Master gmat 2010 part 53 docx

Statement 1 alone suffices to answer the question.. Statement 2 alone also suffices to answer the question.. Choice D corrects the original version by omitting the age of.. In the origin

31 The correct answer is (C) Based on the definition of a geometric series in the

question, all pairs of successive terms must have the same ratio Thus, x

22 5

28

x . Cross-multiplying, x2

5 16; hence x 5 64 The constant multiple is either 2 or 22 If the

second term is 14, the sixth term would be (22)(22)(621) 5 (22)(22)5 5 64 If the

second term is 24, the sixth term would be (22)(2)55 264

32 The correct answer is (C) This question requires a bit of intuition The objective is to

minimize the unused space in the packing box by turning the smaller boxes on their

appropriate sides Align the 2-inch edge of each box along the 18-inch edge of the

packing box (9 boxes make up a row) Align the 5-inch side of each box along the 35-inch

edge of the packing box (7 boxes make up a row) Arranged in this manner with the

18-inch by 35-inch face of the packing box as the base, one layer of small boxes 3 inches

high includes 63 boxes (9 3 7) Given that the packing box’s third dimension is 19

inches, 6 layers of boxes, each 3 inches high, will fit into the packing box, for a total of

378 boxes An unused 1-inch layer remains at the top of the box (You could reverse the

alignment of the 2- and 3-inch sides and arrive at the same result.)

33 The correct answer is (E) A median is the number that ranks exactly in the middle

of the set To know the median here, you would need to know what the six specific

values are, not just their range and/or average

34 The correct answer is (D) Statement (1) alone suffices to answer the question Given

that x 5 60, the area of each of the two triangles must be less than 60

360(or

1

6) of the area

of the circle (the difference is the region between each triangle and the circle’s

circumference) So, the combined area of the two triangles is less than1

3the area of the

circle Given that x 5 60, m ∠AOC 5 120, and the area of the shaded region is exactly

120

360 (or

1

3) that of the circle Statement (2) alone also suffices to answer the question.

Given that the length of AB equals the radius, each of the two triangles must be

equilateral, and all angles measure 60° You can now apply the same reasoning as with

statement (1) to answer the question

35 The correct answer is (C) The total distance is equal to the distance that one bus

traveled plus the distance that the other bus traveled (to the point where they pass each

other) Letting x equal the number of hours traveled, you can express the distances that

the two buses travel in that time as 48x and 55x Equate the sum of these distances

with the total distance and solve for x:

48x 1 55x 5 515

103x 5 515

x 5 5

The buses will pass each other five hours after 9:30 a.m.—at 2:30 p.m

36 The correct answer is (E) The expression involves subtraction, so neither the base

numbers nor the exponents can be combined Only choice (E) is equivalent to the original expression To confirm this without using a calculator, factor 776 from both terms:

7772 776

776~712 1!

776~6!

6 5 7

76

37 The correct answer is (B) The value of Dynaco shares sold plus the value of

MicroTron shares sold must be equal to the value of all shares sold Letting x represent

the number of Dynaco shares sold, you can represent the number of MicroTron shares

sold by 300 2 x Set up an equation in which the value of Dynaco shares sold plus the value of MicroTron shares sold equals the total value of all shares sold Then solve for x: 52x 1 36~300 2 x! 5 40~300!

52x 1 10,800 2 36x 5 12,000

16x 5 1200

x 5 75

The investor has sold 75 shares of Dynaco stock

Verbal Section

1 B

2 E

3 D

4 D

5 A

6 B

7 C

8 E

9 D

10 B

11 E

12 D

13 A

14 D

15 C

16 B

17 E

18 A

19 E

20 D

21 C

22 C

23 A

24 E

25 C

26 A

27 B

28 A

29 D

30 B

31 B

32 D

33 D

34 C

35 C

36 C

37 B

38 E

39 D

40 E

41 A

1 The correct answer is (B) In the original version, the terms following each part of

the correlative not only but also are not parallel The sentence is also awkward.

Choice (B) reconstructs the sentence in a clear and concise manner

2 The correct answer is (E) The original sentence is a long sentence fragment with no

predicate Choice (E) completes the sentence by reconstructing it

3 The correct answer is (D) The original version contains superfluous words; either

the age of or years should be omitted Choice (D) corrects the original version by omitting the age of Choice (E) is redundant; either old or in age should be omitted.

4 The correct answer is (D) The argument suggests that the company’s improved

profitability the year after the court judgment was attributable to that judgment

However, the mere fact that one event follows the other does not necessarily mean that

it was caused by the other event Choice (D) points out this critical flaw in the argument

by recognizing that consumer buying decisions and, in turn, the profitability of product

manufacturers, can depend on a variety of possible factors

5 The correct answer is (A) John’s statement does not logically imply, as Jolanda

seems to infer, that a person must believe in the inevitability of success in order to be

successful Choice (A) is an effective rebuttal for John because it points out Jolanda’s

apparent reasoning error

6 The correct answer is (B) Nowhere in the passage does the author mention any

power struggles among the leaders of the Iroquois nations Although the first paragraph

does refer to a dispute among the Iroquois leaders, the dispute involved the role that

the Iroquois should play in the American Revolution Thus, choice (B) confuses the

information in the passage by referring to unrelated details

7 The correct answer is (C) The passage states that Cornplanter was an outspoken

proponent of assimilation and that Handsome Lake was related to Cornplanter as a

half-brother The fact that Lake was responsible for the Iroquois reasserting their

national identity is ironic, then, in light of Lake’s blood relationship to Cornplanter

8 The correct answer is (E) According to the author, the Quakers’ introduction of new

technology to the Iroquois was partly responsible for the decline of the Iroquois culture

in that it contributed to the tribe’s loss of national identity Choice (E) presents a

similar situation

9 The correct answer is (D) In the original version, the position of alone suggests

improperly that the immigrants are alone Choice (D) corrects this problem (more and

greater are both acceptable here).

10 The correct answer is (B) The first and third sentences, considered together,

strongly imply the conclusion expressed by choice (B) Admittedly, the passage does not

rule out the possibility that babies who are breast fed during some portion of the first

year other than the first three months are more likely than other babies to become

obese However, this possible scenario runs completely contrary to the passage

information Thus, despite this remote possibility, choice (B) is the best answer

11 The correct answer is (E) The passage’s first sentence implies that a high level of

consumer confidence leads to increased consumer spending, which in turn leads to

depletion of retail inventories However, the passage indicates that, at a time when

consumer confidence is great, retail inventories are increasing instead Each answer

except choice (E) provides a logical explanation for this apparent discrepancy However,

choice (E) suggests that an increase in consumer confidence levels should be preceded

by decreased business spending, which would tend to decrease, rather than increase,

retail inventory levels Thus, choice (E) actually renders the discrepancy more

12 The correct answer is (D) In the original version, one being arrested should be

replaced with either one from being arrested or with one’s arrest or with the noun clause one’s being arrested (Noun clauses take the possessive verb form.) Also, it would more clearly refer to its antecedent the law if it were positioned closer to the antecedent or

replaced with the antecedent Choice (D) corrects both problems with the original

version An even better version would include one’s arrest instead of one from being arrested; nevertheless, choice (D) is the best of the five choices.

13 The correct answer is (A) The original version is correct; the first clause modifies

President McKinley, and the two elements are appropriately juxtaposed to form a clear

expression of the intended idea

14 The correct answer is (D) The original version uses the awkward (and improper)

remains being Either is still or simply remains should be used instead Choice (D)

corrects the problem

15 The correct answer is (C) As the passage indicates, dendrochronological studies

involve analyzing tree rings Although the wood from trees might have been used to create items that are now considered archeological artifacts, the author does not indicate explicitly that tree rings are studied for the purpose of dating such artifacts

16 The correct answer is (B) In the second paragraph, the author mentions choices (A),

(C), (D), and (E) as problems with radiocarbon dating Nowhere in the passage, however, does the author mention any problem involving sample deterioration

17 The correct answer is (E) In mentioning that a trace element analysis is needed for

the geographic source of an obsidian artifact, the author strongly implies that an accounting for specific conditions of the geographic area is needed in order to determine the age of the obsidian artifact by measuring its hydration layer

18 The correct answer is (A) Choice (A), if true, suggests that the removal of the

asbestos could endanger the health of the building’s occupants by sending dangerous fibers into the atmosphere Since it is possible that this health risk outweighs the health risk of leaving the asbestos in place, the statement provides strong support for the conclusion that the asbestos should be left in place in the interest of the occupants’ health

19 The correct answer is (E) The argument assumes that union-relations problems are

the major cause of the price increase Choice (E) undermines the logic of the proposed solution by suggesting that another factor—the cost of raw materials—may be more important

20 The correct answer is (D) The original argument essentially demonstrates the

following reasoning:

Premise: If fluorocarbons are emitted, then ozone depletion will occur.

Conclusion: If fluorocarbons are not emitted, then ozone depletion will not occur.

You can express this reasoning symbolically as follows:

Premise: If A, then B.

Conclusion: If not A, then not B.

The reasoning is fallacious (flawed), because it fails to account for other possible causes

of ozone depletion (B might occur whether or not A occurs.)

Choice (D) is the only answer choice that demonstrates the same essential pattern of

flawed reasoning

Premise: If a person with phlebitis takes Anatol, the phlebitis will be controlled.

Conclusion: If a person does not take Anatol, the phlebitis will not be controlled.

Note that choice (D) begins with the conclusion, whereas the original argument begins

with the premise This fact makes no difference, however, in assessing the reasoning

itself

21 The correct answer is (C) The argument relies on the assumption that consumers

are more likely to buy a particular product (or service) if they remember a particular

advertisement for it than if they don’t remember Choice (C) undermines this crucial

assumption Even if consumers remember an advertisement, unless they also

remember the particular product advertised, they’re no more likely to buy that product

than had they not remembered the advertisement at all

22 The correct answer is (C) In the original sentence, the antecedent of that result is

unclear Is it DNA strands or damage to those strands that result from the deployment

of enzymes? Also, the use of the noun clause man-made toxins’ invading in a

prepositional phrase here is somewhat awkward, albeit grammatically correct Choice

(B) improperly uses that instead of which Also, it is unclear what “resulting” refers to

here—DNA strands or damage to the DNA strands Choice (C) improves on the

awkward use of a noun clause in the first part of the original sentence The infinitive to

rebuild and the phrase as a result clarify the meaning of the second part of the

sentence In spite of its use of the passive voice (enzymes are deployed), choice (C) is the

best version

23 The correct answer is (A) The original version is correct By omitting rather, choice

(B) obscures the meaning of the sentence; the original version is clearer Choice (C) sets

up a faulty parallel between cultural tie and racial Choice (D) also sets up a faulty

parallel—between cultural and a racial one Choice (E) also sets up a faulty

parallel—between cultural and a racial tie.

24 The correct answer is (E) The original sentence confuses the subjunctive verb form

(which deals with possibilities rather than facts) and past-perfect tense Choice (A) also

contains a pronoun-antecedent agreement problem; scientific community is singular, calling for the singular pronoun it rather than they Choice (E) remedies both problems.

It uses the subjunctive form consistently—at both the beginning and end of the phrase

It also replaces the incorrect plural pronoun they with scientists.

25 The correct answer is (C) The argument recommends that fruit growers not use

artificial fertilizers if they wish to appeal to consumer tastes because these fertilizers diminish flavor This recommendation depends on the assumption that flavor enhances

a fruit’s appeal to consumers Choice (C) helps substantiate this assumption (Presumably, flavorful fruit is more appealing than flavorless fruit.)

26 The correct answer is (A) The argument relies on the assumption that the furlough

program is responsible for, or at least contributes to, a prisoner’s refraining from committing crimes after release One effective way of weakening the argument is to

refute this assumption by providing evidence that the program does not contribute to

the reform of prisoners Choice (A) provides strong evidence to this effect—specifically, that program participants are less likely than non-participants to commit crimes upon their release

27 The correct answer is (B) The original sentence improperly uses the adjective hasty

instead of the adverb hastily to modify the verb provide Choice (B) remedies

the problem

28 The correct answer is (A) The passage refers to the establishment of a de facto

35mm standard around 1913, followed by a “resurgence” of wide-film formats (in the mid-1920s to the mid-1930s) This resurgence suggests that wide-film formats were not new because they had been used before the 35mm standard was established—that is, before 1913

29 The correct answer is (D) According to the passage’s last sentence, anamorphic

lenses, used with more mobile cameras, made it possible to create quality 70mm prints from 35mm negatives In this respect, the invention of the anamorphic camera lens contributed to the demise (not the increased use) of wide-film moviemaking

30 The correct answer is (B) The passage’s final sentence states that after the

invention of the 35mm anamorphic lens, quality 70mm (larger) prints could be made from 35mm (smaller) negatives It is reasonable to assume that larger prints could not

be made from smaller negatives prior to that invention

31 The correct answer is (B) The argument relies on the assumption that every allergy

sufferer can be helped by one or another antihistamine Choice (B) substantiates this necessary assumption

32 The correct answer is (D) Based on the passage’s premise, we can conclude that

Javier reads literary classics In order to also conclude that Javier appreciates literary classics, we must assume that all readers of literary classics appreciate these types of books Choice (D) provides the additional premise needed to draw that conclusion

33 The correct answer is (D) The original version incorrectly mixes the past tense (were

prohibited) with the present perfect tense (have performed), resulting in confusion as to

the proper time frame Also, ending the sentence with a preposition (in), although not

grammatically incorrect, is somewhat awkward and should be avoided if possible

Choice (D) corrects both problems, as well as clarifying the meaning of the sentence by

adding the word same Choice (E) is awkward and distorts the meaning of the original

sentence by suggesting that these musicians were prohibited from dining at any

“venue” and that “venues” were the only places they performed

34 The correct answer is (C) The original version includes a dangling modifier The

sentence fails to refer to whoever is doing the asserting The original version also uses

the awkward passive voice Choice (C) corrects both problems The first clause now

refers clearly to we, and the underlined clause has been reconstructed using the active

voice

35 The correct answer is (C) The argument’s conclusion, stated in the passage’s final

sentence, is true only if it is also true that the government has no other choice but to

turn to former industry lobbyists if it wants to find knowledgeable regulators (This is

the assumption that choice (C) provides.) If such people are available elsewhere—for

example, among university professors—then the conclusion is faulty

36 The correct answer is (C) In describing Rossetti’s work, the author never uses the

words “stark” or “realism,” nor does the author describe her work in any way that might

be expressed by either of these terms (The term “vivid imagery,” appearing in line 9,

does not carry the same meaning as “stark realism.”)

37 The correct answer is (B) In lines 10–14, the author states that “‘A Birthday’ is no

typical Victorian poem and is certainly unlike predictable works of the era’s best-known

women poets.” It is reasonably inferable that Rossetti was not among the era’s

best-known women poets, at least during her time

38 The correct answer is (E) The author’s threshold purpose in discussing Packer’s

biography is to affirm that Rossetti’s style of writing was not a reflection of her personal

lifestyle Having dismissed the theory that Rossetti was keeping secrets about her life,

the author goes on (in the final paragraph) to offer a better explanation for the apparent

contradiction between Rossetti’s lifestyle and the emotional, sensual style of her poetry

39 The correct answer is (D) In the passage, the author’s first concern is to point out

that Rossetti’s work conflicts with her apparently conservative personal life The

author’s own impressions of Rossetti’s work are corroborated by those of Woolf Then, in

the second paragraph, the author asks how to reconcile this apparent conflict (The

newly discovered letters discussed in that paragraph only reinforce the inconsistency

between her personal life and literary work.) In the last paragraph, the author attempts

to explain the inconsistency by way of Rossetti’s love poems Choice (D) nicely embraces

all these ideas

40 The correct answer is (E) The argument boils down to the following:

Premise: Child-care license requirements are reasonable because they ensure

public safety

Premise: Handgun ownership laws are not as stringent as child-care license laws Intermediate Conclusion: Current handgun ownership laws do not ensure

public safety

Final conclusion: More stringent handgun ownership laws would be reasonable.

Choice (E) expresses the argument’s final conclusion

41 The correct answer is (A) The original version is clear and grammatically correct.

Choice (B) incorrectly uses the singular form its; the verb should agree in number with its plural subject states Choice (C) awkwardly splits the grammatical element were free Choice (D) uses the redundant and improper correlative both as well as Choice

(E) confuses the meaning of the sentence; the construction unfairly suggests that free

word and speech could be found only in the Greek states.

answer sheet

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