

a must have left b should have left c must be leaving d needn't leave

46.I am not deaf You _ shout

47.John failed again He _ harder

a must have tried b should have tried c can tried d may have tried

48. _ I borrow your lighter for a minute? - Sure, no problem Actually, you _ keep it if you want to

a May / can b Must / might c Will / should d Might / needn’t

49.I do not mind at all You _ apologize

a shouldn't b needn't c mustn't d oughtn't to

50.It is a top secret You _ tell anyone about it

51.We have plenty of time for doing the work We _ be hurried

52.Keep quiet You _ talk so loudly in here Everybody is working

53.John is not at home He _ go somewhere with Daisy I am not sure

54. _ I have a day off tomorrow? - Of course not We have a lot of things to do

55.The computer _ reprogramming There is something wrong with the software.

56.Susan _ hear the speaker because the crowd was cheering so loudly

1. You have been reading for four hours. This book  _ be very interesting

4. They have plenty of time, so they needn’t  _

5. You’re having a sore throat. You’d better _ to the doctor

8. You  _ ring the bell; I have a key

Đ  Thi TN THPT 2009ề

Question 28: Endangered species by the World Wildlife Fund

A are protected B would protect C be protected D will protect Question 34: If I had the map now, I a short-cut across the desert

A could have taken B take C could take D can take

Question 39: The recycling of waste paper save a great amount of wood pulp

Question 46: She brought a lot of money with her so that she needed buy some duty-free goods

A B C D

Đ  Thi TN THPT 2010ề

Question 11: He has made so many mistakes in his essay that he _ do it all again

Question 12: Unless we can find new sources of energy, our life will certainly _

A affected B be affecting C affect D be affected