1410 câu trắc nghiệm đọc hiểu

did their businesses at home Câu 14: According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a reason for the industrial growth in the United States before 1914.. áp án:D Dòng 15 – 16 nó

PHẦN ĐỌC HIỂU Thực hiện: Ban Chuyên môn Tuyensinh247.com

EXERCISE 1 MẪU ĐỀ THI TUYỂN SINH – TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC NGOẠI NGỮ (ID:122769)Đọc đoạn văn và trả lời 10 câu hỏi kèm theo

Line The Yêm is an ancient common upper-body garment for Vietnamese

girls and women for thousands of years until after World War II, when Western dressing style entered and became popular

5

10

A yêm was a sexy simply-cut piece of usually simple cloth, which could

be either outerwear or undershirt As Vietnam has a tropical climate with hot and humid summers, the lighter and airier the clothes are the

better The yêm was the solution in the old days for Vietnamese people to

the environment Colours and materials of the yêm reflected the woman‘s

age and social status Older women tended to wear round-necked, and

younger ones the v-neck style The working-class women wore dark

colours such as black, beige, or brown, and coarse cloth, while the elite

opted for more festive, brighter tones such as red and pink or white,

normally in dedicate cloth such as silk or satin

15 Throughout history, the design of the yêm stayed almost the same

However, there was much room for flexibility When a woman was

young, she tied the strings loosely to let the neck come lower, especially

when she wore necklaces When she got older, she pulled the strings

tighter to raise the neck higher This is a good example of the Vietnamese

dressing style – simplicity but with a height of delicacy and sexiness

20 The yêm dates to the Hung Kings (2879 BC - 258 AD) Evidence can be

found in the images of women in decoration on a Dong Xa bronze drum,

cast over 2,000 years ago It made its way down to around 1945 as a

traditional costume exclusively of Vietnamese women Photos of

Vietnamese women in the 1940s still showed some of them wearing the

yêm From the mid-20th century, along with the decline of the yêm to

give way for Western dressing trends, many traditions disappeared, such

as tying the hair around the head, or having the teeth dyed Recently, the

yêm is making a comeback, but only on the catwalk

Câu 1: What is the passage mainly about?

A The simple but attractive style of the yêm

B The ups and downs in the history of the yêm

C The roles of the yêm in Vietnamese culture

D The historical and fashion values of the yêm

Câu 2: According to the passage, who wore the yêm in Vietnam?

A Working-class women B Married women

C Elite girls and women D Girls and women

Câu 3: According to the passage, which of the following statements is true about the yêm?

A It was made from expensive cloth B It was worn as undershirt only

C It appeared in the World War II D It was worn in hot weathers

Câu 4: What was the material of working-class women‘s yêm?

A Silk B Satin C Soft cloth D Rough cloth

Câu 5: The phrase ―opted for‖ in line 10 is closest in meaning to

A maintained B desired C fancied D adopted

Câu 6: According to the passage, the yêm

A helped know about a woman‘s fashion style

B was different in colors to tell a woman‘s age

C could not work much in the tropical climate

D was made from different cloths based on a woman‘s class

Câu 7: Where in the passage can a summary of the yêm‘s style be found?

A Line 4-5 B Line 9-10 C Line 12-13 D Line 15-16

Câu 8: According to the passage, what is considered as the factor causing the decline of the yêm?

A Western culture B World War II C Western dresses D Western trends

Câu 9: In the third paragraph, what best paraphrases the sentence

―It made its way down to around 1945 as a traditional costume exclusively of Vietnamese women.‖?

A The yêm found a way to become a traditional costume of Vietnamese women only around 1945

B The yêm has declined in popularity since 1945 to give way for Western dressing style

C The yêm has become a traditional costume specially made for Vietnamese women since

A The yêm has a long history since the ancient time

B People now can only the yêm on the catwalk

C The yêm was once popular clothes in women‘s daily life

D How the yêm was designed reflected its flexibility

(ID:122780)Đọc đoạn văn và trả lời 10 câu hỏi kèm theo

Line

5

In the early 1800‘s, over 80 percent of the United States labor

force was engaged in agriculture Sophisticated technology and

machinery were virtually nonexistent People who lived in the cities

and were not directly involved in trade often participated in small

cottage industries making handcrafted goods Others cured meats,

silversmiths, candle or otherwise produced needed goods and

commodities Blacksmiths, silversmiths, candle makers, and other

artisans worked in their homes or barns, relying on help of family

10

15

[A] Perhaps no single phenomenon brought more widespread and

lasting change to the United States society than the rise of

industrialization Industrial growth hinged on several economic

factors First, industry requires an abundance of natural resources,

especially coal, iron ore, water, petroleum, and timber-all readily

available on the North American

continent Second, factories demand a large labor supply Between

the 1870‘s and the First World War (1914-1918), approximately

23 million immigrants streamed to the United States, settled in

cities, and went to work in factories and mines They also helped build

the vast network of canals and railroads that crisscrossed the continent

and linked important trade centers essential to industrial growth

20 [B] Factories also offered a reprieve from the backbreaking work

and financial unpredictability associated with farming Many adults,

poor and disillusioned with farm life, were lured to the cities by

promises of steady employment, regular paychecks, increased

access to goods and services, and expanded social opportunities Others

were pushed there when new technologies made their labor cheap

or expendable; inventions such as steel plows and mechanized

harvesters allowed one farmhand to perform work that previously

had required several, thus making farming capital-intensive rather

than labor-intensive

25 [C] Whereas cottage industries relied on a few highly skilled craft

workers who slowly and carefully converted raw materials into finished

products from start to finish, factories relied on specialization While

factory work was less creative and more monotonous, it was also more

efficient and allowed mass production of goods at less expense [D]

Câu 11: What aspect of life in the United States does the passage mainly discuss?

A The inventions that transformed life in the nineteenth century

B The problems associated with the earliest factories

C The difficulty of farm life in the nineteenth century

D The transition from an agricultural to an industrial economy

Câu 12: What was true in the United States economy in the early 19thcentury?

A Sophisticated technology first appeared

B Machinery was used for the first time

C People were involved in trade to earn money

D A big amount of labor was employed in agriculture

Câu 13: Blacksmiths, silversmiths, and candle makers are mentioned in lines 5-6 as examples of artisans who

A directly involved in trade B produced unusual goods

C helped their families a lot D did their businesses at home

Câu 14: According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a reason for the

industrial growth in the United States before 1914?

A The abundance of natural resources in the United States

B The smaller number of farms due to new technologies

C The big network of canals and railroads across the continent

D The low supply of labor employed in factories

Câu 15: The word ―lured‖ in line 18 is closest in meaning to

A attached B gathered C limited D attracted

Câu 16: The word ―Others‖ in line 19 refers to

A social opportunities B promises C goods and services D adults

Câu 17: What is the main idea of paragraph 3?

A What American factories offered their farmer

B How much capital was needed in American factories

C How technology affected the American work force

D What led American farmers to leaving their farm

Câu 18: What does the author mean when stating that certain inventions made farming

―capital-intensive rather than labor-intensive‖ (lines 22-23)?

A Workers had to be trained to operate the new machines

B The new inventions were not helpful for all farming activities

C Human labor could still accomplish as much work as the first machines

D Mechanized farming required more capital and fewer laborers

Câu 19: In which space (marked A, B, C and D in the passage) will the following sentence fit?

―The United States economy underwent a massive transition and the nature of work was permanently altered.‖

A [A] B [B] C [C] D [D]

Câu 20: Which of the following statements would the author most probably support?

A The United States witnessed the prosperity of industrialization in a short duration

B The United States farming was under the utmost influence of industrialization process

C Both economic and social factors resulted in the rise of industrialization in the United States

D Crucial changes in the United States society were generated by the industrial growth

(ID:122815)Chọn 01 cụm từ hoặc câu trong 04 lựa chọn cho sẵn trong mỗi câu hỏi để điền vào chỗ trống tương ứng trong bài luận đã cho

Some people assert that playing games is important for adults In my opinion, the importance of playing games depends on the types of games considered

(1)

The games that are important for adults to play include those requiring action, intensive thinking and team work It has been medically proven that physical training is extremely important for adults It helps not only to maintain fitness, but also enhances the capacity of thinking and working Therefore, participating in sports games, such as basketball, football, tennis and other action games is essential Games that require intensive thinking develop logic, attention and unconventional approach (2) And last, but not least, games that involve team work are important to develop further communicability, ability to make correct decisions with consideration of opinions of different people and other skills, because these skills are often used in everyday situations

Still there are other types of games that may be harmful These are majorly computer

games, which cause severe eye pain and exposure to radiation (3) ,

computer games not only harm health, but also have a negative impact on the working capacity Many companies have stringent rules against their employees playing games during work-hours

(4) These are games played for money On one hand, winning such a game the player feels positive emotions, which have an overall positive influence on the player‘s health and financial situation On the other hand, loosing the game can drive the person playing into disappointment and even into depression, thus harming his health, not

to mention the loss of money

Thus, in my opinion, the importance of adults playing games can be evaluated depending

on the level of positive or negative influences that those games may have on the person involved

Câu 21: Chọn 01 cụm từ hoặc câu trong 04 lựa chọn cho sẵn để điền vào chỗ trống số (1)

A While some games may benefit to health, mental abilities, others may harm the players

in different ways

B Though some games may be beneficial, others are harmful to players

C Games are not only beneficial but harmful to the persons playing those games as well

D While some games may benefit to health, mental abilities, working capacity, or help to relax, others may harm the

persons playing in different ways

Câu 22: Chọn 01 cụm từ hoặc câu trong 04 lựa chọn cho sẵn để điền vào chỗ trống số (2)

A These games are very beneficial to the users

B These are examples of games that are beneficial to users

C Besides, puzzles, crosswords, and strategy games are also beneficial to users

D Among this type of games are puzzles, crosswords, and strategy games

Câu 23: Chọn 01 cụm từ hoặc câu trong 04 lựa chọn cho sẵn để điền vào chỗ trống số (3)

A Therefore

B Last but not least

C Second

D Moreover

Câu 24: Chọn 01 cụm từ hoặc câu trong 04 lựa chọn cho sẵn để điền vào chỗ trống số (4)

A To some extent the following games can be beneficial to users as well

B Some can be harmful to users but some can be beneficial as well

C Furthermore, the following games can be harmful to users, especially addicted ones, as well

D There is also one category of games which can be both harmful and beneficial

Ngay dòng đầu tiên: The yêm is an ancient common upper-body garment for

Vietnamese girls and women -> Yếm là một trang phục cổ phổ biến mặc phía trên

cho các cô gái và phụ nữ Việt

3 áp án: D

Từ dòng 6: As Vietnam has a tropical climate with hot and humid summers, the lighter and airier the clothes are the better The yêm was the solution in the old days for Vietnamese people to the environment -> Việt Nam có khí hậu nhiệt đới với mùa

hè nóng ẩm, và áo yếm là giải pháp trong môi trường đó -> áo yếm để mặc trong thời tiết nóng

as red and pink or white, normally in dedicate cloth such as silk or satin -> tầng lớp

lao động mặc yếm bằng vải thô, còn tầng lớp thượng lưu mặc những loại vải tinh tế

7 áp án:D

Dòng 15 – 16 nói về phong cách mặc yếm: khi trẻ thì người phụ nữ thắt dây rộng và lỏng hơn, khi già thì thắt dây chặt hơn để đẩy cổ lên cao hơn – đây là phong cách mặc giản dị mà tinh tế, gợi cảm của người Việt Nam

Câu đầu đoạn 3: Throughout history, the design of the yêm stayed almost the same

-> thiết kế của yếm hầy như không đổi, không có tính linh hoạt, không thể hiện sự

―flexibility‖

11 áp án: D

Trong khi đoạn 1 nói về nông nghiệp như một phần chính của nền kinh tế Hoa Kỳ đầu những năm 1800; thì từ đoạn 2 sự phát triển của công nghiệp đã dược đề cập, đem lại những thay đổi lớn lao cho nền kinh tế -> nhấn mạnh vào sự chuyển đổi

12 áp án: D

Dòng đầu tiên: In the early 1800‘s, over 80 percent of the United States labor force was engaged in agriculture -> đầu những năm 1800, hơn 80 % lao động Hoa Kì tham gia vào nông nghiệp

13 áp án: D

Từ cuối dòng 5: Blacksmiths, silversmiths, candle makers, and other artisans

worked in their homes or barns, relying on help of family

14 áp án: D

Từ dòng 8: Industrial growth hinged on several economic factors First, industry requires an abundance of natural resources Second, factories demand a large labor supply -> sự phát triển công nghiệp dựa trên vài yếu tố kinh tế: đầu tiên là nguồn tài nguyên dồi dào, thứ hai là nguồn lao động lớn -> Lực lương lao động lớn là thế mạnh để phát triển công nghiệp, không phải là lượng lao động thấp (low supply of lobor)

> Những đối tượng khác chỉ là những người lớn, người nghèo…

17 áp án: D

oạn 3 nói về thực trạng những người làm việc ở nông trại đổ xô đến nhà máy làm

-> thực tế này đã được lí giải trong đoạn 3

20 áp án: D

Từ dòng 7: Perhaps no single phenomenon brought more widespread and lasting change to the United States society than the rise of industrialization -> không có một hiện tượng đơn lẻ nào tạo ra sự thay đổi mở rộng và kéo dài đối với Hoa Kì hơn

là sự phát triển công nghiệp ≈ sự thay đổi mạnh mẽ ở xã hội Hoa Kì là do sự phát triển công nghiệp

21 áp án: D

Câu trước (1): vai trò của việc chơi game phụ thuộc vào loại game được xem xét (nhắc tới các loại trò chơi khác nhau và ảnh hưởng của chúng)  Trong khi một vài game có hại , những trò khác có thể có hại cho người chơi

22 áp án: D

Xét từ câu trước (2): Các trò chơi mà yêu cầu tư duy sẽ phát triển logic, sự tập trung

và phương pháp mới -> D: Trong số các loại trò chơi này là ô chữ, đố mẹo và các trò chơi chiến lược

23 áp án: D

Therefore = vì thế Last but not least = cuối cùng nhưng cũng không kém quan trọng

là … Second = thứ hai là Moreover = hơn nữa

24 áp án: D

oạn trước đó đang nói về các loại game gây hại >D : Cũng có những loại game vừa có lợi vừa có hại ó là những game chơi vì tiền

EXERCISE 2 ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT ĐOÀN THƢỢNG 2- 2016

[146710 ] Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the answer to each of the questions

Since water is the basis of life, composing the greater part of the tissues of all living

things, the crucial problem of desert animals is to survive in a world where sources of flowing water are rare And since man's inexorable necessity is to absorb large quantities of water at frequent intervals, he can scarcely comprehend that many creatures of the desert pass their entire lives without a single drop

Uncompromising as it is, the desert has not eliminated life but only those forms unable

to withstand its desiccating effects No moist-skinned, water-loving animals can exist there Few large animals are found The giants of the North American desert are the deer, the coyote, and the bobcat Since desert country is open, it holds more swift-footed running and leaping creatures than the tangled forest Its population is largely nocturnal, silent,

filled with reticence, and ruled by stealth Yet they are not emaciated

Having adapted to their austere environment, they are as healthy as animals anywhere else in the world The secret of their adjustment lies in the combination of behavior and physiology Non could survive if, like mad dogs and Englishmen, they went out in the midday sun; many would die in a matter of minutes So most of them pass the burning

hours asleep in cool, humid burrows underneath the ground, emerging to hunt only by

night The surface of the sun-baked desert averages around150 degrees, but 18 inches down the temperature is only 60 degrees

1) The title for this passage could be _

C Animal Life in a Desert Environment D Man's life in a Desert Environment

2) The word "tissues" in the passage mostly means _

A the smallest units of living matter that can exist on their own

B collections of cells that form the different parts of human, animals and plants

C very small living things that cause infectious disease in people, animals and plants

D the simplest forms of life that exist in air, water, living and dead creatures and plants 3) Man can hardly understand why animals live their whole life in the desert, as _

A sources of flowing water are rare in a desert

B water is an essential part of his existence

C water composes the greater part of the tissues of living things

D very few large animals are found in the desert

4) The phrase "those forms" in the passage refers to all of the following except _

5) According to the passage, creatures in the desert _

A run and leap faster than those in the tangle forest

B run and leap more slowly than those in tangled forest

C are more active during the day than those in the tangled forest

D are not as healthy as those anywhere else in the world

6) The author mentions all the following as examples of the behavior of desert animals except _

underground

quiet

7) The word "emaciated" in the passage mostly means _

A living or growing in natural conditions, not kept in a house or on a farm

B able to get what one wants in a clever way, especially by tricking or cheating

C large and strong, difficult to control or deal with

D thin and weak because of lack of food and water

8) According to the passage, one characteristic of animals living in the desert is that

_

A they are smaller and fleeter than forest animals

B they are less healthy than animals living in other places

C they can hunt in temperature of 150 degrees

D they live in an accommodating environment

9) The word"burrows" in the passage mostly means _

A places where insects or other small creatures live and produce their young

B holes or tunnels in the ground made by animals for them to live in

C structures made of metal bars in which animals or birds are kept

D places where a particular type of animal or plant is normally found

10) We can infer from the passage that _

A living things adjust to their environment B water is the basis of desert life

C desert life is colorful and various D healthy animals live longer lives

14 B

those forms là những loài vật không thể chịu được khô hạn (moist-skinned, water-loving

animals, many large animals) -> chọn B (những con coyote and the bobcat sống được ở hoang mạc Bắc Mỹ)

15 A

2: it holds more swift-footed running and leaping creatures than the tangled forest -> những đất nước hoang mạc có nhiều động vật chạy nhanh và động vật di chuyển bằng hình thức nhảy hơn ở rừng rậm

16 C

2: nocturnal, silent, filled with reticence, and ruled by stealth: sống về đêm, yên lặng, và thường do thám -> A, D

3: So most of them pass the burning hours asleep in cool, humid burrows underneath the

ground, emerging to hunt only by night -> chúng ngủ ngày trong những cái hang ẩm ướt dưới đất -> B

17 D

Emaciated : tiều tụy

18 A

2: Few large animals are found The giants of the North American desert are the deer, the coyote, and the bobcat; it holds more swift-footed running and leaping creatures than the tangled forest -> những loài vật ở hoang mạc nhỏ (do rất ít con lớn, con, chó sói và linh miêu là những loài vật được cho là to lớn ở hoang mạc) và nhanh hơn so với những loài vật

[146746 ] Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the answer to each of the questions

Continents and ocean basins represent the largest identifiable bodies on Earth On the solid portions of the planet, the second most prominent features are flat plains, elevated plateaus, and large mountain ranges In geography, the term ―continent‖ refers to the surface of continuous landmasses that together comprise about 29.2% of the planet‘s surface On the other hand, another definition is prevalent in the general use of the term that deals with extensive mainlands, such as Europe or Asia, that actually represent one

very large landmass Although all continents are bounded by water bodies or high

mountain ranges, isolated mainlands, such as Greenland and India-Pakistan areas are called subcontinents In some circles, the distinction between continents and large islands lies almost exclusively in the size of particular landmass

The analysis of compression and tension in the earth‘s crust has determined that continental structures are composed of layers that underlie continental shelves A great deal

of disagreement among geologists surrounds the issue of exactly how many layers underlie each landmass because of their distinctive mineral and chemical composition It is also quite possible that the ocean floor rests on the top of unknown continents that have not yet been explored The continental crust is believed to have been formed by means of a chemical reaction when lighter materials separated from heavier ones, thus settling at

various levels within the crust Assisted by the measurements of the specifics within crust

formations by means of monitoring earthquakes, geologists can speculate that a chemical

split occurred to form the atmosphere, sea water, and the crust before it solidified many

centuries ago

Although each continent has its special features, all consist of various combinations of components that include shields, mountain belts, intracratonic basins, margins, volcanic plateaus, and blockvaulted belts The basic differences among continents lie in the proportion and the composition of these features relative to the continent size Climatic zones have a crucial effect on the weathering and formation of the surface features, soil erosion, soil deposition, land formation, vegetation, and human activities

Mountain belts are elongated narrow zones that have a characteristic folded sedimentary organization of layers They are typically produced during substantial crustal movements, which generate faulting and mountain building When continental margins collide, the rise of a marginal edge leads to the formation of large mountain ranges, as

explained by the plate tectonic theory This process also accounts for the occurrence of mountain belts in ocean basins and produces evidence for the ongoing continental plate

evolution

11) What does this passage mainly discuss?

A Continental drift and division B Various definitions of the term ―continent‖

C Continental structure and crust D Scientific analyses of continental crusts

12) According to the passage, how do scientists define continents?

A As masses of land without divisions B As extensive bodies of land

C As the largest identifiable features D As surgical compositions and ranges

13) In line 6, the word “bounded” is closest in meaning to _

14) The word “specifics” in line 16 is closest in meaning to

D precise movements

15) The word “it” in line 18 refers to

A a chemical split B the crust C the atmosphere D sea water

16) The author of the passage implies that _

A it is not known exactly how the continental crust was formed

B geologists have neglected the exploration of the ocean floor

C scientists have concentrated on monitoring earthquakes

D the earth‘s atmosphere split into water and solids

17) According to the passage, what are the differences in the structure of continents?

A The proportional size of continents to one another

B Ratios of major components and their comparative size

C The distinctive features of their elements

D Climatic zones and their effect on the surface features

18) In line 28, the phrase “This process” refers to _

A continental collision B mountain ranges C the rise of margins D plate tectonic theory

19) The author of the passage implies that _

A the process of mountain formation has not been accounted for

B mountain ranges on the ocean floor lead to surface mountain building

C faulting and continental margins are parts of plate edges

D the process of continent formation has not been completed

20) The word “evidence” in the last line is closest in meaning to _

A eventually B confirmation C exemplification D challenge

HƯỚNG DẪN GIẢI

the crust Assisted by the measurements of the specifics within crust formations by means

of monitoring earthquakes, geologists can speculate that a chemical split occurred to form

the atmosphere, sea water, and the crust before it solidified many centuries ago -> vỏ lục

địa thành lập từ 1 phản ứng hóa học khi chất nhẹ hơn tách ra khỏi chất nặng hơn, do đó sẽ dừng lại ở những độ cao khác nhau trong vỏ lục địa ược hỗ trợ bởi cách đo đạc những chi tiết cụ thể trong khi thành lập vỏ lục địa bằng cách kiểm soát những cơn động đất, các nhà địa chất có thể tiên đoán rằng 1 sự phân tách hóa học xảy ra để thành lập nên không khí, nước biển, và vỏ lục địa trước khi nó (vỏ lục địa) đông đặc lại

18 A

4 : When continental margins collide, the rise of a marginal edge leads to the formation

of large mountain ranges, as explained by the plate tectonic theory This process also

accounts for -> Khi các lục địa va vào nhau, rìa lục địa nhô lên dẫn đến sự hình thành những rặng núi lớn, như đã được giải thích trong thuyết kiến tạo địa tầng quá trình này (qt các lục địa va chạm vào nhau) cũng giải thích cho

Evidence = exemplification: sự minh họa, bằng chứng cho

EXERCISE 3 ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT SỞ GD&DDT VĨNH PHÚC LẦN 1- 2016

(ID: 114980) Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your

answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

A survey is a study, generally in the form of an interview or a questionnaire, which provides information concerning how people think and act In the United States, the best-known surveys are the Gallup poll and the Harris poll As anyone who watches the news during presidential campaigns knows, these polls have become an important part of political life in the United States

North Americans are familiar with the many "person on the street" interviews on local television news shows While such interviews can be highly entertaining, they are not

necessarily an accurate indication of public opinion First, they reflect the opinions of only

those people who appear at a certain location Thus, such samples can be biased in favor of commuters, middle-class shoppers, or factory workers, depending on which area the new people select Second, television interviews tend to attract outgoing people who are willing

to appear on the air, while they frighten away others who may feel intimidated by a

camera A survey must be based on a precise, representative sampling if it is to genuinely

reflect a broad range of the population

In preparing to conduct a survey, sociologists must exercise great care in the wording of questions An effective survey question must be simple and clear enough for people to understand it It must also be specific enough so that there are no problems in interpreting the results Even questions that are less structured must be carefully phrased in

order to elicit the type of information desired Surveys can be indispensable sources of

information, but only if the sampling is done properly and the questions are worded accurately

There are two main forms of surveys: the interview and the questionnaire Each of these forms of survey research has its advantages An interviewer can obtain a high response rate because people find it more difficult to turn down a personal request for an interview than to throw away a written questionnaire In addition, an interviewer can go beyond written questions and probe for a subject's underlying feelings and reasons However, questionnaires have the advantage of being cheaper and more consistent

Question 1 According to the passage, the main disadvantage of person-on-the-street

interviews is that they

A are not based on a representative sampling B reflect political opinions

C are not carefully worded D are used only on television

Question 2 According to the passage, one advantage of live interviews over

questionnaires is that live interviews _

A minimize the influence of the researcher B are easier to interpret

Question 3 The word "precise" is closest in meaning to

Question 4 According to the reading passage, there are main categories of surveys

Question 5 Which word is given definition in the text?

Question 6 The word "they" refers to

A interviews B opinions C news shows D North

Americans

Question 7 What does the passage mainly discuss?

A The principles of conducting surveys

B The importance of polls in American political life

C Problems associated with interpreting surveys

D The history of surveys in North America

Question 8 According to paragraph 3, which of the following is most important for an

effective survey?

A A sociologist who is able to interpret the results

B Carefully worded questions

C An interviewer's ability to measure respondents' feelings

D A high number of respondents

Question 9 The word "indispensable" is closest in meaning to

A necessary B complicated C expensive D simple

Question 10 It can be inferred from the passage that one reason that sociologists may

become frustrated with questionnaires is that

A respondents often do not complete and return questionnaires

B questionnaires are expensive and difficult to distribute

C respondents are too eager to supplement questions with their own opinions

D questionnaires are often difficult to read

HƯỚNG DẪN GIẢI

1 áp án A

Dòng 2 đoạn 2; While such interviews can be highly entertaining, they are not necessarily an accurate indication of public opinion ~ Các phỏng vấn này không thể hiện chính xác quan điểm của cả cộng đồng ( vì chỉ thu hút được những người sẵn sàng đứng trước ống kính, và những người chỉ xuất hiện ở một vài địa điểm nhất định)

2 áp án D

Từ dòng 4 đoạn cuối; In addition, an interviewer can go beyond written questions and probe for a subject's underlying feelings and reasons ~ Cuộc phỏng vấn có thể vượt qua khỏi giới hạn của các câu hỏi định sẵn, khám phá thêm những cảm xúc, nguyên do sâu xa từ đối tượng phỏng vấn ~ nhiều thông tin hơn

Survey được định nghĩa trong dòng đầu tiên: A survey is a study, generally in the

form of an interview or a questionnaire, which provides information concerning how people think and act

6 áp án A

Từ they để thay thế cho danh từ số nhiều đứng trong vế câu trước đó; ở đây danh từ

số nhiều trong câu trước là interviews

7 áp án A

oạn văn nói về 2 hình thức tiến hành điều tra với các thuận lợi và khó khăn trong cách thực hiện, nhưng quy tắc để hạn chế những khó khăn đó

8 áp án B

Từ dòng 1 đoạn 3: sociologists must exercise great care in the wording of questions

An effective survey question must be simple and clear enough for people to

understand it ~ phải rất cẩn thận trong cách dùng từ khi đặt câu hỏi để tạo ra bảng câu hỏi hiệu quả

9 áp án A

Indispensable = không thể bỏ qua được ~ rất quan trọng, thiết yếu

10 áp án A

Từ dòng 2 đoạn cuối : An interviewer can obtain a high response rate because

people find it more difficult to turn down a personal request for an interview than to throw away a written questionnaire ~ phỏng vấn sẽ được nhiều người trả lời hơn, đồng nghĩa với việc người ta dễ dàng ném bảng câu hỏi giấy đi hơn và thường

không trả lời đầy đủ hơn

(ID: 115072) Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your

answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

You can usually tell when your friends are happy or angry by the looks on their faces or

by their actions This is useful because reading their emotional expressions helps you to

know how to respond to them Emotions have evolved to help us respond to important

situations and to convey our intentions to others But does raising the eyebrows and rounding the mouth say the same thing in Minneapolis as it does in Madagascar? Much research on emotional expressions has centered on such questions

According to Paul Ekman, the leading researcher in this area, people speak and understand substantially the same "facial language" Studies by Ekman's group have demonstrated that humans share a set of universal emotional expressions that testify to the common biological heritage of the human species Smiles, for example, signal happiness and frowns indicate sadness on the faces of people in such far- flung places as Argentina, Japan, Spain, Hungary, Poland , Sumatra ,the United States, Vietnam, the jungles of New Guinea , and the Eskimo villages north of Artic Circle Ekman and his colleagues claim that people everywhere can recognize at least seven basic emotions: sadness, fear, anger, disgust, contempt, happiness, and surprise There are, however, huge differences across cultures in both the context and intensity of emotional displays - the so called display rules

In many Asian cultures, for example, children are taught to control emotional responses - especially negative ones- while many American children are encouraged to express their

feelings more openly Regardless of culture, however, emotions usually show themselves,

to some degree , in people's behavior From their first days of life, babies produce facial expressions that communicate their feelings

The ability to read facial expressions develops early, too Very young children pay close attention to facial expressions, and by age five, they nearly equal adults in their skill at

reading emotions on people's faces This evidence all points to a biological underpinning

for our abilities to express and interpret a basic set of human emotions Moreover, as Charles Darwin pointed out over a century ago, some emotional expressions seem to appear across species boundaries Cross - cultural psychologists tell us that certain emotional responses carry different meanings in different cultures For example, what emotion do you suppose might be conveyed by sticking out your tongue? For Americans, this might indicate disgust, while in China it can signify surprise Likewise, a grin on an American face may indicate joy, while on a Japanese face it may just as easily mean embarrassment Clearly, culture influences emotional expressions

Question 55 Unlike American children, Asian children are encouraged to _

A display their emotions openly B conceal their positive emotions

behaviour

Question 56 The word " evolved" is closest in meaning to _

A increased B reduced C developed D simplified Question 57 The phrase " this evidence" refers to

A human facial expressions

B the fact that children can control their feelings

C a biological underpinning for humans to express emotions

D the fact that children are good at recognizing others' emotions

Question 58 Young children _

A make amazing progress in controlling their emotions

B take time to control their facial expressions

C are sensitive towards others' emotions

D spend a long time learning to read others' emotions

Question 59 According to the passage, we respond to others by _

their looks

C observing their emotional expressions D looking at their faces

Question 60 The biggest difference lies in

A how often positive emotions are shown B how emotional responses are

controlled

C how intensive emotions are expressed D how long negative emotions are

displayed

Question 61 Smiles and frowns

A are universal expressions across cultures

B are not popular everywhere

C do not convey the same emotions in various cultures

D have different meanings in different cultures

Question 62 Paul Ekman is mentioned in the passage as an example of

A investigators on universal emotional expressions

B researchers on universal language

C researchers who can speak and understand many languages

D lacked many main ingredients

Question 63 The best title for the passage is

A ways to control emotional expressions B cultural universals in emotional

expressions

C Human habit of displaying emotions D review of research on emotional

expressions

Question 64 Many studies on emotional expressions try to answer whether

A eyebrow raising means the same in Minneapolis and Madagascar

B different cultures have similar emotional expressions

C rounding the mouth has the same meaning in Minneapolis and Madagascar

D raising the eyebrows has similar meaning to rounding the mouth

HƯỚNG DẪN GIẢI

55 áp án C

Từ dòng 9 đoạn 2: In many Asian cultures, for example, children are taught to

control emotional responses - especially negative ones

56 áp án C

Evolve = phát triển; tiến hóa

57 áp án D

This evidence = bằng chứng này; chỉ thực tế được đề cập trong câu phía trước: they

nearly equal adults in their skill at reading emotions on people's faces

60 áp án C

Dòng 8 đoạn 2: There are, however, huge differences across cultures in both the context and intensity of emotional displays - the so called display rules

61 áp án A

Từ cuối dòng 2 đoạn 2: humans share a set of universal emotional expressions that

testify to the common biological heritage of the human species Smiles, for example, signal happiness and frowns indicate sadness on the faces of people

62 áp án A

Dòng đầu đoạn 2: According to Paul Ekman, the leading researcher in this area

63 áp án B

Bài văn nói về việc nhận thức các biểu cảm trên thế giới, cả trong và ngoài các khu vực khác nhau về văn hóa

64 áp án B

Dòng 5 đoạn cuối: Cross - cultural psychologists tell us that certain emotional

responses carry different meanings in different cultures ~ có nhiều nhà tâm lý học đã nghiên cứu vấn đề này, cũng có nghĩa là nhiêu cuộc nghiên cứu đã diễn ra

EXERCISE 4 ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT CHUYÊN KHTN 2016

(ID: 121169) Read the following passage and mark the letter A,B,C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following question

In addition to providing energy, fats have other functions in the body The fat-soluble vitamins, A, D, E, and K, are dissolved in fats, as their name implies Goof source of these

vitamins have high oil or fat content, and the vitamins are stored in the body‘s fatty tissues

In the diet, fats cause food to remain longer in the stomach, thus increasing the feeling of fullness for some time after a meal is eaten

Fats add variety, taste and texture to foods, which accounts for the popularity of fried foods Fatty deposits in body have an insulating and protective value The curves of the human female body are due mostly to strategically located fat deposits Whether a certain amount of fat in the diet is essential to human health is not definitely known When rats are fed a fat-free diet, their growth eventually ceases, their skin becomes inflamed and scaly and their reproductive systems are damaged Two fatty acids, linoleic and arachidonic

acids, prevent these abnormalities and hence are called essential fatty acids They are also

required by a number of other animals, but their roles in human beings are debatable Most nutritionists consider linoleic fatty acid an essential nutrient for humans

Question 6: The passage probably appears in which of the following?

Question 7: The word ―functions‖ is closest in meaning to ………

Question 8: All of the following vitamins are stored in the bodies fatty issues except

…………

A vitamin B B vitamin A C vitamin D D vitamin E

Question 9: The phrase ―stored in‖ is the closest meaning to ………

A manufactured in B attached to C accumulated in D measured by

Question 10: The author states that fats serve all of the following body functions except to

………

C provide energy D promote the feeling of fullness

Question 11: The word ―essential‖ is closest in meaning to ………

A required for B desired for C similar to D beneficial to

Question 12: Which of the following is true for rats when they are fed a fat-free diet?

A They have more babies B They stop growing

C They lose body hair D They require less care

Question 13: Linoleic fatty acid is mention as …………

A more useful than arachidonic acid B a nutrient found in most foods

C an essential nutrient for humans D prevent weight gain in rats

Question 14: The phrases ―abnormalities‖ refers to …………

A a condition caused by fried foods

B end of growth, bad skin, and damaged reproductive systems

C strategically located fat deposits

D curves of the human female body

Question 15: That humans should all have some fat in our diets is ………

A a commonly held view B not yet a proven fact

C only true for women C proven to be true by experiments on rats

HƯỚNG DẪN GIẢI

6 áp án: B

Bài văn này nói về các chất béo (fats) -> bài văn này có thể xuất hiện trong sách nói

về chất dinh dưỡng thiết yếu

Chất béo gây tăng cân, không phải là giúp kiểm soát giảm cân Các đáp án còn lại

được nhắc tới từ dòng đầu: in addition to providing energy (C); trong dòng 4 đoạn 1: fats cause food… increasing the feeling of fullness (D);dòng 2 đoạn 2: fatty deposits

in body have an insulating and protective value (B)

13 áp án: C

Trong dòng 6 đoạn 2: two fatty acids, linoleic and arachidonic acids,… are called

essential fatty acids ->linoleic được coi là axit béo thiết yếu

14 áp án: B

Abnormalities = những điều bất thường này ặt trong ngữ cảnh xuất hiện từ dòng 5: their growth eventually ceases, … prevent these abnormalities = sự phát triển của chúng cuối cùng sẽ ngừng lại, da chúng trở nên sung đỏ và nổi đốm, và hệ thống sinh sản của chúng bị hủy hoại 2 chất béo ngăn những điều bất thường này lại -> những điều bất thường này = sự phát triển của chúng cuối cùng sẽ ngừng lại, da chúng trở nên sung đỏ và nổi đốm, và hệ thống sinh sản của chúng bị hủy hoại

15 áp án: B

Từ dòng 8: but their roles in human being are debatable = nhưng vai trò của chúng – những chất béo - ở loài người vẫn đang gây tranh cãi -> việc con người nên ăn chất béo là một thực tế chưa được chứng minh

(ID: 121191) Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your

answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following question

The ocean bottom – a region nearly 2.5 times greater than the total land area of the Earth –

is a vast frontier that even today is largely unexplored and uncharted, until about century ago, the deep-ocean floor was completely inaccessible, hidden beneath waters averaging

over 3,600 meters deep Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds

of times greater than at the Earth‘s surface, the deep-ocean bottom is a hostile environment

to humans, in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space

Although researchers have taken samples of deep-ocean rocks and sediments for over a century, the first detailed global investigation of the ocean bottom did not actually start until 1968, with the beginning of the National Science Foundation‘s Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) Using techniques first developed for the offshore oil and gas industry, the DSDP‘s drill ship, the Glomar Challenger, was able to maintain a steady position on the

Ocean‘s surface and frill in very deep waters, extracting samples of sediments and rock

from the ocean floor

The Glomar challenger completed 96 voyages in a 15-year research program that ended in November in 1983 During this time, the vessel logged 600,000 kilometers and took almost 20,000 core samples of seabed sediments and rocks at 624 drilling sites around the word The Glomar Challenger‘s core sample have allowed geologists to reconstruct what the planet looked like hundreds of millions of years ago and to calculate what it will probably

look like millions of years in the future Today, largely on the strength of evidence

gathered during the Glomar Challenger‘s voyages, nearly all earth scientists agree on the theories of plate tectonics and continental drift that explain many of the geological processes that shape the Earth

The cores of sediment drilled by the Glomar Challenger have also yielded information critical to understanding the world‘s past climates Deep-ocean sediment provide a climatic

record stretching back hundreds of millions of years, because they are largely isolated from

the mechanical erosion and the intense chemical and biological activity that rapidly destroy much land-based evidence of past climates This record had already provided insights into patterns and causes of past climatic change information that may be used to predict future climates

Question 26: The author refers to the ocean bottom as a ―frontier‖ in line 2 because it

A is not a popular area for scientific research

B contains a wide variety of life forms

C is an unknown territory

D attracts courageous explorers

Question 27: The word ―inaccessible‖ in line 3 is closest meaning to

Question 28: The author mentions outer space in line 7 because

A the Earth‘s climate millions of years ago was similar to conditions in outer space

B rock formations in outer space are similar to those found on the ocean floor

C it is similar to the ocean floor in being alien to the human environment

D techniques used by scientists to explore outer space were similar to those used in ocean exploration

Question 29: Which of the following is true of the Glomar Challenger?

A It is a type of submarine

B It made its first DSDP voyage in 1968

C It is an ongoing project

D It has gone on over 100 voyages

Question 30: The word ―extracting‖ in line 13 is closest in meaning to

Question 31: The Deep Sea Drilling Project was significant because it was _

A attempt to find new sources of oil and gas

B composed of geologists from all over the world

C funded entirely by gas and oil industry

D the first extensive exploration of the ocean bottom

Question 32: The word ―strength‖ in line 21 is closest in meaning to

Question 34: Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as being a result of

the Deep Sea Drilling Project?

A Geologists observed forms of marine life never before seen

B Geologists were able to determine the Earth‘s appearance hundreds of millions of years ago

C Two geological theories became more widely accepted by scientists

D Information was revealed about the Earth‘s past climatic changes

HƯỚNG DẪN GIẢI

26 áp án: C

Câu đầu của bài văn nói: đáy đại dương… là một vùng biên giới rộng lớn mà ngày nay ta cũng chưa khám phá hết -> đáy đại dương chính là biên giới cho khu vực đại dương rộng lớn chưa được khai phá

27 áp án: B

Inaccessible = không thể tiếp cận được unreachable = không động vào được

unrecognizable = không thể nhận ra được unusable = không dùng được unsafe = không an toàn

28 áp án: C

Dịch vế câu từ dòng 5: the deep –ocean bottom is… outer space = đáy đại dương sâu thẳm là một môi trường bất lợi cho loài người; ở một vài khía cạnh nó mang tính nguy hiểm, cấm vào và xa xôi như khoảng không ngoài vũ trụ -> đáy đại dương cũng giống như vũ trụ, lạ lẫm với môi trường con người

34 áp án: A

áp án A không xuất hiện trong bài; các đáp án còn lại đều được nhắc tới qua: dòng

4 đoạn 3: Glomar Challenger‘s core sample… years ago (mẫu vật của tàu Glomar Challenger đã cho phép các nhà địa chất tái dựng lại địa cầu trông thế nào cách đây hàng trăm triệu năm (B) Dòng 7 đoạn 3: nearly all earth … drift (hầu như tất cả các

nhà khoa học đồng ý về các thuyết kiến tạo địa tầng học và trôi dạt lục địa) (C)

dòng 5 đoạn cuối: this record had…information ( dữ lệu đã cung cấp cái nhìn sâu

hơn về những xu hướng và nguyên nhân thay đổi khí hậu trong quá khứ) (D)

EXERCISE 5 ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT ĐA PHÚC LẦN 1- 2016

(124281) I Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate

the correct answer to each of the questions

Before photography was invented in 1839, painted portraits, and engravings based on

them, were one of the few ways to record likenesses From the Colonial era through the

1820s, portraiture was the most widely practiced genre of American art, and it continued to

be a significant form through the 19th century The demand for likenesses was incessant,

and portraiture was often the primary source of income for artists Artists frequently made

portraits of famous people to attract interest and potential patrons For example, in 1834

Chester Harding painted frontiersman Davy Crockett, then a member of the U.S House of

Representatives, for display in his Boston gallery

A consistent belief through most of the 18th and 19th centuries was that character

could be read from a person's face, or the bumps on his or her head, or from facial

expressions, and that portraits should convey these indicators of character These theories

of physiognomy and phrenology have since been debunked, but they were important

considerations in depicting the nation's leaders, since such portraits were often made for

posterity Most people had only one portrait painted in their lifetime, if at all, so artists

were selected with great care, and expectations were high

Before the 1840s, American portraiture was influenced primarily by English

techniques, poses, compositions and gestures, and many artists received at least part of

their training in England Even canvas sizes followed the British example Portraits made

on commission were priced according to canvas size and the materials and labor involved

In the late 19th century as European portraitists began traveling to the United States to

acquire commissions from the growing upper class, American artists increasingly felt they

needed to train abroad in order to succeed at home Paris continued to be the main lure as

painters such as Eakins, Whistler, Beaux and Sargent went to study there Some of

America's best-known portraitists, in fact, became expatriates

1. Where in the passage does the author draw a comparison of American and English

practices in producing commission portraits?

A. the first paragraph B. the fourth paragraph

C the third paragraph D. the second paragraph

2. In what ways did American artists try to gain greater success?

A. by inviting European artists to America B by traveling abroad for training

C. by not only painting portraits D. by becoming expatriates

3. The final paragraph of the passage will probably continue with a discussion of

…………

A. other ways artists tried to gain local publicity.B. other lesser known artists

C American artists in Paris D. artists moving between countries

4. Why does the author mention Davy Crocket in paragraph 1?

A as an example of an artist using a famous person to gain attention to his work

B. as an example of the types of people who could afford to pay for their portrait to be painted

C. because Crocket was also a famous artist

D. because gallery owners often had famous people as patrons

5. In paragraph 2, what did people look for in a good portrait?

A. every detail, including bumps on the head B. an accurate likeness

C indicators of character D. clear facial expressions

6. Physiognomy and phrenology are theories ………

A that are no longer as popular

B. that were used to enable people to select artists with the best characteristics in their appearance

C. that were used to try to get the closet likeness possible

D. that meant people usually only needed one portrait

7. Which of the following statements best represents the meaning of the first sentence

(lines1 and 2) before photography was invented in 1839?

A. painted portraits and engravings were very lifelike

B. engravings were based on portraits and not as lifelike

C there were not many ways other than painted portraits and engravings if you wanted

to record what somebody looked like

D. there was no accurate way to record a likeness before photography was invented

8 The word acquire (in Line 1- paragraph 4) is closest in meaning to …………

A. steal B. ask C. borrow D get

9 The word poses (in Line 1- paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to ……

A stance B. manner C. weight D. height

10. What does the passage mainly discussed?

A. art in 19th century America B portraiture in 19th century America

C. the influence of other countries on American artD. the early years of photography

HƯỚNG DẪN GIẢI

1 áp án C

Thông tin ở 2 câu cuối của đoạn 3: ―Even canvas sizes followed the British example Portraits made on commission were priced according to canvas size and the materials and labor involved.‖

2 áp án B

Thông tin ở câu đầu tiên của đoạn 4: ―In the late 19th century as European portraitists

began traveling to the United States to acquire commissions from the growing upper

class, American artists increasingly felt they needed to train abroad in order to succeed

at home.‖

3 áp án C

Ở cuối đoạn 4, trong bài đề cập đến ―Paris continued to be the main lure as painters

such as Eakins, Whistler, Beaux and Sargent went to study there Some of America's

best-known portraitists, in fact, became expatriates.‖ Vì thế đoạn văn tiếp theo sẽ nói về American artists in Paris‖

indicators of character.‖

6 áp án A

Thông tin ở câu thứ 2 của đoạn 2: ―These theories of physiognomy and phrenology have since been debunked…‖ Debunk: to show that something is not true Kể từ đó 2 giả thuyết này không còn đúng nữa, do đó cũng ít người sử dụng, vì vậy chính là ―no

longer popular‖

7 áp án C

―Before photography was invented in 1839, painted portraits, and engravings based on

them, were one of the few ways to record likenesses.‖, tức là ngoài ―portraits and

engravings‖ không có nhiều cách để ―record likenesses‖ : ―there were not many ways other than painted portraits and engravings if you wanted to record what somebody looked like.‖

Who talk more - men or women? Most people believe that women talk more However,

linguist Deborah Tannen, who has studied the communication style of men and women , says that this is a stereotype According to Tannen, women are more verbal - talk more - in

private situations , where they use conversation as the "glue" to hold relationships together

But, she says, men talk more in public situations, where they use conversation to exchange information and gain status Tannen points out that we can see these differences even in children Little girls often play with one "best friend", their play includes a lot of conversation Little boys often play games in groups; their play usually involves more doing than talking In school, girls are often better at verbal skills, boys are often better at mathematics

A recent study at Emory University helps to shed light on the roots of this difference Researchers studied conversation between children age 3-6 and their parents They found

evidence that parents talk very differently to their son than they do to their daughters The

startling conclusion was that parents use more language with their girls Specifically,

when parents talk with their daughters , they use more descriptive language and more details There is also far more talk about emotions, especially sadness, with daughters than with sons

47. Which sentence best expresses the main idea of the first paragraph?

A. It's stereotype that women talk more than men

B. Little girls and little boys have different ways of playing

C. Women talk more than men

D Women talk more in private situations , and men talk more in public ones

48. Which word could best replace "startling" in line 10?

A. interesting B. beginning C surprising D. annoying

49. Which word in the reading passage can be used as a synonym of the word "feelings" ?

50. Which of the following phrases best explains the meaning of the word "verbal" in the reading passage?

A connected with the use of spoken language B. using very loud noise

C. deriving from verbs D. being very talkative

51. Which word is similar in meaning to "glue" in line 3 ?

A means B. sticky substance C. rope D. game

52. Which of the following statements can be inferred from the first paragraph ?

A Men and women have different styles of talking , which may begin in childhood

B. According to Deborah Tannen, the belief that women talk more is partly right but most wrong and oversimplified

C. Women talk more in public situations, men talk more in others

D. Men are more sociable than women

53. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the passage?

A Parents use more language to talk with their daughters

B. Boys don't like showing their emotions

C. Parents give more love to their daughters than their sons

D. Both boys and girls are talkative at school

54. Which sentence best expresses the main idea of the second paragraph?

A. Parents do not talk much about sadness with their sons

B. Researchers have studied the conversations of children and their parents

C. Study at Emory University can help to explain the differences between

communication styles of boys and girls

D Emory University found that parents talk more with their daughters than with their

sons

55. Which of the following statements can be inferred from the second paragraph?

A. Boys don't like to be with their parents as much as girls do

B. Parents don't enjoy talking with their sons as much as with their daughters

C A recent study found that parents talk differently to their sons and daughters

D. Girls have more practice discussing sadness than boys do

56. The word they in line 3 refers to

A. men B women C. situations D. men and women

HƯỚNG DẪN GIẢI

47 áp án D

Thông tin được đề cập tại đoạn thứ nhất như sau: ―women are more verbal - talk more

- in private situations , where they use conversation as the "glue" to hold relationships

together But, she says, men talk more in public situations, where they use

conversation to exchange information and gain status.‖

"verbal": relating to or consisting of words (liên quan hoặc bao gồm những từ ngữ nói),

vì thế đáp án đúng là ―connected with the use of spoken language‖

51 áp án A

Ở đây ta cần phải dịch ―they use conversation as the "glue" to hold relationships

together.‖ là họ dùng hội thoại như là cách để giữ các mối quan hệ Vì thế, từ đồng

nghĩa nên chọn là ―means‖

52 áp án A

Thông tin được đề cập đến trong đoạn thứ nhất: ―Tannen points out that we can see

these differences even in children Little girls often play with one "best friend", their

play includes a lot of conversation Little boys often play games in groups; their play usually involves more doing than talking In school, girls are often better at verbal skills, boys are often better at mathematics.‖

53 áp án A

Thông tin ở đoạn số 2: ―…conclusion was that parents use more language with their girls ‖

54 áp án D

Thông tin ở những câu cuối bài: ―…conclusion was that parents use more language

with their girls Specifically, when parents talk with their daughters , they use more

descriptive language and more details There is also far more talk about emotions,

especially sadness, with daughters than with sons.‖

55 áp án C

Thông tin ở câu 3 đoạn thứ 2: ―They found evidence that parents talk very differently

to their son than they do to their daughters.‖

56 áp án B

―they‖ thay thế cho ―women‖ vì vế trước đang đề cập đến women: ―women are more verbal - talk more - in private situations , where they use conversation…‖

EXERCISE 6 ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT SỞ GD&ĐT BẮC GIANG LẦN 1 – 2016

(ID: 126579 )Read the following passage and choose the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 11 to 20

Although speech is generally accepted as the most advanced form of communication, there are many ways of communicating without using words In every known culture, signals, signs, symbols, and gestures are commonly utilized as instruments of communication There is a great deal of agreement among communication scientists as to what each of these methods is and how each differs from the others For instance, the basic function of

any signal is to impinge upon the environment in such a way that it attracts attention, as,

for example, the dots and dashes that can be applied in a telegraph circuit Coded to refer to

speech, the potential for communication through these dots and dashes—short and long

intervals as the circuit is broken—is very great Less adaptable to the codification of words, signs also contain agreed upon meaning; that is, they convey information in and of

themselves Two examples are the hexagonal red sign that conveys the meaning of stop,

and the red and white swirled pole outside a shop that communicates the meaning of barber

Symbols are more difficult to describe than either signals or signs because of their

intricate relationship with the receiver‘s culture perceptions In some cultures, applauding

in a theater provides performers with an auditory symbol of approval In other cultures, if done in unison, applauding can be a symbol of the audience‘s discontent with the performance Gestures such as weaving and handshaking also communicate certain culture messages

Although signals, signs, symbols, and gestures are very useful, they also have a major disadvantage in communication They usually do not allow ideas to be shared without the sender being directly adjacent to the receiver Without an exchange of ideas, interaction comes to a halt As a result, means of communication intended to be used across long distances and extended periods must be based upon speech To radio, television, and the telephone, one must add fax, paging systems, electronic mail, and the internet, and no one doubts but that there are more means of communication on the horizon

Question 11: Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A Communication B Signs and Signals C Speech D Gestures Question 12: What does the author say about speech?

A It is the only true form of communication

B It is necessary for communication to occur

C It is the most advanced form of communication

D It is dependent upon the advances made by inventors

Question 13: The phrase impinge upon in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to

A prohibit B intrude C improve D vary

Question 14: The word it in paragraph 1 refers to

A signal B function C environment D way

Question 15: The word potential in paragraph 1 could best be replaced by

A organization B possibility C range D advantage

Question 16: The word themselves in paragraph 1 refers to

A information B intervals C words D signs

Question 17: Which sentence in paragraph 1 defines the function of a signal?

A Sentence 2 B Sentence 3 C Sentence1 D Sentence 4

Question 18: The word intricate in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by which of the

following?

A uncertain B complicated C historical D inefficient

Question 19: Applauding was cited as an example of

A a gesture B a signal C a symbol D a sign

Question 20: Why were the telephone, radio, and TV invented?

A People wanted new forms of entertainment

B People were unable to understand signs, symbols, and signals

C People wanted to communicate across long distance

D People believed that signs, signals, and symbols were obsolete

HƯỚNG DẪN GIẢI

11 áp án: A

Câu đầu đoạn 1: ‖ Although speech is generally accepted as the most advanced form of communication…‖, câu đầu đoạn 3:‖ Although signals, signs, symbols, and gestures are very useful, they also have a major disadvantage in communication‖-> ―signs and signals‖,

―gestures‖ và ―speech‖ đều là các dạng của ―communication‖ và trong bài xuất hiện nhiều lần từ ―communication‖

12 áp án: C

Câu đầu đoạn 1:‖ Although speech is generally accepted as the most advanced form of communication,‖ -> đáp án C đúng, ― there are many ways of communicating without using words.‖ Có nhiều cách giao tiếp không dùng từ ngữ-> loại đáp án A,B áp án D không được đề cập trong bài

―Potential‖= tiềm năng, ―organization‖= tổ chức, ―possibility‖=khả năng, ―range‖=phạm

vi, ―advantage‖= lợi thế

16 áp án: D

―signs also contain agreed upon meaning; that is, they convey information in and of

themselves‖-> ―signs‖= ―they‖-> ―themselves‖

17 áp án: D

Câu 4 đoạn 1: ‖… , the basic function of any signal is to impinge upon the environment in such a way that it attracts attention,…‖ dịch: Chức năng cơ bản của bất kỳ tín hiệu nào là ảnh hưởng đến môi trường theo cách nó thu hút sự chú ý…

18 áp án: B

―Intricate‖= ―complicated‖= phức tạp, ―uncertain‖= không chắc chắn, ―historical‖= thuộc

về lịch sử, ―inefficient‖= không hiệu quả Dịch câu 1 đoạn 2:biểu tượng khó khăn hơn để

mô tả hơn tín hiệu hoặc dấu hiệu vì của phức tạp của mối quan hệ với văn hóa của

người nhận Dựa vào từ ―difficult‖-> ―complicate‖

19 áp án: C

―applauding can be a symbol of the audience‘s discontent‖ dịch: vỗ tay có thể là biểu tượng của sự bất mãn của khán giả -> Chọn đáp án ―a symbol‖

20 áp án: B

―means of communication intended to be used across long distances and extended periods‖ dịch: các phương tiện giao tiếp được dùng để truyền tải xa hơn và rộng hơn

(ID: 126653 )Read the following passage and choose the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 55 to 64

A number of factors related to the voice reveal the personality of the speaker The first is the broad area of communication, which includes imparting information by use of language, communicating with a group or an individual and specialized communication through performance A person conveys thoughts and ideas through choice of words, by a tone of voice that is pleasant or unpleasant, gentle or harsh, by the rhythm that is inherent within the language itself, and by speech rhythms that are flowing and regular or uneven and hesitant, and finally, by the pitch and melody of the utterance When speaking before a group, a person's tone may indicate uncertainty or fright, confidence or calm At interpersonal levels, the tone may reflect ideas and feelings over and above the words

chosen, or may believe them Here the participant‘s tone can consciously or unconsciously

reflect intuitive sympathy or antipathy, lack of concern or interest, fatigue, anxiety, enthusiasm or excitement, all of which are usually discernible by the acute listener Public performance is a manner of communication that is highly specialized with its own

techniques for obtaining effects by voice and /or gesture The motivation derived from the

text, and in the case of singing, the music, in combination with the performer's skills,

personality, and ability to create empathy will determine the success of artistic, political,

or pedagogic communication

Second, the voice gives psychological clues to a person's self-image, perception of others, and emotional health Self-image can be indicated by a tone of voice that is confident, pretentious, shy, aggressive, outgoing, or exuberant, to name only a few personality traits Also the sound may give a clue to the facade or mask of that person, for example, a shy person hiding behind an overconfident front How a speaker perceives the listener's

receptiveness, interest, or sympathy in any given conversation can drastically alter the

tone of presentation, by encouraging or discouraging the speaker Emotional health is

evidenced in the voice by free and melodic sounds of the happy, by constricted and harsh

sound of the angry, and by dull and lethargic qualities of the depressed

Question 55: What does the passage mainly discuss?

A The connection between voice and personality

B Communication styles

C The function of the voice in performance

D The production of speech

Question 56: What does the author mean by saying that: "At interpersonal levels, the tone

may reflect ideas and feelings over and above the words chosen"?

A Feelings are more difficult to express than ideas

B Feelings are expressed with different words than ideas are

C A high tone of voice reflects an emotional communication

D The tone of voice can carry information beyond the meaning of words

Question 57: The word Here in line 9 refers to

A interpersonal interactions B the tone

C ideas and feelings D words chosen

Question 58: The word derived in line 13 is closest in meaning to

A obtained B prepared C registered D discussed

Question 59: Why does the author mention "artistic, political, or pedagogic

communication" in line 15?

A To contrast them to singing

B As examples of public performance

C As examples of basic styles of communication

D To introduce the idea of self-image

Question 60: According to the passage, an exuberant tone of voice may be an indication

of a person's

A personality B general physical health

C ability to communicate D vocal quality

Question 61: According to the passage, an overconfident front may hide

A shyness B hostility C friendliness D strength

Question 62: The word drastically in line 21 is closest in meaning to

A severely B exactly C frequently D easily

Question 63: The word evidenced in line 22 is closest in meaning to

A exaggerated B repeated C questioned D indicated

Question 64: According to the passage, what does a constricted and harsh voice indicate?

A anger B depression C boredom D lethargy

HƯỚNG DẪN GIẢI

55 áp án: A

Câu đầu tiên: "A number of factors related to the voice reveal the personality of the

speaker." Dịch: rất nhiều yếu tố liên quan đến giọng nói bộc lộ tính cách của người nói

ây là câu chủ đề của bài ―the first‖, ―the second‖ là để chứng minh luận điểm

56 áp án: D

Dịch: Ở mức độ cá nhân, giọng điệu có thể phản ánh ý tưởng và cảm xúc lên trên cả những

từ được sử dụng -> Chọn D : Giọng điệu của lời nói có thể mang thông tin xa hơn ý nghĩa của từ

57 áp án: A

Dựa vào câu trước câu có từ ―here‖ -> chọn từ mang tính tổng quát và hợp lý nhất:

interpersonal reaction= tương tác giữa các cá nhân

Dựa vào câu: "Self-image can be indicated by a tone of voice…‖ Dịch: Hình ảnh cá nhân

có thể biểu thị bởi giọng điệu ->‖personality‖ = tính cách

61 áp án: A

Dựa vào câu "a shy person hiding behind an overconfident front" Dịch : 1 người nhút nhát

ẩn giấu sau sự tự tin thái quá => ―shyness‖

64 áp án: A

Dựa vào câu cuối bài‖ by constricted and harsh sound of the angry‖dịch : bởi âm thanh gay gắt và khó nghe của sự giận giữ

EXERCISE 7 ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT SỞ GD&ĐT BẮC NINH 2016

(ID: 122336) Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your

answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the question

Life expectancy is the period of time that a person can expect to live Life expectancy varies greatly between genders and cultures It used to be that women had a lower life

expectancy than men (1 in every 4 women died in childbirth), but now they live an average

of four to five years longer than men Life expectancy has been increasing rapidly over the last centuries With the advent of such modern miracles as sewers, medicine and a greater understanding of how diseases are spread, our life expectancy has increased by 25 – 30 years

In developing countries like Swaziland, where there is a high HIV/AIDS rate, life expectancy is as low as 32,6 years In developed countries like Australia, life expectancy rates as high as 81 years There are an increasing number of factors which can cancel out the disadvantages you have The one that we are looking at now is how your career can affect your life expectancy Choosing the wrong career can result in a shorter life!

If you want your career to positively influence your life expectancy, you have to be made of money That‘s right Rich people in wealthy areas of England and France live 10 years longer than the people in poorer areas Having a successful career has its drawbacks, too if the result of hard work its stress

Stress can lead to a number of psychological disorders such as depression, anxiety, fatigue, tension and aggression These conditions may result in a lack of concentration and

an increase in serious injuries at work They can also lead to high blood pressure and heart attacks which seriously affect life expectancy

If you are worried that your job might decrease your life expectancy, you probably need

to avoid careers on ―dangerous jobs‖ list such as timber cutters, pilots, construction workers, roofer, truck drivers

So if you don‘t want to kick the bucket at an early age, choose a career in something

other than timber cutting, but above all, remember to relax

From Pre-Essence Reading by Rachel Lee, Longman

Question 22: According to the passage, all of the following are true EXCEPT _

A Our life expectancy has increased by 25 – 30 years because there are fewer wars today

B In the past, women‘s life expectancy was lower than that of men

C Life expectancy varies greatly depending on genders and cultures

D There has been a dramatic increase in average life expectancy over the last centuries Question 23: The average life expectancy is 32,6 years in _

Question 24: Why does an increase in stress lead to an increase in workplace accidents?

A Workers like to take sick leave and stay home

B It leads to a decrease in concentration and depression

C Workers don‘t care as much about their jobs

D Workers are too busy to observe safety regulations

Question 25: According to the passage, which of following is true if you have a successful career?

A You can buy an expensive car B Your life expectancy increases by a decade

C You can afford to exercise and eat well D You can spend most of your day in an office

Question 26: It can be inferred from the paragraph 3 that the disadvantage of a successful career is that _

A You won‘t have to take a job on the ―dangerous jobs‖ list

B You are at the greater risk of being a victim of crime

C There is a high number of work – related injuries

D You are more likely to be under stress

Question 27: Why does the author think that you should remember to relax?

A Because stress can decrease your life expectancy

B Because relaxing will make you feel better

C Because relaxing will improve your career

D Because you have completed the reading

Question 28: The phrase ―kick the bucket‖ in the passage is closest in meaning to

― _‖

A die B relax C live D succeed

Question 29: What is the main idea of the 1st paragraph?

A Stress negatively affects life expectancy

B Making a bad career choice will make your life shorter

C Life expectancy has increased greatly over the last few centuries

D Stress results in lower life expectancy

Question 30: The word ―They‖ in bold in paragraph 1 refers to _

Question 31: The passage mainly discusses _

A The definition of life expectancy

B The comparison of life expectancy between women and men

C The importance of a successful career

D The effects of a career on one‘s life expectancy

HƯỚNG DẪN GIẢI

22 áp án: A

Câu cuối đoạn 1: With the advent of such modern miracles as sewers, medicine and

a greater understanding of how diseases are spread, our life expectancy has

increased by 25 – 30 years -> với sự xuất hiện của những phép màu hiện đại như khâu, thuốc và sự hiểu biết rộng hơn về sự lan truyền bệnh tật, tuổi thọ của chúng ta

đã tăng 25 – 30 năm -> không phải do ít chiến tranh

ầu đoạn 4: Stress can lead to a number of psychological disorders such as

depression, anxiety, fatigue, tension and aggression These conditions may result in

a lack of concentration and an increase in serious injuries at work

25 áp án: B

Dòng 2 đoạn 3: Rich people in wealthy areas of England and France live 10 years longer than the people in poorer areas -> người giàu có ở Anh Quốc và Pháp sống lâu hơn 10 năm so với người ở những vùng nghèo khó ≈ nếu có sự nghiệp thành công thì tuổi thọ tăng lên một thập kỉ

26 áp án: D

Cuối đoạn 3, đầu đoạn 4: Having a successful career has its drawbacks, too if the

result of hard work its stress Stress can lead to a number of psychological disorders These conditions may result … serious injuries at work -> Sự nghiệp thành công

có thể kèm theo áp lực cao, dẫn đến rối loạn thần kinh, gây nên những chấn thương nghiêm trọng

27 áp án: A

Cả đoạn 4 nói về tác hại của stress,và cuối cùng, tác hại mạnh nhất là:They can also

lead to high blood pressure and heart attacks which seriously affect life

expectancy-> dẫn đến cao huyết áp, đau tim và ảnh hưởng nghiêm trọng tới tuổi thọ

31 áp án: D

oạn 2 đã bắt đầu đi vào phân tích các yếu tố ảnh hưởng tới tuổi thọ, mà chủ yếu là yếu tố công việc (career) Sự ảnh hưởng của công việc tới tuổi thọ được phân tích về

cả hướng tích cực và tiêu cực

(ID: 122358) Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your

answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions

New surveys suggest that the technological tools we use to make our lives easier are killing our leisure time We are working longer hours, taking fewer and shorter vacations (and when we do go away, we take our cell phones, PDAs, and laptops along) And, we are more stressed than ever as increased use of e-mail, voice mail, cell phones, and the Internet

is destroying any idea of privacy and leisure

Since the Industrial Revolution, people have assumed that new labor-saving devices would free them from the burdens of the workplace and give them more time to grow intellectually, creatively, and socially exploring the arts, keeping up with current events, spending more time with friends and family, and even just 'goofing off'

But here we are at the start of the 21st century, enjoying one of the greatest technological boom times in human history, and nothing could be further from the truth The very tools that were supposed to liberate us have bound us to our work and study in ways that

were inconceivable just a few years ago It would seem that technology almost never does

what we expect

In 'the old days', the lines between work and leisure time were markedly clearer People

left their offices at a predictable time, were often completely disconnected from and out

of touch with their jobs as they traveled to and from work, and were off-duty once they