Tiêu chuẩn iso 10545 13 2016

© ISO 2016 Ceramic tiles — Part 13 Determination of chemical resistance Carreaux et dalles céramiques — Partie 13 Détermination de la résistance chimique INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10545 13 Second edi[.]

Ceramic tiles —

Part 13:

Car ea x et dale s céramique s —

Partie 13: Déte mination de la résis ta c chimique

S con edition

2 16-1 -1

Refer ence n mb r

ISO 1 545-1 :2 16(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT

© ISO 2016, P blshed in Sw itz rlan

A ll rig hts r eserved Unles otherw ise spe ified, nopar of this p blc tion ma y be r epr od c d or utilz d otherw ise in an form

or b an me ns, ele tr onic or me hanic l, inclu in p oto opying , or postin on the internet or an intranet , w ithout prior

written permis ion Permis ion c n be req esed from either ISO at the ad r es below or ISO’s member bod y in the c u try of

the r eq eser

ISO c pyrig ht ofic

C de Blan on et 8 • C 4 1

CH-1 14 Vernier, Geneva, Sw itzerlan

Tel + 12 7 9 011

Fax 412 7 9 0 4

F reword i v

1 Sc ope 1

2 Nor mati ve r eferenc es 1

3 Terms an definitions 1

4 Principle 1

5 Aqueous test solutio s 1

5.1 Household chemicals 1

5.2 Swimming p ol salt 1

5.3 A cids and alkal s 1

5.3.1 L w conc ntrations (L) 1

5.3.2 High conc ntrations (H) 2

6 A pparatus 2

7 Test specimens 2

7.1 Numbe of tes spe imens 2

7.2 Siz of tes spe imens 3

7.3 Pr eparation of tes spe imens 3

8 Proc ed re .3

8.1 A pplcation of tes solutions 3

8.2 Dete mination of clas 4

8.2.1 General 4

8.2.2 Normal clas ification 4

8.2.3 A lte native visual clas ification 4

9 Test rep r t 5

Biblog raphy 9

ISO (he Int ernational Org nization for Stan ardization) is a worldwidefede ation of national s an ards

b dies (ISO membe b dies) The work of pr p ring Int ernational Stan ards is normaly car ied out

through ISO t ech ical committ ees Each membe b dy int er st ed in a subje t for w hich a t ech ical

committ ee has be n es a lshed has the right t o be r pr sent ed on that committ ee Int ernational

org nizations, g ove nmental an non-g ove nmental, in laison with ISO, also take part in the work

ISO cola orat es closely with the Int ernational Ele trot ech ical C mmis ion (IEC) on al matt ers of

ele trot ech ical s an ardization

The proc d r s used t o develo this document an those int en ed for it furthe maint enanc ar

desc ibed in the ISO/IEC Dir ctives, Part 1 In p rticular the dife ent a pro al c it eria ne ded for the

dife ent ty es of ISO document should be not ed This document was draft ed in ac ordanc with the

edit orial rules of the ISO/IEC Dir ctives, Part 2 ( e www.iso.org dir ctives)

A tt ention is drawn t o the p s ibi ity that some of the element of this document ma be the subje t of

p t ent right ISO shal not be held r sponsible for identifying any or al such p t ent right Detais of

any p t ent right identified d ring the develo ment of the document wi be in the Introd ction an / r

on the ISO ls of p t ent de larations r c ived ( e www.iso.org p t ent )

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenienc of use s an does not

cons itut e an en orsement

For an ex lanation on the meaning of ISO spe ific t erms an ex r s ions r lated to conformity as es ment,

as wel as information a out ISO’s adhe enc to the Wor ld Trade Org nization (WTO) principles in the

Te h ical Bar ie s to Trade (TBT) se the folowing URL: www.iso.org/ iso/for word.html

The committ ee r sp nsible for thisdocument is ISO/TC1 9, Ce amic tie

This se on edition canc ls an r plac s the f irs edition (ISO 1 545-1 :1 9 ), w hich has be n

t ech icaly r vised

A l s of al p rt in theISO 1 545 se ies can be fou d on the ISO websit e

Ceramic tiles —

Part 13:

This document pe ifies a t es method for det ermining the chemical r sis anc of c ramic ties at ro m

t empe atur The method is a plca le t o al ty es of c ramic ties

2 Normati ve r eferences

The folowing document ar r fe r d t o in the t ext in such a wa that some or al of their cont ent

cons itut es r q ir ment of this document F or dat ed r fe enc s, only the edition cit ed a ples F or

un at ed r fe enc s, the lat es edition of the r fe enc d document ( inclu ing any amen ment ) a ples

ISO 3 8 , B oros ilc ate glas s 3.3 — Pro erties

3 Terms and definitions

No t erms an def initions ar lst ed in this document

ISO an IEC maintain t erminolo ical data ases for use in s an ardization at the folowing ad r s es:

— IECEle tro edia: a aia le at ht p:/ www.ele tro edia.org

— ISO Onlne brow sing plat orm:a ai a le at ht p:/ www.iso.org o p

Subje tion of the t es spe imens t o the action of the t es solutions an visual det ermination of at ack

aft er a def ined pe iod

5 Aqueous test solutions

5.1 Household chemicals

Ammonium chloride solution, 1 0 g l

5.2 Sw imming pool salts

Sodium hy ochlorit e solution, 2 mg l, pr p r d from t ech ical grade sodium hy ochlorit e solution

5 % (W/V)

5.3 Acids and alkal s

5.3.1 L w c onc entrations (L)

a) Hydrochloric acid solution, 3 % (V/V), pr par d from conc ntrat ed hydrochloric acid (ρ = 1,1 g ml)

b) Citric acid solution, 1 0g l

c) Potas ium hydro ide solution, 3 g l.

5.3.2 High c onc entrations (H)

a) Hydrochloric acid solution, 1 % (V/V), pr par d from conc ntrat ed hydrochloric acid

(ρ = 1,1 g/ ml)

b) Lactic acid solution, 5% (V/V)pr par d from 85 % lactic acid

c) Potas ium hydro ide solution, 1 0 g l

F or spe ial cases, othe t es solutions ma , up n a r ement b the p rties conc rned, be t est ed using

the proc d r spe ified in this document F or these cases, no r q ir ment is a plca le

6 A pparatus

6.1 Ves el w ith a ld, made of b r osi categlas 3.3 (ISO 3 8 ) or any othe suitablemate ial

6.2 C l nder of b r osi cate glas 3.3 (ISO 3 8 ) or any othe suitable mate ial ha ving a ld or an

o ening for fi ing

6.3 Dr ying o en, ca a le of being o erated at 11 ±5) C

Mic owa e, infrar d or othe drying sy st ems alowing short er drying times ma be used pro ided that

it has be n det ermined that the same r sult ar o tained

6.4 C amois lather

6.5 White cloth, made of cotton or flax

6.6 S alng mater ial (or example, plas icine)

6.7 Balanc e, ac urate to 0,05 g

6.8 Penci, of HB har dnes (or eq iv lent)

NOTE For more information, se ISO 9 77-2

[ 1]

6.9 Electr ic lamp, of 40 W, white inside (or example, si coniz d)

7.1 Number of test specimens

The minimum n mbe of t es spe imens is r p rt ed in Ta le 1 Tes spe imens shal be r pr sentative

of the sample Whe e ties ha e dife ent colours or de orative efe t on p rt ofthe surfac , car

should betaken t o inclu e al dis inctive p rt

Table 1 — Numbe of test specimens

Tile

Ma imum are ,A

(cm 2

)

Total n o

of t est

specimens ( iles)

When A is ≤20 cm

2

, the total no of tes spe imens (ies )

should be suficient o c ver an are of 20 cm

2

7.2 Size of test specimens

Use u damag ed t es spe imens w hich ma be eithe w hole ti es or p rt of ties

F or proc d r with p rtial imme sion, cut a sq ar t es spe imen (5 mm × 5 mm) from each ti e

un e t es

7.3 Preparation of test specimens

Thoroughly clean the surfac with a suita le solvent, for ex mple, ethanol Do not use t es spe imens

with surfac defe t

8.1 A ppl cation of test solutions

Dry each t es spe imens in the drying o en (6.3) maintained o e 1 5 °C ± 5 °C d ring at leas 2 h an

then co l them u ti they r ach ro m t empe atur Tes spe imens shal be t est ed not lat er than 3 h

aft er they ha e r ached ro m t empe atur

Ap ly a u iform layer of the seal ng mat erial (6.6) 3 mm thick t o the rim of the cy lin e (6.2) T rn the

cy lin e upside down ont o a fr sh part of the pro e surfac an seal arou d the rim Pour the t es

solution through the inlet t o a height of (2 ± 1)mm

If it is not practical t o maintain a cons ant level of solution, imme se the t es spe imens ve ticaly t o a

depth of 2 mm in the ves el (6.1) containing the t es solution C ve with the ld (6.1)

The t es solution shal be al of those l st ed in 5.1, 5.2 an 5.3.1; if r q ir d, the t es solutions l st ed in

5.3.2 ma be used

Maintain the t es as embly at (2 ± 5)°C

F or t es ing the r sis anc t o household chemicals, swimming p ol salt an citric acid, maintain the

t es solutions in contact with the t es spe imen for 24 h R emo e the cy lin e an clean the pro e

surfac with a suita le solvent t o complet ely r mo e the seal ng mat erial When the proc d r b

p rtial imme sion is used, maintain the t es solutions in contact with the t es spe imens for 24 h, then

r mo e the t es spe imens

F or t es ing the r sis anc t o hydrochloric acid, lactic acid an p tas ium hydro ide, maintain the t es

solution in contact with the t es spe imen for a t otal of ( 96 + 1) h E sur that the level of the t es

solution does not chang e R eplac the t es solution aft er (48 + 1) h Aft er mor (48 + 1) h, r mo e the

cy lin e an clean the surfac with a suita le solvent t o complet ely r mo e thesealng mat erial

When the proc d r b partial imme sion is folowed, maintain the t es solutions in contact with the

t es spe imens for ( 96 + 1) h, then r mo e the t es spe imens

Thoroughly rinse the spe imens u de ru ning wat er for a pe iod of 1 min t o r mo e any r sid al

t es ing solution If ne ded, clean the surfac with a sof bris le brush t o r mo e t es solutions

Dry each t es spe imens in the drying o en maintained o e 1 5 °C± 5 °C an co l t o ro m t empe atur

befor ev luation

8.2 Deter mination of clas

8.2.1 General

In orde t o as es w hethe the penci t es (desc ibed in 8.2.2.2) is a plca le, draw seve al lnes with

the penci (6.8) on untr at ed p rt ofthe pro e fac of the tie an att empt t o r mo e the marks with

a wet cloth (6.5)

If the penci marks cannot be r mo ed, the clas if ication sy st em of Figur 1 is not a pl ca le an these

ti es shal be r p rt ed as “ Normal clas if ication not p s ible” An alt ernative visual clas if ication is

pro ided for these ties in 8.2.3

8.2.2 Normal clas ification

F or ties pas ing the penci t es , car y out the o e ations desc ibed in 8.2.2.1, 8.2.2.2 an 8.2.2.3 an

a ply the clas if ication sy st em in icat ed in Figur 1

8.2.2.1 Visual examination

Ex mine the pro e surfac that has be n t est ed from al angles from a s an ard dis anc of 2 cm

an u de a minimum artif icial i lumination of 3 0 lx ± 1 lx, with the naked eye or with spe tacles

if usual y worn, for any dife enc in a pearanc from a untr at ed surfac , for ex mple, for chang e

in colour, r fle tion, surfac t extur or the develo ment of bri ianc Aft er ex mination, if the e is

no visible efe t, pe form the penci t es desc ibed in 8.2.2.2 If the e is a visible efe t, pe form the

r fle tion t es desc ibed in 8.2.2.3

8.2.2.2 Penci test

Draw seve al l nes with the penci (6.8) b th on the surfac u de t es and on the untr at ed surfac

A tt empt t o r mo e the penci l nes with the wet cloth (6.5) If the penci marks ar r moved from the

tr at ed surfac , the surfac cor espon s t o clas A If they ar not r mo ed, the surfac cor esp n s t o

clas B

8.2.2.3 Reflectio test

Hold the ti e so that the imag e of the lamp (6 9) is r fle t ed on the untr at ed surfac The angle of

incidenc of the lght upon the surfac shal be a pro imat ely 45° an the dis anc betwe n the tie

an the lght sour e shal be (3 0 ± 1 0) mm The c it erion of ju g ement shal be the sharpnes of the

r fle tion and not the brightnes of the surfac Position the tie so that the imag e fals simultaneously

on b th tr at ed and u tr at ed p rt an det erminew hethe it is any les clear on the tr at ed p rt This

t es can ot be a pled t o c rtain pro e surfac s, in particular, those w hich ar d l In this case, the

proc d r r p rt ed in 8.2.3 shal be used If the r fle tion is clear, the surfac cor espon s t o clas B If

the r fle tion is blur ed, thesurfac cor esp n s t o clas C

8.2.3 A lternati ve visual clas ificatio

F or ties fai ing the penci t es an r p rt ed as “ Normal clas if ication not pos ible” , car y out the

o e ations desc ibed below an a ply the clas if ication sy st em in icat ed in Figur 2

Ex mine the surfac that has be n t est ed from al angles from a s an ard dis anc of 2 cm an u de a

minimum artificial i lumination of 3 0 lx ± 1 lx, with the naked eye or with spe tacles if usualy worn,

for any dife enc in a pearanc from a u tr at ed surfac , for ex mple, for chang e in r fle tion or the

develo ment of bri ianc Use the folowing clas if ication

8.2.3.1 F r test solutions lsted in 5.1 and 5.2

Clas A(V): No visible efe t

Clas B(V): Disc rna le visible chang e in a pearanc

Clas C(V): Partial or complet e los of the original surfac a pearanc

NOTE (V)signif ies “visual clas if ication”

8.2.3.2 F r test solutions lsted in 5.3.1

Clas LA(V): No visible efe t

Clas LB(V): Disc rna le chang e in a pearanc

Clas L (V): Partial or complet e los of the original surfac a pearanc

8.2.3.3 F r test solutions lsted in 5.3.2

If, as a r ed, t es solutions lst ed in 5.3.2 ha e be n used, ties ar divided int o the folowing clas es:

Clas HA(V): No visible efe t

Clas HB(V): Disc rna le chang e in a pearanc

Clas HC(V): Partial or complet e los of the original surfac a pearanc

9 Test r eport

The t es r p rt hal inclu e the fol owing information:

a) a r fe enc t o this document, i.e ISO 1 545-1 ;

b) a desc iption of the ties;

c) theproc d r fol owed: contact on pro e surfac or p rtial imme sion;

d) thet es solutions used;

e) ther sult o tained from the proc d r desc ibed in 8.2;

f) theclas ification for each t es solution an for each t es spe imen

Table 2 — Example of preparation of test solutions

Amou t of

r ag ent

r quir d for

t es solution

Dis i led wat er

r quir d for

t es solution

Ammonium chloride, 1 0g l 9 ,5 % ammonium chloride 1 0 g R eq ired to

prepare 1 l of

test solution

Citric acid solution, 1 0 g l 9 ,5% citric acid 1 0 g R eq ired to

prepare 1 l of

test solution

S dium h pochlorite solution,

2 mg l

Tech ical grade sodium h pochlorite

solution, 5% (W/V)

0,4 mg 9 9,6 ml

Hydrochloric acid solution,

3 % (V/V)

Hydrochloric acid solution,

1 % (V/V)

Potas ium hydro ide solution,

3 g l

9 % potas ium hydro ide 3 ,3 g R eq ired to

prepare 1 l of

test solution

Potas ium hydro ide solution,

1 0g l

9 % potas ium hydro ide 1 1 g R eq ired t o

prepare 1 l of

test solution

8.2.3

8.1

8.2.2.1

8.2.2.2

8.2.2.3

Ho s h ld c emicals an

swim in p ol salts

Figure 1 — Clas ificatio for the chemical resistance of ceramic ties — Normal clas ificatio

8.2.2

8.1

5.1 a d 5.2

8.2.2.1

Ho s h ld c emicals an

swim in p ol salts

Figure 2 — Clas ification for the chemical resistance of ceramic ti es — Alternative visual

clas ificatio

Bibl og raphy

[1] ISO 9 7 - 2, Mecha ic al penc ils — Part 2 : B lack leads — Clas s ific atio a d dimens io s