KEY REVISION I Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the following sentences 1 Coughing is a of tuberculosis A miserable B epidemic C symptom D Side effect 2 Medicine a disease A can cure B.
Trang 1KEY REVISION
I Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the following sentences.
1 Coughing is a ………… of tuberculosis
A miserable B epidemic C symptom D Side effect 2.Medicine ………… a disease
A can cure B can relieve the symptom of
C can prevent D all of the above
3 Which one of these sentences is Not true?
A Antibiotics can be expensive
B Antibiotics have saved the lives of many sick people
C Antibiotics will help cure viruses.
4.………… prevent some diseases
A There is no vaccine to
B You can have a vaccine injected into your arm to
C Both a and b
5 Tuberculosis spreads …………
A by hand contact
B when people cough and sneeze.
C when people don’t eat garlic
6 What is a pharmacist?
A a person who deals with medication B a person who performs surgery
C a person who goes to the hospital D a person who works in a hospital
7 What are the responsibilities of a pharmacist?
A counseling patients B filling prescriptions
C managing side effects D all of the above
8 Where do pharmacists work?
C government offices D all of the above
Trang 29 What does a pharmacist check for when checking a prescription?
A drug interactions B drug safety
C proper prescribing D all of the above
10 Great care must be taken do not give more than the correct dose Too much………… for too long may cause deafness
C Chloramphenicol D None of them
11 Adults with………… who are allergic to penicillin or who do not get well using penicillin can be given a single dose of 4gm (8ml) of streptomycin inject half the medicine in to each…………
A gonorrhea/ buttock B fever/ arm
C typhoid/ buttock D cough/ thigh
12 Many different medicines sold for pain, arthritis or cold contain………… , but they are more expensive and often do not do any more good than aspirin alone
13 ………… begins suddenly: in most cases, the temperature rise quickly The pulse and breathing are fast Cough begins curly, and at first, it was dry and painful The patient feels ill, has a plush red face and dry tongue
14 Patients with pneumonia need …………
A stay at home and rest B go to the hospital
C rest and sleep D take Aspirin
15 “It helps to calm pain, lower fever, and reduce inflammation It also helps a little to calm count and reduce itching.” What does the word IT mean?
C Chloramphenicol D Aspirin
16 Streptomycin and penicillin together can be used to treat …………
A mild infection B certain severe infection
C neither A nor B D both A and B
17 If a newborn child begins to blood from any parts of his body (mouth, anus…), this may causes by a lack of …………
Trang 318 There may be fever, swollen and tender nerves It may also cause pains, swelling of the hands or feet, or severe eye damage leading to blindness These are the symptoms of
…………
A mild reaction B severe reaction
C shock reaction D lepta reaction
19 Chloramphenicol should be used only for……… and for very ………… or other infections that are not treated with sulfas, penicillin, tetracycline, or ampicillin
A typhoid/ serious diarrhea B serious diarrhea/ fever
C shock reaction/ serious diarrhea D typhoid/ mild diarrhea
20 Pregnant women shouldn’t take tetracycline after the………., because it can damage the baby’s teeth
C fourth mouth D forth month
21 Tetracycline doesn’t ……….common cold For many common infections, it doesn’t work as well as penicillin or sulfas
22 Ampicillin is expensive and sometimes cause diarrhea or thrush, it……… when
a regular penicillin is likely good
A should used B should be used
C should not be use D should not be used
23 Injected penicillin should be used for certain severe infections, including:
A Meningitis, Tetanus B Badly infected wounds
C Severe pneumonia D Both A, B and C
24 Drugs are chemicals that effect human body They have good or bad effects Doctors have used them to cure disease for many years What does the word “they” mean?
Trang 425 Anesthetics put patients to……… during operation so that they do not feel pain
C have a nightmare D calm
26 To help the body make better use of the medicines, always take penicillin on an………., an hour before meals
C empty stomach D stomach irritation
27 Grind up the pill very well or open the capsule and mix the powder with boiled water (that has cooled) and honey or sugar You must add lots of honey or sugar when the medicine is very bitter This is the way for making………
28 ……… may kill some kinds of bacteria necessary for digestion, upsetting the natural balance of bacteria in the gut
29 Eating ……… milk helps to replace necessary bacteria killed by antibiotics like ampicillin and to return the body’s natural balance to normal
30 When antibiotics are used……… , they are extremely ……… and important medicines They fight certain infections and diseases caused by bacteria
A correctly/ useful B uncorrectly/ useless
C correct/ usefully D incorrectly/ useful
Trang 5II Read the sentence and decide if it is True (T) or False (F)
1 All the medicines sold in the pharmacies are useful and needed.F
2 The best medicines can do more harm than good if they are used wrongly.T
3 If the medicine isn’t used correctly, it will be harmless.F
4 Penicillin works against every type of infections.F
5 It is sometimes possible to use a dangerous medicine for a mild illness.F
6 If the medicine does not help, use a higher dose.F
7 People are completely wrong when they use injections of penicillin with streptomycin
for colds.T
8 Sprains, bruises, any pain or fever should be treated with an antibiotic.F
9 Penicillin is safe for everybody.F
10 Drugs are not chemicals.F
11 Aspirin is always safe.F
12 An overdose of a drug sometimes causes death.T
13 Doctors and patients must be careful with drugs.T
14 Drugs are either natural or synthetic.T
15 The same drugs are both beneficial and harmful.T
III Read passage below and choose ONE suitable word from the given ones to fill in each numbered blank
PASSAGE 1
An awareness of the problems (1) Solution may arise due to drug interactions is
Trang 6vital for the practicing pharmacist Today, with the increasing complexity (2) of
therapeutic agents available, and widespread polypharmacy, the potential for drug
(3) interactions is enormous Thus, the importance of drug interactions to the clinical (4) drug today primarily involves knowing or (5) predicting those occasions when a potential (6) clinically interaction is likely to have (7) the significant consequences, and if so, the step which (8) may be taken to (9) avoid them, or alternative (10) treatment
PASSAGE 2
a causes problem h cure the illness
b including doctors and health workers i waste your money
c of no value j people don't like to take medicines
d seek the advice of a health worker k people sometimes use very dangerous
medication for mild ailments
e they get some l to use the correct dose
f when they are necessary m.save your money
g of great value n they do more harm than good
Right and wrong uses of modern medicines Some medicines which are sold in pharmacies can be very useful Others are (1) C Also, people sometimes use the best medicines in the wrong way, so that (2) n To be helpful,
medicine must be used correctly
Many people, (3)b, prescribe far more drugs than are needed and by doing so, they cause
needless sickness and death
Some drugs are much more dangerous than others Unfortunately, (4) k many babies
have died because mothers have given them chloramphenicol for a cold Never use a dangerous medicine for a mild illness
Trang 7Often some health workers and many doctors prescribe medicines when none is needed, often because they think patients expect to receive drugs and will not be satisfied unless
(5) e One must always remember that there is some danger in the use of any medicine.
Tell your doctor or health worker you only want medicine if it is definitely necessary
This will (6) m and will be safer for your health.
Here are some guidelines for the safe use of medicines Firstly, use medicine only (7) f
Secondly, make sure you know the correct use and precautions for any medicine you use
Also, be sure (8) l If the drugs don’t help, or (9) a stop using it Whenever you are in doubt, (10) d
In summary, only use medicines when it is needed and when you are sure how to use it
PASSAGE 3
include
All drugs can affect the body in both helpful and (1) … hamful ways For example, a particular drug may produce a stronger heartbeat (2) as a result from pain or some other desired effects But that drug, (3) like any other drugs, can also cause undesired effects – especially if the (4) dose ……….is too large Such effects might (5) include.fever, high
blood pressure, or constipation
Most drugs produce changes throughout the body because the drugs (6) … circulate through the blood stream (7) … fortunately, most drugs used to affect other parts For example, physicians sometimes (8) prescribe ……….morphine to relieve pain Morphine depresses the activities of cells in the brain and thus reduces the (9) sensation
……… of the pain But morphine also alters the function of cells elsewhere in the body
It may decrease the rate of breathing, produce constipation, and (10) create other
undesired effects
IV Comprehension questions
1 Is there any danger in the use of any medicine? Why?
-Yes,there is.Because some medicines are much more dangerous than others are
Trang 82 When do you use medicines?
-Use medicines only when necessary
3 Why do some health workers and many doctors give medicine when none is needed? -Because they think patients expect to receive drugs and will not be sastified unless they get some
4 What do people use chloramphenicol and penicillin for?
-Use choloramphenicol and penicillin for typhoid
5 Why should the injections of penicillin with streptomycin not be used for cold?
-They should not be used for cold because:they don’t work against cold and flu,they can cause serious problems,sometimes deafness or death,they overuse makes it more difficult
to cure tuberculosis or other serious illnesses
6 When should vitamin B12 and liver extract be used?
-VTM B12 and liver extract used for simple anemia
7 Why shouldn’t vitamin be injected?
-Because injections are more dangerous,more expensive and usually no more effective than pills
8 When do we use an antibiotic?
-Use an antibiotics when necessary
9 Why are antibiotics useful and important when used correctly?
-Because they fight certain infections and diseases caused by bacteria
10 What bacteria do antibiotics often kill?
-Antibiotics often kill the good bacteria along with the harmful ones
11 What happens when bacteria are attacked many times by the same antibiotics?
-Bacteria become stronger and are no longer killed by it
Trang 912 Why are important diseases nowadays becoming resistant to antibiotics?
-Because Antibiotic resistance is accelerated by the misuse and overuse of antibiotics, as well as poor infection prevention and control
13 How do you make syrup by yourself ?
-Grind up the pill very well or open the capsule and mix the powder with boiled water(that cooled)and honey or sugar
14.What does the children’s dose depend on ?
-The children’s dose depend on the weight or age of the child
15 What kind of medicine that patients with hepatitis shouldn’t be taken?
-Patients with hepatitis should’t be treated with antibiotics an other strong medicines
V Translate these sentences into Vietnamese.
1 If people come and ask for cough syrup ,for diarrhea, for vitamin B12 or liver extract to treat simple anemia, for penicillin to treat sprain or ache, for tetracycline when they have
a cold, explain to them that these medicines are not needed and may do more harm than good Discuss with them what to do instead
-Nếu mọi người đến và hỏi về siro ho,thuốc điều trị tiêu chảy,VTM B12 hoặc chiết xuất gan điều trị bệnh thiếu máu,penicillin điều trị bong gân hoặc đau,tetracyline khi bị cảm lạnh,hãy giải thích cho họ rằng dùng thuốc khi không cần thiết sẽ có hại hơn có lợi.Thảo luận với họ về những thứ thay thế
2 Unfortunately, some midwives use these medicines to speed up childbirth or give strength to the mother in labor This practice is very dangerous It can kill the mother or the child Use the medicines only to control bleeding after the child is born (OXYTOXYL)
-Thật không may,nhiều người hộ sinh sử dụng thuốc kích đẻ hoặc tiếp thêm sức cho người mẹ khi lâm bồn.Hành động này rất nguy hiểm.Nó có thể giết chết người mẹ hoặc đứa bé.Chỉ sử dụng thuốc để cầm máu khi đứa bé được sinh ra
3 Penicillin works only against certain types of infections Frequent use of penicillin for sprains, bruises or any pain or fever is a great mistake As a rule, injuries that do not
Trang 10break the skin, even if they make large bruises, have no danger of infection, they do not need to be treated with penicillin or any other antibiotics Penicillin is dangerous for some people Before using it, know its risks and the precautions you must take
-Penicillin chỉ có tác dụng để chống một số loại nhiễm trùng.Thường xuyên sử dụng penicillin để điều trị bong gân,bầm tím hoặc bất kì loại đau nào hoặc khi sốt là một sai lầm lớn.Theo quy định,những vết thương không làm xước da,thậm trí là vết bầm tím lớn,không có nguy cơ nhiễm trùng thì không cần phải điều trị bằng penicillin hoặc bất kì kháng sinh nào khác.Penicillin gây nguy hiểm cho một số người.Trước khi sử dụng,hãy biết những rủi ro và biện pháp phòng ngừa phải thực hiện
4 Injecting calcium into a vein can be extremely dangerous It can quickly kill someone
if it is not injected very slowly Injecting calcium into the buttocks sometimes causes very serious abscesses or infections
-Tiêm calci vào tĩnh mạch có thể gây nguy hiểm.Nó có thể nhanh chóng giết chết ai đó nếu không tiêm một cách từ từ.Tiêm calci vào mông đôi khi gây ra áp xe hoặc nhiễm trùng nghiêm trọng
5 It is always dangerous to give a laxative or purge to a baby or to anyone who is very weak, dehydrated or has severe pain in his belly Unfortunately, people often believe that purges bring back health or clean the bad things out of the body It is explained that purges or strong laxatives nearly always do more harm than good
-Cho trẻ sơ sinh hoặc bất kì ai có sức khỏe yếu uống thuốc nhuận tràng hoặc thuốc xổ luôn luôn là điều nguy hiểm.Thật không may,mọi người thường tin rằng thuốc xổ mang lại sức khỏe hoặc loại bỏ những chất không tốt ra khỏi cơ thể.Nó được giải thích rằng thuốc xổ hoặc thuốc nhuận tràng mạnh thường có hại hơn là có lợi
6 People who are dehydrated or have disease of the kidneys should be especially careful with medicines they take Do not give more than one dose of a medicine that could poison the body unless (or until) the person is urinating normally For example, if a child has high fever and is dehydrated, do not give him more than one dose of aspirin until he begins to urinate Never give sulfa to a person who is dehydrated
-Những người bị mất nước hoặc bị thận nên đặc biệt cẩn thận với các loại thuốc họ dùng.Tiêm nhiều hơn một liều có thể gây ngộ độc trừ khi(hoặc cho đến khi) người đó đi tiểu bình thường.Ví dụ,nếu trẻ bị sốt cao và mất nước,không cho trẻ uống quá 1 liều aspirin cho đến khi trẻ bắt đầu đi tiểu.Không bao giờ được cho người mất nước uống sulfa