Ngữ pháp tiếng anh 2

Ngữ pháp tiếng anh 2 Ngữ pháp tiếng anh 2 Ngữ pháp tiếng anh 2 Ngữ pháp tiếng anh 2 Ngữ pháp tiếng anh 2 Ngữ pháp tiếng anh 2 Ngữ pháp tiếng anh 2 Ngữ pháp tiếng anh 2 Ngữ pháp tiếng anh 2 Ngữ pháp tiếng anh 2 Ngữ pháp tiếng anh 2 Ngữ pháp tiếng anh 2 Ngữ pháp tiếng anh 2

5 Wish Clauses : Mệnh đề ao ước.

*** Future wish : S + wish + S + would / could + Verb ( bare inf )

*** Present wish :

S + wish + S + were (not) / Verb (cột 2 / ed) / didn’t verb (bare infinitive)

*** Past wish : S + wish + S + Had (not) + Verb (pp)

Examples: 1 He will get there by motorbike  I wish he

wouldn’t get there by motorbike.

2 I can’t speak English fluently  I wish I could

speak English fluently

3 My friends don’t take part in the game  I wish my friend took part in the game.

4 I didn’t know that Alice was ill  I wish I had known that Alice was ill.

6 Clauses of reason /concession  phrases of reason /concession: Mệnh

đề chỉ lí do / sự nhượng bộ

 cụm từ chỉ lí do / sự nhượng bộ Because / although / though …  Because of / In spite of /

despite

*** S + be + adj Possessive + noun

*** The / possessive +N+ be + adj The / possessive + adj + N

*** S + V (tenses ) + … ( Possessive ) + ( not ) +

V-ing

* Nếu 2 mệnh đề nối với nhau bằng “BUT” Khi viết lại câu với Although / though, ta chỉ cần bỏ “BUT” rồi đưa although / though vào mệnh đề đầu

( Clauses and phrases of reason /concession ) Adjective 

Noun

Tired 

Tiredness

Sick 

Sickness

Ill 

Illness

Late 

Lateness

Kind 

Adjective  Noun

Important  Importance Different 

Difference Absent  Absence

Honest  Honesty

Difficult  Difficulty

Poor  Poverty

Kindness Lazy 

Laziness Sad 

Sadness Dark 

Darkness

Noisy  The noise

Invent  The invention

of

Examples: 1 Because he is lazy , he often gets bad marks

 Because of his laziness , he often gets bad marks

2 Because the husbands were absent, women went to work in

factories

Because of the absent husbands ,women went to work in

factories

Because of the husbands’ absence , women went to work in

factories

3 Although she didn’t ask him, he helped her

 In spite of her not asking him , he helped her.

4 It was raining heavily, but the boys were playing football.

Although/though It was raining heavily,the boys were playing football

7 Comparision of Adjectives and Adverbs: Câu so sánh

*** Equal Comparisions:

S + V + as / so + adj / adv + as + noun / pronoun.

*** Unequal Comparisions: Short adj / adv + er

S + V + + than +

noun / pronoun

More + long adj / adv

*** Superlatives: Short adj / adv + EST

S + V + the + +

( prepositional phrase )

Most + long adj / adv

*** Double comparations: so sánh kép : Càng … càng

* The + short adj / adv + er + S + V, The + short adj / adv + er + S

+ V

* The more + long adj / adv + S + V, The more + long adj / adv + S

+ V

Notes : 1 Good / well better  the best

2 Bad / badly worse  the worst

3 Many / much more  the most

4 Little less  the least

5 Far further/farther (Khoảng cách)  the

further/farther (Khoảng cách)

Examples: 1 Mary is certainly more intelligent than her sister

Mary’s sister is certainly not so intelligent as Mary / her.

2 You don’t speak English as fluently as she She speaks English more fluently than you (do).

3 Today is not sunny as yesterday Yesterday is

sunnier than today.

4 I know him better than you You don’t know

him so well as me

5 Nobody in the team plays football so well as Tom.

Tom is the best football player in the team.

6 The sooner you leave, the earlier you will arrive.

7 The hotter it is, the more miserable I feel.

8 Reported speech: Câu tường thuật

*** Các dạng câu chuyển gián tiếp:

1 Câu mệnh lệnh,yêu cầu:

* Câu mệnh lệnh,yêu cầu có các dạng:

(please)?”

=>S+ told / asked/warned(cảnh báo) / begged (cầu xin) / ordered (ra lệnh) / reminded(nhắc nhở) + O + (not) toV…

Ex: “Listen carefully” The teacher said to us => The teacher

told/asked us to listen carefully

-“Don’t make noise, Jim” The perfect said => The perfect ordered Jim not to make noise

-“Would you mind putting out your cigarette?” said a woman

=>A woman reminded me to put out my cigarette

*Câu yêu cầu với động từ tường thuật “asked” có dạng:

Khi chuyển gián tiếp ta áp dụng công thức: S+ asked (+O) + for + st +

…

Ex: In the café, the man said: “I’d like a cup of tea” =>The man asked for a cup of tea