27 unit 5 higher education

Students in the UK must take a course of two years for the General certificate of Education Advanced level as an ________ for tertiary education... Read the passage and choose the best a

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Conditional and Wish sentences

A CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

1 First Conditional

a Form

Simple present (S + Vs,es)

Simple Future (S + will + Vo)

b Use: Diễn tả 1 điều kiện có thật hay có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai

Ex: If the weather is fine, we will go camping

If I have more time, I’ll come here more often

Lưu ý: Mệnh đề chính trong loại I sẽ thay đổi tùy theo tính chất và nội dung của lời nói: ** Modal verb (Động từ hình thái)

- Can (Sự cho phép)

Ex: If you are sick, you can have a day off

- May (Sự không chắc chắn)

Ex: If you leave now, you may meet him

- Must (Sự cần thiết)

Ex: If you want to finish this on time, you must hurry up

- Should (Sự khuyên bảo)

Ex: If you want to have good health, you should eat more vegetables

** Simple present (Thì hiện tại đơn)

Unit 5: Higher Education

Ex:

1 If we boil water, it vapors

2.John walks to school if he has enough time

3.If we don’t feed the animals, they die

** Command or invitation (Lời đề nghị hoặc lời mời)

Ex:

If you meet Ann, please tell him to call me

Please call me if you hear from Jane

2 Second Conditional

a Form

Past subjunctive (Ved)

Future in the past (Would + V)

b Use: Dùng để diễn tả 1 điều kiện không thật hay không thể xảy ra ở hiện tại

Ex:

If I were a bird, I would fly around the world

If I had a car, I would give you a lift

Lưu ý:

Trong câu điều kiện loại II, ở mệnh đề “IF” riêng động từ “to be” thì dùng “were” cho tất cả các ngôi

Ex:

If she were me , she would buy that car

If I were her, I would stay at home

3 Third Conditional

a Form

Past Perfect (Had + PII)

Perfect of modal + Past participle

(would have + PII)

b Use: Diễn tả 1 điều kiện không thật hay không thể xảy ra ở quá khứ

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Ex: If I had known that you were sick, I would have visited you

Lưu ý:

1 “If ……not” có thể thay bằng “Unless”

Ex:

If he doesn’t show up in 5 minutes, we will leave without him

=> Unless he shows up in 5 minutes, we will leave without him

- Unless you study hard, you’ll fail in the exam

=> If you don’t study hard, you’ll fail in the exam

3 “If” có thể được lược bỏ nhưng phải dùng hình thức đảo ngữ

Ex:

1 If there is a fire, please get out as fast as possible

=> Should there be a fire, please get out as fast as possible

2 If it weren’t for his support, I couldn’t win the game

=> Were it not for his support, I couldn’t win the game

3 If she had listened to my advice, she wouldn’t have been in trouble

=> Had she listened to my advice, she wouldn’t have been in trouble

Lưu ý: Có thể đổi vị trí 2 mệnh đề cho nhau

Ex:

If she were prettier, she would get that job

She would get that job if she were prettier

B WISH, IF ONLY + CLAUSE

1 Ao ước không có thật hoặc giả định ở hiện tại

S + wish/ wishes + S + were/ Ved

If only + S + were / Ved

Ex:

I wish I had 1 million dollars now

If only I were taller, I could join the soccer team

I wish I were taller now

If only I were taller now

2 Ao ước khộng có thật / giả định ở tương lai

S + wish(es) + S + could/ would + V

If only + S + could/ would + V

Ex:

She wishes he would become an astronaut

If only he would become an astronaut

She wishes he would pass the final exam

If only he would pass the final exam

3 Ao ước không có thật hoặc giả định quá khứ

S + wish(es) + S + had + V (PII)

If only + S + had + V(PII)

Ex:

I wish I had asked for her phone number

If only he hadn’t sold his house

If only I had woken up early

I wish I hadn't failed my exam last year

PRACTICE

Ex 1:

1 Alice didn't get a good grade She wishes she (work) _ harder

2 I am sorry I don’t know how to use the computer If only I (know) how to use

it

3 I stayed late at work and missed the last bus I wish I (stay) _ at work late

VOCABULARIES

- campus (n) ['kæmpəs]: khuôn viên trường đại học

- major (n) ['meidʒə]: chuyên ngành

- management (n) ['mænidʒmənt]: quản trị

- engineering (n) [,endʒi'niəriη] : kĩ sư

- practical (adj) ['præktikl]: thực tế, có tính ứng dụng

- humanity [hju:'mæniti] : tính nhân văn, khoa học nhân văn

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- philosophy [fi'lɔsəfi] : triết học

- anthropology [,ænθrə'pɔlədʒi]: nhân chủng học

- psychology [sai'kɔlədʒi]: tâm lý học

- offer (v): đề nghị, cung cấp, cho

- undergraduate(n) [,ʌndə'grædʒuət]: sinh viên chưa tốt nghiệp

- dormitory ['dɔ:mitri]: kí túc xá

- registration [,redʒi'strei∫n]: đăng kí

- reflect [ri'flekt]: phản ánh

- unsure of [,ʌn'∫uə] : không chắc chắn

- demonstrate ['demənstreit]: biểu tình

- combination [,kɔmbi'nei∫n]: sự kết hợp

- volunteer [,vɔlən'tiə]: tình nguyện

- tutor ['tju:tə]: gia sư

- homeless ['houmlis]: vô gia cư

- computer graphics (n) [kəm'pju:tə 'græfiks]: đồ họa máy tính

- instruction (n) [in'strʌk∫n]: sự hướng dẫn

- step in (phrasal verb) : bước vào

- mark (n) [mɑ:k] : điểm

- depends on (v) [di'pend]: phụ thuộc vào

- appropriate (adj) : [ə'prouprieit]: phù hợp

PRACTICE

II Choose the word which best fits each gap of the sentence

1 Students in the UK must take a course of two years for the General certificate of Education Advanced level as a(n) for tertiary education

2 Only these who achieve high _ at the GCSE examination are able to do the A level

course

3 All to courses at tertiary institutions are made through UCAS, and should be received by UCAS ( the University and College Admission Service)

4 There will be fewer vacant places left at the universities, so choice will be

limited

5 UCAS _ the details of each application on computer and sends a copy of the form to each university listed it

6 Each university considers the application before making a decision on the of a place

7 According to some educators, the of teaching is to help students learn what they need to know to live a well-adjusted and successful life

8 In the USA, official high school _ must be sent to the institution’s admission offices

9 In Viet Nam, application forms for the National Entrance Examinations must be before the deadline, often in April

10 Points will be added to the Entrance Examination scores for those who hold an excellent high school

A GRAMMAR: Choose the best answer

11 If someone _ into the store, smile and say, “May I help you?”

12 If I _ working for an accounting firm, I _ in a bank

A weren’t / would be working B am not / be working

C will not/ would be working D did not / were working

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13 The world _ a better place if we had known a hundred years ago what we know today about the earth’s environment

14 Do you think there _ less conflict in the world if all people _ the same language

A will be / spoke B would be / speak

15 I didn’t know you were asleep Otherwise, I so much noise when I came in

16 If you to my advice in the first place, you wouldn’t be in this mess right now

17 If the lecture last night Dr Mason, I would have listened carefully

18 because Rachel did so poorly on the exam, she wishes that she harder last night

19 Mrs Wood always talk to her pupils as though they adults

20 Had you told me that this was going to happen, I _ it

C hadn’t believe D would never have believed

21 Unless you all of my questions, I can’t do anything to help you

22 I am really tired today I wish I _ Bob to the airport last night

A didn’t have to take B were not taking

23 Their friendship lasted three years If he _ less mean, she _ him

A is / won’t leave B was / wouldn’t leave

C had been / wouldn’t have left D were / wouldn’t leave

24 I wish I _ you some money for your rent, but I’m broke myself

25 It has been a long draught It hasn’t rained for over a month If it , a lot of crops

A hasn’t rained / would die B won’t rain / die

C doesn’t rain / will die D didn’t rain / would die

26 If you boil water, it _ into the atmosphere as vapor

27 I _ William with me if I had known you and he didn’t get along well with each other

28 I’ll get tickets to the concert provided that still some available

29 If television had been invented in the 18th century, George Washington _ regularly

on the evening news

30 Ed _ in serious financial problems if he had listened to some of his friends

C wouldn’t have been D hadn’t been

B READING

I Read the passage and choose the best answer

College students in the United States today

A Life on US campuses is always changing One change these days is that there are more foreign students than ever before, especially in certain majors and in graduate schools There are almost half a million foreign students in colleges and universities in the United States Most of these students are studying business and management Almost as many are majoring in engineering Other practical courses- mathematics, computer science, and some life sciences (such as biology) – are also popular majors Not many foreign students are majoring in

humanities (literatures, art, drama, philosophy, etc.) or the social sciences (anthropology), psychology, and so on, probably because they don’t believe these fields offer the best job opportunities

B For many years in the United States, most undergraduate students (in their first four years of college) were 18 years old They attended college full-time, live in a dormitory on campus, and expected many “extras” from their colleges, not just classes But things began to change

in the 1970s and are very different now Today, these “traditional students are less than one quarter (1/4) of all college students These days the nontraditional students are the majority; they are different from traditional undergraduates in several ways They are older Many attend college part-time because they have families and jobs Most live off campus, not in dorms These nontraditional students don’t want the extras that college usually offer They aren’t interested in the sports, entertainment, religious groups and museums that are part of most US colleges They want mainly good-quality classes, day or night, at a low cost They also hope for easy parking, short registration lines, and polite service Both time and money are important to them

C Psychological tests reflect different learning styles in this new student population, too Each person has a certain learning style, and about 60 percent (%) of the new students these days prefer sensing style This means that they are very practical They prefer a practice- to theory method of learning – experience first and ideas after that They often have difficulty with reading and writing and are unsure of themselves Most of these students are attending colleges because they want to have a good job and make a lot of money

D In another way, also, students these days are different from students in the past In the 1960s and 1970s, many students demonstrated against the government and hoped to make big changes in society In the 1980s, most students were interested only in their studies and future jobs Today, students seem to be a combination of the two They want to make good money when they graduate, but they’re also interested in helping society Many students

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today are volunteering in the community They are working to help people, without payment For example, they tutor (teach privately) children in trouble, or they work with organizations for homeless people In these ways, they hope to make changes in society

31 Nowadays few foreign students are majoring in literature, philosophy or psychology because _

A These fields are not very popular

B They don’t hope they can get good jobs in the future

C They are practical courses

D They want classes at low cost

32 These days, most of traditional students _

A are studying business and management

B attend college part-time

C are not interested in extras

D live off campus

33 Nontraditional students are interested in

A living in a dormitory B extras that colleges offer

C attending college full-time D good- quality classes at a low cost

34 In paragraph C, most of new students _

A prefer new methods of learning

B like reading and writing

C want a good job and make a lot of money

D have a different style of learning

35 Many students today are volunteering in the community because they want _

A to change society

B to work in group

C to get experience

D to get good money

II Read the passage and then fill in each blank with the best completion

In Part Three of the Speaking Section you work with a partner You have to do a (36) task which usually (37) _ about 3 minutes One possible task is “problem (38) ”, which means you have to look at some (39) information and then (40) the problem with your partner You maybe show photos, drawings, diagrams, maps, plans, advertisements or computer graphics and it is (41) _ that you study them carefully If necessary, check you know exactly what to do by (42) _ asking the examiner to (43) the instructions or make them clearer

While you are doing the task, the examiner will probably say very (44) _ and you should ask your partner questions and make (45) _ if he or she is not saying much If either of you have any real difficulties the examiner may decide to step in and (46) _ Normally, however, you will find plenty to say, which helps the (47) _ to give you a fair mark This mark depends on your success in doing the task by (48) _ with your partner, which includes taking (49) _ in giving opinions and replying appropriately, although in the end it may be possible to “agree or (50) _”

37 A exists B lasts C stays D maintains

38 A solving B working C making D finding

39 A optical B obvious C noticeable D visual

41 A essential B needed C helpful D successful

42 A formally B officially C politely D sincerely

45 A ideas B statements C speeches D suggestions

46 A complain B help C suggest D fail

47 A judge B referee C assessor D observer

48 A competing B struggling C opposing D co-operating

49 A changes B sides C turns D sentences

50 A contrast B disagree c argue D object

D.ERROR IDENTIFICATION: Identify the error in each sentence

51 Higher education including teaching, research and social services activities of universities

52 Higher general education might be contrast with higher vocational education, which

A B in contrast

concentrates on both practice and theory

53 Socio-linguistic is his favorite subject at the university

 Socio-linguistics

54 Higher general education and training generally took place in a university or college

A B takes C D

place

55 Before I went to drama school, I had to resist a lot of family pressure for me to study

medical

D medicine

56 Was I interested in that subject, I would try to learn more about it

57 If I had had the same problems you had as a child I might not succeed in life as well as

you have

D

58 If you fail the GCSE examination, you will not allowed to take the entrance examination

to the university

D

59 Correspondence course is a course of study that you do at home, using books and

exercises send to you by post or by email

D  sent

60 The full portfolio of course run by the University including undergraduate and

postgraduate degrees, adult education, distance and online learning