Oxford Discover: 2: Grammar

This title presents grammar through context, guiding students as they discover meaning. It combines this guided discovery approach with extensive formbased practice, ensuring that students have all the knowledge they need to use English grammar confidently and accurately.

Student Book

O X F O R D

O X F O R D

U N IV E R S IT Y PRESS

Am azing Anim als

Inform ational T e x t (Nonfiction)

R ead in g S tra teg y

Com pare and Contrast

R eading te x t w o rd s skin, m am m als, eggs, am phibians, scales,

gills, feathers, wings, fur

Listen in g te x t w o rd s head, eye, ear, m outh, leg, body

Word Stu d y Com pound Words

S u b je ct an d O b je ct P ro no u ns

Fish have gills.

They have gills.

Gills h elp them breathe.

1

P a g e 16

Leo and Lily's Adventure

Story (Fiction)

R ead in g S tra teg y

Com pare and Contrast

R eading te x t w o rd s worm , berries, hunt, escape, creep, fight,

peck, pinecone, squaw k

Listen in g te x t w o rd s strong, gentle, patient, sm art, calm , fierce

A d verb s o f Freq u e n cy

Lily alw ays escapes.

Lily is usually very nervous.

Leo som etim es tries to catch Lily.

[►J How do th in g s ch a n g e ? Physical Science

3

P a g e 26

W hat Is Our World Made Of?

Inform ational Text (Nonfiction)

R ead in g Strateg y

Cause and Effect

R eading te x t w o rd s flow , solid, liquid, ga s, heat, steam , ice,

freeze, m elt

Listen in g te x t w o rd s ice pop, balloon, kettle, popco rn, icicle,

candle

Word Stu d y N o u n san d Verbs

Sim p le P ast o f V erb To Be

It w as a liquid N ow it's a gas

They were hard N ow they're soft.

Cause and Effect

R ead in g te x t w o rd s cream, sugar, salt, pour, plastic bags,

m ixture, open, closed, freezer

Listen in g te x t w o rd s coffee, tea, salad, fruit, vegetables, pasta

Sim p le Past o f V erb To Be

Was the freezer do or open?

Yes, it w as.

Were th e students happy?

No, they weren't.

[ ► 1 How a r e th in g s d iffe re n t now from long ag o ?

I

Page 46

Then and Now

Inform ational Text (Nonfiction)

R ead in g Strateg y

Main Idea and Details

R eading te x t w o rd s travel, com m unication, airplane, news,

letter, text m essage, e-mail, radio, Internet

Listen in g te x t w o rd s boat, bus, m otorcycle, cable car, truck,

horse

Word Stu d y Words in A lphabetical Order

Sim p le Past R eg u la r V erbs

People listen ed to the new s on the radio

They didn 't w atch the n ew s on TV.

Listen in g te x t w o rd s couch, chair, lam p, clock, bathtub, sink

Sim p le P ast R eg u la r Verbs

D id they travel b y ship?

Yes, they did.

Did they arrive in tw o days?

No, they didn't.

BIG QUESTION 4 When do we u se su b tra c tio n ? Math

Beginning, M iddle and End of a Story

R ead in g te x t w o rd s m inus sign, subtraction, take away, colum n,

row, test score, sing le-d igit num ber, double-digit num ber, left

Liste n in g te x t w o rd s clean, dirty, tired, hungry, thirsty, fu ll

Word Stu d y S y lla b le s

R ead in g te x t w o rd s let go, steal, dig up, hide, ja r, greedy, bored,

baker, cook

Liste n in g te x t w o rd s knee, nose, foot, arm, face, h and

Sim p le P a st Irre g u la r V erbs

Alm a bought five cookies She didn 't buy four Olivia gave h er sister tw en ty stickers.

She didn't give h er twenty-six.

Billy Gus La y la Dot

Liste n in g S tra teg y

Listening fo r specific inform ation

Ex p re ssin g Sym pathy

D escriptions o f anim als

Liste n in g S tra teg y

How Things Change

D escriptions o f changes in states

Liste n in g S tra teg y

Listening fo r details

Accepting a Request

Please pass the ju ice

Sure Here you go

C rea tin g M ixtu res

D escriptions o f food and d rin k m ixtures

Liste n in g S tra teg y

Listening for specific inform ation

D escrib in g Food an d In g red ie n ts

Tell m e a b ou t the party.

M y friends were there The ice cream was tasty.

I Y I I A I U I C

The ice p o p s weren't in the freezer W ater isn ’t a gas. Units 3 and 4 (W orkbook) O Task

Talk and w rite about a favorite food and drink

m ixtu re (W orkbook)

So cial Studies: History

Life Then an d Now

An in te rvie w w ith G randm a

Liste n in g S tra teg y

Listening for specific inform ation

A skin g fo r S o m eth in g to Be

R ep eated

What coun try d o you com e from ?

W ould you rep eat that, please?

D escrib in g T ravel an d T ran sp o rt

Where did you travel?

Units 5 and 6 (W orkbook) | 3 j

Su b tra ctio n Pro b lem s

Subtraction w ord problem s

Liste n in g S tra teg y

Listening fo r num ber details

N um ber Pro b lem s

Math problem poem s

Liste n in g Strateg y

Listening fo r num ber details

Would you like so m e fruit? Talk ab ou t and w rite an interesting subtraction

No, th an k you I'm full. problem (W orkbook)

H ow a b ou t som e water?

Yes, please I'm thirsty.

Twenty cow s sa t in som e trees Karen doesn't like fru it salad B andar didn 't le t go o f Five fell dow n a n d h u rt their knees the candy.

H ow m any cow s were le ft in the trees? Task

Talk and w rite about th ree things th at w e re done last nig ht (W orkbook)

Follow ing Rules

Inform ational T ext (Nonfiction)

R eading te x t w o rd s traffic light, take turns, po lite, clean up,

litter, librarian, crossing guard, prin cipal, lifeguard

Liste n in g te x t w o rd s kitchen, living room , cafeteria, classroom ,

sw im m ing pool, crosswalk

Word Stu d y Phrasal Verbs

R eading te x t w o rd s knock, thoughtful, rude, grab, pass,

p u t away, invite, wash, share

Liste n in g te x t w o rd s com puter, laptop, cam era, headphones,

tablet, cell phone

Can I play? Yes, y o u can.

M ay I com e in ? No, you m ay not.

Why should we ta k e c a re o f th e E a rth ? Earth Science

Natural Resources

Inform ational T ext (Nonfiction)

R ead in g Strateg y

Main Idea and Details

A Ju ice Carton's Diary

D iary Entries (Fiction)

R ea d in g Strateg y

Setting

CE

R ead in g te x t w o rd s resources, w ood, landfill, land, trash, sm oke,

sunlight, reduce, reuse

L isten i ng te x t w o rd s cam p, hike, ride a h orse, surf, fish, ski

Word Stu d y Verbs, Nouns, A djectives, and Pronouns

R eading te x t w o rd s carton, diary, paper, blow , shelf,

recycling plant, m achine, stationery store, rescue

Liste n in g te x t w o rd s tim e, week, nine o'clock, nine-fifteen,

nine-thirty, nine forty-five

BIG QUESTION

P rep o sitio n s of Place

There's sm oke in the a ir ab ove th e city

The landfill is across from the park

The trash can is behind th e tree.

The tree is in fro n t o f the trash can.

P rep o sitio n s o f Place

W here's th e fountain?

It's across from th e statue.

Is there a trash can beh in d the tree?

Yes, there is.

How d o e s m usic m ake u s fe e l? Music

15

P a g e 146

16

P a g e 156

How Music M akes us Feel

Inform ational T ext (Nonfiction)

Forces and Movement

Inform ational Text (Nonfiction)

R ea d in g Strateg y

Cause and Effect

R ead in g te x t w o rd s high, low , excited, sleepy, w olf, feelings,

right, w rong, trum pet

Liste n in g te x t w o rd s proud, sm ile, nervous, yaw n, unhappy, cry

Word Stu d y Synonym s

R ead in g te x t w o rd s notes, wait, worried, the flu, tears, solo,

hum m ingbird, record, m usician

Liste n in g te x t w o rd s have lunch, give a concert, m ake a m istake,

sign an autograph, talk to fans, d o an interview

P rep o sitio n s o f Tim e

Pedro listens to slo w m usic a t night.

When does A m anda listen to slo w m usic? She listens in the m orning.

W hat m akes th in g s move? P h ysical Science

Two Stubborn Little Goats

Fable (Fiction)

R ead in g Strateg y

Them e

R eading te x t w o rd s push, pull, m ovem ent, ground, throw, speed,

heavy, light, easy

L isten i ng te x t w o rd s com puter m ouse, stapler, suitcase, broom,

door, desk drawer

Word Stu d y Antonym s

R eading te x t w o rd s stubborn, angry, goat, m ountain, west, east,

forw ard, horns, w et

Liste n in g te x t w o rd s basketball, soccer, tennis, baseball, hockey,

g o lf

O BIG QUESTION 9

C o m p ara tive A d je ctiv e s

A b a ll is lighter than a desk.

Is a desk h eavier than a ball? Yes, it is

W hat's slow er than an airplane?

A train is slo w er than an airplane.

Su p e rla tiv e A d jective s

I'm th e yo u n g est person in my family

Is th e ju icie st grass on East M ountain?

R ead in g te x t w o rd s crescent, star, spiral, oval, straight, nature,

collage, sculpture, pattern

Listen in g te x t w o rd s photograph, origam i, draw ing, m obile,

o il pain ting, m osaic

Word S tu d y Flom ophones

R eading te x t w o rd s shiny, fold, edge, crane, seal, crumple,

waves, climb, golden

Liste n in g te x t w o rd s m arkers, scissors, glue, w atercolors, chalk,

colored pencils

Q u a n tifie rs

There are a lo t o f shapes.

There aren't an y triangles.

There is a lo t o f paper.

There isn 't any red paint.

Q u a n tifie rs

D id M a ki have any pencils? No, sh e didn't.

H ow m any sea ls were there? There w as one seal

H ow m uch p a p e r w as there? There w as a lo t o f paper.

PLA YSC R IP TS Bandar, the G reedy Monkey Two Stubborn Little G oats

LISTENING SPEAKING WRITING WRAP UP

S o cial Studies: Community

R u les in D ifferen t Places

D escriptions o f rules in d iffe re n t places

Liste n in g Strateg y

Listening for specific inform ation

A p o lo gizin g

It's m y turn.

No, it isn't It's Felix's turn

Oh, you 're right I'm sorry.

Liste n in g S tra teg y

Listening for specific inform ation

Being Po lite

Are y o u using th at com puter?

Yes, 1 am But we can share

Great Thanks.

S u b je c t-V e rb A g reem en t

He is careful w ith scissors a n d glue.

They w ere tired yesterday.

Listening for details

Earth A w areness Week

D escriptions o f d iffere n t co nservatio n activitie s

Listen in g Strategy

Listening fo r specific inform ation

R ep rim a n d in g an d A p o lo gizin g

Please d o n 't litter Use the trash can

Sorry Where is it?

It's in fro n t o f th a t tree.

Oh, I se e it Thanks.

D escribing C onservation Activities

I recycled m y m ilk cartons D id you?

Yes, I did I recycled m y m ilk cartons, too!

Task

Talk and w rite ab ou t th ree natural resources seen

e v e ry day (W orkbook)

Verb Tenses to Show Time

I go to school I'm going to school I w ent to school

D escriptions o f d iffere n t feeling s and reactions

Liste n in g S tra teg y

Listening for details

In te rv ie w w ith a Pop Star

A repo rter in terview s a pop star

Liste n in g S tra teg y

Really? It's m y favorite.

D escrib in g M usic a n d Em o tio ns

I gave a concert I w as prou d Then I sign ed autographs I was excited.

I p la y ed the p ian o I w as nervous.

Task

Talk and w rite about m usic and feelings (Workbook)

Using A n d a n d But

I'm sing in g an d playing the piano.

A den is excited, bu t I'm nervous.

Units 13 and 14 (W orkbook)

D escriptions o f actions that require m ovem ent Phew ! 1 ca n't m ove this It's too heavy. Talk and w rite about pushing and pulling.

Listening fo r specific inform ation Thanks That w ou ld b e great!

No problem

D escriptions o f d iffere n t sports and actions 1 run, ju m p , an d throw the ball. S m a ll sm aller sm allest

Talk and w rite ab ou t speed and m o vem en t in a sport (W orkbook)

D escriptions o f typ es o f art and shapes

Liste n in g S tra teg y

Listening fo r details

Com p lim entin g

Wow! That's a really great m obile!

Thankyou.

You're very g o o d a t art.

Thanks A n d you're g o o d a t m ath!

D escriptions o f art and art tools

Liste n in g S tra teg y

Listening fo r specific inform ation

D escrib in g Art

It's a pictu re o f the rainforest 1 used green an d brow n pieces o f stone fo r the trees.

You m ade a m osaic.

A rt Report

• Review

M y sister b o u g h t glue, a box o f m arkers colored Unit5 „ and 18 (Workbook) Q

pencils, scissors a n d chalk.

Task

Talk and w rite ab ou t a rt tools used in a rt projects.

(Workbook)

WORLD MAP

In units WATCH LEARN READ

V

1 How many anim als can you see?

2 Where do you think they are?

1 What anim als do you like?

2 Which anim als help us?

W h a t do you

k n o w about

a n im als?

W o rd s

O Read the sentences Write the words from ©

1 Birds have two of these Orangutans don't have these w in g s

2 Chickens lay these Some people eat them in the morning

3 These are all over a n im a ls'b o d ie s. _

am phibians

mammals

scales

4 An elephant and an orangutan are part of this group

5 Frogs are part of this group

6 Many anim als that live in water have these to help them breathe

8 Unit 1 Vocabulary: Animals and Animal Body Parts

eggs

B e f o r e Y o u R e a d

T h i n k W hat do you know about fish? Do you like frogs?

Why? Why not?

Compare and Contrast

To compare things, we tell how they're the same

H oneybees and birds both have wings

To contrast things, we tell how they're different

H oneybees make hives Birds make nests

Read the text What's the sam e? What's different?

Check (✓ ) the correct column.

Mice and hamsters are both

mammals.They both have

fur, four legs, and run fast.

Hamsters live inside and mice

usually live outside.

Both animals are small.

Life Science

Reading: Compare and Contrast Unit 1 9

P R E V I E W

In this text, we learn about different kinds

of anim als and the groups they belong to.

All birds have tw o legs, two w ings, an d feathers,

an d most birds can fly The w in g s a n d feathers help them fly an d the feathers help keep them warm

Birds l a y e g g s with hard shells They keep the b a b y birds inside sa fe from anim als that w a n t to e a t them.

Fish have gills to help them

breath e in water S c a l e s all

over their bodies help keep

them sa fe from d a n g e ro u s fish

that w a n t to bite them They

don't have legs, but their fins

an d tails help them swim.

Fish l a y their e g g s in water,

an d their e g g s are soft.

scales

H ow a re fis h d iffe re n t

fro m b ird s?

T h in k

A m p h i b i a n ?

M a m m a l?

Som e m ammals live on land

an d some live in water

W h a l e s a r e w a te r mammals, and cats, rabbits, an d lions are land mammals Hair or fur covers most land m am m als' bod ies an d this helps keep them w arm People are

m ammals too! M a m m a ls don't

la y e g g s Their b a b ie s drink milk from their mothers.

How a re m am m als d iffe re n t

fro m am p h ib ia n s?

Am phibians a r e v e r y interesting

b e c a u s e they can live on land an d in

water Am phibians need to have w et

skin, so they live in w e t p laces They

la y their soft e g g s in water They have

gills when th e y 're yo u n g an d the gills

help them breathe in water M ost

am phibians, like frogs, h av e legs that

help them w a lk an d jump on land. H ow a r e am phibians

the sa m e a s fis h ?

U n d e rsta n d

C o m p re h e n sio n

© Ask and answ er

the question.

W h at’s y o u r fa v o rite p a rt?

F ro g s have w e t sk in

T h a t’s cool!

2 How do amphibians move?

3 What do m am m als have all over their bodies?

o&~~ ^

1 Why can't birds live under water?

2 Why do frogs need to live near water?

1 2 Unit 1 Com prehension

4 How they move

S a m e D if f e r e n t

G ra m m a r in U se

W orkbook r„ G ram m ar

Fish have gills to help them b reathe H o w do m a m m a l s keep w a r m ?

T h e y h a v e gills to p la y in the sea!

Bird s have w in g s to help them fly.

Fish have gills They have gills Gills help them breathe

Do gills help fish b reath e? Yes, gills help them breathe

How do gills help fish ? Gills help them breathe

W hat an im als have these things? Practice with your partner.

B ird s have them T h e y ’re w in g s

Grammar: Subject and Object Pronouns Unit 1 1 3

Com m unicate

W o rd s

Q Read the clues and write the words.

2 Eyes, ears, and mouth are on this for most animals

3 Most anim als have two of these to see with

4 This body part can open and close Most anim als eat with this

5 Elephants have two big ones but fish don't have any

6 A tiger's legs help move this from place to place

L is t e n in g

Q Listen How m any of these an im als live in the ocean? © i.oe

S p e a k in g

Use the words in the box to help © i-os

W ord S tu d y

Com pound Words Compound words are two words put together to make a new word,

s ta r + fish = s ta rfis h honey + bee = honeybee

Look at the pictures and com plete the compound words.

W r it © Tell your partner three things about your favorite anim al group

Speaking: Expressing Sympathy • Compound Words Unit 1 15

U N IT 2

G et R eady

W o rd s

© Listen and point to the words Listen ag ain and say the words © i.oq

O Complete the sentences Write the words.

2 A grows on a pine tree

3 Strawberries are my favorite kind o f

5 The dog and the cat don't like each other They often

6 A is a long, thin anim al It lives underground

8 Cats c a n very quietly Other anim als can't hear them coming

1 6 Unit 2 Vocabulary: A nim al Words an d Verbs

B e f o r e Y o u R e a d

T h i n k How can an im als help people?

Do you help at home?

Com pare and C o ntrastRemember, to com pare things, we tell how they're the

same To co ntrast things, we tell how they're different

Read the text What's the sam e? What's different?

Write the words in the Venn diagram

Hugo and Ivan are ten years old

Hugo lives in a big house in the

country and Ivan lives in a small

apartment in the city.They both

have pets Hugo has a big dog and

Ivan has a small goldfish

the things that happen.

Reading: Compare and Contrast Unit 2 1 7

This story is an

adventure story

Adventure stories are usually exciting because a lot of things happen.

Read Leo a n d Lily's

Leo and Lily live in a big garden near a forest

Lily is red and yellow She’s friendly, but she is

usually very nervous Lily flies from tree to tree

in the garden and she hops in the grass She eats

worms, nuts, and berries Leo is black and white

H e is very fast and very clever H e’s brave, too

H e climbs trees in the garden and he hunts for

mice and birds! Leo sometimes tries to catch

Lily, but Lily always escapes Leo can run fast,

but Lily can fly.This makes Leo angry!

One day, Leo sees Lily in the garden Leo wants to catch Lily

H e creeps through the garden very slowly and quietly But Lily sees Leo and she flies aw ay into the forest Leo chases Lily Lily flies and flies and Leo runs and runs Soon they are a long wag from the garden and they don’t know the w ay home It’s dark in the forest Leo and Lily are scared

Leo and Lily hear a noise It’s a fox!

The fox is hungry It wants some dinner

It wants to eat Leo! Leo tries to fight the fox, but the fox is very big

Lily is in a tree She pecks a pinecone The pinecone falls and hits the fox on the head! Leo escapes and climbs up the tree.The fox is angry It can ’t climb trees

Leo and Lily w ait in the tree for a long time At last, the fox goes aw ay Leo

and Lily are safe, but they want to go home now Lily flies up very high She sees the garden! She squawks happily Lily shows Leo the w ay home But

Lily is small and her wings are tired

She sits on L eo’s back and Leo carries Lily home

Leo and Lily are safe at home in their garden a g a in T h e y ’re friends now Lily flies around the garden and Leo never tries to catch her Well, hardly ever!

U n d e rsta n d

C o m p re h e n sio n

>cM—^

1 Why Leo and Lily don't like each other

© Ask and answ er

Number the events in the correct order.

1 Which anim als can be pets?

2 Can anim als help each other?

20 Unit 2 Com prehension

M y cat a n d bird a l w a y s fight.

T h e y n e v e r get along tog eth er.

A n d fighting isn’t right.

Leo som etim es trie s to catch Lily som etim es >/</

Leo hardly ever trie s to catch Lily now hardly ever y

Practice with your partner.

I alw ays He / She alw ays

I usually He / She usually

I som etim es He / She som etim es

I hardly e v e r He / She hardly ever

I n e v e r He / She never

about your partner.

I always eat ice cream in the summer

Listen and point to the words Listen ag ain and say the words.

Circle the correct answer.

1 An elephant can be big and strong

2 A lion is alw ays gentle and calm

3 A dog can be fierce and patient

4 A monkey can be smart

5 A mouse is always strong and fierce

2

22 Unit 2 Vocabulary: Adjectives • Listening: Details

S p e a k in g

T h e s e an im als have

T h e y re in

T h e y c a n

W ritin g S tu d y

Pronouns

Some words can take the place of nouns

These words are called pronouns

Rabbits a r e very gentle They a re very gentle

Write the pronouns for the underlined words.

1 My friends and I are playing

2 The dog is barking at Tom

3 The drums are very loud

4 The city is dangerous

5 Lions can be fierce

W r it © Tell your partner about an an im al that you know Say w h at it is like

Speaking: Describing an Animal • Writing: Pronouns Unit 2 23

The students are learning

ab o u t a n im a l groups.

Layla's pet is an am p h ib ian

Billy's pet is a fish

P r o je c t : M a k e A n im a l P i c t u r e C a r d s

• Draw or find a picture of one anim al for each card

• Write the name of the anim al below the picture

• Write three facts about the anim al group on the back of the card

Tell the class about an anim al.

Picture Cards picture-side down on a desk

Partners read the sentences on the backs of

the picture cards and guess the anim als.

© Think more about

the Big Question.

© Complete the

Big Question Chart.

Project: Anim al Picture Cards • Big Q u estio n !

* ?

BIG QUESTION e

How do things

change?

1 What is the weather like?

2 Where do you think this is?

© Think and answ er the questions.

1 What things change?

2 Can you hold water in your hand?

W h a t do you

k n o w about how

things change?

27

7

28 Unit 3 Vocabulary: Forms and States

B e f o r e Y o u R e a d

W hat solids are in your kitchen at home?

Cause an d Effect

Cause and effect tells how one event makes

another event happen

A cause is why something happens

The effect is what happens after the cause

The ice cream is in the sun It melts

Read the sentences Match the causes and effects.

In th e w in ter, it's som etim es cool

and ra in y W hen it's ve ry cold, it

snows W hen there's a lot o f snow,

children don't go to school T h e y stay

home and th e y 're h ap p y In w inter,

there's o ften ice on th e streets, and

som etim es people slip and fa ll

O Look at the pictures on pages 30 - 31.

W hat do you think the text is about?

Reading: Couse and Effect Unit 3 29

P R E V I E W

iWODQlG QS ©ODD3

LnjQ (2^ ]@ < 5)0?

In this text, we learn about what things are made of This text is an

inform ational text. Remember, informational texts tell us about our world.

Physical Science

solids are soft Trees

a n d feath ers are solids

Y o u 're a solid, too!

Liquids

A liquid is a thing

th a t can flow S o m e liquids are thick, an d

s o m e liquids are thin

Juice a n d milkshakes are liquids C an y o u think o f o t h e r kinds

On a w i n d y day, w e can feel th e w in d on

o u r bodies.

The snow w as a solid and now it's a liquid.

Think"

W hat’s the c a u s e o f the s n o w m elting?

W hat’s the e ffe c t?

The w ater was a

liquid and now

it's a solid

The w ater was

a liquid and now it's a gas

W hat’s the c a u s e o f the w a t e r fre e z in g ?

W hat’s the e ffe c t?

W hat’s the c a u s e o f the w a t e r boiling?

W hat’s the e ffe c t?

Things can change from one state to another

when we make them hot or cold.

W hen w e make w ater

very cold, it freezes

and changes to ice

W hen ice or snow heats up, it melts and changes back to water

W hen w e heat

w ater, it boils and changes to steam

Look at these three pictures of things changing

from one state to another

1 We can see and feel this It can be hard or soft This is a solid

2 This flows It can be thick or thin It's a

3 We cannot usually see this Sometimes we can feel it It's a

1 Why do we boil liquids?

2 Can all solids change to liquids?

3 2 Unit 3 Com prehension

I t w a s a liquid Now it’s a g a s They w ere hard Now they’re so ft.

thing to another Tell your partner about it.

Then

Grammar: Simple Past o f Verb To Be Unit 3 3 3

O Read the clues Write the word.

1 People think I'm fun to play with If I get too big, I pop! What a m i? b allo o n

2 I help people heat water for drinks What am I?

3 I can grow on a house when it's very cold outside What am I?

4 I get noisy when people make me hot People eat me What am I?

5 People use me to see in the dark Be careful! I'm hot What am I?

6 I'm very cold and people eat me on a hot summer day What am I?

L is t e n in g

S p e a k in g

P le a s e p a s s the ju ic e

S u re H e re you go

T h a n k s % You’re w e lco m e

W ord S tu d y

Nouns and Verbs

Remember, some words can be nouns and verbs.

Read the sentence Write the word.

2 My friend and I video games together

W r i t e Tell your partner about a thing that can chan ge state.

Speaking: Accepting a Request • Words That Can Be Nouns an d Verbs Unit 3 35

I th in k liquids can become gas.

O Look at Q and write the words.

1 Food: sa lt

2 Things in a kitchen:

3 When the window is I feel hot

3 6 Unit 4 Vocabulary: Foods and Mixtures

B e f o r e Y o u R e a d

your friends?

Cause and Effect

Remember, a cause is why something happens

The effect is what happens after the cause

Read the causes Write the effects.

Omar feels awful He’s really cold His

mother heats som e water and makes

him some lemon tea Omar drinks

the tea and feels warm He takes a

short nap and when he w a k e s up he’s

hungry! His mother heats water in a

pot, and puts in some chicken, carrots,

and onions Omar eats the soup and

feels good again!

1 O m ar is really cold His mother m akes him tea

2 O m ar drinks fhe fea

3 He’s hungry

•4 Om ar eafs fhe soup

© In the story, students m ake som ething that is cold and

sweet W hat do you think it is?

Reading: Cause and Effect Unit 4 3 7

y e s t e r d a y It's in the fre e z e r.

S t u d e n t s : O h , no! It's liquid!

M r J e n k i n s : W h a t ' s w r o n g ?

W h y ' s e v e r y o n e so s a d ?

W hat is the ice

S t u d e n t s : Yes! Let's m a k e ice c r e a m !