unit 1

Cách dùng chính: Thì hiện tại đơn được dùng để diễn tả: - Một thói quen, một hành động được lặp đi lặp lại thường xuyên.. Trong câu thường có các trạng từ: always, often, usually, someti

UNIT 1: A DAY IN THE LIFE OF … VŨ THỊ HỒNG PHẤN 2008

UNIT 1: A DAY IN THE LIFE OF …

☺ VOCABULARY

UNIT 1: A DAY IN THE LIFE OF … VŨ THỊ HỒNG PHẤN 2008

- bank (n): the side of the river: bờ

(sông, ruộng); ngân hàng

Ex: I dare you jump over to the

opposite bank

 bank (v):

 bank up a river: đắp bờ ngăn

sông

- buffalo (n): con trâu

 lead the buffalo

- crop (n) mùa vụ

- chat (v,n) = talk, gossip: tán gẫu,

nói chuyện phiếm

 chat show (n)

- fellow (n) bạn

- peasant (n) (=farmer) nông dân

- plot of land (n) mảnh đất nhỏ

- take a rest (v) nghỉ ngơi

- transplant (v) cấy

- go off (v): vang lên

- harrow (n,v): cái bừa

- plough = plow (n, v): cái cày

 ploughman = plowman (n): người

đi cày

- pump (n, v): ống bơm, máy bơm

 pumpage (n): năng xuất bơm

 pumper (n): one who pumps:

- content (v): làm vừa lòng, làm vừa

ý

 (n): trạng thái, nội dung

 contented (adj.) (with st): hài

lòng, mãn nguyện

 contentedly (adv)

 contentedness (n)

- occupation (n) nghề nghiệp

- biology (n) sinh học

- chemistry (n) hoá học

- civic education (n) giáo dục CD

- class meeting (n) sinh hoạt lớp

- geography (n) đại lý

- history (n) lịch sử

- information technology(n) CN TT

- literature (n) văn học

- maths (n) toán học

- physical education (n) thể dục

- physics (n) vật lý

- tenth-grade student (n) HS lớp 10

- timetable (n) thời khoá biểu

- cyclo (n) xe xích-lô

- district (n) quận

- drop (v): let st/ so fall: để (ai) xuống xe

- food stall (n): a small food shop: quầy thực phẩm

- immediately (adv) ngay lập tức

- park (v) đậu xe

- passenger (n): people who are travelling on a bus or a train: hành khách

- pedal (v/n): ride a bicycle or cyclo:

đạp/bàn đạp (xe đạp)

- purchase (n): things that you have bought; (v) = buy: vật/hàng hoá mua được

- announce (v): inform/ introduce = give public notice: thông báo Ex: They announced their engagement

to their family

 announcement (n)

 announcer (n): người thông báo

- stare death in the face: đối mặt với tử thần

- shake (v): rung, lắc

- choke (v) nghẹt thở (khói)

- cough (v) ho

- crowded (adj) đông đúc

- dip (v) = plunge or immerse: lao xuống, nhấn chìm, hạ xuống Ex: The birds rose and dipped in flight

 dip (n): a quick swim

- fasten (v): fix firmly, make fast: thắt, buộc

 fastening (n)

 fasten one’s eye on sb: dán mắt vào ai

 fastened (adj) = secured

- fright (n): sự hoảng sợ

 frighten (v)

 frightening, frightened (adj.)

 frightless (n) = fearless

- discotheque (n) vũ trường

- fire exit (n) lối thoát hiểm

- gain height tăng độ cao

- in danger trong tình trạng nguy hiểm

- land safely hạ cánh an toàn

- overjoyed (adj) (at): vui mừng khôn xiết

- panic (n): sự hoảng loạn, sự hốt hoảng

 in panic (idiom): hoảng loản, hốt hoảng

 to be in panic about st

 scream in panic la, hét trong hốt hoảng

- relieve (v): làm yên tâm

 to relieve so’s mind

 reliever (n): người an ủi, giải khuây

 relieved (adj) bớt căng thẳng

- seaside (n) bờ biển

- serve (v) phục vụ

- shake (v) rung, lắc

- suddenly (adv) đột nhiên

- stare (v) = look at sb/ st for a long time

 stare death in the face: đối mặt với tử thần

- as soon as (conj) ngay khi

- bean (n) hạt đậu

- give up (v): từ bỏ Ex: You should give yp smoking

- camp fire (n) lửa trại

- creep into (v) bò vào

- flow (v) (nước) chảy

- instead of (prep) thay vì

- leap out of (v) nhảy ra khỏi

- pea (n) hạt đậu Hà Lan

- put out (v) dập tắt

- put up (v) dựng lên

- realise (v) nhận ra

- stream (n) dòng suối

- tent (n) cái lều

- waste of time (n) sự lãng phí thời gian

- wind (its way) (v) lượn, uốn (dòng chảy)

- stew (v): cook st slowly: ninh, hầm, kho

- typical (adj.): điển hình

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UNIT 1: A DAY IN THE LIFE OF … VŨ THỊ HỒNG PHẤN 2008

☺ GRAMMAR

1 The present simple

a Cách thành lập

- Câu khẳng định S + V(s/es); S + am/is/are

- Câu phủ định S + do/does + not + V; S + am/is/are + not

- Câu hỏi Do/Does + S + V?; Am/Is/Are + S?

b Cách dùng chính: Thì hiện tại đơn được dùng để diễn tả:

- Một thói quen, một hành động được lặp đi lặp lại thường xuyên Trong câu thường có các trạng từ: always, often, usually, sometimes, seldom, rarely, every day/week/month …

Ex: Mary often gets up early in the morning

- Một sự thật lúc nào cũng đúng, một chân lý

Ex: The sun rises in the east and sets in the west

 Pronunciation of “S” ending: Chữ S tận cùng của 1 từ được phát âm như sau:

- Đọc âm /s/ khi s đứng sau các chữ, hoặc âm cuối là k, p, t, f Ex: looks, stops, starts

- Đọc âm /iz/ khi es đứng sau các chữ s, x, ch, sh, z Ex: dresses, teaches, washes

- Đọc âm /z/ khi s đứng sau những từ khác Ex: comes, goes, studies

2 Adverbs of frequency

Từ trạng từ chỉ sự thường xuyên: always (luôn luôn), usually (thường thường), sometimes/occasionally (thỉnh thoảng, đôi khi), often (thường), normally (thông thường), as a rule (như thường lệ), never (không bao giờ) Trạng từ chỉ sự thường xuyên đứng TRƯỚC động từ thường, SAU “to be”

Ex: He usually goes to bed at 10 p.m

He is often late for class

Cụm trạng từ chỉ sự thường xuyên: every night, once a (per) week, … có thể đứng đầu hoặc cuối câu

* Lưu ý: - As a rule đứng đầu câu.

- Usually, sometimes, often, occasionally có thể đứng đầu câu

Ex: Sometimes, I go to bed befor 9 p.m

- Nếu các trạng từ như “never, seldom, rarely, …” đứng ở đầu câu thì phải dùng đảo ngữ

Ex: I’m never late for school  Never am I late for school

3 The past simple

a Cách thành lập

- Câu khẳng định S + V2/ed; S + was/were

- Câu phủ định S + did + not + V; S + was/were + not

- Câu hỏi Did + S + V?; Was/Were + S?

b Cách dùng chính

Thì QKĐ dùng để diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra và hoàn tất trong quá khứ với thời gian được xác định rõ Các trạng từ thường đi kèm: yesterday, ago, last week/month/year, in the past, in 1990, …

Ex: Uncle Ho passed away in 1969

* Lưu ý: Xem lại động từ bất qui tắc!

 Pronunciation of “ED” ending: chữ ed tận cùng của động từ được phát âm như sau:

- Đọc âm /id/ sau động từ có chữ cuối là d, t Ex: wanted, needed

- Đọc âm /t/ sau động từ có chữ cuối là f, k, p, s và âm /∫/, /t∫/ Ex: worked, passed, washed

- Đọc âm /d/ sau động từ có chữ cuối khác những chữ trên Ex: opened, repaired, played

☺EXERCISES

I Use the right tense of the verbs in brackets:

UNIT 1: A DAY IN THE LIFE OF … VŨ THỊ HỒNG PHẤN 2008

6 Quan’s a good boy He (do) everything to please his parents

7 Rivers (follow) to the sea

8 you (know) that man, who (smoke) there?

9 She (win) the gold medal in 1986

10 He (teach) English in this school before he (left) for England

11 Whom you (talk) to when I came in? – I (talk) to my old friend

12 Who (give) her that book yesterday? – I (not know) his name

13 It was a fine day and the roads (be) crowded because a lot of people (rush) to the seaside

14 She didn’t want to meet Paul so when he (enter) the room she (leave)

15 He often (ride) bicycle, but when I last (see) him he (ride) motorbike

II Put the adverbs of frequency in brackets into the appropriate place in each of the following sentences:

1 We go shopping on Saturdays (usually)

2 I do that (never)

3 They come and stay with us (sometimes)

4 She is late for work (always)

5 I play tennis (occasionally)

6 Christine smokes after dinner (seldom)

7 Ramon is hungry (often)

8 Tom is very friendly (as a rule)

9 Water doesn’t help his father in the garden (rarely)

10 He listens to the radio (every evening)

11 My grandmother goes for walk (twice a week)

12 Peter gets angry (hardly)

13 We saw sweets in those days (never)

14 You should look where you’re going (always)

15 You are here when something happens (as a rule)

16 We saw this ghost (often)

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III Use the words provided to write complete sentences:

1 He/ get up/ 6 o’clock/ morning

2 He/ do/ morning exercises/ before/ breakfast

3 He/ ride/ school/ 6.30/ every day

4 He/ study/ Civic education/ 7.15/ Monday

5 He/ have/ physics class/ Tuesday/ Thursday

6 He/ have/ lunch/ home/ his family

7 He/ usually/ watch/ television/ dinner

8 He/ go bed/ 10 o’clock

IV Fill in each blank with an appropriate preposition of time: at, for, in, on, since:

1 I haven’t seen Jane ……… a few days I last saw her ……… Tuesday

2 There are usually a lot of parties ……… New Year’s Eve

3 The price of electricity is going up ……… October

4 Columbus made his first voyage from Europe to America ………… 1492

5 I’ve attended the English class ……… 14 February

6 We don’t like going out ……… night

7 They are repairing my motorbike It will be ready ……… thirty minutes

8 Mary and John came to the party ……… the same time

V Fill each gap in the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets:

1 He is (content) to stay in his present job for the time being

2 Please write your name, age, and (occupy) on the form

3 The girl felt quite (satisfy) with her examination results

4 I never feel very (comfort) in my employer’s presence

5 Our (fly) will arrive at Tan Son Nhat International Airport at 6.30

VI Choose the correct answer:

1 The mail ………… at this town in the morning

a has arrived b is arriving c arrives d is being arrived

2 Only the owner ……… a key to the office

a has b has had c is having d have

3 She ……… down the hill when I ……… her

a run – was seeing b had run – saw c was running – saw d was running – was seeing

4 Water ……… of hydrogen and oxygen

a composing b is composed c composes d has composed

5 When I ……… in, Shanti ……… a problem with a friend

a was coming – discuss b came – was discussing c had come - discussed d come – was discussing

6 All kind of wonderful toys ……… at that corner of the shop

a sold b was sold c were being sold d has sold

7 They were sleeping soundly when the thief ……… their bedroom

a entered b has entered c was being entered d was entering

8 If she ……… the ladder, ask her to return it as soon as possible

a is borrowing b borrows c have borrowed d borrowed

9 The guests ……… while I was still cooking

a arrived b was arriving c had arrived d arrive

10 That doctor ……… a clinic near my house

a has b has had c is having d have

11 ……… did Mr Vy feel? Very contented

a What b How c How much d Which

12 Lan was right ……… the middle of the crowd and could see nothing

a in b into c on d of

13 The fire alarm went off when smoke rose

15 Whenever I returned my village, I enjoy walking along tha paths where flowers are growing on the ………

of each side

a blank b banks c banking d blanket

16 Could you please tell me the ……… time when the meeting begins?

a exact b exactly c exactness d exacting

17 Two tons of rice ……… to the vitims of the flood yesterday

a sent b were sent c was sent d has been sent

18 He ……… very busy at the present He ……… free time to go out

a is often/ rarely has b often was/ had rarely c has often been/ has rarely d often is/ rarely has

19 The meeting is ……… 9 o’clock ……… Monday

a in/ at b on/ in c for/ on d at/ on

20 Which ……… does your company manufacture?

a produce b product c production d productive

Reading: Fill in each blank with one suitable word:

Wendy Tisdel (21) ……… from a family of educators Her father is a math teacher in San Antonio and her great aunt used (22) ……… a teacher in the Northeast Independent District School Growing up, she realised that teaching was “what I always wanted (23) ……….”

Currently in her fifth year of teaching, and her second year (24) ……… Ronald Reagan High School, Ms Tisdel (25) ……… two Algebra II and two Advanced Placement Statistics classes She (26) ……… all other math classes

at her previous school, John Marshall High School

Her day at Reagan consists (27) ……… a morning planning period, two classes, lunch and an afternoon

curriculum writing block The school is (28) ……… an every-other-day block schedule: on “A” days, Ms Tisdel teaches her two Algebra II classes; and on “B” days, she teaches AP Statistics

21 a come b coming c will come d comes

22 a be b being c was d to be

23 a doing b to do c does d do

24 a from b at c of d with

25 a plays b does c takes d leads

26 a taught b teaches c teaching d teach

27 a on b with c of d by

28 a of b in c for d on

1 for on, 2 on, 3 in, 4 in, 5 since, 6 at, 7 in, 8 at

1 contented, 2 occupation, 3 satisfied, 4 comfortable, 5 flight

1c,2a, 3c, 4b, 5b, 6c, 7a, 8b, 9a, 10a, 11b, 12a, 13c, 14d, 15b, 16a, 17c, 18a, 19d, 20b, 21d, 22d, 23b, 24b, 25c, 26a, 27c, 28d