PowerPoint Slides t/a Management: A Pacific Rim Focus Enhanced Edition.. PowerPoint Slides t/a Management: A Pacific Rim Focus Enhanced Edition.. PowerPoint Slides t/a Management: A Paci
Trang 1© 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint
Slides t/a Management: A Pacific Rim Focus
Enhanced Edition Slides prepared by David
Meacheam & George Sansbury
1
CHAPTER 15
MANAGING GROUPS
Trang 2© 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint
Slides t/a Management: A Pacific Rim Focus
Enhanced Edition Slides prepared by David
Meacheam & George Sansbury
2
Lecture outline
• Foundations of work groups
• Work-group inputs
• Work-group processes
• Task forces and teams
Trang 3© 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint
Slides t/a Management: A Pacific Rim Focus
Enhanced Edition Slides prepared by David
Meacheam & George Sansbury
3
Foundations of work groups
Work group:
Two or more interdependent individuals interacting and
influencing each other in collective pursuit of a common goal
Trang 4© 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint
Slides t/a Management: A Pacific Rim Focus
Enhanced Edition Slides prepared by David
Meacheam & George Sansbury
4
Foundations of work groups
Types of work groups:
• Formal
Group officially created by an organisation for a specific purpose.
• Informal
Group established by employees (not the
organisation) to serve members’ interests or social needs.
Trang 5© 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint
Slides t/a Management: A Pacific Rim Focus
Enhanced Edition Slides prepared by David
Meacheam & George Sansbury
5
Foundations of work groups
Formal groups:
Group officially created by an organisation for a specific purpose.
• Command/functional
• Task groups:
– Permanent
– Temporary.
Trang 6© 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint
Slides t/a Management: A Pacific Rim Focus
Enhanced Edition Slides prepared by David
Meacheam & George Sansbury
6
Foundations of work groups
Informal groups:
Group established by employees (not the
organisation) to serve members’ interests or
social needs.
• Interest groups
• Friendship groups
Trang 7© 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint
Slides t/a Management: A Pacific Rim Focus
Enhanced Edition Slides prepared by David
Meacheam & George Sansbury
7
Work group inputs
• Group composition
Heterogenous/homogenous
• Group roles
Task, maintenance, self-oriented
• Group size
Size & interaction, size & performance
• Leader emergence
Formal or informal
Trang 8© 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint
Slides t/a Management: A Pacific Rim Focus
Enhanced Edition Slides prepared by David
Meacheam & George Sansbury
8
Work group inputs
Group composition:
• Homogenous
Pluses: easily formed/maintained
Minuses: Lack of diversity/innovation
• Heterogenous
Pluses: Innovative/diverse
Minuses: Co-ordination & consensus difficult
Trang 9© 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint
Slides t/a Management: A Pacific Rim Focus
Enhanced Edition Slides prepared by David
Meacheam & George Sansbury
9
Work group inputs
Group roles:
• Task roles
Initiator, info-seeker, info-giver, co-ordinator, orientor, energiser
• Maintenance roles
Encourager, harmoniser, gatekeeper, standard setter, observer, follower
• Self-oriented roles
Aggressor, blocker, recognition-seeker, dominator
Trang 10© 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint
Slides t/a Management: A Pacific Rim Focus
Enhanced Edition Slides prepared by David
Meacheam & George Sansbury
10
Work group inputs
Group size:
• Size and group interactions
• Size and group performance
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Slides t/a Management: A Pacific Rim Focus
Enhanced Edition Slides prepared by David
Meacheam & George Sansbury
11
Work group inputs
Leadership of groups:
• Formal leader
• Informal leader
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Slides t/a Management: A Pacific Rim Focus
Enhanced Edition Slides prepared by David
Meacheam & George Sansbury
12
Work group processes
• Group norms
• Group cohesiveness
• Group development
Trang 13© 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint
Slides t/a Management: A Pacific Rim Focus
Enhanced Edition Slides prepared by David
Meacheam & George Sansbury
13
Work group processes
Group norms:
Expected behaviours sanctioned by a group that regulate and foster uniform member behaviour.
• Explicit statements
• Critical events
• Carry-over behaviours
Trang 14© 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint
Slides t/a Management: A Pacific Rim Focus
Enhanced Edition Slides prepared by David
Meacheam & George Sansbury
14
Work group processes
Group cohesion:
Degree to which members are attracted to a group, are motivated to remain in it and, are mutually
influenced by one another.
Key aspects:
• Values, attitudes, external threats, accessibility, size.
Trang 15© 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint
Slides t/a Management: A Pacific Rim Focus
Enhanced Edition Slides prepared by David
Meacheam & George Sansbury
15
Work group processes
Group development:
Forming Storming Norming Performing Adjourning
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Slides t/a Management: A Pacific Rim Focus
Enhanced Edition Slides prepared by David
Meacheam & George Sansbury
16
Task forces & teams
Task force:
Temporary task group formed to recommend on a specific issue
Team:
Temporary or ongoing task group with members charged to work together to identify problems, identify approach and implement necessary actions
May be: Entrepreneurial, self-managing, virtual.
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Slides t/a Management: A Pacific Rim Focus
Enhanced Edition Slides prepared by David
Meacheam & George Sansbury
17
Task forces & teams
Virtual teams:
Physically dispersed work group using information
technology as a means to interact, but rarely, if ever, meeting physically
Trang 18© 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint
Slides t/a Management: A Pacific Rim Focus
Enhanced Edition Slides prepared by David
Meacheam & George Sansbury
18
Task forces & teams
Virtual teams require:
• Appropriate reward systems
• Continual training
• Clear team processes
• Strong technological support
• High level, cultural diversity & trust
• Leaders modelling technology use and high
performance.
Trang 19© 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint
Slides t/a Management: A Pacific Rim Focus
Enhanced Edition Slides prepared by David
Meacheam & George Sansbury
19
Lecture summary
• Foundations of work groups
– Formal
– Informal
• Work-group inputs
– Composition
– Roles
– Size
– Leader emergence
Trang 20© 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint
Slides t/a Management: A Pacific Rim Focus
Enhanced Edition Slides prepared by David
Meacheam & George Sansbury
20
Lecture summary
• Work-group processes
– Cohesiveness
– Development
• Task forces & teams
– Task force
– Team
– Virtual team