Knitting Machines - knitted fabric Manufacturing Process

Fleece --- A fabric knitted with two types of yarn.. Types of Fleece Two thread fleece  Three Thread Fleece... Two thread Fleece Very rare  Was popular when three thread fleece were

Single Knit Machine Working

 Single bed of needle

Double Knit Machines

 Cylinder and Dial

 Two bed of needles

 No sinker

 Double side knitting

Interlock

 Highly flexible fabric

 Can adopt any body shape

 Used for under garments

 Soft hand feel

Rib

 More strength

 For grip purposes

 Used at neck, arm opening, waist band

 Always heavier than main fabric

Stripes

 Feed stripes

 Engineered stripes

Terry

 To have towel effect

 Velour fabric

Loop Knitting

 Fleece

 Two thread fleece

 Three thread fleece

Jacquard

 Mostly double knit machines

 Electronic

 Mechanical

 Single Knitting Machines

 Single jersey

 Fleece

 Terry

 Stripes

Jersey Knitting

 Jersey Fabric

 The consistent interlooping of yarns in the jersey stitch to produces a fabric with a smooth, flat face, and a more textured, but uniform back Jersey

fabrics may be produced on either circular or flat weft knitting machines

Single Jersey 30"/E22

Fleece Fabric

End Use :

 A fabric made by sheep wool, soft warm

 A fabric soft , warm bulky

 Generally used to:

 Protection from cold

 Sweat absorption (sweat shirt)

 Baby clothes

Fleece

- A fabric knitted with two types of yarn Fine yarn is on front side and course yarn on back side In most of cases fine yarn is 100%

cotton while course yarn is P/C 50:50

 Normal combination and fiber ratio:

 30/16, 20/10, 26/12 etc

 PC/C, C/PC

Types of Fleece

 Two thread fleece

 Three Thread Fleece

Two thread Fleece

 Very rare

 Was popular when three thread fleece were not common

 Generally not liked due to impassion of

course yarn on front side

 Low quality product

 Made on single jersey machines

 Maximum medium weight, since very course yarn difficult to use

 Long loop is difficult

Cam Arrangement

 On Fleece fabric.doc three needle track machine:

CHARACTERISTICS OF TWO THEAD FLEECE

 Light to medium weight

 Double impact on front side, particularly in case of different fibers

 No good brushing possible due to short

length of loop

Three Thread Fleece

 Made on fleece machines

 High grammage is possible( 500 GSM)

 High brushing due to long loop on back side

 Maximum course yarn is possible ( up to 10 count)

on back side

 Very common in use

 Fleece machine guage is 16 or 18

 C/PC

 PC/C

30/16, 22/12/ 20/10

Total consumption three kgs

Calculation:

 front yarn 2 kgs 100 % cotton

 Back yarn 1 kg ( ½ Kg polyester and ½ kg cotton

 Total Cotton consumed 2 + 0.5 =2.5 Kgs

 Total polyester consumed ½ kg

 Ratio: cotton= 2.5/3*100= 83.33%

 Polyester= 0.53*100=16.66%

 Such ratio is normally called 80:20 Fleece

Main characteristics of Three

 Highly absorbent

 High weight is possible

 Can use entirely different yarn on both sides( even dyed yarn)

 Pattern is possible ( diagonal stripes etc)

Fleece problems and their remedies

 Uneven loop – control yarn supply

 Loop stretch– control cam tension

 Needle line on front side

 Wales thickness variation on front side due to fluff contamination between the needles,

needs regular cleaning, more cleaning is

required due to course yarn

 Poor brushing–due to high TPI yarn– use low TPI

 Dyeing variation due to different percentage

of yarn… calculate exact % by using Skelton test

 Steak problem after dyeing due to heavy

weight fabric - use anti creasing agents in

dyeing

 High shrinkage - use compactor or tumble dryers

Other types of fleece

 Sherpa fleece - brushed and washed to get

balls

 Polar fleece loops on both sides also

brushed on both side

Double Face loop Knitting

Loop knits

 Terry fabric to knitted terry towel