* ALWAYS with progressive: always dùng với thì tiếp diễn để diễn tả sự kiện thường xuyên xảy ra với sự khơng hài lịng hay than phiền, phàn nàn Ex: He is always coming to work late3. 3,
Trang 1REVISE SEMESTER II ENGLISH 8 SCHOOL YEAR: 2010 - 2011 PART I; GRAMMAR
A, TENSES:
1, Present tense (thì hiện tại) 2, Past tenses(Thì quá khứ)
(+)S + Vs/Ves + O (+) S + V-ed / V(2) + O
(-) S + don’t /doesn’t +V + O (-) S + didn’t + V + O
Key words: every, always, usually, often , Key words : last, yesterday, ago…
sometimes………
Ex: My father gets up at five every morning Last year, my family went to Nghe An
I don’t like fish He didn’t go to school yesterday
Does he have lunch at 11am.? When did they leave?
3 Present progressive (thì hiện tại tiếp diễn)
(+) S + am/is/are + V-ing Ex: He is reading a book at the moment.
(-) S + am not/isn’t/aren’t +V-ing I’m not studying English now.
(?) Am/Is/Are + S +V-ing…? What are you doing now?
Key words: now, at the moment, at present, today, this week,…
* ALWAYS with progressive: always dùng với thì tiếp diễn để diễn tả sự kiện thường xuyên xảy ra với sự
khơng hài lịng hay than phiền, phàn nàn (Ex: He is always coming to work late.)
3, Past progressive ( Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn )
* Diễn tả hành động đang sảy ra tịa một thời điểm trong quá khứ hay 1 hành động đang diễn ra một hành động khác chen vào với When và while.
(+) S + was /were + V-ing Ex: Last night when I was doing homework, the
(-) S + wasn’t /weren’t + V-ing electricity went out.
(?) Was /Were + S + V-ing….? Ex: What were you doing at 2 p.m yesterday?
4, Future tenses (Thì tương lai đơn)
(+) S + will / shall + V + ………… Ex: He will finish his homework tomorrow
(-) S+ won’t / shan’t + V + ……… Lan won’t go to the zoo next week.
(?) Will / Shall + S + V + ……… ? Will you do this exercise ?
Key words : tomorrow, next + TG, tonight, Thí + TG…
5, Present perfect(Thì hiện tại hồn thành)
* Diễn tả hanhhf động kéo dài từ quá khứ đến hiện tại hoặc tương lai, hay hành động kết thúc khơng rõ thời điểm trong quá khứ.
(+) S + Have /Has +V3/ed Ex: You have studied English for 4 years.
(-) S + Haven’t /Hasn’t + V3/ed She hasn’t studied English since 2003.
(? ) Have / Has + S +V3/ed Has your father planted trees ye t ?
Key words : since, for, just, already, yet… Ex: I have already finished this work.
B The passive form
Form: S + BE + Vpp /V-ed (past participle) + by + O
Note:- Khi chủ ngữ câu chủ động là: THEY, PEOPLE, SOMEONE, NO ONE, ANYONE……… thì khi đổi sang câu bị động khơng cĩ By agent N hưng khi danh từ làm chủ ngữ bắt buộc phải cĩ agent
Tenses Active form ( chủ động) Passive form ( bị động)
1/Simple present S + V(-s/es) + O S + am/is/are +V-ed/V3 + by O
2/Simple past S + V-ed/V2 + O S + was/were +V-ed/V3 + by O
Trang 23/Present progressive S + am/is/are + V-ing S + is/are + BEING + V-ed/V3 +……by O
4/Past progressive S + was/were + V-ing S + was/were + BEING + V-ed/V3 +…by O
5/Present perfect S + have/has + V-ed/V3+O S + have/has +BEEN+V-ed/V3 + by O
6/Simple Future S + will + V(bare-inf) + O S + will + BE +V-ed/V 3 + by O
- Với động từ đặc biệt (modal verbs): CAN, MUST, MAY, MIGHT, SHOULD, WILL,…
7/ S + modal verb + BE + V-ed / V3 ……
Ex: 1/ John prepares his lessons carefully His lessons are prepared carefully by John.
2/Thomas Edison invented the photograph The photograph was invented by Thomas Edison.
2/They didn’t help me to do the work I wasn’t helped to do the work.
5/His father has collected stamps for ten years Stamps has been collected for ten years by his father 5/Nobody has used this machine for years This machine hasn’t been used for years.
6/Our team will win the game tomorrow The game will be won by our team tomorrow.
7/You must do this exercise carefully This exercise must be done carefully.
7’/ The secretary is going to fax the letters The letters are going to be faxed by the secretary.
C Reported speech ( lời nói trần thuật) là câu thuật lại một cách gián tiếp lời nói của người khác
- Nếu động từ tường thuật ở thì hiện tại thì thì của động từ chính được giữ nguyên khi chuyển lời nói trực tiếp sang gián tiếp.Trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn,thời gian và đại từ chỉ định được giữ nguyên.
Ex: “I’m arriving at 6:00” says she – She says (that) she’s arriving at 6:00.
-Nếu động từ thường thuật (reporting verb) của câu ở thì quá khứ thì phải lùi động từ chính về một bậc khi
chuyển từ lời nói trực tiếp (direct speech) sang lời nói gián tiếp (indirect / reported speech) theo quy tắc sau :
Direct speech Reported speech
will would
must had to shall should
* Một số chuyển đổi khác: Khi chuyển từ lời nói trực tiếp sang gián tiếp mà động từ tường thuật ở thì quá khứ thì các trạng từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn và đại từ chỉ định được chuyển đổi theo quy tắc sau :
Direct speech Reported speech
today / tonight that day / that night
tomorrow the following day/ the day after/ the next day
yesterday the day before /the previous day
ago / now before / then
next/ on Monday the next/ following Monday
last Monday the previous Monday / the Monday before
the day after tomorrow in two days’ time / two days later
Một số loại câu tường thuật
1 Yes- No questions: (câu hỏi yes-no)
Form: S + asked + ( O ) + if/ whether + S + V ( lùi 1 thì )
Ex: “ Do you see new friends?” he said to me → He asked if I saw new friends.
2 Statements : ( câu kể )
Form : S + said + ( that ) + S + V (l ùi 1 thì )
told + O
Trang 3Ex: “ I’m leaving here tomorrow,” said Mary
- Mary said (that) she was leaving there the following day.
3 Requests, commands/advice : (câu mệnh lệnh)
Form : S + asked /told …+ O + ( NOT) to-inf.
Ex:“Please wait for me here, Lisa.” Peter said –Peter told Mary to wait for him there.
“Don’t talk in class!” the teacher said -The teacher told the children not to talk in class
D Phrases of purpose : (cụm từ dùng để diễn tả mục đích)
(+) to / in order to / so as to + V(inf.)
Ex: I study English in order to communicate with foreigners
(-) in order not to / so as not to + V(inf.)
Ex: He gets up early so as not to be late for school.
E -ed and -ing participle ( Quá khứ và hiện tại phân từ )
- Hiện tại phân từ “V- ING” còn gọi là phân từ tác động Ex: His job is boring.
- Quá khứ phân từ “ V-ED/V3” còn gọi là phân từ bị tác động Ex: This clock is broken.
* Quá khứ và hiện tại phân từ : Đứng trước danh từ, hoặc sau động từ liên kết
Ex: A tired worker is sleeping on the chair The story is interesting
* Quá khứ và hiện tại phân từ: được dùng để rút gọn mệnh đề tính từ
Ex: The boy is in my class He’s reading a book → The boy reading a book is in my class
There are many books They are written in English → There are many books written in English
F Compound nouns ( danh từ kép): N1 – V_ing – N2
Ex: It’s a rice-cooking contest
G Would you mind/Do you mind ?
*Yêu cầu ai làm gì : Would you mind/ Do you mind + V-ing ?
Ex : Woud you mind opening the window?
* Xin phép ai làm gì: Would you mind if I + V ( simple past )
Do you mind if I + V ( simple present)
Ex: Would you mind if I used your phone?
Do you mind if I use your phone?
H … find + O + Adj …
Ex: I find your magazine very informative
I Sử dụng nguyên mẫu không “to” ( Bare inf )
1.Sau cụm từ :would rather ( thà rằng , thích hơn )
Ex: :They would rather have you in their class
2.Sau cụm từ :Had better ( nên ).
Ex: They had better tell me the truth.
3 Ở thể truyền khiến ( causative form ) sai,bảo,nhờ,→Dùng với “have”
* S + have/has + NGƯỜI + V(bare inf ).
* S + have/has + VẬT + V3/V-ed.
Ex: He had his father fix his watch.
He had his watch fixed.
4.Trong cấu trúc :S + ( make/let ) + O + bare inf
Ex:He made me do it
Let me go
5.Sau các động từ khiếm khuyết :can , may , must , will , shall,should, would …
Ex: They may stay at home.
J Sử dụng nguyên mẫu có “to” (to inf )
1 Trong cấu trúc : It + be + adj + to inf.
( Các tính từ thường dùng cho cấu trúc này là : happy, eager, ready, glad, anxious, nice, kind, difficult, easy,
….)
Ex: It’s difficult to make friends in a new school
Trang 42 Trong cấu trúc: Have a chance / an opportunity + to inf (Có cơ hội / dịp để làm việc gì …)
Ex: My father had a chance to go abroad
3 Trong cấu trúc : S + be + adj + enough + to inf
Ex: : Tom is old enough to go to school by bicycle.
4 Trong cấu trúc : S + be + too + adj + to inf
Ex: They are too young to work hard
5 Sau những động từ: agree, arrange(sắp xếp), ask, decide, help, hope, offer(ngỏ ý), plan(vạch kế hoạch), prepare(chuẩn bị), promise(hứa), want, wish, volunteer(tình nguyện)……
Ex: I’ve arranged to play tennis tomorrow afternoon.
6.ask, decide, know, remember, forget, explain , learn, understand, wonder + what / where / when / how + to-inf.
Ex: I don’t know what to do.
7 show / tell / ask / advise / teach someone what / how / where to do something
Ex: Can you show me how to use this machine?
K Sử dụng nguyên mẫu thêm ing ( V_ing )
1.Sau các giới từ ( prepositions ) : in , at , for , of , about , by , with , without , on ,…
Ex:The eighth form pupils are interested in reading books
2.Sau các liên từ ( cọnunctions ) : after , before , when , while…….
Ex:After telling me the secret , they left.
3 Sau các động từ : admit (công nhận ),enjoy( thưởng thức ),escape( trốn thoát ), advoid(tránh xa),
consider( xem xét ), imagine( tưởng tượng ), finish( kết thúc ), forgive( tha thứ ), keep=continue, love
mind( lưu ý, làm phiền),miss( nhớ ),prefer( thích hơn ), save( cứu,tiết kiệm ), suggest, understand……
Ex: Most people prefer riding to walking
*NOTES:
- To begin/start/continue/intend→inf / gerund.
- To advise/allow(cho phép)/admit/encourage/permit/recommend/propose/suggest
→ + gerund
+ O + to inf
- To regret/remember/forget:→ To inf ( Xảy ra sau đó ,nhiệm vụ )
→ Gerund( Xảy ra trước đó ).
- To like :→ To inf (want , wish )
→Gerund (enjoy:hobbies/interests.)
- To mean :→ inf (ý định)
→Gerund (đòi hỏi ,liên quan ).
- To try : → inf ( cố gắng )
→Gerund (thử ,thí nghiệm )
- To stop : → inf : dừng lại để làm một việc khác
→Gerund : ngừng hẳn
- To go on : → inf : làm một việc khác ,mới.
→Gerund : tiếp tục
- To purpose : → inf : dự định
→Gerund : đề nghị
L Useful prepositions ( giới từ thông dụng)
Calm down : bình tỉnh help sb with sth : giúp đỡ ai việc gì
Ask for : y êu cầu về, xin be interested in sth.: yêu thích, quan tâm đến
Cover…with : phủ, che…lại bằng be suitable for : hợp với
Trang 5Made from : được làm từ (nhiều thành p ần) carve into sth : chạm, khắc lên
Made of: được làm từ (thành phẩm và chất liệu lá một)
Made into : đư ợc làm, chế biến thành be keen on sth.: say mê, ham thích cái gì
Share….with : chia sẻ với thank sb for doing sth :cám ơn ai về điều gì
Belong to : thuộc về, của participate in sth : tham gia vào
Wonder at sth : ngạc nhiên về
A memorial to the dead : đài tưởng niệm người đã hy sinh, v ật tưởng nhớ người đã mất
Have claim / no claim on/to sth : (không) có quyền sở hữu về / có được cái gì
Make no claim + to-inf : không thể làm việc gì
M Irregular verbs (động từ bất qui t ắc)
Grow grew grown trồng, mọc, phát triển write wrote written viết
Part II Exercise
I Choose the best answer:
1 Millions of Christmas cards every year
a send b are sent c are sending d was sent
2 A contest in which participants have to fetch water from the river is called contest
a water-fetch b fetching-water c water-fetching d fetch-water
3 He had his brother his Christmas cards
a decorated b decorating c to decorate d decorate
4 They try to make a fire by pieces of bamboo together
a adding b separating d rubbing d taking
5 I can't hear what you are saying Could you louder, please?
a say b speak c tell d shout
6 Do you mind me a hand with this bag?
a give b giving c to give d to giving
7 He found a watch when he in the street
a walked b was walking c has walked d has been walking
8 Are you free Tuesday evening?
a in b at c on d for
9 We have to get up early late for class
a so as to be b so that not to be c in order not to be d so as to not be
10 We are all that you passed your English exam Congratulations!
a delighted b relieved c afraid d certain
Trang 611.Ba said he …………good marks that semester.
A.gets B got C.getting D.get
12.They asked me how many children ………
A I have B I has C I had D had I
13.Please let us know if the new teacher………
A.will come B comes C come D came
14.My mother has to learn English …………her work
A.of B.for C.by D.from
15.Learn more vocabulary if you want ……….good at English
A be B to be C.being D is
16.You should practice …………English in order to talk to your foreign friends
A.to speak B speak C speaking D spoke
17.What aspect ……… learning English do you find the most difficult?
A in B.on C.of D at
18 For me,Internet is a wonderful …………of modern life
A.discovery B.invention C.benefits D.inventor
19.People plant rice and raise cattle …………a living in my village
A.in B.to C.of D.for
20 She said she……… to Ha noi the following day
A.will go B.would go C.goes D.went
21 Mary took a lot of ……… to show the trip to her friends
A.photos B.cards C.sights D.words
22 I don’t like my present job as a nurse.I wish I………… an artist
A.am B.were C.was D.have been
23.Van is a/an _ student who is living with the Parkers in the USA
A exchanging B change C exchange D exchanged
24.After two hours travelling by bus, they a quiet town by the beach
25 Boys like ……… Soccer better than girls
26 He will have a meeting ……… 7 am to 10 am
A from B.at C in D till
3 Huong wishes she ………… her bike to school
27 If Lan ………… to lost some weights, she must do more exercise
28 She asked me if I ……… Speak Chinese
30 She she lived in Hue
A said her B told C talked her D said
31 If you to pass the exam, you must try harder
32 I look forward from you soon
A to hear B for hearing C to hearing D hearing
33 He said he go to Lan’s party the next day
A will B would C had to D can
Trang 734 Our school has many teachers
A good-qualified B good-qualify C well-qualifying D well-qualified
35 If she ………hard, she will get much money
A works B work C worked D will work
36 I’m fed up with this rain I wish it ………raining
A would stop B will stop C stops D had stopped
37 Mary took a lot of ………to show the trip to her friends
A photos B cards C sights D words
38 The bike in Japan is USD 100
39 It's difficult all these things
A- remembered B- remember C-to remember D-remembering
40 Have you finished your homework ?
41 Color television by John Logie Bard in 1928
A-was invented B- is invented C- has invented D- invented
42 She asked me if I pop music
43 I don't know how the game
A- playing B- play C- to playing D- to play
44- is often called "The windy city"
A- San Francisco B- Hawaii C- New York D- Chicago
45 People use the first aid ease the victim’s pain and anxiety
A- so that B- in order to C- in order that D- so as
46 Would you mind your car?
47 When Nam won the race, the crowd
A- cheering B- is cheering C- cheered D-was cheering
48 I can see a boy……….a water buffalo
49 Would you mind……….the windows
50 ………you mind if I smoke?
51 How about………….to Thai Binh market?
52 I was reading …………my sisters were playing with their dolls
53 Millions of Christmas card……… every year
54 The pyramid of chops is one of the seven…………of the world
55 They had the porter ………their luggage
56 I take part……… most youth activities of my school
57 It’s dangerous ……… in this river
58 Mai asked her friend………shopping,
Trang 859 Shoes and sandals are from recycled old car tires.
a make b made c making d to make
60 It is fun T.V
a to watch b watching c watched d watch
II Complete the sentences ,using the correct form of the verbs
1 A new hospital …………(build )in my neighborhood now
2 Sometimes I………( get ) up before the sun (rise )
3 What languages………… (speak ) in Canada ?
4 I ………… (listen ) to the radio when you (ring ) the bell last night
5 She asked me if I……… (can ) lend her some money
6 A This is the third time I ………… (visit )Nha trang
B How long you ………(be ) there ?
A For about two weeks I ………(come )back home tomorrow
7 When we (be) small, our family (live) in the countryside
8 Miss Trang is in the hospital
-Yes, I know I (visit) her tomorrow
9 I (read) an interesting book at the moment I (lend) it to you when I finish it
10 The doll (dress) in red is 5 dollars
11 They were proud of (be) so successful
12 Would you mind if I (smoke) ?
13 The girl (stand) over there is Lan
14 He is happy (help) you
15 Mrs Nga was cooking when Nam (come)
16 I don’t know how (use) the sewing machine
17 I am very bored My mother always (complain) about her housework
18 At 9 last night Mrs Lan (wash) the dishes while the children (play) games
III Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions:
1 Hoa got …late because his alarm clock didn’t go …
2 Because the Brooks came …a tour ,their accommodation was included ….the ticket price
3 As soos as we arrived … the island ,we took a plane ….Kilauea Volcano
4.Bill asked me to come …… …… his apartment butI didn’t want because I am waiting ……an important phone
5 The mother seemed worried … her little son He was too small to take care ….himself
6 My sister’s taste is different ……mine She likes sugar but I don’t
7 We have been …Hoi An ……5 days
8 Mary leaned ……to pick ….the paddle she dropped
9 That’s very kind you to help me this math problem
10 Minh works hard Monday Friday
11 You can meet me 7.15 and 8.00
12 We will arrive the station five minutes
13 "Romeo and Juliet" is a play Shakespeare
IV Fill in the gap with one word or phrase given to complete the sentences
1.She hasn’t finished the letter ….(already /just /yet /never )
2.Lan is studying hard ….pass the final exam (for/in order to /so to /so that )
3It’s too cold outside Would you mind …the window ?(to close /close /closing /closed )
4.Would you like … to the movies tonight ?(going /to go /go /went )
5.I am happy … all the exam (pass/ passing /passed /to pass)
6.Our teacher … to the principal in the hall now (talks /talked /talking /to talk )
Trang 97.The bike ….in Japan is 100 dollars(making/is making /made /was made )
8.We …dinner when you called (were havig/had /having/have had )
9.Colour television … by John Logie Baid in 1982(was inventing /has invented/ was invented /invented) 10.He said that he ….for a car company (is working /worked / has worked /works )
11.Finally ,he decided ……to the concert (go /going /to go /went )
12.I take part … most youth activities of my school (of/ on/ in /to )
13… you post this letter for me ,please ?(Do /will /are /won’t )
14.Do you mind if I …the front seat …the car ?(in-of/in-in/at-of/in-on)
15.She asked me if I …… pop music (liked /like /liked/ likes )
V Read then answer question
A Ha Long- Bay of the Descending Dragon – is popular with both Vietnamese and international
tourists One of the attractions of Ha Long is the Bay’s calm water with limestone mountains.The Bay’s water is clear during the spring and early summer Upon arriving in Ha Long city,visitors can go along Chay Beach From the beach, they can hire a boat and go out to the Bay It is hear that the visitors can find some
of Southest Asia’s most beautiful sites.Dau Go Cave is one of the most beautiful caves at Ha Long It was the cave in which General Tran Hung Dao hid wooden stakes to beat the Mongols on Bach Dang River in 1288
1 Whom is Ha Long popular with?
………
2 What is one of the attractions of Ha Long ?
………
3.What is the Bay’s water like ?
………
4.Which is one of the most beautiful caves at Ha Long ?
………
B An increasing number of people are now going on holiday to Egypt Last year , for example , about one
and a half million tourists visited Egypt The population of Egypt is about fifty million and the capital is El Qahira( Cairo ) , a busy city os just under nine million people Although the climate is hot nad dry and most
of the country is desert , the average temperature from Octobor to March is not too high The most famous sights are the pyramids at Giza
1 Are there many visitors to Egypt every year ?
2 What is the climate in Egypt like ?
3 What are the famous sights in egypt ?
VI Change into indirect speech
“I don’t have enough money “ He said
2.”I will come with you as soon as I am ready “.She said
3.” Do you see what I see, Mary “.said the young man
4.” Is there a good art department at school?”He asked me
Trang 10
5.”Does this train stop at York?”Asked the old man
6 “Where are you doing” he asked me
7 “ I have to go to school on Sunday” She said
8 “are you tired?” she asked me
9 “ How old are you” Ba Asked Lan
10 What are you going to do this weekend” asked Lan
VII Change into the passive
1.He will open the shop tomorrow
2.You sent her a present yesterday
3.We have just finished the work
4 Tom usually cleans the floor after school
5.Tommy didn’t break the chair yesterday
6 Mr Tuan delivered the speech yesterday
7 Turn off the computer at night
8 I clean the floor everyday
9 My mother bought this dress this morning
10She did this exercise tow days ago
11 They send him abroad to study chemistry
12 Nobody has used this room for a long time
13 Someone has stolen my bike
14 He has just received a letter from his parents
15 She will buy this house
16 They are building my house