Textile Yarn Manufacturing

YARN SIZE / NUMBER1 Direct System Weight in grams of 9000 meters of yarn Denier Tex Decitex Weight in grams of 1000 meters of yarn Weight in grams of 10000 meters of yarn 2 Indirect Sys

Yarn Manufacturing

What is Textile?

 Textile refers to any material made of interlacing fibers; hence textile raw

materials are those fibers capable of being converted into yarns and fabrics

 Cellulosic fiber: Cotton, Bast fibers, Leaf

fibers, Coir, Kapok

 Protein fiber: Silk, Wool, Mohair,

Cashmere, Camel hair

 Synthetic fiber: Nylon, Nomex, Kevlar,

Polyester, Acrylic

 Mineral and Organic fiber: Glass, Metallic

fiber and Carbon fiber

 Length: must be several hundred times the width, to

gives the necessary flexibility which enables them to

be spun into yarns.

 Tenacity or strength: to withstand the stresses

during spinning and weaving.

 Elongation: specified as percentage of starting point

and it is importance since textile product without elasticity would hardly be usable.

 Uniformity: fibers should have the same length,

width and flexibility to produce even yarns

generic term for a continuous strand of textile fibers, filaments or material in a form suitable for knitting, weaving or otherwise intertwining to form textile fabric

texture, and also vary in other characteristics Performance and end use of the fabrics are

affected by these yarn characteristics

TYPES OF YARN

 Staple or filament

 Single or plied or cord

 Simple or complex

DIRECTION OF YARN

 Yarns are twisted to hold the fiber together.

YARN SIZE / NUMBER

1) Direct System

Weight in grams of 9000 meters of yarn Denier

Tex Decitex

Weight in grams of 1000 meters of yarn Weight in grams of 10000 meters of yarn

2) Indirect System

1 hank = 840 yards

YARN SIZE / NUMBER

1 9,000 meters of yarn weighs 40 grams,

it is 40 denier yarns The higher the number of denier, tex or decitex, the coarser the yarn

2 10 hanks of cotton yarn that weight one

pound, this is 10s (count) yarn The higher the number of yarn count, the finer the yarn

YARN MANUFACTURING

PROCESS

BLOWROOM

CARDING

DRAWING

ROVING

RING FRAME

COMBING

 first step of cotton yarn

production

 for opening, cleaning and

dust removal, blending,

and prepared for carding

process.

CARDING

DRAWING

ROVING

RING FRAME

COMBING BLOWROOM

FUNCTIONS:

CARDING

DRAWING

ROVING

RING FRAME

COMBING BLOWROOM

Main Parts:

1 Taker in - to open flocks out

of the feed batt, to lead them

to the dirt-eliminating parts

under the roller and to deliver

them to the main cylinder

2 Main cylinder - separate the

fibers, pull them into

somewhat parallel form.

3 Doffer - to take the individual

fibers from the main cylinder

and condense them to web

form

CARDING

CARDING

DRAWING

ROVING

RING FRAME

COMBING BLOWROOM

Functions:

 To improve evenness of the sliver

 To arrange fiber in parallel

 Blending

 Dust removal

CARDING

DRAWING

ROVING

RING FRAME

COMBING BLOWROOM

by removing the short fibers

Combed yarn is stronger,

more uniform, has greater

shine, smoother and purer

 Eliminate short fibers

 Eliminate remaining impurities

 Eliminate neps

CARDING

DRAWING

ROVING

RING FRAME

COMBING BLOWROOM

Functions:

increase the strength of slivers

package that can be transported,

stored and used on the ring

spinning

CARDING

DRAWING

ROVING

RING FRAME

COMBING BLOWROOM

 Attenuate the roving until required

fineness is achieved

 To impact strength to the fiber strand

by twisting it

 To wind up the resulting yarn in a

suitable for storage, transportation and further processing

CARDING

DRAWING

ROVING

RING FRAME

COMBING BLOWROOM

Front zone draft

Middle zone draft

Back zone draft