May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or
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system for classroom use © Larysa Ray/Shutterstock © Valeri Potapova/Shutterstock
MARY ELLEN GUFFEY AND CAROLYN M SEEFER
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© 2017 Cengage Learning® May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning
management system for classroom use © Larysa Ray/Shutterstock
about above according to after
along with at
before between
beside but by due to during except for
from
in/into like near of on to under with
Commonly Used Prepositions
3
Trang 4Prepositional Phrases
A preposition often appears in a prepositional phrase:
Preposition + Object = Prepositional Phrase
The object of a preposition is a noun or pronoun.
She placed her briefcase under her desk.
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© 2017 Cengage Learning® May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning
management system for classroom use © Larysa Ray/Shutterstock
Objective Case Following Prepositions
Use objective-case pronouns (me, us, you, him, her, it, and
them) as objects of prepositions.
5
Everyone except Leslie and her arrived early.
Just between you and me,
sales are increasing.
Trang 6 Using of for have
Using of for from
Using to for too
Typical Problems With Prepositions
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© 2017 Cengage Learning® May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning
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Do not substitute the preposition of for the verb have.
Using of for have
7
They should have (not of ) walked to the restaurant.
We could have (not of )
received free tickets
We would have (not of ) attended the concert if we had known
about it.
Trang 8 Do not replace the preposition from with the words of or of
of.
Using of for from
Can I get the user data from (not of or of of ) you?
Christine borrowed the pen from (not of or of of ) Brandon
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© 2017 Cengage Learning® May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning
management system for classroom use © Larysa Ray/Shutterstock
Do not use the preposition to ( “in a direction toward”) in place of
the adverb too (“additionally,” “also,” or “excessively”).
Using to for too
9
Give the cash receipts to the courier
Sales reps received tablets and smartphones too.
The car was too small to
carry the equipment.
Trang 10TRY YOUR SKILL
Choose the correct word
to complete these
sentences.
1 Between you and (I/me), I didn’t like his
idea.
2 We should (have/of) arrived earlier.
3 Suzanne borrowed some money (of
of/from) her daughter.
4 The rent for this office space is (to/too)
high.
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▶ Use challenging prepositions correctly.
▶ Retain necessary prepositions, omit unnecessary
ones, and construct formal sentences that avoid terminal prepositions.
11
Trang 12 Commonly Confused Prepositions
Necessary Prepositions
Unnecessary Prepositions
Ending a Sentence With a Preposition
Challenges With Prepositions
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© 2017 Cengage Learning® May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning
management system for classroom use © Larysa Ray/Shutterstock
Among, Between
Beside, Besides
Trang 14Among, Between
Among: used to speak of three or
more persons or things
Between: used to speak of two
persons or things
Profits will be divided among the nine partners.
Responsibility will be divided between the vice president and the
general manager
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© 2017 Cengage Learning® May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning
management system for classroom use © Larysa Ray/Shutterstock
Beside, Besides
Beside: means “next to”
Besides: means “in addition to”
You have another option besides this one.
The carpool parking lot is beside the office.
Trang 16Except (preposition): means “but” or
excluding”
Accept (verb): means “to receive”
All pages except three must be edited.
We will accept applications for the position online
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© 2017 Cengage Learning® May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning
management system for classroom use © Larysa Ray/Shutterstock
In, Into,
In to
In: indicates a position or location
He is interested in underwater photography.
The event took place in the
new World Trade Center
in New York City.
Trang 18 Entering into something
She plans to go into accounting.
We will move into our new building soon.
Changing form
He is turning into a talented musician.
The caterpillar changed into a butterfly.
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© 2017 Cengage Learning® May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning
management system for classroom use © Larysa Ray/Shutterstock
In, Into,
In to
In to (two words): the adverb in
preceding an infinitive or a prepositional phrase
She went in to see the doctor to get her lab results (to see is
an infinitive)
Please turn the report in to your boss on time (to your boss
is a prepositional phrase)
Trang 20The preposition like should be used to
introduce nouns or pronouns Do not
use like to introduce clauses
My friend looks a lot like Natalie Portman.
I wish I could sing like him.
I feel as if (not like) I don’t have enough time to complete the
project.
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© 2017 Cengage Learning® May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning
management system for classroom use © Larysa Ray/Shutterstock
Be sure to include those prepositions necessary to clarify a
Trang 22 Omit unnecessary prepositions.
I’m not sure when the meeting is scheduled for (not
“scheduled for”)
The delivery was left outside of
the door (not “outside of”)
Where would you like to meet at?
(not “meet at”)
Did that earthquake this morning wake you up? (not “wake
Unnecessary Prepositions
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© 2017 Cengage Learning® May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning
management system for classroom use © Larysa Ray/Shutterstock
In formal writing, careful writers avoid ending sentences with
prepositions
Ending a Sentence With a Preposition
23
Trang 24TRY YOUR SKILL
Choose the correct word
to complete these
sentences.
1 Let’s divide the pizza evenly
(between/among) the two of us.
2 Dividends will be divided (between/among)
all stockholders.
3 The break room is located (beside/besides)
the copy room.
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TRY YOUR SKILL
© 2017 Cengage Learning® May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning
management system for classroom use © Larysa Ray/Shutterstock 25
Choose the correct word
Trang 26TRY YOUR SKILL
Choose the correct word
to complete these
sentences.
7 He made quite an impression when he
walked (into/in to) the room.
8 She looks (like/as if) she would be an
excellent employee.
9 Did the applicant (graduate/graduate from)
college?
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▶ Recognize idioms and idiomatic constructions.
▶ Use idioms involving prepositions correctly.
27
Trang 28Idiomatic Use of Prepositions
Idioms are word combinations that are unique to a specific
language
These combinations have developed over time through usage
and often cannot be explained rationally.
In English learn to use specific prepositions with particular
words.
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© 2017 Cengage Learning® May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning
management system for classroom use © Larysa Ray/Shutterstock
Agree on mutual ideas Agree to a proposal or to undertake an action Agree with a person or his or her idea
Angry about a situation or condition Angry at a thing
Angry with a person Correspond to a thing Correspond with a person Difer from things
Difer with persons Diferent from (not than)
Idiomatic Expressions Examples
29
Trang 30Expert in Interest in Negligent of Plan to (not on) Reconcile with (match) Reconcile to (accept) Respect for
Retroactive to (not from)
Idiomatic Expressions Examples
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TRY YOUR SKILL
© 2017 Cengage Learning® May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning
management system for classroom use © Larysa Ray/Shutterstock 31
Choose the correct word
to complete these
sentences.
1 No one will agree (to/with) such a crazy
plan.
2 Lance was quite angry (at/with) his boss
after the meeting.
3 The presidential debate will center
(around/on) foreign policy.