Tiêu chuẩn iso 12103 1 2016

© ISO 2016 Road vehicles — Test contaminants for filter evaluation — Part 1 Arizona test dust Véhicules routiers — Poussière pour l’essai des filtres — Partie 1 Poussière d’essai d’Arizona INTERNATION[.]

Road vehicles — Test c ontaminants for

Part 1:

Vé ic ule s ro tiers — Po ssièr p ur l’essai de s filtre s —

Partie 1: Po ssièr d’essai d’Arizo a

S con edition

2 16-0 -0

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT

© ISO 2016, P blshed in Sw itz rlan

A ll rig hts r eserved Unles otherw ise spe ified, nopar of this p blc tion ma y be r epr od c d or utilz d otherw ise in an form

or b an me ns, ele tr onic or me hanic l, inclu in p oto opying , or postin on the internet or an intranet , w ithout prior

written permis ion Permis ion c n be req esed from either ISO at the ad r es below or ISO’s member bod y in the c u try of

F reword i v

Introduction v

1 Sc ope 1

2 Test dust des r iptio 1

3 Test dust desig nation 1

4 Particle size distr ibution 1

5 Chemical c omposition 2

5.1 T ypical chemical content of ISO spe ified A rizona tes d s s 2

5.2 Chemical analysismethodolog y — X-ra y fluor esc nc analysis (X R F) 2

A nne x A (normative) A nal ysis equipment and operating pr oc edure 3

A nne x B (informative)History of A rizo a test d st 7

A nne x C (informative) Handl ng and pr eparation 9

Biblog raphy 14

ISO (he Int ernational Org nization for Stan ardization) is a worldwidefede ation of national s an ards

b dies (ISO membe b dies) The work of pr p ring Int ernational Stan ards is normaly car ied out

through ISO t ech ical committ ees Each membe b dy int er st ed in a subje t for w hich a t ech ical

committ ee has be n es a lshed has the right t o be r pr sent ed on that committ ee Int ernational

org nizations, g ove nmental an non-g ove nmental, in laison with ISO, also take part in the work

ISO cola orat es closely with the Int ernational Ele trot ech ical C mmis ion (IEC) on al matt ers of

ele trot ech ical s an ardization

The proc d r s used t o develo this document an those int en ed for it furthe maint enanc ar

desc ibed in the ISO/IEC Dir ctives, Part 1 In p rticular the dife ent a pro al c it eria ne ded for the

dife ent ty es of ISO document should be not ed This document was draft ed in ac ordanc with the

edit orial rules of the ISO/IEC Dir ctives, Part 2 ( e www.iso.org dir ctives)

A tt ention is drawn t o the p s ibi ity that some of the element of this document ma be the subje t of

p t ent right ISO shal not be held r sp nsible for identifying any or al such p t ent right Detais of

any p t ent right identified d ring the develo ment of the document wi be in the Introd ction an / r

on the ISO ls of p t ent de larations r c ived ( e www.iso.org p t ent )

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenienc of use s an does not

cons itut e an en orsement

F or an ex lanation on the meaning of ISO spe ific t erms an ex r s ions r lat ed t o conformity

as es ment, as wel as information a out ISO’ s adhe enc t o the WTO principles in the Te h ical

Bar ie s t o Trade (TBT) se the fol owing URL: F or word - Sup lementary information

The committ ee r sponsible for this document is ISO/TC 2 , Ro d vehicles , Subcommitt ee SC 34,

Pro ul s io ,p wertrain a d p wertrain fluids

This se on edition canc ls an r plac s the f irs edition (ISO 1 1 3-1:1 9 ), w hich has be n t ech icaly

r vised

ISO 1 1 3 consis s of the folowing p rt , u de the g ene al title R oad vehicles — Tes t c ontamin nts fr

fite ev lu tion:

— Part 1: Ari zon tes t dus t

— Part 2 : Aluminium ox ide tes t dus t

The folowing p rt ar u de pr p ration:

— Part 3 : S ot ae os ol

This p rt of 1 1 3 spe if ies four grades of t es d s s made from Arizona dese t san composed of

naturaly oc ur ing compoun s w hich mot or vehicles ar commonly subje t ed t o These t es d s s

ar used t o det ermine pe formanc off iltration sy st ems Due t o the a rasive charact eris ics of these

mat erials, they ha e also be n used in wear s u ies inv lving bearings, int ernal combus ion engines

an fuel inje tion sy st ems, seals, fan blades, win shield wipe s, et c

This p rt of ISO 1 1 3 spe if ies particle siz dis ribution of four grades of t es d s b v lume pe c nt

as o p sed t o n mbe charact erization

Dus s complying with volume dis ribution spe ified in this p rt of ISO 1 1 3 ar not a pro riat e for

calbration of p rticle cou t ers F or thispurp se, r fe t o ISO 1 1 1

This is an Arizona Tes Dus s andard, not othe r gion document Othe d s s an document can be

brought forward t o the committ ee t o be develo ed int o a s an ard

Road vehicles — Test c ontaminants for filter evaluation —

Part 1:

This p rt of ISO 1 1 3 def ines p rticle siz dis ribution an chemical cont ent lmit inv lving four

grades of t es d s made from Arizona dese t san

2 Test dust desc iption

ISO t es d s s ac ording t o this p rt of ISO 1 1 3 ar man factur d from Arizona dese t san Arizona

dese t san is a naturaly oc ur ing contaminant consis ing primariy of si con dio ide with smale

amou t of othe comp u ds It is cole t ed from the Salt Rive ar a of Arizona dese t an siz d t o

spe if ic particle siz

Arizona dese t san has also be n r fe r d t o as Arizona ro d d s , Arizona t es d s , Arizona si ca, AC

fine or co rse t es d s , an SAE f ine or co rse t es d s

Bulk density of ISO t es d s smade from Arizona san v ries with particle siz ( e Ta le 1)

Table 1 — Bulk density

3 Test dust desig nation

Arizona t es d s s ar a aia le in four s an ard grades designat ed as folow s:

— ISO 1 1 3-1, A.1 ultrafine t es d st ;

— ISO 1 1 3-1, A.2 fine t es d st ;

— ISO 1 1 3-1, A.3 medium t es d st ;

— ISO 1 1 3-1, A.4 co rse t es d s

4 P article size distribution

Particle siz dis ribution is det ermined using a lght scatt ering particle siz analy se , as r fe enc d in

ISO 1 3 0

Ta le 2 spe if ies cumulative v lume p rticle siz lmit for ISO t es d s s made from Arizona dese t

san , w hen det ermined using a Mic otrac S3 0 ™

1)

p rticle siz analy se

When the dife ent ty e analy se is emplo ed b a t es la orat ory, the la orat ory should g ene at e

suita le cor elation data betwe n the analy se b w hich these p wde s ar sup led t o conform

[Mic otrac

1)

analy se ]an b the analy se ado t ed b the t es la orat ory

Table 2— Particle size distributio s (v lume % les than)

NO E Data shown per Table 2was determined usin the par icle siz analysis ins rument in ic ted in normative An ex A

Use of an other par icle siz analysis eq ipment wi obtain diferent esult

5 Chemical c omposition

5.1 T ypical chemical c ontent of ISO specified A rizona test dusts

S e Ta le 3

Table 3 — C emical co tent

5.2 Chemical anal ysis methodolog y — X-ray fluoresc enc e anal ysis (X RF)

Chemical analy sisis pe formed using an X-ra fluor sc nc analy se pe ASTM C 14-1

1) Micr otr ac an Microtrac S 5 0 ar e tr ademarks T is information is g iven for the con venience of user of this

document an do s not constitute an en or ement by ISO of the pr od ct named

A nne x A

(normative)

A 1 P article size anal yser

A 1.1 General

Particle siz data of ISO spe ified Arizona t es d s s as shown in Ta le 2, we e det ermined using a

Mic otrac Model S3 00

TM

l ght scatt ering ty e analy se Use of any othe p rticle siz analy sis

eq ipment wi l o tain dife ent r sult Othe p rticle siz analy sis ins rument ma be ac epta le

for analy sis of t es d s prod ct spe if ied in ISO 1 1 3-1, if suita i ity an cor elation is det ermined

betwe n the Mic otrac S3 00

TM

an the othe analy se Use of p rticle siz analy sis ins rument othe

than the Mic otrac S3 0

TM

wi r q ir a modif ied p rticle siz analy sis proc d r

The Mic otrac Model S3 0

TM

employ s useof thr e lght scatt ering lase s that ar combined t o prod c

the r sulting p rticle siz dis ribution data A tri-lase sy st em uses pr cise angular measur ment of

scatt er d l ght through a ful 1 0° angular rang e with thr e lase s an two det ect or ar ay s Analy sis of

scatt er d l ght t o det ermine p rticle siz employ s a Mie b sed u if ied angular scatt ering theory with a

dynamic rang e of 0,0 mic onst o 28 0 mic ons ( e Ta le A.1)

Normaly, it is not ac epta le t o publsh a man factur r’s name or eq ipment identification Howeve ,

d e t o the close t ole anc of the spe if ied p rticle siz l mit an v riation between ins rument b

multiple man factur rs, one particle siz analy sis ins rument was def ined for this spe if ication

Particle siz dis ribution spe ified l mit shown in Ta le 2 we e de ived from sample analy sis of PTI

man factur d t es d s prod c d prior t o Ma 1 94 using thr e sep rat e Mic otrac Model S3 0

TM

l ght catt ering analy se s

Table A.1 — Mic otrac Model S 500

TM

specificatio s

Me suring rang e 0,0 mic on t o 2 8 0mic on

Basic rang Wet 0,7 mic on t o 1 0 0 mic on

High rang Wet 2,75 mic on to 2 8 0 mic on

Stan ard rang Wet 0,24 mic on t o 140 mic on

Special rang Wet 0,0 6 mic on to 1 40 mic on

Exten ed rang Wet 0,0 1 mic on t o 2 0 0 mic on

E hanced rang Wet 0,0 1 mic on t o 2 8 0 mic on

Precision Sp erical Glas Be ds D5 = 6 2mic on, Precision as CV =0,7 %

Sp erical Glas Be ds D5 = 56 mic on, Precision as CV = 1,0 %

Sp erical Late Be ds D5 = 0,4 mic on, Precision as CV = 0,6 %

Power 3 mW nominal

Detection syst em Two f ix ed p ot o-electric detector with lo arithmical y spaced se ments placed at

cor ect angles for optimal s att ered light detection 0,0 ° t o163° using 1 1detect or

se ments

Data han ling Volume, Numb r an Are distributions as wel as per entile an other ummary data

Data are st ored in ODB format in enc y ted Mic osof A cces Data ases to ensure

compatibility with e ternal statistical sof ware ap lications Data inte rity may b

ensured using FD 2 C R Part 1 compliant security fe tures inclu ing pas word

protection, electronic signatures an as igna le permis ions

A 1.2 Microtrac S 500

TM

particle size anal ysis proc edure

A 1.2.1 S mple pr eparatio

Ty ical sample pr p ration is asfolows

a) It is imp rtant t o ensur the sample taken is r pr sentative of the lot of t es d s t o be t est ed an

mix ed wel befor placing int o a clean 2 ml t o 5 ml sample vial

b) Obtain a clean vial an ad ther q ir d r pr sentative sample q antity b sed on Ta le A.2

Table A.2 — Mic otrac S 5 0

TM

S mple Weights

ISO grade Sample amount in mg

d) Ad a pro imat ely 1 ml dis i led wat er t o the vial an mix b g ently mo ing the vial in a cir ular

motion Av id c eating bub les

e) Plac sample vial an cont ent in an ext ernal low p we ultrasonic b th, ha ing a wat er depth of

2cm, for 3 s The ultrasonic b th should be in the rang e of 5 W t o 1 0 W, 5 kHz t o 8 kHz Do not

use the Mic otrac int ernal ultrasonic as it ma ca use bub les

A 1.2.2 A nal yse sofware sample set-up

Analy se sof war sample set-up is done as fol ow s

a) Open the Mic otrac F EX sof war pro ram

b) Clck “Measur ” on the main pro ram win ow and sele t S3 00 /S3 0

c) Clck “ Fie” an sele t “Open Measur ment Data ase” , sele t a pro riat e data ase for the mat erial

being analy sed

d) Clck “ SOP” ( Stan ard Ope ating Proc d r ) icon on the measur t oolb r Clck Options butt on

t o setup a pro riat e measur ment setup p ramet ers S t measur ment p ramet ers pe the

― R un time = 3 s;

― Numbe of ru s = 3

2) Identif ie ta is used t o ent er g ene al information if desir d

3) Analy sis ta is set using the folowing ta s:

i) Particle information ta :

I) S le t R efractive In ex of 1,5 an sa e with the a pro riat e p rticle name

I ) Particle charact eris ics b x:

— S t transp r ncy; Transp r n

— S le t S3 0 from Analy sis Mode dro down l st ;

— S le t E a led Stan ard from Fi t er dro down ls

iv) Sample lo ding ta is used t o ent er use def ined lo ding in ex l mit for each grade pe

Ta le A.2

Table A.3 — Mic otrac S 5 0

TM

loading index lmits

ISO grade L ading in ex l mit

ISO f ine 0,86 – 0,87

ISO medium 0,86 – 0,87

v) Pe spe tive ta isset as fol ow s:

— S le t Geom 4 R oot from Pro r s ion dro down lst ;

— S le t Volume from the Dis ribution dro down l s

vi) SDC ta is set as folow s:

I) SDC o tions;S t the folowing p ramet ers:

I I) E t er a pro riat e name in the SOP Name t o Sa e or Delet e b x on the Measur ment

SOP dialo ue bo an then clck the sa e butt on

e) Open the identif ie s (ID ) ta S t the identif ie s pe the folowing:

1) Ent er mat erial desc iption in the title se tion, i.e ISO 1 1 3-1, A.2 f ine t es d s

2) Ent er ID in firs lne of Sample ID se tion

f) Clck “ Flow” icon on SDC ASVR t oolb r on the right side of the measur ment win ow t o s art the

r cir ulat or

g) Clck “ S /Z” ( et z ro) icon on the measur t oolbar Aft er the set z ro is suc es ful y complet ed, the

time wi l a pear on the up e lef p rtion of the sc e n highlght ed in gr en

h) Clck the “ Lo d Sample”(LD ) icon on the measur t oolb r

A 1.2.3 S mple loading and anal ysis

Obtain a clean pipett e an lo d pr p r d sample int o r cir ulat or making sur the entir sample is

lo ded without c eating bub les The indicat or b r shal bewithin the transmis ion rang e (gr en zone)

w hen the entir sample has be n lo ded If ex ces sample has be n lo ded a ort the proc d r , rinse

r cir ulat or an s art o e

Ope at e icons pe the folowing

— Clck “Run” icon on the measur ment b r

— Clck the print icon w hen sample ru is complet ed

A 2 Instrument cal bration

The Mic otrac S3 00

TM

analy se cannot be calbrat ed b the use , but National Ins itut e of Standards

an Te hnolo y trac a le glas p wde sold b the man factur r can be used t o ve ify the analy se is

wor king cor e tly Analy sis ofNIST trac a le glas beads should be pe formed at leas eve y six months

A se on ary cal bration mat erial shal be used t o verify the analy se is o e ating cor e tly Analy sis of

the se on ary calbration mat erial shal immediat ely folow analy sis of the b t ch of t es d s analy sed

S con ary calbration mat erial used shal be from a prior bat ch of the same grade of t es d s being

analysed

A nne x B

History of A r izona test dust

During the 1 3 s, air intake cleaning devic s be ame widely used b engine man factur rs for use in

r d cing p rticulat es ing est ed b int ernal combus ion engines By 1 40, the SAE Journal in icat ed a

ne d for a s an ardiz d t es contaminant t o ev luat e pe formanc of air cleane sy st ems The 1 43

edition ofthe SAE Han b ok r commen s cole ting t es d s b placing canv s cloth on the grou d

behind tract ors or implement in the Salt Rive Valey, Arizona, USA

During folowing years, a mor controled method of prod cing larg e volumes of t es d s was r q ir d

As a r sult, the AC Sp rk Plug Comp ny, division of Gene al Mot ors Corp ration, devised a method of

man facturing t es d s b b l mi l ng Arizona dese t san Two grades of t es d s we e prod c d t o

the folowing particle siz spe if ication given in Ta le B.1, as publshed in forme SAE J7 6 Air Cleane

Tes Stan ard, an analy sed for p rticle siz using a R ole

TM2)

analy se

Table B.1 — Particle size distributio by mas %

lase difraction p rticle siz

analy se , in plac of the R ole

TM

analy se , t o det ermine p rticle siz dis ributions of AC Fine an

Co rse Tes Dus s ACin icat ed that conside a le cor elation t es ing between theL an N Mic otrac

M

an R ole

TM

analy se s was pe formed an in 1 82 r q est ed that SAE subcommitt ees r vise fine an

co rse t es d s particle siz spe if ications pe Ta le B.2

Table B.2— Particle size distributio by v lume % (as me sured with an L and N Mic otrac