cutting machines in apparel production

STRAIGHT KNIFE CUTTING MACHINESTRAIGHT KNIFE CUTTING It is small band with Grinder/sharpening material on it and its main function is to sharpen the blade.. STRAIGHT KNIFE CUTTING MACHI

Computerized Cutting Machine

Knife Cutting Machine

Laser Cutting Machine

Water Jet Cutting Machine Air jet Cutting Machine

Ultrasonic Cutting Machine. 

Plasma Torch cutting Machine

Hand Scissors

Different Types of Fabric Cutting Machine:

According to the operating process, the Cutting Machine can be

classified into three types Such as-

Manual

Semi- Automatic

Automatic / Computerized

CUTTING MACHINE

STRAIGHT KNIFE CUTTING

MACHINE

The Straight knife cutting

machine consists of a;

1.base plate,

2 an upright stand to hold

the vertical blade,

3 motor,

4 a handle for moving

assembly,

5 a sharpening device and

6 a handle to transfer the

whole assembly from one

place to another

STRUCTURE OF STRAIGHT

KNIFE CUTTING MACHINE:

STRAIGHT KNIFE CUTTING

MACHINE

• Motor power drives the

reciprocating blade and

• operator power drives the

knife through the lay

KINDS OF POWER ARE REQUIRED TO

OPERATE A STRAIGHT KNIFE.

CUTTING MACHINE PARTS INVOLVED

IN CUTTING 5 Base plate

6 Moving handle

7 Transport handle

STRAIGHT KNIFE CUTTING MACHINE

STRAIGHT KNIFE CUTTING

It is small band with Grinder/sharpening material

on it and its main function is to sharpen the

blade

Motor

Motor r.p.m is 3000 to 4000 and its main

function is to move blade up and down and also slightly in front direction to create a stroke on

fabric

Knife cut the fabric very fast due to high speed of motor That increases the risk of fabric damage

STRAIGHT KNIFE CUTTING MACHINE

STRAIGHT KNIFE CUTTING

MACHINEFabric presser

It is a device in the machine which hold the

layers of the fabric tight so than it will easy for cutter to cut the fabric

STRAIGHT KNIFE CUTTING

•Higher lay of height can be cut very easily.

•Round corners can be cut more precisely than

even round knife.

•Production speed is very good.

•Garments components can be directly separated from fabric lay.

STRAIGHT KNIFE CUTTING

Faulty knife could damage fabric layer

Motor weight creates knife deflection which may

be creates faulty pieces

Risk is high for physical damage of operator

Knife required to replace

ROUND KNIFE CUTTING

MACHINE

ROUND KNIFE CUTTING

MACHINE

ROUND KNIFE CUTTING

MACHINE

ROUND KNIFE CUTTING

MACHINE

Features of Round Knife Cutting Machine:

• It contains a round but slightly octagonal type knife with sharp edge

• The other main parts of this machine are base plate, electric motor, handle & knife guard

• Knife diameter varies from 6-20 cm

• Manual grinder is used

• Motor r.p.m is 800-1600 It depends on machine

• A handle for the cutter to direct the knife

• Easy to handle & movement due to low weight

• Knife is lubricating manually

• Base plate gives support for fabric

• Maximum 40% of the knife diameter can be used for fabric lay

Round knife cutting machine

Advantage of Round Knife Cutting Machine:

• Suitable for cutting single ply as well as

multilayer (say 20-30layers).

• Easy to handle & operate

• Suitable for small scale cutting

• Suitable for gentle curve line cutting

• To cut the larger part of the garments

• With a same r.p.m its efficiency is 10

times greater than the straight knife.

ROUND KNIFE CUTTING

MACHINE

Round knife cutting machine

ROUND KNIFE CUTTING

MACHINE

Disadvantage of Round Knife Cutting

Machine :

• Very low r.p.m & knife height

• Manual grinder is used

• Low productivity since few number of lay can be cut

• Difficult to cut small components & high curve line

• Not suitable for large production

• Lubrication is manually done

Uses/Application of Round Knife Cutting Machine:

It’s useful for gentle curve line cutting, big parts cutting, cutting out fabric block from lay & small scale cutting It’s normally use for small

production

NOTCHER CUTTING MACHINE

Hand Notcher

Notcher machine

Notcher cutting machine

Features of Notcher Machine:

• A knife notcher is an upright, cylindrical

device which cuts the side of a block to a predetermined distance

• Both straight notches and V notches are

available

• An alternative machine, the hot notcher,

incorporates a heating element in order that the blade may slightly scorch the

fibers adjacent to the notch in order to

prevent it fraying and disappearing

• This cannot be used with thermoplastic

fibers or certain unlined garments

NOTCHER CUTTING MACHINE

Dis-advantages of Notcher Machine:

• Only use to make notch to the fabric

• Thermoplastic fiber can’t cut by this machine

• The use of machine is limited

Advantages of Notcher Machine:

It is a special type of cutting machine & use in

special case

Useful to cut small notch to the fabric

It is most useful to make consistency in notching

Uses/Application of Notcher Machine: 

To make the notch mark on the fabric

NOTCHER CUTTING MACHINE

BAND KNIFE CUTTING

MACHINE

• Band Knife cutting machine is look like a

wood cutter machine

• Band knife is used for precision cutting small

parts of garment.

• This band knife cutting machine has lower

noise , less temperature up , high power , less vibration and auto sharpening device.

BAND KNIFE CUTTING

MACHINE

Main Features;

• This machine worked as saw mill technique

• Not possible to cut fabric directly from lay

• Block pieces of fabric required in bundle from to cut by this machine

• Blade moving vertically through a flat working table

• Machine remains stationery and fabric is moveable

• It comprises a series of three or more pulleys, which provide the continuous rotating motion of the knife

• An endless knife is used here

• Knife is usually narrower than on a straight knife

• A large size of table is used to support the fabric & for

cutting

BAND KNIFE CUTTING

MACHINE

Main Features;

• Air blower blows the air to minimize the weight of fabric

• Balls in air blower help to move the fabric in different

direction

• Automatic grinder is used

• In this method machine is stationary but fabric is movable

• High speed r.p.m motor is used

• Required a large space for it

• This is like a saw mill cutter

• Knife life time depends on fabric type & uses of machine

BAND KNIFE CUTTING

MACHINE

BAND KNIFE CUTTING

MACHINE

Advantages of Band Knife Cutting Machine:

• Suitable for any types of line

• Very large productivity for limited product

• Such as collars, cuff, placket etc

• Automatic grinder grind the knife instantly

• Air blower helps to reduce the fabric weight which increases smooth movement of fabric

• Possible to cut 900 angle of the lay

• Intensity of accident is low

Disadvantages of Band Knife Cutting Machine:

• Not suitable for large component due to the length of the table

• Work load is high as machine is stationary & fabric is movable

• Running cost is higher, Fabric wastage is high.

Required fix space

• Not possible to cut fabric directly

DRILL CUTTING MACHINE

Features of Drill Machine:

• The drill mounting includes a motor, a base plate with a hole to allow the drill to pass through, and a spirit level to ensure that the base is horizontal and hence the drill vertical.

• The momentum of drill is completed at 90 angle in the fabric lay by ̊ angle in the fabric lay by the level of sprit

• On many fabrics the drill is used cold and the hole remains visible

until the sewing operator comes to use it

• For tightly woven fabric the hole is permanent for a long time

• On looser weave fabrics, where the hole may close up, a hot drill is used, which will slightly scorch or fuse the edges of the hole to make

it permanent for a long time

• A hypodermic (or dye spot) drill may also be used which leaves a

small deposit of paint on ply of fabric to find the mark place easily.

• All drill holes must eventually be concealed by the construction of the garments

DRILL CUTTING MACHINE

Advantage of Drill Machine:

• This machine is needed to mark on the end of components

of dresses specially for setting pocket, dart & so on

• It can make the hole permanently for a long

Dis-advantage of Drill Machine:

• The use of machine is limited

Uses/Application of Drill Machine:

• It is used to make hole on the fabric for button attaching &

to make reference mark for attaching different small

components on the garments

WATER JET CUTTING

MACHINE

A water jet cutter, also

known as a waterjet, is a

tool capable of slicing into

metal or other materials

(such as granite) using a jet

of water at high velocity

and pressure, or a mixture

of water and an abrasive

substance The process is

essentially the same as

water erosion found in

nature but greatly

accelerated and

concentrated

Advantages to Waterjet Cutting

Waterjet cutting has many applications, and there are many reasons why waterjet cutting is preferable over other cutting methods Listed below are several advantages, along with a brief explanation

• In waterjet cutting, there is no heat generated

• This is especially useful for cutting tool steel and other

metals where excessive heat may change the properties of the material

• Unlike machining or grinding, waterjet cutting does not

produce any dust or particles that are harmful if inhaled

• The kerf width in waterjet cutting is very small, and very

little material is wasted

WATER JET CUTTING

MACHINE

Disadvantages of water jet cutting machine:

• One of the main disadvantages of water jet cutting is that a limited number of materials can be cut economically

• While it is possible to cut tool steels, and other hard

materials, the cutting rate has to be greatly reduced, and the time to cut a part can be very long Because of this, water jet cutting can be very costly and outweigh the advantages.

• Another disadvantage is that very thick parts can not be cut with water jet cutting and still hold dimensional accuracy.

• If the part is too thick, the jet may dissipate some, and cause

it to cut on a diagonal, or to have a wider cut at the bottom

of the part than the top

• It can also cause a ruff wave pattern on the cut surface.

WATER JET CUTTING

MACHINE

Feature of Die cutter

Machine:

• Fast die change and

set-uptimes

• Driven pinch rollers

• In feed and out feed

Advantages of Die Cutter:

• Very accurate and excellent for small

components

• The greater the blade movement , the faster

the blade cuts the fabric & the more rapidly

• The operate can be easily & push the Machine

Die Cutter Uses:

• Mainly used for mass production of slow

change items

• Dies having the exact shape of the garment

pieces

• Some dies are sued over a long period

DIE CUTTING MACHINE

This methods provides the most accurate possible cutting , at

high speed,.

• A typical computer system has a table with a cutting surface

consisting of nylon bristles which support the fabric lays but are flexible enough to permit penetration and movement of the knife blade which is supported only on the top

• The bristles also allow the passage of air through the table to

create a vacuum, reducing the height of the lay and holding

it in place

• It is ideal for placing notches in a lay and has a depth

adjustment guide to stop you notching too deeply It has

a depth capacity of 200mm and selectable temperatures of

300, 400 or 500oC.

COMPUTER CONTROLLED KNIFE

CUTTING

Very active & fast cutting by computer controlled system.Suitable for very large-scale production.

Speed of cutting can be controlled

Cutting defects are less than other

Less labor cost

No need of marker paper

COMPUTER CONTROLLED KNIFE

CUTTING

Disadvantages

Very expensive machine

Higher maintenance cost

• Laser cutting processing depends on its precise

processing, faster, simple operation, high degree

of automation has been widely used in the leather and textile garment industry.

• Laser cutting machine is not only with low price,

low consume, more over laser processing doesn't have mechanical stress to the work piece, so the precision and cutting speed of the cut products'

result are very well.

LASER CUTTING MACHINE

• Very High Speed Cutting

• Suitable for single ply cutting

LASER CUTTING MACHINE

Disadvantages

• Not suitable for cutting multi

layer of fabric

• Not suitable for synthetic

fabric possibility of burning.

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