VSTEP - Đề thi thử Reading 5 - Có đáp án

VSTEP - Đề thi thử Reading 5 - Có đáp án VSTEP - Đề thi thử Reading 5 - Có đáp án VSTEP - Đề thi thử Reading 5 - Có đáp án VSTEP - Đề thi thử Reading 5 - Có đáp án VSTEP - Đề thi thử Reading 5 - Có đáp án

READING PAPER 5 Time permitted: 60 minutes Number of questions: 40 _

Directions:In this section you will read FOUR different passages Each one is followed

by 10 questions about it For questions 1-40, you are to choose the best answer A, B, C

or D, to each question Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen Answer all questions following a passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage You have 60 minutes to answer all the questions, including the time to transfer your answers to the answer sheet.

PASSAGE 1 – Questions 1-10

Eddy is warm, charming and friendly He laughs a lot He seems at first like an average kindly grandfather But 15 years ago, a virus attacked his brain and destroyed the part where memories are made He can remember his childhood and being a sailor in the Navy, but cannot remember anything since 1960 As far as he knows, petrol is cheap and the moon landing never happened

Since his illness, the only people he knows are the ones in the room with him On a typical morning, he will get up and have breakfast, then go back to bed to listen to the radio Often he will forget that he has eaten, so will get up and have breakfast again and return to bed Sometimes he’ll have breakfast a third time

Without a memory, he is trapped in the present, between a past he can’t remember and a future he can’t imagine He lives a quiet life and doesn’t even know that he has a memory problem ‘He’s happy all the time,’ says his daughter Carol, who lives nearby I guess it’s because he doesn’t have any stress in his life

For Anna, in contrast, the past is always there ‘My memory flows like a movie’, she says She remembers who called her on the phone at 12.34 on Sunday August 3, 1986 She remembers that on March 28 1992, she had lunch with her father at the Beverly Hills Hotel She remembers what they ate, every word of the conversation She remembers great world events and shopping trips She remembers the weather Every day is there, every detail

Anna believes it is something that happens to her naturally, but it is not an ability she welcomes ‘I remember the good things, which is nice But I also remember the bad things, every bad choice Ten years later, I still get angry with myself for making the wrong decisions I don’t forgive myself for a lot of things I would love for just five minutes to be a simple person and not have all this stuff in my head Most people call it a gift But I call it a burden.’

Scientists are unsure why Anna’s memory is so extraordinary, but both of these cases demonstrate the importance of memory Eddy's case shows us how essential memory is for us to function; but Anna's shows that if our memories are to function properly, we also need to be able to forget

1 The best title for this article would be …

A Memory Loss

B Memory Wonders

C Unexplained Memory Mysteries

D The importance of memory

2 The aim of the text is to …

A arouse sympathy

B describe an experiment

C interest and inform

D describe some scientific progress

3 Anna and Eddy are similar in that they …

A both work in the same area

B are both extreme examples

C come from the same state.

D all have a cheeful life

4 Eddy appears to be …

A cheerful

B anxious

C shy

D strained

5 Eddy’s condition was caused by …

A a childhood illness

B an accident when he was in the Navy

C an unhappy childhood

D an infection in later life

6 In the mornings, Eddy is often unable to remember …

A whether he has eaten

B how to use the radio

C how to make breakfast

D Both A and C

7 Carol says that her father …

A does not have a real problem

B is worried about the future

C seems to be quite content

D is unhappy when he knows his problems

8 For Anna, August 3 rd 1986 and March 28 th 1992 …

A were special anniversaries

B marked the start of two important periods

C were ordinary days

D were the days she went shopping with her friends

9 According to the text, Anna’s memory …

A.is only visual

B is the result of years of training

C is a gift for her

D is unusually accurate.

10 Anna says that her memory is …

A difficult to live with

B an extraordinary gift

C simple to understand

D helpful for her

PASSAGE 2 – Questions 11-20

The Earth is known as the Blue Planet because of its color when viewed from space by our astronauts We enjoy sunny days when the sky is blue but it seems to be a “mystery” why the sky and atmosphere appear blue But it’s really a matter of how the human eye works and how light interacts with air molecules in the atmosphere Remember that

humans can see visible light, those wavelengths between 400 nanometers and 700

nanometers Visible light is divided into colors also by wavelength and this is called the color spectrum The blue range that includes violet has the shortest wavelengths of any visible light

When light interacts with any kind of molecules, its energy can be absorbed, reflected or

scattered Light is scattered when it hits gases in the atmosphere The amount of light

that is scattered is related to the size of the particle compared to the wavelength of the light falling on the particle Since blue and violet have the shortest wavelength they are scattered the most by molecules of gases in the atmosphere Because of this scattering there is more of the blue wavelength in the atmosphere than any other The human eye has cones dedicated to receiving blue wavelength, so we see the sky as blue without noticing the traces of purple

Another “mystery” of nature is how rainbows are formed Rainbows are seen only after

it rains and the atmosphere contains water droplets Sunlight enters the water droplets, is

bent by the droplet and is reflected out of the droplet The different colors are bent by an

amount related to their wavelength so the result is a spectrum like that produced by a prism

A rainbow always appears as the same kind of arc in the sky The red part of the rainbow

is always at 42° to the line of the horizon and the blue-violet part of the rainbow is always at 40° with the other colors of the spectrum in between These angles are related

to the wavelength of each color Most people have never noticed that the sun is always behind them when they face a rainbow

11 When Earth is viewed from space, it appears

A red

B yellow

C blue

D green

12 What colors have the shortest wavelengths?

A Shades of blue and purple

B Shades of green

C Shades of red

D Shades of orange

13 Visible light …

A can be seen by the human eye

B is in the range 400 to 700 nanometers

C is the source of the color spectrum

D All of the above

14 The sky appears blue because light interacts with

A water droplets in the atmosphere

B molecules of gases in the atmosphere

C the parts of outer space that humans see

D All of the above

15 A rainbow produces the color spectrum similar to a

A microscope

B telescope

C prism

D All of the above

16 When someone sees a rainbow,

A the arc is always the same for every rainbow

B the sun is behind them

C Both a and b above

D None of the above

17 The word “visible” is closest in meaning to …

A can see

B can imagine

C can guess

D can do

18 The word “scattered” is closest in meaning to …

A broke

B spilled

C spreaded

D thrown out

19 The word “bent” is closest in meaning to …

A curved

B straight

C shrinked

D folded

20 What is the purpose of the writer when writing this reading passage?

A To explain a magic phenomenon on the sky

B To explain what colors can be seen on the sky

C To explain how colors of the rainbow are made up

D To explain why people just see blue on the sky

PASSAGE 3 – Questions 21-30

UNDERGROUND MICROORGANISM

Microorganisms, or microbes, are organisms that are too small to be seen by the human eye Microbes can be fungi, bacteria, archaea, or protists, but not viruses and prions,

which are commonly categorized as non-living They are usually single-celled, or

unicellular However, there are exceptions, as some multi-cellular varieties are

microscopic and some unicellular protists are visible

Microbes can live almost anywhere on Earth where there is water Although incredibly small, they play an important role in keeping the planet running, carrying out 90% of the Earth’s biochemical reactions Without them, life on Earth would be destroyed The microbes are probably the first forms of life to develop on Earth

Microbes that live and prosper underground in high temperatures are called

“thermopiles.” Dr Bang, a microbiology professor, said that since scientists are aware that microbes existed underground, they know that the introduction of outside people, materials, and animals would have interacted with those otherwise inaccessible microbes This interaction may have caused an evolutionary metamorphosis that went unnoticed by the world

Scientists are indentifying factors that establish why microbes survive deep underground in some places but not others High temperatures make certain that nothing can live too far underground However, the availability of water, pressure, the porosity

of the adjacent rock, and the flow of chemical nutrients may limit where microbes that savor harsh conditions can exist Temperature is the primary factor in controlling how

deep they can live A lack of water and nutrients excludes subsurface life in arid regions.

On the contrary, they may be more abundant deep in mid ocean ridges and salt deposits where nutrients and water flow more generously

Rock deep underground may have scorching temperatures and toxic chemicals, but life can still survive For example, in the early 1990’s, researchers found microbes living in rock 500 meters below the surface More recently they have delved much deeper, nearly

3 km below ground Tests for microbial residents and a new species of bacteria were conducted by scientists Unfortunately, these tests cause pollution from the lubricating

fluids that drillers pump into the hole Tests on these fluids revealed a great quantity of

aerobic microbes which require oxygen to survive

In another test, scientists added a range of tracers to the drilling fluids By checking rock samples of these man-made chemicals, they could recognize which pieces had been polluted by the drilling fluids Finally, they measured the rock samples The polluted type had rather large pores that allowed drilling fluid to enter the rock Those not polluted had barred any microbes from penetrating the rock If bacteria could not get in the rock, they also could not leave The tight-spaced mineral grains served as cages, trapping any original bacteria for millions of years

7 The organisms survive on a diet of petroleum and other organic compounds However, because these food sources are so diluted, the microorganisms do not receive enough nutrients to grow, reproduce, or even spread throughout the rock formation The deepest hole will introduce really high temperatures, where a lot of different biophil bacteria and water seepage reside

Scientists recently discovered microbes living within igneous formations These microbes are unique, relying on hydrogen, water, and carbon dioxide Until this discovery, it was thought that products of the Earth’s interior, and other organisms to some extent, depend on the sun’s energy Scientists in Sweden have since found a similar community of microbes deep in granite formation These findings are of great importance because granite is one of the most abundant rocks on the continent, suggesting that these organisms are quite prevalent Rough calculations propose that bacteria and archaea may go as deep as 4km below the continental crust and 7km into the oceanic crust It has been calculated that the weight of all subterranean microbes could equal that of life above the surface

Questions and concerns are driving investigators to explore new environments like

South African gold mines Tests on the mines reveal that bacteria survives even as

deep as 3.5km Microbes living in high temperatures might have the potential to produce

antibiotics which can be temperature tolerant Life underground may also help solve

toxic waste problems and improve methods for cleaning wastewater The most practical application is its effect on the ethanol industry, as it can make the production process more efficient

21 According to paragraph 1, which of the following is true of microorganisms?

A They break down organic matter and produce fungi, bacteria or archaea

B They can be both harmful and beneficial to human health and the environment

C They are usually unicellular organisms that can only be seen under a microscope

D They are multi-cellular species to be seen with the naked eye

22 The word “exceptions” in the passage is closest in meaning to

A omissions

B sanctions

C liabilities

D eliminations

23 Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 2 about microbes on Earth?

A All environments are well suited for the proliferation of the microbes

B For several billion years, there were only microbes on earth

C All living organisms on Earth carry out the same biochemical reactions

D It is quite clear that without microbes life on earth could not exist

24 According to Dr Bang, underground microbes would have interacted with

A people, animals, and materials on the outer surface

B many different species of microbes in soil

C people, animals, and materials on the interior

D outside features that were previously inaccessible

25 The word “they” in the passage refers to

A animals

B microorganisms

C nutrients

D chemicals

26 According to paragraph 4, what is primary factor in determining where microbes can reside?

A brightness

B temperature

C lack of water

D food

27 The word “revealed” in the passage is closest in meaning to

A supported

B infected

C measured

D unveiled

28 The word “tolerant” in the passage is closest in meaning to

A vulnerable

B resistant

C susceptible

D radiant

29 According to paragraph 8, what has been calculated about the subterranean microbes?

A They may have the potential to evolve into life

B They may weigh the same as all life on the surface

C There is no way they could exist under that pressure

D They probably consume similar food as other microbes

30 In paragraph 9, the author used “South African gold mines” as an example of?

A how microbes are able to adopt countless strategies for surviving in extreme environments

B the cause of how bacteria can survive at such extreme depths

C bacteria being unable to survive more than 7km deep

D microbes surviving up to a depth of 3.5km

PASSAGE 4 – Questions 31-40

ROMAN AND MODERN ARCHITECTURE