North American Free-Trade Area NAFTACanada United States Mexico... NAFTA Rules of OriginTariff shift rule • Non-NAFTA imports undergo sufficient manufacture or processing to become prod
Trang 1Multinational Market Regions and Market Groups
Chapter 10
McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc All rights reserved.
PowerPoint presentation prepared by:
Alfred Lowey-Ball Associate Professor of Marketing UBI-United Business Institutes Brussels, Belgium
Trang 2Emergence of regional groupings
important global trend in international business and today
greater weight in decision making
Trang 3Traits of Successful Economic Unions
economic systems)
political systems)
by strengths in others
Trang 10North American Free-Trade Area (NAFTA)
Canada United States Mexico
Trang 12NAFTA Rules of Origin
Tariff shift rule • Non-NAFTA imports undergo sufficient
manufacture or processing to become products that can qualify under a different tariff classification.
• Non-NAFTA imports undergo sufficient
manufacture or processing to become products that can qualify under a different tariff classification.
Value-content rule • A set percentage of the value of the good must be
North American (usually coupled with a tariff classification shift requirement) Some goods are subject to the value-content rule only when they fail to pass the tariff classification test because of non-NAFTA inputs
• A set percentage of the value of the good must be
North American (usually coupled with a tariff classification shift requirement) Some goods are subject to the value-content rule only when they fail to pass the tariff classification test because of non-NAFTA inputs
Trang 13Association of Southeast Asian Nations
(ASEAN)
Brunei
Indonesia
Laos
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore Thailand Vietnam
Trang 14• Goal is economic integration and complementary
industrial programs
• Not a political union
• Basis for ASEAN Free trade area
• tariff and non-tariff barriers phased out
• Basis for ASEAN + 3: + China, Japan and So Korea
• set up after financial crisis of 1997/8
• set up procedures to share foreign excahnge reserves
to defend one another’s currencies
Trang 15Association of Southeast Asian Nations
(ASEAN) + 3
Brunei
Indonesia
Laos
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore Thailand Vietnam Japan
S Korea China
Trang 16© 2004 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc All rights reserved.
Trang 17Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
Australia
Brunei
Canada
Chile
China
Hong Kong
Indonesia
Japan
Japan
South Korea Malaysia Mexico New Zealand Papua New Guinea
Peru
Philippines Russia Singapore Taiwan Thailand U.S.A Vietnam
Trang 18Future Multinational Trade Groups
1 United States/Japan
2 Hong Kong/Taiwan
3 Asia-Pacific Rim Countries
4 Hong Kong/Taiwan/Coastal Provinces of Southern China
5 Western Hemisphere (North and South America) F.T.A
6 Transatlantic Free Trade Area (U.S.A & EU)
7 NAFTA including Central America
8 SAFTA