Chapter 6 Diseases of the Cardiovascular System... Structures of the Heart Myocardium: Chamber walls, cardiac muscle Endocardium: Internal lining of chamber walls Pericardium: Do
Trang 1Chapter 6 Diseases of the Cardiovascular
System
Trang 2Structures of the Heart
Myocardium: Chamber walls, cardiac
muscle
Endocardium: Internal lining of chamber
walls
Pericardium: Double layer membrane
enclosing the heart
Valves: Mitral (left), Tricuspid (right),
Semilunar (2)
Trang 3Diagnostic Tests and Procedures for
Cardiac Disorders
Auscultation: Listening through a
stethoscope
ECG (electrocardiogram): Electrical
recording of heart action (helps dx CAD,
MI, Valve disorders, some congenital
diseases)
Echocardiography: Ultrasound
cardiography
Trang 4Diagnostic Tests and Procedures for
Cardiac Disorders (cont)
Angiography: Done with X-rays, contrast
injected – films blood vessel action
Cardiac catheterization: catheter passed
into heart through blood vessels
Trang 5Cardiovascular Diseases Signs and Symptoms
Hyperlipidemia: Elevation of lipids or fats in
the blood.
Hypercholesterolemia: Increase in serum
cholesterol.
Arteriosclerosis and/or atherosclerosis:
Occlusion of artery, lack of oxygen,
depends on location.
Peripheral Artery Disease: Thinning of lower
Trang 6 Aortic Aneurysm: No symptoms at first
Artery wall is weakened, can cause
bleeding which is hard to find.
pressure, headaches, sometimes a high
salt diet and alcohol consumption.
extremities, deep muscle tenderness,
inflammation.
Trang 7 Myocarditis: Fever, chest pain, shortness of
breath, tachycardia.
of joints, rash.
Excessive Ventricular growth; Restrictive –
Dyspnea, arthopnea, perpheral edema,
weakness, fatigue.
congestion of veins, cyanosis, congestive
heart failure.
Trang 8 Congestive Heart Failure: Shortness of
breath, fatigue, edema.
tachycardia, bradycardia, heart block,
syncope, edema, SOB; Ventricular – SOB,
fatigue, edema.
ventriculoseptal defect causes increased
blood flow to lungs.