LECTURE NOTE ON LESSON 1 ( PART 2)

Đầu tư vào quốc phòng dẫn đến sự thâm hụt ngân sách Investing in defense leads to financial losses =Sự thâm hụt ngân sách là kết quả của việc đầu tư quốc phòng Chính phủ đầu tư vào qu

Đầu tư vào quốc phòng dẫn đến sự thâm hụt ngân sách

Investing in defense leads to financial

losses

=Sự thâm hụt ngân sách là kết quả của việc đầu tư quốc phòng

Chính phủ đầu tư vào quốc phòng, và điều này gây ra thâm hụt ngân sách

= Government invests in defense, and this causes financial losses

= Chính phủ đầu tư vào quốc phòng, và do vậy, điều này gây ra thâm hụt ngân sách

= Because government invests in defense, this causes financial losses

= Chính phủ đầu tư vào quốc phòng; điều này gây ra thâm hụt ngân sách

Bởi vì= Do chính phủ đầu tư vào

quốc phòng, điều này gây ra thâm

hụt ngân sách

= owing to= due to- because=

because of- as result of= as a

consequence of

Destroying old houses brings economic

benefits to government and citizens

Government destroys old houses, and this creates new and greater economic

opportunities

Because government destroys old houses, this creates new and greater economic

opportunities

COPY AND RECYCLE Investing in defense causes financial losses

to governments When governments only focus on this field, other sectors will lack money to develop and countries may suffer financial crisis For example, North Korea spent above 70% of its budget on defense, and this led to its financial crisis for a long time In other countries, they may

experience economic penalties from their neighbors if they follow this policy

- 7 diem: voi thang cham de

- 6.5: cham cong minh

- 6: cham voi thang khon nan

BENEFIT= ADVANTAGE= UPSIDE= MAT

TOT

HAVE A POSITIVE INFLUENCE ON

HAVE A POSITIVE IMPACT ON

HAVE A GOOD EFFECT ON

DISADVANTAGE= DRAWBACK- DOWNSIDE HAVE A NEGATIVE INFLUENCE ON

HAVE A NEGATIVE IMPACT ON

HAVE A BAD EFFECT ON

First, wearing uniform has a positive

influence on learning environment of

students

Second, living in the countryside has a

positive effect on children's development

Third, investing in defense has a bad effect

on national security

Fourth, destroying old houses has a

negative influence on the understanding of the young

DEFENSE INVESTMENT

- CHILDREN ( WHO SEE THIS ISSUE AND HOW ARE THEY AFFECTED)

- GOVERNMENTS ( PAY MONEY AND

PROTECT COUNTRIES)

- NEIGHBORS ( HOW DO THEY THINK, LIKE

OR DISLIKE)

- INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY ( HOW DO THEY THINK ABOUT THE WORLD'S

BENEFIT)

- INVESTORS ( WHAT THEY GAIN)

- CITIZENS ( WHAT THEY GAIN OR WHAT THEY LOSE)

PEEING IN PUBLIC

- PEERS

- SEERS

- FRIENDS AND GIRLFRIENDS/ BOY

FRIENDS

-PARENTS

- NEIGHBORS

- THE PUBLIC

- CLEANERS

- CITY

SETTING UP CAMERAS IN PUBLIC

- GOVERNMENTS

- CITIZENS

- CAMERA BUSINESS

- BODY GUARD BUSINESS

- STEALERS/ CRIMINALS

- CHILDREN

- POLICE

The first disadvantage of watching

television is to have a negative impact on people's health ( sign-post)

It is, first, believed that this habit has a

negative effect on people's health ( fake

subject- chu ngu gia)

First, when people watch television, their health can be negatively affected ( complex-chinh phu)

First, this habit has a bad effect on people's health ( chu ngu dem- synonym)

First, television watchers can suffer health problems ( nguoi lam chu ngu- object)

First, people's health problem is a negative effect of watching television ( ket qua lam chu ngu- effect as subject)

The first benefit of listening to music is to have a positive effect on people's

imagination ( sign-post)

It is, first, believed that this habit has a

positive influence on people's imagination ( fake subject)

First, when people listen to music, their

imagination can be positively affected

( complex)

First, music listeners can develop their

imagination ( people)

First, the habit of listening to music has a good effect on their imagination ( synonym) First, people's imagination development is a positive influence of this habit ( effect)

TICH CUC

- improve- enhance- develop= nurture=

foster= nourish=cultivate=build ( phat trien, hoan thien, nuoi duong tri tuong tuong, su sang tac, tu duy, ky nang, tai nang )

- gain=obtain= acquire= enhance=

accumulate ( tich luy)= enrich (dat, nang

cao, phat trien, tich luy, mo rong kien thuc,

ky nang)

- enrich= enlarge= mo rong ( quan he)

- provide favorable condition to gain

something= equip somebody with

something= enable somebody to do

something ( tao dieu kien cho cai gi do phat trien)= help somebody do something

TIEU CUC= GAY RA CAI XAU

- be responsible for something

- be the cause of something

- be a contributor to something

- trigger something

- pose something

- lead to something

- be a culprit of something ( thu pham cua cai gi_

- put something in danger

- put something at risk

- endanger something

- put something in jeopardy

First, it is believed that this habit can put environment in danger ( fake subject- put something in danger)

Equally important, when people smoke, they can endanger their money ( complex=

endanger something)

Third, smokers are culprits of damaging

their health and others' ( object= be culprits of)