Một số danh từ biến đổi sang dạng số nhiều bằng cách thay đổi nguyên âm của chúng foot -> feet goose -> geese louse -> lice mouse -> mice man -> men tooth -> teeth child-> children ox ->
Trang 1- Danh từ chung: dog, man, table
- Danh từ riêng: France, Madrid, Mrs Smith, Tom
- Danh từ trừu tợng: beauty, charity, fear, joy
- Danh từ tập hợp: crowd, group, team, swarm
b Function as
- Chủ ngữ: Australia is an English speaking country.
- Bổ ngữ cho động từ be, become, seem: Tom is an actor.
- Tân ngữ của động từ: I saw Tom in the park.
- Tân ngữ của giới từ: I spoke to John.
- Dùng với sở hữu cách: Tom s books’
* Note: + Dùng ’s với ngời, động vật và trạng từ chỉ thời gian
E.g: Mr Orson s car ’ The elephant s ear ’ The cat s tail’ + Những danh từ số nhiều tận cùng bằng s chỉ dùng dấu sở hữu ( ’ )
E.g: The teacher s training college’ + Với đồ vật dùng giới từ of
E.g: The leg of the table The office of the manager
2 Gender (giống)
- We have masculine (gđ), feminine (gc), and neuter (chung tính)
* Chung tính: những vật vô sinh, những động vật mà ta kô biết giống.
* Ngoại lệ: Các con tàu và đôi khi các loại xe hơi, các quốc gia dùng vời nghĩa trang trọng đợc
xem nh là giống cái
E.g: Viet Nam lost a lot of her heroes in the war.
Các danh từ phân giống:
boy - girl bachelor - spinster bridegroom - bride
father - mother gentleman - lady husband - wife
man - woman nephew - niece son - daughter
aunt - uncle widower - widow prince - princess
duke - duches monitor - monitress manager - manageress actor - actress waiter - waitress air-hoster - air-hostress steward - stewardess conductor - conductress heir - heiress
hero - heroine policeman - policewoman
- Một số danh từ chỉ nghề nghiệp có hình thức giống nhau:
cook, driver, dancer, assistant, artist, guide, …
- Một số loài động vật phân giống:
bull - cow - ox hen - cock dog - bitch goose - gander
lion - lioness tiger - tigeress duck - drake ram - ewe
3 Plural (Số nhiều): Chỉ có danh từ đếm đợc mới có hình thức số nhiều.
a Quy tắc chung: Thêm s vào sau danh từ số ít
Trang 2b 12 danh từ tận cùng bằng f hay fe đổi thành ves.
* Note: Một số danh từ nh: scalf (khăn quàng), wharf (bến cảng), hoof (mòng, guốc) có thể
thêm s hoặc đổi thành ves Những danh từ còn lại có tận cùng bằng f hay fe thì thêm s bình ờng
c Một số danh từ biến đổi sang dạng số nhiều bằng cách thay đổi nguyên âm của chúng
foot -> feet goose -> geese louse -> lice mouse -> mice man -> men tooth -> teeth child-> children ox -> oxen
* Những chữ viết tắt cũng có thể thành lập ở hình thức số nhiều
MPs (Members of Paliament): Nghị sĩ quốc hội
VIPs (Very important persons)
UFOs (Unidentified Flying Objects)
OAPs (Old Age Pensioners): ngời hu trí
4 Danh từ không đếm đ ợc ( Uncountable noun )
- Những danh từ sau xem nh kô đếm đợc
a Tên gọi của những chất đợc xem nh là chung:
wood, iron, silver, gold, tea, beer, wine, stone, wool, etc
b Những danh từ trừu tợng
information, violence, hope, beauty, death, experience
c Những danh từ đợc quy định là kô đếm đợc trong tiếng Anh
bread, news, knowledge, damage, rubbish, etc
Which of these words are uncountable nouns?
What is English spelling of these words?
Nớc hoa Ngôi nhà Gia đình Ngời thừa kế Trờng ĐH Chất liệu len
Trang 3Sự tự do Đồ uống Không gia đình Ngời kô vợ Trờng CĐ Chất liệu vàng
Nữ công tớc Thức ăn S tử (gc) Góa phụ Trờng PTCS Chất liệu bạcNữ anh hùng Phòng tắm Chó (gc) Nam diễn viên Trờng THCS Chất liệu sắtGiáo viên Từ điển Nam cảnh sát Ca sĩ Trờng THPT Chất liệu chìHọc viên Từ điển Anh-Việt Cảnh sát Nhà vệ sinh Nhà trẻ Chất liệu gỗ
Find out ten nouns in this box:
Fill in the gaps with suitable word
1 What is your n ? 2 I have a b house
3 My house is very b 4 I am t but she is s
5 Jack is f but Mark is s 6 My shoes are b ; her shoes are p
7 What is your phone n ? -> It is seven d five four two eight
8 T you very much! -> Not at all
9 G morning, Mr Baker! -> G morning, Mark!
10 H are you today? -> I’m f
Trang 4 Chuyển những danh từ sau sang số nhiều
Sắp xếp những từ sau thành cụm từ hoàn chỉnh
Kích thớc -> sự miêu tả tổng quát (gồm những tính từ chỉ cá tính & sự xúc cảm)-> tuổi tác
-> hình dạng -> màu sắc -> chất liệu -> Nguồn gốc -> Mục đích + Danh từ
1 knife/ long/ sharp/ a ->
2 A/ bath/ round/ small ->
3 An/ clock/ French/ elegant ->
4 An/ plastic/ old/ bucket ->
5 Jeans/ Vietnamese/ cotton/ green/ new/ nice/ long ->
6 A/ old/ lazy/ man/ stupid ->
7 Girl/ a/ pretty/ tall ->
8 A/ dictionary/ big/ expensive ->
9 Two/ old/ Japanese/ red/ big/ kimonos/ nice ->
10 A/ cold/ Queen/ crude/.->
Trang 53rd
Plural
* m=male f=female n=neuter
Examples:
Pronoun Subject She likes homework.
Object My brothers give me some sweets
possessive This homework is yours
Reflexive John and Mark do the homework themself
possessive adjective The boys break her glasses
II Exercises
A Subject pronoun
1 My name is Sue ………… am English And this is my family
2 My mum's name is Angie ………… is from Germany
3 Bob is my dad ………….is a waiter
4 On the left you can see Simon ……… is my brother
5 Sue and Simon are my friends ……….are twins
6 Our dog is a girl, Judy ……… is two years old
7 Sue, Simon and Bob are my classmates ….live in Canterbury …… is not far from London
8 My grandparents live in London ……….often come and see us
9 What can ………tell me about your family?
B Object pronouns
1 My sister Jane loves books This novel is for (she) …………
2 My children like Disney films The video is for (they)………
3 My brother Matt collects picture postcards These postcards are for (he)………
4 My parents like Latin music The CD is for (they)
5 I like watches This nice watch is for (I)
Trang 66 My wife and I love sweets These sweets are for (we)
7 My nephew likes cars The toy truck is for (he)
8 My neighbour wants to go to California next year The guide book is for (she)
9 Here is another souvenir I don't know what to do with (it)
10 You know what? - It's for (you)
C.Possessive Adjectives :Replace the personal pronouns by possessive
adjectives.
1 Where are (you)……… friends now?
2 Here is a postcard from (I)………… friend Peggy
3 She lives in Australia now with (she)………… family
4 (She)……… husband works in Newcastle
5 (He)………… company builds ships
6 (They)………… children go to school in Newcastle
7 (I) …………husband and I want to go to Australia, too
8 We want to see Peggy and (she)………… family next winter
9 (We)………… winter! 10 Because it is (they)……… summer
D Possessive Pronouns: Replace the personal pronouns by possessive
pronouns.
5 We met Paul and Jane last night This house is (they)
6 The luggage is (he)
7 The pictures are (she)
8 In our garden is a bird The nest is (it)
9 This cat is (we)
10 This was not my fault It was (you)
E Reflexive Pronouns Fill in the correct reflexive pronouns.
1 I did not want to believe it and then I saw the UFO
2 The girl looked at ………….in the mirror
3 Freddy, you'll have to do your homework………
4 You don't need to help them They can do it………
5 I introduced …………to my new neighbour
6 Boys, can you make your beds………?
7 She made ………… a pullover
8 What happens when a fighting fish sees ……….in the mirror?
9 The father decided to repair the car ………
10 We can move the table ………
• Fill in the blanks with HE, SHE, IT, WE, THEY
Pamela ……… news scissors
Trang 7geese ……… flowers ………… piano ……….
Mr Green ……… brother-in-law ………… picture ………
friendship ………… dolphin ………… The Riggs family ………
• Translate into Vietnamese
1 Một ngời ăn chay không ăn thịt
2 Chúng tôi không làm việc vào các ngày Thứ Bảy và Chủ Nhật
3 Tôi luôn luôn cố gắng hết sức mình để học tập tốt
4 Mặt trời mọc ở đằng Đông, lặn ở đằng Tây
5 Vào mùa Thu lá cây ngả màu vàng và rụng xuống
6 Nớc sôi ở 100oC (100 degrees celsius)/ (100 degrees centigrade)
7 Anh trai tôi kô sống ở đây Anh ấy sống ở thành phố Hồ Chí Minh
• Complete the sentences below
8 What/ he/ do/ free time?
9 How often/ Olympic Games/ take place?
10 Who/ teach/ you/ English/ school?
11 Atheist/ believe/ God?
12 My father/ always/ go/ work/ car
13 What time/ you/ go/ bed/ everyday?
14 What/ your name?
15 What/ you/ do? And what/ your father/ do?
16 You/ usually/ get up early/ the morning?
17 What/ you and your sister/ do/ your free time?
18 You/ like/ cook?
19 Today/ the weather/ very cool
20 My mother/ not/ like/ watch/ films
21 My brother/ interviewer
22 He/ always/ interview/ famous people on TV
23 Mary and Jack/ study/ English very well They/ not study/ maths
24 I/ learn to play the piano/ because/ I/ like it
25 Lan and Hoa/ not like/ English They/ think/ English/ be/ difficult
26 Everyday/ My brother and I/ go/ school by bus
27 We/ not/ buy those flowers We/ think/ they/ not be/ beautiful
28 We/ start work/ 7.30 everyday
29 Our lessons/ finish/ 4.30 everyday
30 I/ not like/ the “Yes” men around me
31 First you/ say “Yes”/ then you/ say “No” It/ be/ so difficult to understand you
Trang 832 They/ know/ where Jack and David/ live.
33 I/ not know/ who/ be/ you?
34 They/ look at her/ then they/ smile
35 The computers/ not be/ mine
36 Where/ you/ want to go? -> I/ want to go to the market
37 What/ they/ talk to you? -> They/ tell me about Jim
38 You/ love/ me?
39 My brothers/ like Boxing very much They always/ watch it on T.V in the evening
40 My sisters/ cut the cake then they/ give me a small piece
41 My brother and I/ live/ in Ho Chi Minh city.My brother/ not/ married and neither am I
42 I/ usually/ get the bus to work Sometimes/ I/ go/ motorbike
43 You/ ever/ go to work/ car?
• Give the correct form of verbs
1 We seldom (eat) before 6.30.
2 The sun (rise) in the East and (set) in the West
3 It (be) often hot in Summer But now it (be) cold.
4 My mother sometimes (buy) vegetables at this market.
5 Everyday, I and my brother (walk) to school because we (not/have) bicycle or motorbike
Our family (not/be) very rich My father (be) an engineer, and he (work) for a construction
company in Oxford He (not/ go) home until the weekend My mother (be) a nurse, she (be)
always busy with her work at London hospital Sometimes, she (work) at nights We never
(have) any holidays, because our parents (not/ have) free time In summer, we usually (visit)
our grandparents in Oxford, and of cousre, we (take) the train It (be) slow but cheap
6 Everyday, Mark (study) chess problems with his father the he (watch) some model games on
T.V He (play) chess all day and never (feel) bored
Unit 5present continuous & simple past tense
I Vocabulary : body
2 hair 12 chin 22 armpit 32 belly/stomach 42 toe
6 eyelid/ eyeball 16 tongue 26 finger 36 thigh 46 heart
Trang 99 dipmle 19 shoulder 29 waist 39 instep 49 skin
II grammar
I Give the correct verb forms: using past simple, simple present or present continuous tense.
1 Be quiet! The baby (sleep).
2 We sometimes (go) out for a dinner in a small restaurant.
3 Look! A man (run) after the train He (want) (catch) it.
4 Look, dad! The cat (want) (catch) the mouse but the mouse (run) too fast.
5 Jack (be) usually at work at 7.30 but today he (stay) at home because he (be) ill.
6 I (do) an exercise on the present tenses at this moment and I (think) that I (know) how to use it.
7 My father never (allow) us to play near his car.
8 It (rain) much in Summer It (rain) now.
9 Daisy (cook) some food in the kitchen at present, She always (cook) in the morning.
10 Hey, look! That (be) Tom Oh, No, he (look) at the other street!
11 Where David and Rose (be) yesterday?
12 I (not / can / swim) when I (be) three but I (can / swim) now.
13 Yesterday afternoon, my teacher (ask) me a difficult question and I (not / can / answer).
14 Peter (speak) Spainish very well when he (be) in Spain.
15 You (like / talk) to people?
16 I (be / born) in nineteen sixty.
17 What time you (get) yesterday?
18 Yesterday my fatfer (drive) car to work but today he (go) by bus.
19 The film last night (be/ not) very interesting.
20 Why you (not/ buy) anything for her birthday?
21 The children ……… (play) outside now.
22 She usually ……… (read) the newspaper in the morning.
23 At this moment I (do)…… an exercise on Present continous tense and I (think) I can (do) it well.
24 I ……… (eat) my dinner now.
25 ……… (you / want) a pizza?
26 They ……… (watch) TV now.
27 I ……… (not / like) spaghetti.
28 Keeps silent, Tommy! Your sister ……… (sleep)!
29 My mother usually ……… (cook) dinner in the evening.
30 He ……… (write) a letter to his pen-friend every month.
31 She ……… (not / like) football.
32 Mary ……… (listen) to music now.
33 Tom usually ………(drink) coffee, but he ……… (drink) tea now.
34 We ……… (go) to the disco tonight.
35 He ……… (go) to work by bus everyday.
36 Susan usually … (go) to school by bus, but now she …… (go) to school by train.
37 Mary often ……… (read) in bed, but today she is very tired and she …… (not / read).
Trang 1038. The boys usually (ride) their bikes to school They (like / ride) their bikes They (be) very
naughty boys They always (go) to school late Today their teacher (be) very angry, because
they (be) late again.
39. Mary (like / eat) sweets Every morning she (have) coffee with a lot of sweets and chocolate For lunch she and her friends often (eat) sweets or ice-cream She (not / like / eat) fruit or vegetables She (eat / never) eggs or cheese Today she (be) sick She (sleep) in her room now.
40 Look! Jane ……… (sing) again She often ……… (sing) this song.
41. The girls ……… (not / talk) now All of them ………… (watch) a film.
42 Cuckoos (not build) nests They (use) the nests of other birds.
43 You can't see Tom now: he (have) a bath.
44 He usually (drink) coffee but today he (drink) tea.
45 What she (do) in the evenings? ~She usually (play) cards or (watch) TV.
46 I won't go out now as it (rain) and I -(not have) an umbrella.
47 The last train (leave) the station at 11.30.
47 He usually (speak) so quickly that I (not understand) him.
48 Ann (make) a dress for herself at the moment She (make) all her own clothes.
49 Hardly anyone (wear) a hat nowadays.
50 I'm afraid I've broken one of your coffee cups —Don't worry I (not like) that set anyway.
51 I (wear) my sunglasses today because the sun is very strong.
52 Tom can't have the newspaper now because his aunt (read) it.
53 I'm busy at the moment I (redecorate) the sitting room.
54 The kettle (boil) now Shall I make the tea?
55 You (enjoy) yourself or would you like to leave now? -I (enjoy) myself very much I (want) to stay to the end.
56 How you (get) to work as a rule? ~I usually (go) by bus but tomorrow I (go) in Tom's car.
57 Why you (put) on your coat? ~I (go) for a walk You (come) with me?
Yes, I'd love to come You (mind) if I bring my dog?
58 How much you (owe) him?-I (owe) him $5 ~You (intend) to pay him?
II Choose a word which the bold and underline part have different pronunciation from the others.
III Fill in the gaps with a suitable words
David …… a bank manager and Rosa is a in a large hospital David … up at 6.00 and.… a shower He leaves home … 8.00 and.… to work … train Rosa gets
up at 9.30 because she … start work until 1 p.m David finishes his… at 5.30 p.m and.
… shooping in a supermarket … his bank Then he.… home and cooks He eats
alone … the kitchen at 7.00 and then he usually……… T.V … the living room Rosa
Trang 11usually comes … late because she … got a lot of patients in her hospital Rosa doesn’t
…… watch TV She …… tired and wants go to bed early.
IV Complete the sentences using the suggested words below
1 Yesterday / there/ a good play / T.V 2 There/ a modern kitchen / your house?
3 Her interesting story / make me happy 4 Peter Pan / important man / this city.
5 What / there / your fridge? 6 After school, Linda/ usually/ go/ library.
7 Last night/ I/ hear/ strange sound/ my kitchen 8 His stereo/ not good
9 How / your lesson yesterday? -> Well, It / very difficult.
10 Last week, Thomas / have a flight/ Lond don.
11 When / my brother/ 19, / he / study Maths / his college.
12 This morning, he / kiss / his wife / and / go to work.
13 He / always/ kiss / his wife/ before going to work.
14 What / you / enjoy / when / you / in America? -> I / enjoy / go to the cinemas.
15 Mumy, I / lose my pen / school I / not / can find it.
16 What language / you / speak when / you / five?17 What kinds of sport / you / like / play?
18 When / I / fifteen /, I / work 10 hours a day in the cotton fields, / and I / hate / that job.
19 I / meet / John / 1999, and / we/ marry/ 2001.
20 My wife / very lazy She / never/ help / me anything.
21 You / not / call me / when / you / in Paris Why?
22 You / promise to send me your letter and give me your call/ But, Why / you / not/ do that? Or you / not / remember?
23 My grandmother / usually / tell me story / when I / a child.
24 How much butter / there / fridge / yesterday? You / eat all?
25 When / I/ come home yesterday, I / very hungry/ but / I / not/ have anything to eat.
V Give the correct verb forms
Rita (live) (1) with her parents in Sao Paolo She (not/ go) (2) to school but (study) (3) cooking
in a restaurant Rita (love)(4) (cook)(5) The manager of the restaurant (be) (6) a beautiful lady
Everyday, Rita (go) (7) to the restaurant at 8 a.m and (start) (8) her work at 8.15 Rita always (have)
(9) a small notebook in her pocket, so that she (can/ write) (10) all the things she (want/ remember)
(11) Two months ago, when the first time Rita (come) (12) here, she (not/ know) (13) anything about
cooking Rita (can / not / classify) (14) the vegetables, meat, milk, eggs, etc Rita also (not / know)
(15) how much salt or butter she needed for the dishes But now, she can do everything quite well
VI Give the correct verb forms
It (be) about two o’clock in the morning, and… suddenly I (wake) up I (hear) a noise I (get)
out of bed and (go) slowly downstairs There (be) a light on in the living room I (listen) carefully I
(can) hear two men speaking very quietly “Burglars!” I (think) “Two burglars!” Immediately I
(run) back upstairs and (phone) the police I (be) very frightened Fortunately the police (arrive)
quikly They (open) the front door and (go) into the living room Then they (come) upstairs to find
me “It’s all right now, sir”, they (explain) “We (turn) the television off for you!”.
Trang 12VII Fill in each gap with a suitable word in the table below
bedrooms Beach fireplace bathroom flowers visitors
I live in a …………near the sea It’s an old house,………… 100 years old, and it’s very small There are two ……… upstairs but no bathroom The ……… is downstairs next to the …… and there’s a living-room where there’s a lovely old……… There’s a garden in front of the house The garden goes down to the……… , and in Spring and Summer there are………… everywhere I live ……….with my dog, Boxer, but we have a lot of……… Many of my friends work in the city, so they often stay with
me ……….they want to relax I love my house for many reasons: the garden, the flowers in summer, the fire in winter, but the……… thing is the view from my bedroom window.
III Read the paragraph and answer the questions
Brian is a doctor He looks after sick people He usually gets up at 6.00 o’clock Today he is late,
it is 6.30 and he is still in bed He usually goes to work by train but today he is driving to work He arrives at work at 6.30 every morning but it is 7.30 now and he is still driving.
It’s 12.00 o’clock now He always has his lunch at 12.00 but today he isn’t having lunch at 12.00, he is looking after his sick patients It is half past seven now, Brian is watching TV He
usually watches TV at half past seven because his favorite programme starts at half past seven Brian has his dinner at 8.30 everyday and he is having dinner now.
It is 24.00 now Brian is going to bed He always goes to bed at 24.00.
1 What does Brian do? 6 When does he always have his lunch?
2 What time does he usually get up? 7 What is he doing at 12.00 today?
3 How does he usually go to work? 8 Why does he usually watch TV at 7.30?
4 Why is he driving to work today? 9 What time does he go to bed?
5 What time does he arrive at work everyday? 10 What time is he going to bed now?
Unit 6
Past continuous & Present perfect continuous
I Vocabulary: jobs
1 teach-> 13 tell-> 25 pilot 37 housekeeper 49 butcher
2 work-> 14 hat-> 26 steward/ess 38 doorman 50 huckster
3 farm-> 15 sail-> 27 engineer 39 artist 51 grocer
4 invent-> 16 drive-> 28 architect 40 fashion designer 52 beggar
5 translate-> 17 barber 29 nurse 41 model 53 baker
6 post-> 18 hairdresser 30 doctor 42 receptionist 54 director
7 police-> 19 mechanic 31 vet 43 accountant 55 politician
8 sing-> 20 carpenter 32 pediatrist 44 messenger 56 spy
9 garden-> 21 travel agent 33 psychology 45 thief 57 priest
10 paint-> 22 greengrocer 34 dentist 46 burglar 58 monk
11 write-> 23 florist 35 pharmacist 47 robber 59 President
12 report-> 24 electrician 36 tailor 48 fishmonger 60 Minister
Ii grammar
Ph©n biÖt c¸ch dïng gi÷a 2 thêi
Trang 13Present perfect Present perfect progressive
• Hành động chấm dứt ở hiện tại, do đó có kết
quả rõ rệt.
Ví dụ: I have waited for you for half an hour (now I
stop waiting)
• Thờng dùng với các câu hỏi: how many, how
much, how many times để hỏi về kquả của hành
1 Give the correct verb forms
a One day last Summer, I (walk) through the local park It (be) a hot day and I (eat) an ice-cream As I (walk) past the boating lake, I (see) my friends, Carol and Jim They were (take) their dog for a walk When we (meet), we (stop) for a chat While we (talk), the dog suddenly jumped up and (try) to get my ice cream I (pull) my hand away and unfortunately the ice cream (come) out of the cone Now there (be) a bald man behind me The poor man (be/ not) doing any harm He just (sit) on the bench and (read) a newspaper Well, when I (pull) my hand away, the ice cream (fly) through the air and
it landed on the man’s head I (know) whether to laugh or cry, but Carol and Jim did When I (look) at them, they just ( not/ laugh), they were in hysterics But I was very embrrassed.
b When I (arrive) at this house, he still (sleep).
c The light (go) out while we (have) dinner.
d Bill (have) breakfast when I (stop) at his house this morning.
e As we (cross) the street, we (see) an acident.
f While my father (read) a newspaper, I (learn) my lesson and my sister (cook).
g The bell (ring) while Tom (take) a bath.
h Katherine’s story: It (be) two years ago now – about eight o’clock in the evening We (sit) in the living room My husband (sit) in an armchair He (read) the papers, as he always did I (sit) on the sofa I (knit) Our daughter (expect) a
baby There (be) a quiz show on the TV, it was Stike it Lucky It isn’t interesting We (have) a normal evening at home,
when suddenly my husband put down his papers and (say): “I’m sorry, but I can’t stand this any longer I’m totally bored with our marriage I don’t love you and I (want) (divorce)!” My husband (go) upstairs and (pack) his suitcase When he (come) downstairs I still (knit) He said “I’m leaving”, and I said “Would you like a cup of tea first?” He (stare) at me and (ask): “Oh, my God! Is that all you can say?” Then he (leave).
2 Give the correct verb forms: using Present perfect or present perfect continuous
1 How long you (study) English? -> For 5 years 2 I (wait) for two hours, but she (not/ come) yet.
3 They (live) in HCM city since 1975 and now they are still there.
4 She (read) all the books written by Dickens How many books you (read)?
5 He (not/ be) here since Christmas, I wonder where he (live) since then.
6 Jack (go) to Paris for a holiday He never (be) there.
7 A: Hello, Jack’s on the phone! -> B: Hey! You (sleep) so far? I (ring) for the last twenty minutes.
8 He (write) a novel for two years, but he (not/ finish) it yet.
9 Mary (lose) her hat and she (look) for it until now.
10 I (see) that film several times because I like it.
11 I’m trying to study I (try) to study for the last hour, but something always seems to interrupt me I think I’d better go to the library.
12 The children are playing basketball right now They (play) for almost two hours They must be getting tired.
13 The telephone (ring) four times in the last hour, and each time it has been for my roommate.
14 The telephone (ring) for almost a minute Why doesn’t someone answer it?
Trang 1415 It (rain) all day I wonder when it will stop.
16 We (have) three accidents so far this week I wonder how many more we will have if you keep using the tools carelessly.
17 We (live) here since last June.
18 My little son is dirty from head to foot because he (play) in the mud.
19 What’s the matter? Your eyes are red and puffy I hope you (not / cry) Oh, now I understand You (peel) some onions.
20 Hello, Rob I’m happy to see you again I (not / see) you for weeks What you (do) lately?
21 I (not / be) able to reach my boss on the phone yet I (try) for the last twenty minutes, but the line busy.
22 We (have) three major snowstorms so far this winter I wonder how many more we will have.
23 I (write) them three times, but I still haven’t received a reply.
24 A: Harrison is so good ! How long he (be) at the university? B: He (teach) here for 25 years.
25 A: What are you going to order for dinner?-> B: I (have / have) pizza So I think, I’ll order that.
26 My uncle (paint) the outside of his house for three weeks and he’s still not finished.
27 The Smiths are presently in Tunisia They (travel) throughout North Africa since the middle of May They’ll return home in another month.
3 Give the correct verb forms: using Present tense
1 Listen! I (think) someone (knock) at the door.
2 Up to the present, we (write) almost every lesson in the book.
3 The earth (circle) the sun once every 365 days.
4 The farmers (work) in the field at the moment.
5 How many time you (see) him since he went to Edinburgh?
6 Rivers usually (flow) to the sea.
7 Look! The boy (cry) and (shout).
8 Do you know that man, who (smoke) there?
9 We (be) from France, but we (be) in England for 20 years.
10 That house (belong) to Mr Green.
11 I (be) sorry I (forget) that girl’s name already.
4 Give the correct verb forms: using Past simple tense or Present perfect tense
1 I (see) her before Maybe, I (see) her last year.
2 Tom never (be) in Ha Noi.
3 I (read) the novel written by Jack London for several times.
4 What you (do) yesterday? You (watch) TV last night?
5 He (write) a book since last year.
6 Mr Green (teach) English in this school since he (graduate) from the university in 1986.
5 Translate into English
1 Năm nay chúng tôi đã xuất khẩu đợc 100 tấn gạo.
2 Anh ấy đã chụp rất nhiều ảnh.
3 Tôi đã dịch xong 5 câu.
4 Mai đã học ở trờng THPT Chuyên đợc 2 năm rồi.
5 Lan chơi đàn piano từ khi cô ấy 6 tuổi
6 Chị gái tôi đã viết một vài lá th.
7 Tôi đã học tiếng Anh từ khi tôi 7 tuổi và tôi cha bào giờ cảm thấy chán môn học này.
8 Tôi cha bao giờ yêu một ai, và bây giờ tôi, 28 tuổi, vẫn đang sống một mình.
6 Put ‘been’ or ‘gone’ into the gaps below
1 She was here, but she has ………to the bank I don’t know when she comes back.
2 He has a lot of money and he has just ……… to the bank You can meet him.
3 They have ……… to London several times.
Trang 154 He has ……….to Spain and won’t come back till next week.
5 He isn’t here He has ………to the post-office to buy some stamps.
6 This is the first time I’ve ……….to Ha Noi I have never ………… here before.
7 My sister has just ……… to Washington city She will be there for three weeks.
8 He has……… to California three times
9 John has ……… working in Washington for three years.
10 We haven’t ……… to the store yet.
7 choose the best answer
1 Lan ……… Dalat last summer.
a visit b.visits c.visited d.visiting
2 They enjoy ……… stamps.
3 What was wrong……….her?
4 Wash your hands……… meals
5 Long was absent ……….class yesterday.
6 You should go to bed early Don’t ……….up late
7 Mai toothache last week
A has B is having C had D.will have
8.They on the farm now
A work B worked C will work D.are working
9 Don/t worry He how to fill the cavity in your tooth.
A know B is knowing C.knows D knew
10.Yesterday, Mr Hoang a new job at the Thanh Cong factory.
A started B starts C will start D is going to start
11 She looks tired What/s the with her?
12 come to the meeting last night? - Because I was busy
A Why did you B When will you C Why didn/t you
13 My brother doesn/t like pork and
A either do I B neither do I C neither I do C I don/t too
14 What about to dinner with me?
8 Fill in the missing article
1 Tim’s father bought him bicycle that he had wanted for a long time.
2 .Statue of Liberty was a gift of friendship from France to United States.
3 Rita is studying English and Math this semester.
4 judge asked witness to tell truth.
5 Please give me cup of coffee with cream and sugar.
6 big books on the table are for my history class.
7 Noone in Spainish class knows correct answer to Mr Brown’s question.
8 When you go to store, please buy bottle of chocolate milk and dozen oranges.
9 Lake Eries is on of five great lakes in North America.
10 There are only …… few seats left for…… tonight’s musical show at…… university.
11 John and Mary goes to …… School by bus and then study in …… library.
12 On our trip to ……… Spain, we crossed …… Atlantic Ocean.
Trang 1613 What did you eat for ……… breakfast this morning?
14 David plays…… basketball and baseball at ……… Boy’s club this year.
15 Jack attends ……… Princeton University.
16 ………… chair that you are sitting in is broken.
Unit 7
Future tenses
I vocabulary
II Exercises
1 Supply the correct verb tense
1 Rob Fellow (come) from England He (come) to Paris six months ago to learn French He
(start) learning French at school in London when he (be) 11, so he (learn) it for nearly ten
years He just (take) an exam Today he (be) very excited because his parents (come) tomorrow
and they (stay) with him for few days.
2 – The newspaper (come)? -> Yes, Ann (read) it attentively It (seem) very interesting
3 When he (be) in London, he (write) me every week
4 - You (know) what the writer’s name (be)? -> Oh, I (forget) I (read) it a long time ago
5 Noone knows how long the meeting tomrrow (last)
6 The boys (not/ enjoy) (do) lessons They would like (play) games
Trang 177 They (not/ stop) (eat) since they arrived.
8 – You ever (be) to Cambridge? -> Yes, I (be) there last month
- How you (get) there? -> My brother (take) me in his car
9 How long ago you (buy) these adventure stories?
10 We still (do) our homework now But we (go) with you right after we (finish) it
11 He (be) good to me since I (be) a little girl I (not/ forget) his kindness
12 What you (do) at 8 o’clock yesterday when he (come) to see you? -> Oh, I (write) a letter
13 You ever (be) ………… to England? – Yes, I (go)……… there 3 years ago
14 It’s difficult to get used to (eat)……… with chopsticks
2 Make a complete letter (2pts).
Dear Julia,
1 I / be / sorry / it / take / so long / reply / your letter
2 You / please / know / I come / London / next weekend
3 It / seem / long time / we / meet
4 I / wonder / you / like / go / see / film / play
5 There / be / new / Harrison Ford film / at / Odeon
6 Perhaps / can go / meal / drink / afterwards
7 Give / ring / later / week / arrange / more definite
8 Look / forward / hear / you / soon
3 Chän mét tõ mµ phÇn g¹ch ch©n, in ®Ëm cã c¸ch ph¸t ©m kh¸c víi nh÷ng tõ cßn l¹i
4 Choose the best answer
1 There are chances that Manchester United the last match against Juventus
2 It is six years we moved to Chicago
3 I am sorry I have forgotten _ a table at the restaurant for you
A reserving B to reserve C having reserved D to be reserved
4 I am leaving the key under the pot in the garden _ you should be home earlier than usual
5 Susan couldn’t help when I told her the joke
Trang 18A laughing B laugh C to laugh D laughed
6 Your hair needs You’d better have it done tomorrow
7 Doctors advise too many hours watching television
A not to spend B not being spent C not spend D not spending
8 As soon as you hear the alarm, you all have to leave the building
A on the verge B under law C at no time D without delay
9 Jane likes watching films, but she is not keen on any kind
A specially B certainly C largely D particularly
10 If you come to the theatre late, you have to wait until the to get in
A break B interval C refreshment D half-time
11 Too many tests and exams have put high school students pressure
12 I am fed hanging around here with nothing to do
13 My little son is learning how to his shoes
5 Give the correct verb forms: using Future tense
1 I’m sure they (complete) the new road by June
2 He (wait) for you when you (get) back tomorrow
3 At this same time tomorrow, we (drive) through Pennsylvania
4 We (see) you next Monday
5 In two years from now, the contract (come) to an end
6 Who (look) after the children when you are away?
7 By November I (work) for this company for 6 years
8 We (marry) this weekend, and we wonder if you could come?
9 I (buy) you a present on your birthday, Linda!
6 Choose the best answer
1 John likes tennis
A playing B play C played D plays
2 What will you during your vacation?
A did B does C do D doing
3 Would you like to go the library?
A swim B swam C swimming
7 your sister be home dinner tonight?
A do-with B does-at C will-for D did-for
Trang 198 Vietnamese students longer vacations than American students.
A has B have C had D having
9 Could you show me the way the railway station please?
A to B at C next
10 How is it from Hanoi to Hue?
A many B long C far
11 beautiful day!
A How B What a C What
12 - Where is the bank? -
A Turn left and then right B About 15 minutes C It’s 2 km
13 do you have English at school?
A What B Where C When
14 He travel to Hai Phong tomorrow
A will B is going C is
15 Children should milk everyday
A to drink B drink C drinking
16 We are………….a play for the school anniversary celebration
A making B rehearsing C doing
17 That’s a good ………… Let’s go to the beach
A thinking B word C idea
18 Does Nam often play marbles………….recess
A on B at C in
19 - I don’t like jazz music - _
A I do either B I am, too C Neither do I D So do I
20 Phong usually _TV in the evening, but yesterday evening he _ to music
A watches… listens B watches… listened
C watches… is listening D watched… listens
21 How many people will take part the WTS day?
A on B for C in D at
22 My mother always drives
A careful B carefully C slow D fastest
23 You ought to to the dentist
A going B to go C go D will go
24 Stop, please! That's too sugar
A many B some C much D few
7 I am glad you're feeling better
A hear B hearing C heard D to hear
26 I would like you about my school and my teachers
A to tell B telling C tell D tells
27 I don't like coffee Lan doesn't like it,
A neither B either C too D so
28 You must drink water every day
A many B few C much D any
29 Ha likes candy do we
A Neither B So C Either D Too
Trang 2030 Let's to the zoo.
A to go B goes C going D go
31 - What's _with you ? - I have a toothache
A matter B wrong C happen
32 Nam is a good soccer player He plays soccer _
A good B bad C well
33 Minh _ playing football to badminton
A prefers B likes C would like
34 _to play chess with me? - Yes, I'd love to
A What about B Would you like C Let's
35 _ a beautiful dress!
A How B What C Which
36 My father enjoys _books in his free time
A to read B read C reading
37 How _is the blue hat?
A often B many C much
38 The toy store is _the restaurant
A near B far C between
39 Did Jane buy any _?
A souvenirs B picture C book
40 After the holiday they returned to Ha Noi _bus
A by B on C in
41 They home at 6.30 in the evening, then they had dinner
A are arriving B will arrive C arrived D are going to arrive
42 How _is it from Hue to Da Nang ?
A many B much C far
43 Ba wanted to buy some English newspapers, so he went to the _
A library B bookstore C clothing store
44 Add _salt and pepper to the soup
UNIT 8
I VOCABULARY: verbs
1 agree 11 affirmative 21 paint 31 guess 41 disallow
2 disagree 12 affirmation 22 illustrate 32 appear 42
3 agreeable 13 approve 23 share 33 disappear 43
4 agreement 14 disapprove 24 admire 34 appearance 44 arrange
5 advantage 15 approvable 25 complain 35 affect 45 disarrange
Trang 216 disadvantage 16 approval 26 reserve 36 disaffect 46.
7 advantageous 17 believe 27 consist + of 37 47
8 + ness 18 disbelieve 28 insist + on 38 48 describe
I Một số tr ờng hợp cần chú ý
• Be tired of # Be tired from
• Be grateful to sb for sth
• Be responsible to sb for sth
• Be good/ bad at # Be good/ bad for
• Be kind/ nice to + V ; It’s kind/ nice of sb
II Giới từ theo sau động từ
6 congratulate sb on sth 6 prevent sb/ sth from
14 look forward to + V-ing 14 get married/ ingaged to sb/
III Bài tập
Trang 22I Read the passage then do the tasks below
Joanne Ussery, 54, from Mississippi is a big favorite with her two grandsons because shelives on a jet plane Her home is a Boeing 727, so visit to grandma is very special
Joanne’s front door is at the top of the plane’s steps, but you don’t need a ticket or apassport when you visit There are three bedrooms, a living room, a modern kitchen, and aluxury bathroom The bathroom is in the cockpit, with the bath ubder the windows Next to this
is Joanne’s bedroom with four emergency exit doors, which she opens on Summer evenings Onthe wall there’s a photo of the plane flying from Florida to Caribbean There are also fourtoilets, all with No Smoking signs Joanne says: “The plane is 27 years old It has all the thingsyou want in a home: a telephone, air conditioning, a cooker, a washing machine, even adishwasher It’s always very warm, even in winter, and it’s very big, 42 metres long Mygrandchildren love running up and down And my friends love parties here, but there aren’t anyflight attendants to serve them their drinks!”
* New words:
- emergency exit: Cöa tho¸t hiÓm - cockpit: buång l¸i m¸y bay
- a flight attendant: tiÕp viªn hµng kh«ng – step: bËc lªn xuèng
1 Answer these questions below basing on the text
a How old is she? d How many grandsons does she have?
b Where does she live? e How many bedrooms are there?
c How old is her home? f How many toilets are there?
2 Say these sentences are true (T) or false (F) or no information (NF)
b You neet a ticket when you want to visit her ………
e Joanne sometimes opens the emergency exit door ………
f There is a photo of the plane in the living room ………
h It’s very warm in summer because she doesn’t have air conditioning ………
i Her friends love her parties because flight attendants serve the drinks ………
II Fill in each gap with a suitable word in the table below
bedrooms Beach fireplace bathroom flowers visitors
I live in a …………near the sea It’s an old house,………… 100 years old, and it’s verysmall There are two ……… upstairs but no bathroom The ……… is downstairs next to the
…… and there’s a living-room where there’s a lovely old……… There’s a garden in front of thehouse The garden goes down to the……… , and in Spring and Summer there are…………everywhere I live ……….with my dog, Boxer, but we have a lot of……… Many of my friendswork in the city, so they often stay with me ……….they want to relax I love my house for manyreasons: the garden, the flowers in summer, the fire in winter, but the……… thing is the viewfrom my bedroom window
III Read the paragraph and answer the questions
Trang 23Brian is a doctor He looks after sick people He usually gets up at 6.00 o’clock Today he
is late, it is 6.30 and he is still in bed He usually goes to work by train but today he is driving towork He arrives at work at 6.30 every morning but it is 7.30 now and he is still driving
It’s 12.00 o’clock now He always has his lunch at 12.00 but today he isn’t having lunch at 12.00, he is looking after his sick patients It is half past seven now, Brian is watching TV He usually watches TV at half past seven because his favorite programme starts at half past seven Brian has his dinner at 8.30 everyday and he is having dinner now
It is 24.00 now Brian is going to bed He always goes to bed at 24.00
1 What does Brian do? 6 When does he always have his lunch?
2 What time does he usually get up? 7 What is he doing at 12.00 today?
3 How does he usually go to work? 8 Why does he usually watch TV at 7.30?
4 Why is he driving to work today? 9 What time does he go to bed?
5 What time does he arrive at work everyday? 10 What time is he going to bed now?
IV Supply the correct form of the verbs with PRESENT CONTINUOUS or SIMPLE PRESENT
42.The children ……… (play) outside now
43.She usually ……… (read) the newspaper in the morning
44 At this moment I (do) an exercise on Present continous tense and I (think) I can (do) it well.45.I ……… (eat) my dinner now
46.……… (you / want) a pizza?
47.They ……… (watch) TV now
48.I ……… (not / like) spaghetti
49.Keeps silent, Tommy! Your sister ……… (sleep)!
50.My mother usually ……… (cook) dinner in the evening
51 He ……… (write) a letter to his pen-friend every month
52 She ……… (not / like) football
53 Mary ……… (listen) to music now
54 Tom usually ………(drink) coffee, but he ……… (drink) tea now
55 We ……… (go) to the disco tonight
56 ……… (he / go) to work by bus everyday
57 Susan usually ……… (go) to school by bus, but now she … (go) to school by train
58 Mary often ……… (read) in bed, but today she is very tired and she …… (not / read)
59 The boys usually ……… (ride) their bikes to school They ……… (like / ride) their bikes They ……(be) very naughty boys They always …… (go) to school late Today their
teacher ……… (be) very angry, because they ……… (be) late again
60 Mary …… (like / eat) sweets Every morning she … (have) coffee with a lot of sweets and chocolate For lunch she and her friends often …… (eat) sweets or ice-cream She
……… (not / like / eat) fruit or vegetables She ……… (eat / never) eggs or cheese Today she ……… (be) sick She ……… (sleep) in her room now
61 Look! Jane ……… (sing) again She often ……… (sing) this song
62 The girls ……… (not / talk) now All of them ………… (watch) a film
V Pick out the word whose underlined part has the pronunciation different from that of
the other words
Trang 243 A chair B cheap C chorus D child E champion
5 A picture B chair C machine D question E march
4 A chicken B coach C orchestra D change
VI Choose the best answer
1 We will take part …… an important race across the Alantic (at / in / on / to)
2 We are very froud him (in / for / of / about)
3 Lan will be seventeen her next birthday (in / at / of / on)
4 Her birthday is on the of July (twelve / twelveth / twelfth / twelf)
5 I’d like your club (join / joined / is joining / to join)
7 … hours are there in a day ? (How much / How many / How / How about)
8 I have breakfast with my family every morning (a / an / 0 / the)
9 Sometimes I watch TV go out with my friends (or / and / but / so)
10 We often have to suffer the pressure in life made of ourselves (from / of / with / about)
11 So far, no cure for the common cold and no medicine to prevent it
(it is / there is / there are / they are)
12 People have all kinds of ideas about to prevent and treat colds (what/why/where/how)
13 .…… say that you should avoid getting wet and chilled or you will catch cold
(doctors/ dentists/ vets/ teachers)
14 You know by symptoms that you have a clod and you feel completely miserable
(this / that / these / they)
15 When he goes fishing , he often catches (old boots / rubbish / a lot fishes / nothing)
16 The is showing them his plans of the new building
(doctor / pianist / architect / dancer)
17 If you the directions , you couldn’t get lost (to follow / follow / following / follows)
18 Turn left the station and walk past a chemist’s on your right (out / outside / inside / in)
19 Take the Number 15 bus from the station and at the Star Hotel
(get up / get by / get on / get off)
20 I don’t want much sugar in my coffee Just , please (a few / a little / fewer / less)
VII Put in AT,ON or IN
1 Mozart was born in Salzburg 1756
2 I haven’t seen Kate for a few days.I last saw her Tuesday
3 The price of electricity is going up October
4 I have been invited to a wedding 14 February
5 Hurry up! We’ve got to go five minutes
Trang 256 I am busy just now but I’ll be a moment.
7 Jenny’s brother is an engineer but he’s out of work the moment
8 There are usually a lot of parties New Year’s Eve
9 I hope the weather will be nice the weekend
10 Saturday night I went to bed 11 o’clock
11 I don’t like travelling night
12 We travelling overnight to Paris and arrived 5 o’clock the morning
13 The course begins 7 January and ends sometimes April
14 It was quite a short book and easy to read.I read it a day
15 I might not be at home Tuesday morning but I’ll probably be there the afternoon
16 My car is being repaired at the garage.It will be ready two hours
17 The telephone and the doorbell rang the same time
18 Mary and Henry always go out for a meal their wedding anniversary
19 Henry is 63.He’ll be retiring from his job two years’s time
20 I don’t like travelling noon
VIII Put IN,ON or AT in where necessary.
1 a I will see you ………….Friday b I’ll see you ……… next Friday
2 a What are you doing … Saturday? b What are you doing … the weekend?
3 a They often go out … the evenings b They often go out … Sunday evenings
4 a Do you work … Wednesday? b Do you work …… every Wednesday?
5 a We usually have a holiday … the summer b We usually have a holiday … Christmas
6 a Pauline got married …… 1991 b Pauline got married … 18 May 1991
c Pauline is getting married … this year
IX Complete the sentences.Each time use AT,ON or IN + one of the following
The evening about 20 minutes 1492 Christmas
21 July 1969the same time the 1920s Sundays
The Middle Ages 11 seconds night the moment
1 Columbus made his first voyage from Europe to America in 1942
2 In Britain most people do not work
3 If the sky is clear,you can see the stars
4 After working hard during the day,I like to relax
5 The first man walked on the moon
6 It’s difficult to listen if everyone is speaking
7 Jazz beame popular in the United States
8 I am just going out to the shop.I’ll be back
9 (on the phone) “Can I speak to Clare?” “I am afraid she’s not here
10 In Britain people send each other cards
11 Many of Europe’s great cathedrals were built
12 Bob is a very fast runner.He can run 100 metres
Unit 9: verb patterns
I Phân loại động từ (classification of verb )
Ngoại động từ (Transitive verb) Nội động từ (Intransitive verb)
E.x: The referee blows his whistle. E.x: We walked across the fields.
Trang 26- Ngoại động từ có thể có 2 tân ngữ: trực tiếp và gián tiếp Nobody knows where the old man lives.
E.x: My mother gives me some money
# My mother gives money to me.
direct object: ‘money’ / indirect object: ‘me’
- Ngoại đtừ có thể có từ làm bổ ngữ cho tân ngữ
E.x: We thought him clever./ They elected him president.
* Động từ liên kết ( Linking verbs ) : là những từ kô diễn tả nghĩa rõ rệt, cần có một từ khác bổ túc
về nghĩa E.x: My father is a doctor
- Một số từ liên kết nh: to be, to become, to seem, to look, to feel, to sound, etc (sau đó có thể là 1
danh từ hay 1 tính từ) E.x: The clouds look black./ He wants to become a teacher.
II Các hình thức cơ bản của động từ ( form of verbs )
1 Động từ nguyên thể ( infinitive ) : có thể có to (to-infinitive) hoặc kô (bare infinitive)
1.1 Bare infinitive: dùng trong những trờng hợp sau
• Sau các động từ khiếm khuyết: can, may, must, will, could
• Sau các đtừ cảm quan nh: see, hear, feel, make, let
E.x: I saw her get off the bus
(nhng nếu ở dạng bị động thì fải có to: She was seen to get off the bus)
• Sau các ngữ động từ nh: had better, would rather
E.x: You had better tell him the truth.
1.2 The gerund: là hình thức đtừ tận cùng bằng -ing và có tính chất của danh từ.
E.x: Collecting stamps is my hobby -> My hobby is collecting stamps.
1.3 The participles: là những hình thức của đtừ có tính chất tính từ (Trừ các đtừ khuyết thiếu) Các đtừ đều có 2 hình thức động tính từ:
• Present participles: ending with -ing (ngụ ý chủ động).
• Past participles: ending with -ed hoặc một hình thức khác (ngụ ý bị động).
E.x: This book is very interesting # I m interested in this book’
IIi Cách dùng của động từ ( the uses of verbs )
1 Động từ nguyên thể ( infinitives )
To-infinitives
• Chủ ngữ (sau appear, seem, be):
E.x: To see Ronaldo is all what I desire & To love is to believe.
• Bổ ngữ: E.x: Tommy s greatest wish is to tell Josa his love’
• Tân ngữ: E.x: I forget to bring you the umbrella.
* Đtừ nguyên thể th ờng đ ợc dùng làm tân ngữ sau các đtừ sau : agree, arrange, ask, begin, care,
choose, claim, come, continue, decide, deserve, determine, demand, desire, expect, forget, hate, help, hope, intend, learn, long, manage, mean, offer, promise, propose, refuse, swear, try, threaten, tend, etc.
* Đtừ nguyên thể th ờng đ ợc dùng làm tân ngữ sau các cụm từ sau : make sure, make up one’s mind, take the trouble, take care
E.x: Tom takes the trouble to help me to London.
* Đtừ nguyên thể th ờng đ ợc dùng làm tân ngữ trong các cấu trúc có tính từ : (*)
S + be + adj + to inf
E.x: Dinner is ready to be served./ This soup is not very good to eat.
S + be + adj + for sb+ to inf
S
Trang 27E.x: He was happy for me to leave sign in the form.
* To-infinitive có thể đ ợc dùng sau những từ để hỏi nh : what, where, when, who, how, which etc E.x: I don t know ’ what to say.
• Tính từ bổ nghĩa cho danh từ hay đại từ bất định
E.x: Give them someting to drink! & The book to be rewritten is very interesting.
• Đóng vai trò một trạng ngữ chỉ mục đích.
E.x: I saved money to buy a bike
• Dùng trong các cấu trúc của các đtừ sau: S + V + O + to-infinitive
* advise, allow, ask, beg, believe, cause, consider, enable, encourage, expect, find, force, guess, imagine, invite, lead, observe, persuade, teach, want etc.
E.x: I told her to be patient & The policeman forces me to stop my car.
• Dùng trong cấu trúc câu nh: to tell the truth, to cut a long story short, to be perfectly frank (with sb), to be honest, to be fair (to sb)
E.x: To tell the truth, I don t know where he is exactly’
• The continuous infinitive cũng có thể đc sử dụng (passive)
E.x: He is thought to be hiding in the woods (= People think he is hiding in the woods)
Bare infinitives:
• Modal verbs: E.x: I can play football well.
• Feel, hear, see, watch: E.x: I heard him lock the door.# He was seen to enter the office.
• Let, make: E.x: He let me leave without saying anything.
• Would rather, had better, help (to), but, except: I would rather wait till tomorrow
2 Danh động từ ( Gerunds )
• Chủ ngữ: E.x: Collecting stamps is my hobby.
• Bổ ngữ (sau to be, mean, look ): E.x: My hobby is collecting stamps.
• Sau giới từ: E.x: Touch your toes without bending your knees! & He s good at skiing’
• Đi theo sau rất nhiều động từ + giới từ: give up, keep on, look forward to, go on, put off
E.x: He put off making a decision till he had more information.
look forward to, take to, be accustomed to, be used to
E.x: The car was broken down so they had to take to cycling.
• Sau một số thành ngữ: can t bear, can t stand, can t face, can t help, feel like’ ’ ’ ’
E.x: I didn t feel like talking to him after what had happened’
• Mind+ V-ing: E.x: I don t mind living here’ & Would you mind not smoking?
3 Some verbs taking inf or gerund without changing meaning
3.1 begin, start, continue, can/could bear, intend, cease+ V-ing/ to-inf (to-inf is more usual)
E.x: He continued living/ to live above the shop.
3.2 advise, allow, permit, recommend + V-ing/ to-inf.
E.x: He advised me to leave at once & They don t allow parking’ (the person is not entioned)
4 Some verbs taking inf or gerund but changing their meaning
• Remember/ forget/ regret + to + V: future action
+ V-ing: past action
E.x: Please remember to return my book tomorrow, Liz!
I remember putting my hat somewhere in this room!
• Agree + to inf # agree with sb: E.x: I asked To to wait and he agreed to wait for a week.