Chuong VlC6 nhi6u ydu td cdn dUQc xem xdt trong giai doqn lqp kd hoqch do GPS, bao gdm: F MUc dich c0a viQc do:... O6i vOi truong hqp dudng giao th6ng chua c6 quy ho4ch hoic khu vgc c6 t
Trang 1Chuong Vl
C6 nhi6u ydu td cdn dUQc xem xdt trong giai doqn
lqp kd hoqch do GPS, bao gdm:
F MUc dich c0a viQc do:
LOp tudi t<trdng chd, do dia hinh, thu!' dqc
BAn dd chuy6n dd hay thu thqp d0 liQu cho GIS
Sd lugng Oidm tndng chd mqt bing vd dQ cao doi
h6i
He toa dQ vd dO cao
F Nhfrng ddi h6i dQ chfnh xdc
MAt bing vdr dQ cao
GPS s6 cung cdp d0 chinh xdc cdn thidt khOng?
Trang 2) Qua trinh do GPS
D0 chinh xdc cao: d0ng pha s6ng tai tTnh hay dQng
6 mtlc dQ cm
D0 chinh xdc trung binh: d0ng md 6 muc dQ m
D9 chinh xdc thdp: dung dinh vi tuyQt ddi 6 milc
10-30m
Cdc chgn lUa RTK cho do dia hinh
> Thidt kd ludi vd c6c lien kdt
C6c li6n kdt duong ddy tlnh vdo didm khdng chd
dia phuong
Cdc li6n kdt vdo c6c didm IGS
,r&t
F Thu thap d0 lieu va ky' thudt binh sai
Thdi gian thu thap d0 lieu
Cdc ddi h6i kh6i dOng GPS
G6c ddi h6i da dudng ddy
C6,c ddi h6i vdng kh6p
C6c ddi h6i khdng chd t<h6c
C6c ti€u chudn binh sai vd ti6u chudn dO chinh x6c
CAc ddi h6i metadata
Dinh dang b6o c6o do dac sau cing
F Vi trf chgn didm
KhAo s6t thqtc dia
Nhilng gidi hqn vd tinh nhin thdy hay da drtong
Trang 3cHeN rY rnuAr Do
rHtdr rf, lUol Gps
- Quy chuAn k! thuqt qu6c gia v6 x6y dgng tuoi tqa dO
06/2009/TT-BTNMT
- Quy chuAn kg thu€t qu6c gia v€ xdy dr,rng luoi dQ cao
1 1/2008/QD-BTNMT
- Quy dinh kg thuit do dac tnrc ti€p dia hinh vir cq sd dO tiOu n€n dia lV ti l€ 1:500 d6n 1:5000 6AtZOlSrrT-BTNMT
> Thidt k6 tudi cps tidn hanh theo ba budc:
' thu thdp s6 ti6u gdc tric dia vd khu vgc
thidt kd so bQ trOn bAn dd vd
Chinh xdc ho6 vi tritr6n thgc dia.
Trang 4rHU rHAP sd LrEu c6c rnAc
D!A
tai liQu li6n quan ddn que trinh tfridt kd
lLIdi, bao gdm
C6c bAn dd dd thanh lap vd khu do theo t!
le yeu cdu
Cdc didm khdng che mqt bdng va do cao
cdp cao dd co tr6n khu do
thidt kd
//^?,\
, i,
Tinh toan sO lugng di€m kh6ng ch6 dpa vdo m4t dQ sau
C6p 0 Hang I H4ng II Hang III
leOng bang)
Hpg III
(vung
nfi)
Co sd (thanh phti vd
khu CN)
Co sd (chua x6ry
dung)
10000
-15000
krro
700
1000 km2
krn2
2s-50
krn2
4 diCm/
1km2
I diCm/
lkm2
Trang 5THIET KE TREN BAN D o/\\
Theo s6 luEng di6m kh6ng cne Oa tinh to6n truoc, ti6n hAnh ch6m di6m so bO tr€n bdn d6 Vi tricdc di6m chqn cdn thod m6n c6c y€u
cAu sau: (Theo thdng tu O6/20O9||T-BTNMT, 6812015/TT-BTNMT)
Vitrf chqn di6m phdi ld cdc vitrico khd ning tdn tai d thUrc dia lAu
dai Co n6n ddt v0ng ch5c, 6n dinh, d nh0ng v! tri quang d6ng vir c6ch xa c6c c6ng trinh ki6n trUc lon, co v!tri thuaatnj lqi cho viec do
ngim, c6 khd ning ph6t tri6n cho c6c ludi c5p thdp hon, nim ngoAi
lQ gidic6c duong giao thong d6 dugc quy hoach O6i vOi truong hqp dudng giao th6ng chua c6 quy ho4ch hoic khu vgc c6 tluong sdt cnay qua thi di6m dugc chqn phdi d vitri cdch m6p dudng giao th6ng ho{c cdch nep duong sdt it nnSt SOm.
Vi tri dugc chgn phii co g6c md l€n biu troi lon hon 150t, trong truong hqp clac biQt d c6c khu vr.rc dO thi thi vitri di6m duqc chgn c0ng phdi c6 goc md lon hon 120tt vd chi duqc ph6p che khu5t vO
mOt phia
Di6m itugc chgn phdi d xa c6c tr?m thu phdt s6ng t6l tnieu 500m;
xa c6c tram bi€n th6, duong dAy cao thi5, tram cao 6p it nhet som
Han ch6 chqn di6m taic6c vitri gin m6i nhi kim loEi, cdy c6i am,
c6c nhd cao tAng vd hdng rio dAy th6p gai.
Kh6ng dugc ph6p chen Cti6m d c6c vitriduoi khe, su6i, s6t ta-luy,
dudit6n ciy.
N6u khu do cluqc thi6t ke tang diy luoi kh6ng ch6 c5p th5p hon dEng ctuong chuydn do goc, canh thi phdi chgn vi tri di€m lu0i sao cho tgo thinh tung cip di6m th6ng huong ngang hofc th6ng huong ngang voi di6m c5p cao hon d6 phat tri6n c6c luoi cdp th5p hon dqng dudng chuyAn
86 sung th6m:
NOn chqn di6m d noi gdn cludng giao thOng d6 de thicOng vi srl
dqrng vd sau
V! tri vi phin b6 cOa c6c diSm kh6ng phu thuQc nhiOu vdo c6c y6u t6 nhu hinh d4ng luoi hay tinh th6ng huong nhung n6n phqc vr; cho
mr,rc dich cU thd cOa d6 6n VidU n€u tr€n khu ilo do v6 cung mQt t'i l€, ta c6 th6 ph6n O6 Oeu c6c di6m N€u do vE nhidu t! 16 thi n€n
phdn b6 dAy d khu vUc ty 16 lon vd thua d phin con lai.
Trang 6Tu tap hQp cdg didm qhqn tr6n, ta chon c6c dudnq
d3V dQc lAp d6 li6n k6t cdc di6m Sau dAy ta nh0ri'g
yeu cau:
- it nndt 8 qu6c gia co d6 chinh x6c tu hang il trd t€n
trong CI6 i6m b6 tritai c6c g6c vd it nhAt 1 di€m b6 tri
vi tea d0 hang ll kh6c co trong phqm vixdy dtrng luoi hang lll
- it nnSt 3 di6m tga tlQ qu6c gia tai c6c vi tri kh6ng ch€ vdr ph6n b6
d€u toAn luoi khi xAy dqng luoi co s0 cdp 1.
,t\
DO
K
TH IET
t(/,\2,\
uac ctuong d-ay cang ngan cang tOt de t4o di6u ki6n cho vi6c giAi da tri.-Dd_6An uio dO tntra Va sr:Cmtnri cdn i[ieitioriJ
mang lLtdi, m6i didm s6 dtroc ndivdo it niidt hai didm kd Ca"n
: Khqing cirn lrlng
- Odr€ baig
- l,iannd
: s{ dt{i kMrE chi ro? dt l6i hi6u i Kiioog TrI cirh :
Trang 7Qa.ng phudnp p udi tam gi6c, ouong cnuyen.
9ng yiQc thid-t kd.ludi td kinh
an cai ddi h6i vd oo chinh
t kd luditdi r.ru s6 cunq cdo dudng ddyl vong lqp [hua.
> Dd nha
ldp ddn
kdt cdc
HahO l'l 2km+ks
gk-.71s
ti gfo nh6t v6i hon r! le do v0.
- &iiAn nO'
;'E ;a;'it:ffi rit; ;i:A ; ) A:n; :
|
73\rt I
a 56 dl6m kh{ng ch4 roa 41 l!: th,[u
i
Lli *- |
_ _ -_ i
Trang 83.1.06ng tdc khdo sdi chQn didm Msi tea d0 chidugc ti6n hinh sau khi lhrdt k0 kf thuit dU todn di dugc plt€ duygt
\1/ '
rng ) Vi vAv ta cdn thidt phai c6 qud tiinn cdi chidu thidt kd
tr6n'thUc.dia.nhim'ph6t hifn nh0ng didm bdt hQp lf
trong thidt ke.
idm tren mat ddt-bing dinh, sdn hay xay
g.
> Ghi sd rrieu didm vA so hoa kV dd trdnh that lac.
Xfi l)t mOt hldi GPS hodn chinh c6 ttrd chia ldm 2 giai do4n:
> Xfl lf ttng ming do ri0ng 16
F Kdt hQp cr4c ming clo clon dd tao thdnh mQt hrdi thdng nhdt
+ Chring ta cAn hai mO hinh cd bdn li mO hinh chrlc ndng vd
m6 hi-nh sai sd
Trang 9M0 hinh chric ning cfia ludi
GPS / MO hinh chrlc-nang thd hiQn mdi quan hQ toiln hoc gitta c6c tri do vd ci{c dn sd
AXi.;= \ - x, AY,;-Yi-Y,
,rt\ur,\
NANG
x2Y2 22x3Ytz3 Xo Yo 24
lo o r o o o o o ol l-t 0 0 r 0 0 0 0 0l
lo -l o o l o o o ol
lo o o I o o -l o ol
lo o o o l o o -r ol
l'o o o o o I o o -ll
I o o o o o o -r o o
I
AX't AYrz LZ,, AX,,
LYrt
LZrz
aX43
AY,r aZnt
AXo,
AY,,
LZur
Trang 10M0 HiNn sAt sd D6 chinh xiic ctia mQt hldi GPS phu thu6c vdo:
> Ctrdt h.rQng cria c6c drldng clly don
F Tinh ddng nha't cia c6c tri do GPS (mQt vi hai tdn sd do,
vv )
> Sd luQng vd srJ phdn bd ciic clrrdng d:iy dQc lQp trong hrdi
> Sd lrrgng cdc tildm g6c dd, c6
DQ chinh xi{c ctia c6c clrrdng d6y dQc l4p phq thu6c vdo:
) Chidu dii drldng driy ttdn
) Kidu mr{y thu GPS (mQt hay hai tAn sd)
> Thdi gian d4t miiy thu tai tram do
> Sdhlgng vQ tinh quan siit drrdc
> Tri do dr)ng trong viQc xrl l! (pha hay md)
) Phdn mdm dnng dd xf/ 1!
vv )
> Y9 hinh ildn.gid+.qugc- sfi d-qng nhidu nhdt hi€n nay ad oann giri d0
chinh xric chidu dli drldns drll, _
trong d6 ,,,, l;*i!*:J\:l^)l"o aon uir,,,,
a=0.2-lcm b=l-5ppm
tring ;d a v a theo rrong sd ny hudng ddn cta miiy thu GpS theo
ki6u do du khi ding mriy-thu Trihble 4000SSi do tinh.yd xfi
lf tri do 5 mm, ! = lppm
> Thgo Chris Rizos, ta c6 thd x{p xi dQ chinh xiic cho ciic thdnh phdn cfia
cludng ddy ld ( z
m2* =La@.tZ)'
Trang 11D0 cHiNH xAc KHONc ctAN
gn =(t'ref' =
8 x,x, 4 x,r, 4 xrz,
Q r,r, Q r,z,
o':.L'
4x,x, 4x,r" Qx,z,
4 r,x Q rrr" I r,z"
":!: n':.': n?.'.'
Qx"x" Qx,y, Qx"z.
8r,y, Qr,z,
o-.
Matrdn trong sd
tl6o cria X Y vd Z
PHUONG
fru.c V tgng v.gi p|gn
tuydn tai Q, vcyi chteu
duong huong ly tdm
Tiuc E tqo voi trqrc N vd trUc U thdnh mot hd tam di€n trdi
Trang 12Q*"t 3 QNeu
4 N,x, 4 N,E, 4 N,u,
Q e,r, I tru, n":.i'
QN,u" 444 4N,u,
4EN, Qep, 4e,u,
":.1: n":.7 n":.?
Q u.r" Q N$ Q u^u,
4 e$, 4 t,u"
Qu^u^
Qxw =TQxnTr = Matran trong sd
ddo cria N E vi U
- sin /n sin 2n
cos /,, cos/ sin 2,,
a
m"- =,[e
mr, = JA
(rv, -rv,)
4,,=arctanl
-l
' I Et-E' )
Him trgng s0':
f", , = !(o 5,, ai ai o)
a, =Jcti = (sinau -cosa/ 0)
Trgng sddio:
Qo, = .fo,Qrur-f!, =
lo,(Qruu .J * QNcu, -zQrru,bl
Q", = f,nQNeuf{, = b,@*uu, + Qrrr, -zQ*urbl
Sai s6'trung phr/dng tr/dng h6:
Trang 13Phdn mdm ddnh gid dQ chinh xdc
Iudi GPS - GPSEST
5 tong so diem
T€n tlidm, to4 rlQ Gauss (UTM)
x vd y cria t{t c6, c6c didm GpS
trong lUdi
12
23
34
45
51
1 so diem cung :_
3
TOn canh do GPS theo chidu
Trang 14DINH DANG FILE XUAT
SAI SO VI TRI MAT BANG CUA LUOI GPS
Diem vido kinh do mx(m) my(m) mp(m)
1 8.1954 106.0111 0.3616 1.7112 1.7490
2 9.1319 109.0231 0.0986 1.3373 1.3409
3 9.1620 106.0739 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
4 9.1235 108.1060 0.0767 0.9902 0.9932
5 9.1249 110.s638 0.1158 1.5119 1.5163
SAI SO TRUNG PHUONG TUONG HO
Canh S mS T
'l- 2 347176.385 2.2039 157530
't-3 104715.260 1.7490 59872
1- 4 257287.279 2.0113 127922
1- 5 551668.659 2.3147 238328
2- 3 320674.399 1.3409 239141
2- 4 94562.268 1.6687 56669
2- 5 209796.619 2.0242 103646
3- 4 226192222 0.9932 227751
3- 5 530446.435 1.5163 349832
4- 5 304351.675 1.8126 167910
) Chgn thdi didm do thich hEp
D Chgn thdi gian crta mAt ca do
> LAp fich ca do
Trang 15cHeN rHol otdnr Do rHicH
HgP
> Co tnd Oung cdc m6
dun lQp kd hoach
cria phdn mdm GPS.
> Vf dr; trong phdn
mdm Pinnacle c6
Planning dUQc thiet
kd cho mqc dich ndy
Fq ilile I
L"Erd" n N
6 F _-.
Ldrg@
^ - i0 : i0 :,
r[ H4
dia j Mo> I
Trang 16cHeN THol ctAN c0n MQT cA
DO
odi vOi dinh vi tudng odi tinrr, quy phqm c0a
Qudn d0i My' dd nghi theo bing sau (don vi
thdi gian la phft)
Dtrdng ddy (km) 4 vd tinh 5 v€ tinh >=6 vC tinh
mt!
lan so
al 1
IAN SO
lan so
1- 10
10-20
20-50
>50
60 75 105 180
20
)\
35
60
36 45 75 135
12
15
25 45
24
30
60 90
8
10 20 JU
Gid sfi thdi gian m6i ca do ld 45 ph(t, thdi gian chuydn m6y gi0a cdc tr4m trung binh la 1 5 pn.it
vd thdi gian do tdt nhdt rrong ngay ld tU Bh ddn
12h
Ca do Thdi gian M6y thu
I
2
J
4
8:00 - 8:45
9:00 - 9:45
ll:00- ll:45
I A A
6
2
2
5
)
J J
J
Trang 17QUA TRINH Do TREN THUC DlA
> Cei dflt anten vd do dg cao anten
) Ddng bQ cAc mey thu trong ca do
> Ghi chdp vAo sd ao
Y Cdc ki6m tra cdn thi6t