Tiêu chuẩn iso 08528 8 2016

© ISO 2016 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alternating current generating sets — Part 8 Requirements and tests for low power generating sets Groupes électrogènes à courant alternatif e[.]

Reciprocating internal c ombustion

Part 8:

G ro pe s électro ène s à co ra t alte n tifentraîn s p r moteurs

alte n tifs à comb stion inte ne —

Partie 8: Pre sc riptions et e ssais p ur gro pe s électro ènes de f ible

p issanc

S con edition

2 16-0 -1

Refer ence n mb r

ISO 8 2 -8:2 16(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT

© ISO 2016, P blshed in Sw itz rlan

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F reword i v

1 Sc ope 1

2 Nor mati ve r eferenc es 1

3 Terms an definitions 2

4 Reg ulations and additio al r equirements .3

5 General notes o tests 3

6 Mechanical and electrical desig n (requir ements and tests) 3

6.1 General 3

6.2 Ele trical eq ipment 4

6.2.1 Generator 4

6.2.2 C n e tion of ele tric lo ds 4

6.2.3 S r ews and conne tions 4

6.3 Temperatur e rise 4

6.3.1 General 4

6.3.2 Generator 4

6.3.3 R ICeng ines and othe comp nents 5

6.4 Over lo d con itions 5

6.4.1 General 5

6.4.2 Uncontr oled g ener ator 5

6.4.3 C ntr oled g enerator 5

6.5 Impr ope o eration 5

7 Operating character istic , powe o tput , q alty clas and fuel c onsumption 6

7.1 Stan ar d r efer enc con itions 6

7.2 Start-up an o er ating con itions 6

7.3 Dete mination of pe formanc clas , q alty clas an fuel consumption 7

7.3.1 Pe formanc clas 7

7.3.2 Q ualty clas 7

7.3.3 Fuel consumption 7

7.4 Radio inte fer enc sup r es ion

7 Biblog raphy 8

ISO (he Int ernational Org nization for Stan ardization) is a worldwidefede ation of national s an ards

b dies (ISO membe b dies) The work of pr p ring Int ernational Stan ards is normaly car ied out

through ISO t ech ical committ ees Each membe b dy int er st ed in a subje t for w hich a t ech ical

committ ee has be n es a lshed has the right t o be r pr sent ed on that committ ee Int ernational

org nizations, g ove nmental an non-g ove nmental, in laison with ISO, also take part in the work

ISO cola orat es closely with the Int ernational Ele trot ech ical C mmis ion (IEC) on al matt ers of

ele trot ech ical s an ardization

The proc d r s used t o develo this document an those int en ed for it furthe maint enanc ar

desc ibed in the ISO/IEC Dir ctives, Part 1 In p rticular the dife ent a pro al c it eria ne ded for the

dife ent ty es of ISO document should be not ed This document was draft ed in ac ordanc with the

edit orial rules of the ISO/IEC Dir ctives, Part 2 ( e www.iso.org dir ctives)

A tt ention is drawn t o the p s ibi ity that some of the element of this document ma be the subje t of

p t ent right ISO shal not be held r sponsible for identifying any or al such p t ent right Detais of

any p t ent right identified d ring the develo ment of the document wi be in the Introd ction an / r

on the ISO ls of p t ent de larations r c ived ( e www.iso.org p t ent )

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenienc of use s an does not

cons itut e an en orsement

F or an ex lanation on the meaning of ISO spe ific t erms an ex r s ions r lat ed t o conformity

as es ment, as wel as information a out ISO’s adhe enc t o the WTO principles in the Te h ical

Bar ie s t o Trade (TBT) se the fol owing URL: F or word - Sup lementary information

The committ ee r sp nsible for thisdocument is ISO/TC7 , Inte n l c omb s tio en ines

This se on edition canc ls and r plac s the f irs edition (ISO 8 2 -8:1 9 ), w hich has be n t ech icaly

r vised

ISO 8 2 consis s of the folowing p rt , u de the g ene al title, R ec iproc atin inte n l c omb s tio

en ine dri ven alte n tin c ur ent gene atin s ets:

— Part 1: Ap lc atio , ratin s a d pe frma c e

— Part 2 : En ines

— Part 3 : Alte n tin c ur ent gene ators fr gene atin s et

— Part 4 : Co trolgear a d sw itchgear

— Part 5: G ene atin set

— Part 6 : Tes t meth ds

— Part 7: Te h ic al declaratio s fr s pec ific atio a d des ig

— Part 8: R eq ir ments a d tes ts fr low-p we gene atin s ets

— Part 9: Meas ur ment a d ev lu tion o me h nic al v ibrations

— Part 10: Meas ur ment o airb rne n i se b the en elo in s urfc e meth d

— Part 12 : Eme gency p we s up ly to s afet y serv ic es

— Part 13: S fet y

Reciprocating internal c ombustion eng ine dri ven

Part 8:

This p rt of ISO 8 28 defines design r q ir ment , minimum pe formanc s an ty e t es s for

low-p we g ene ating set driven b r ciprocating int ernal combus ion engines for land an marine use

(domes ic, r c eational an in us rial a plcation), ex clu ing g ene ating set used on air raf

It conc rns mainly low-p wer g ene ating set driven b r ciprocating int ernal combus ion engines for

the g ene ation of single or multiphase alt ernating cur ent or dir ct cur ent up t o 5 0 V The g ene ating

set ar s andard man factur d set

In this p rt of ISO 8 2 , “low-powe ” is taken t o mean rat ed power of a ma nitu e up t o a pro imat ely

1 k W/ 0 Hz, 1 k W/ 0 Hz L w-powe g ene ating set , for the purp se of this Int ernational Stan ard,

ar det ermined b the folowing spe ial featur s:

— theuse s normaly ar la men (for furthe detais, se 3.1);

— thecomplet e g ene ating set is usualy transp rta le or mo ie;

— theele trical output is con e t ed b means of plugs, socket and sc ewed t erminal ex cept for extra

low v ltag es;

— theg ene ating set is r ady for use without any ad itional ins alation work b the use

Gene ating set for spe ial a pl cations or of highe rat ed p we conforming t o the a o e spe ial

featur s ma , b a r ement betwe n man factur r an cust ome , be t est ed in ac ordanc with this

p rt of ISO 8 2 If sup lementary s ipulations ar r q ir d for c rtain a plcations, this is t o be done

taking this p rt of ISO 8 2 as a b sis

This part of ISO 85 8 deals with the spe ial r q ir ment of design an t es w hich ar o se ved

in ad ition t o the def initions an r q ir ment laid down in ISO 8 2 -1, ISO 8 2 - 2, ISO 8 2 -3,

ISO 8 2 -4, ISO 8 2 -5 an ISO 8 2 -6, w he e a plca le

This part of ISO 8 2 does not deal with safety r q ir ment in orde t o prot ect the use from dang ers

w hich ar laid down in ISO 8 2 -1

NOTE T is International Stan ard do s not ap ly to ar welding eq ipment IE 60 74 series)

2 Normati ve r eferences

The folowing document , in w hole or in p rt, ar normatively r fe enc d in this document an ar

in ispensa le for it a pl cation F or dat ed r fe enc s, only the edition cit ed a pl es F or u dat ed

r fe enc s, the lat es edition of the r fe enc d document ( inclu ing any amen ment )a pl es

ISO 3 46-1, Reciprocatin inte rn l comb s tio e ngines — Pe rfrma c — Part 1: De laratio s o p we r, f e l

a d lu ricatin oi cons umptio s , a d tes t meth ds — A ditio al r q ire me nt fr e ngines fr ge ne ral use

ISO 8 2 -1:2 05, R ec iproc atin inte n l c omb s tio en ine dri ven alte n tin c ur ent gene atin sets —

Part 1: Ap lc atio , ratin s a d pe frma c e

ISO 8 2 -5:2 1 , R ec iproc atin inte n l c omb s tio en ine dri ven alte n tin c urrent gene atin s ets —

Part 5: G ene atin s ets

ISO 8 2 -1 :2 1 , R ec iproc atin inte n l c omb s tio en ine dri ven alternatin c ur ent gene atin s ets —

Part-13 : S fet y

ISO 1 5 0:2 0 , Inte n l c omb s tion en ines — Dete min tion a d meth d fr the meas ur ment o en ine

p we — G ene al r q ir ments

IEC 6 0 4-1:2 1 , Rotatin elec tric al machines — Part 1: Ratin a d pe frma c e

IEC 6 3 5-1:2 1 , Ho seh ld a d s imiar elec tric al a pla c es —S fet y — Part 1: G ene al r q ir ment

IEC TR 6 08 , Plu s a d s ocket-o tlets fr domes tic a d s imiar gene al us e — Sta dardi zed in membe s

c ou tries o IE

CISPR 1 , Vehicles,b ats a d inte n l c omb s tio en ines — Radio di s turb nc es charac te i s tic s — Limit

3 Terms and definitions

F or the purposes of this document, the fol owing t erms and def initions a ply

3.1

layman

pe son w ho does not ne es ari y r co niz p t ential dang er r sulting from ele tricity, mo ing p rt or

hot p rt

Not e 1t o entry: T e layman normal y has a lack of training, k owledg an e perience

Not e 2t o entry: S e also Clause 6

3.2

power rating

ele tric powe a ai a le at he outlet or socket of the g ene ating set , ex r s ed in ki owat s (k W ) at

the rat ed fr q ency an the rat ed powe fact or

3.3

rated power

contin ous p we (COP) ac ording t o ISO 8 2 -1:2 0 , 1 3.1, as as igned b the g ene ating set

man factur r

Not e 1 t o entry: T e outp t volta e at the rated power should b within ± 0 % of the nominal rat ed volta e (i.e

the value on la el)

3.4

maximum power

MAX

p we given b multiplying the cur ent and voltag e that the g ene ating set is ca a le ofdelve ing for at

leas 5 min within the v ltag e an fr q ency l mit

Not e 1 t o entry: Pres rib d outp t volta e shal b within ± 0% of the rated volta e an pres rib d outp t

freq ency shal b within ± % of the rated freq ency

Not e 2 t o entry: T e prot ective device shal not b activated for a period of 5 min an the overlo d con itions

shal me t the req irements of 6.4 The minimum ratio b tween the power rating (COP) an the ma imum power

(MAX) shal b P

rated /P

ma

≥ 0,75

thermal steady state co ditio

s ate r ached when the tempe atur rise of the gene ator does not v ry b mor than 2 K over a

pe iod of 1hr

Note 1 to entry: Un er normal test con itions, the RIC engine has f ir t re ched a ste d -state con ition b fore a

set of me surements is taken If not, the permis ible deviations for the ste d -state con itions of the RIC engine

ac ording to ISO 3 4 -3 ap ly

Note 2t o entry: For electrical parts, se IE 60 34-1:2 1 , 3.2 ; for RIC engines, se ISO 1 5 0:2 0 , 6.2.4.3.2

3.6

unco troled g enerator

g ene at or on w hich the e is no lo d- an spe d-depen ent adjus ment of ex citation b an aut omatic

v ltag e r gulat or for control of t erminal voltag e

Note 1 to entry: This inclu es g nerat or with directly acting lo d cur ent-depen ent ex citation devices

(compou ding)

3.7

automatic v ltag e re ulator-co troled g enerator

g ene at or on w hich the t erminal v ltag e is control ed b changing the ex citation b means of an

aut omatic v ltag e r gulat or as a fu ction of lo d an spe d alt ernatively, w he e the t erminal v ltag e is

controled a ut omatical y b means of an inve t er ty eof conve sion sy st em

4 Reg ulations and additional requirements

F or low-p wer g ene ating set , ad itional r gulations depen ing on the location of it o e ation shal

exis These shal r fe t o environmental an safety r q ir ment def ined in the law s an r gulations

of the leg l a uthorities in the dife ent countries w he e g ene ating set ar used The r gulations ar

mainly in the folowing fields:

— noise emis ion lmitation;

— exhaus g s emis ion lmitation;

— ele trical safety;

— fuel sy st ems

5 General notes on tests

Tes s ac ording t o this part of ISO 8 2 ar ty e t es s, u les othe wise spe if ied, the t es s ar made

on a single sample as delve ed, w hich shal withs an al the r lev nt t es s

During the t es s, thet empe atur of the ambient air shal be kept betwe n 1 °C and 3 °C

Gene ating set buit for mor than one ty e of rat ed voltag e, rat ed fr q ency or cur ent hal bet est ed

for al r lev nt o e ating paramet ers

6 Mechanical and electrical desig n (requirements and tests)

The r q ir ment an t es s of this p rt of ISO 85 8 co e me hanical an ele trical pe formanc

A cc pta i ty of the comp nent p rt of the g ene ating set shal be ju g ed on the me hanical an

ele trical s r ngth an r sis anc t o ignition an dist ortion

6.2 Electr ical equipment

6.2.1 Generator

6.2.1.1 Rating and per formanc e

The g ene at or shal me t the r q ir ment of IEC 6 0 4-1 conc rning d ty ty e S1, co e ing rat ed

v lues, ir egularities of wa eform, symmetry of voltag es, ca a i ty of unb lanc d lo d, t empe atur

rise, diele tric pro e ties an short cir uit s r ngth

Complanc shal be che ked b che king man factur r’ s documentation

6.2.1.2 Co nectio to stator or field

A cc s t o brushes shal not be p s ible without t ools S r w ca s or brush holde s shal be sc ewed

a ains a shoulde or a simi ar st op and grip with at leas thr e ful thr ads Brush holde s in w hich the

brush is held in p sition b a locking faci ity shal be made in such a wa as t o ensur that locking is not

dependent on brush spring pr s ur if lo sening of the locking faci ity could give ac es t o l ve p rt

S r w ca s of brush holde s ac es ible from the out ide surfac of the g ene at or shal be made of

insulating mat erial or be co e ed b insulating mat erial of suita le me hanical and ele trical s r ngth

They shal not proje t bey n the sur oun ing surfac of the unit

Complanc shal be che ked b visual inspe tion, me hanical t es ac ording t o ISO 8 2 -1 :2 1 , 6.1

an diele tric s r ngth ac ording t o IEC 6 3 5-1:2 1 , 1

6.2.2 C nnectio of electric loads

Ex cept for extra low voltag es, low voltag es plug -an -socket conne tions ac ording t o IEC TR 6 0 3

( ingle phase)an IEC60 09 (multiphase), or r lev nt national s an ards, shal be a pled

It shal not be pos ible t o confuse plugsan socket outlet for ve y low v ltag e cir uit with those plugs

an socket outlet for low v ltag e cir uit (Ve y low v ltag e ≤ 5 V an 5 < L w v ltag e ≤ 1 0 0 V )

6.2.3 Screws and c onnectio s

S r w s an conne tionsshal be designed in ac ordanc with IEC6 3 5-1:2 1 , Clause 2 C mpl anc

shal be che ked in ac ordanc with IEC 6 3 5-1:2 1 , Cla use 2

6.3 Temperatur e rise

6.3.1 General

During the o e ating of a g ene ating set with given ratings, the pe mitt ed t empe atur l mit shal not

be ex ce ded The mal st eady s at e con ition is ve ified b measuring surfac t empe atur of win ing

an / r lubricating oi t empe atur

The r q ir ment ismet if at a e ag e pe mitt ed p wer an for a minimum ru of 6 min, the pe mitt ed

v lues ac ording t o 6.3.2 an 6.3.3 ar not ex ce ded

6.3.2 Generator

The pe mitt ed t empe atur l mit ar given in IEC 6 0 4-1:2 1 , Clause 8

Complanc shal be che ked b the g ene at or being o e at ed at ambient con itions as def ined in Cla use

5 Tempe atur rise t es and method of measur ment shal be in ac ordanc with IEC 6 0 4-1:2 1 ,

Clause 8

During the tes the a e age pe mitted p we for the gene ating set shal be maintained at a cons ant level

A ccording t o IEC 60 34-1:2 1 , 8.4 the t empe atur rise shal be det ermined immediat ely aft er the

t empe atur rise t es

To measur the t empe atur of the windings the r sis anc method shal be used

NOTE In the case of an asy chronous g nerat or, higher t emperatures can oc ur when the g enerat or is

ru ning at no-lo d or in the part-lo d rang e than when at rat ed power If neces ary, a further temperature rise

test is req ired at part-lo d con itions

6.3.3 RIC eng ines and othe c ompo ents

The t empe atur s ar measur d at the mal st eady-s at e conditions They shal not ex ce d the ma imum

t empe atur s spe ified b the comp nent man factur rs

Complanc is che ked b t empe atur measur ment

6.4 Over load c onditions

6.4.1 General

Ove lo d is l kely t o oc ur in normal use Gene ating set w hich ar t est ed in ac ordanc with this p rt

of ISO 8 2 shal not ufe any damag e as a r sult of an o e lo d w hich could imp ir safety

6.4.2 Unc ontrol ed g enerator

F or g ene ating set with u controled g ene at ors, lo d l mitation is pro ided b means of the spe d an

v ltag e r d ction w hich oc urs with inc easing lo d

This modeofo e ation shal be che ked at ambient con itions in ac ordanc with Clause 5, an at rat ed

p we an rat ed p we fact or in ac ordanc with 7.1; the g ene ating set shal be lo ded with active or

a par nt power t o a o e it rat ed p we u ti ma imum p we oc ursor unti the voltag e dro s t o 0,8

rat ed v ltag e

A t empe atur rise t es is then pe formed at the det ermined working p int for a ma imum of 3 min

or unti the prot ective devic pro ides trips During this t es , the t empe atur rise of the g ene at or

win ings shal not ex ce d the l mit laid down in IEC 6 0 4-1:2 1 , 8.1 1 b mor than 2 K ( i.e for S2

a t otal of 3 K)

6.4.3 C ntroled g enerator

In the case of g ene ating set with controled g ene at ors, the v ltag e also r mains within set l mit with

inc easing lo d The p we sup led b the g ene at or inc eases in pro ortion t o the lo d The p we of

the g ene ating set is g ene aly l mit ed b the r ciprocating int ernal combus ion engine

It is ne es ary t o prot ect a.c g ene at or a ains the mal o e lo ding if u de spe d oc urs Whe e a

sh t down function isused for this purp se, the swit ch b ck ma not oc ur aut omaticaly

This mode of o e ation shal be che ked b lo ding the g ene ating set a o e it rat ed powe up t o the

ma imum a ai a le p wer befor v ltag e col a se This is then folowed b a t empe atur rise t es an

as es ment in ac ordanc with 6.4.2

If the ma imum powe is lmit ed b a prot ective devic the ma imum p we shal t o be maintained for

a pe iod of at leas 5 min In al cases, the overlo d con itions shal me t the r q ir ment of 6.4

6.5 Improper operation

6.5.1 Generating sets ma y only be lo ded up to r ated p we u de the spe ified co lng an

temper atur e conditions If o erating con itions do not conform to the refer enc con itions as s ipulated

in this p rt ofISO 8 2 an if the co lng of the eng ine or the g enerator is imp ir ed (e.g as a r esult

of o eration in r es ricted ar eas), a r ed ction in p we is ne es ary This fact shal be stipulated in the

o eration ins ructions

Complanc shal be che ked b a che k of o e ating ins ructions

6.5.2 Short cir cuit on any of the ele trical output of the g enerating set shal not cause me hanical or

ele trical damag e that could impair safety This also a ples to ele trical char g ing r ectifie s, even in the

event of r eve sal of p larity when con e ted to a char g ed b tte y

Whe e dife ent rat ed v ltag es ar p s ible, incor e t v ltag e sele tion shal not cause any conseq ential

damag e t o the g ene ating set

Complanc shal be che ked b o e ating the g ene ating set unti s a le con itions ar es a l shed,

w hi s short court-cir uiting output t erminals or t erminations an fuses w hich ar ac es ible without

the aid of a t ool Each che k on incor e t ru ning con itions shal be pe formed sep rat ely

Aft er each t es , any prot ection devic that has o e at ed shal be r plac d or r set

F or g ene ating set with a b tt ery charg er output, a ful y charg ed b tt ery is con e t ed in r ve se t o the

output t erminals or t erminations u ti s a le con itions ar es a l shed

During these t es s, the g ene ating set shal not emit flames or molt en metal, or in hazardous amount ,

p isonous or ignita le g s an enclosur s shal not deform t o such an ext ent as t o imp ir compl anc

with this p rt of ISO 8 2

The batt ery used for this t es is a lead acid batt ery ha ing a rat ed DC output v ltag e eq al t o the rat ed

DC output voltag e of the b tt ery-charging cir uit of the g ene ating set an a ca acity of at leas 7 Ah

These con itions ar v l d unles the marking of the b tt ery charg er in icat es that it is int en ed t o

charg e a dife ent ty e of b tt ery, in w hich case the t es is made with a b tt ery of that ty e an w hose

ma imum ca acity is in ac ordanc with the marking on the g ene ating set or in the owne ’ s man al

6.5.3 C ntr ols which dete mine the spe ified eng ine spe d shal be factory safeg uar ded b the

man factur er of the g enerating set agains misuse b the use Wher e sealng is not p s ible or if the

con e ting ln ag e betwe n the spe d g ove nor an the actuator is ac es ible from the exte ior,

short-te m o e spe d to 1,2 timesthe rated spe d shal not cause damag e to the g ener ating sets

Complanc shal be che ked b visual inspe tion and one min t e o e ation at 1,2 timesrat ed spe d

7 Operating characteristics, power output , qual ty clas and fuel consumption

7.1 Standard referenc e c onditions

F or the purp se of det ermining o e ating charact eris ics, p we output, q al ty clas an fuel

consumption, the folowing s an ard r fe enc con itions shal be used

The s an ard r fe enc con itions ac ording t o ISO 3 46-1 an ISO 1 5 0ar as folow s:

— ambient air t empe atur : 2 °C, 2 8 K;

— ambient air pr s ur : 1 0k a;

— r lative h midity:3 %

The t es con itionsshal be ac ording t o Clause 5

7.2 Star t-up and operating c onditions

Gene ating set in ac ordanc with this p rt of ISO 8 2 shal be a le t o s art-up an t o o e at e at

ambient t empe atur s between − 5 °C an 40 °C