Trong kiiim tlinh chit lugng chuong tinh tlao t4o, qr tlimh gie TDG li mQt khau quan trgng trong vifo tlim b.io chdt luqng chuong tinh tlio tao.. TDG girip co so girio dpc, tlorr.vi th1.
Trang 11t{, (bolat
T?p chi Gieo duc (2022),,?21122],,1+53
Phgm Th! Kim Ngoan*,
Nguy6n Hii Tri6u,
Bti Thi Hdng Minh,
ABSTRACT
Accreditation of training program quality is a requirenrent and one of the
srategic goals of higher education instihrtions in order to affirm their status
and brand In particular, s€lf-assessment is an important step in quality
assurance At Nha Trang Univemity, the work canied out in lhe process of
self-assessment of the training program is being canied out in the
conventional approach, causing certain difficrlties in prmf managemenl
prmf coding, comment collection and reporting In this paper, we propose a
iool !o support the self-assessment prcc€ss oftraining prognms at Nha Trang
University The ool's nrain fimctions are sloring evidence centally,
automatically encoding proot, exchanging real-time online, automatically synftesizing ad exporting rcports The tool will help rrembers of the
self-assessment panel to perform their task more effectively, and at the same time,
support tlle Quality Assuranc€ departnent to berer nramge widance and
self-assessment rcports
Article history
Received:-2219D022
Accepted: l2/10n022
Published: 20/1 12022
l M& ttiu
luqng tlio t4o (PhungXudn Nhq, 2009) d6 ph6t ti6n mQt c6ch vrlng chic vi khlng dinh tluo c vi th6 cta minh trong
xi hQi Ki€m tlinh chat lugng gi6o duc g6m c6 hai cip ti ki€m tlinh chit lugng co so girio duc vi ki6m tlinh cldt
luqng chuong trinh tlio t4o Trong kiiim tlinh chit lugng chuong tinh tlao t4o, qr tlimh gie (TDG) li mQt khau quan trgng trong vifo tlim b.io chdt luqng chuong tinh tlio tao TDG girip co so girio dpc, tlorr.vi th1.rc hien chuong trinh
dho t?o tu rir so6t, xem xdt, d6mh gi6 thqc qang cua chuong tinh tlio t4o; $y dpg vi ri6n khai cic k6 hogch hanlr tlQng nhim cdi tiih va n6ng cao ch6t lugng chuong trinh tlio t4o; tu <t6 diriiu chinh muc ti6u cho giai tloqn tiiip tlreo theo hu6ng cao hor K6t qui cua hoat il$ng TDG li hin b6o c.io TDG duqc vi61 tlrco mQt b0 ti6u chuen ddnh gi6
chdt luqng dA lua chpn
Hien nay, mot sd vigc tri€n khai li€n quan tl6n vi6t b6o c6o TDG chuong ninh tlio t4o tai Tnrorg D4i hqc Nha Trang nhu: vi€t b6o crio, g6p ! cheo, phdn biQn cua chuy6n gla ma hoa minh chung, dang tlugc thUc hiQn theo
TDG mat nhi€u fioi gian dd thgc hiQn nhiQm vU nhung d6i khi vin xdy ra sai sol dlc bi6t trong vifo quh li minh
chrmg (minh chtmg) vn ma hoa hQp minh chring Trong bai hio nay chtmg t6i tlua ra thuc tang v6 vift TDG chuong fiinh dao tao tei Truorg D4i hgc Nha Tmng vd ar d6 d6 xuit mQt giai phAp nhem tiCt kigm fioi gian vi ning cao hiQu qu.i khi thuc hiQn c6c nhiQm qr tlugc n6u d t€n &6ng qua x6y dmg mot cong cu hd trq vi6t bAo c6o TDC chuong uinh ddo tro Cdng cg s€ h6 trg tl6c lgc cho cric thanh vi6n trong qu6 trinh vi6t hio c6o TEG Hon nta, c6ng cy niy gitp cho phdng D6m bAo chat lugng quen I minh chtng, cric Mo c6o TDG t6t hon va h6 trq doan ddnh gi6 ngodi trong qu6 trinh kheo sit vd drinh gi6 t4i Tnrong
2 K6t qui nghiGn c[,u
2.1 Quy tritrh 4r iliah gin chn ng iinh itio tqo
TDG chuong trinh tl?ro t4o Li quri trinh co so girio duc., tlon vi vin hanh chuong trinh dio tao qr xem xet, nghien cuu mfc ilQ d6p ung bQ ti€u chu6n ttturh gi6 ch6t luqng d€ brio cri,o ve tinh trAng ceu mic, nQi dung chuin 4au p
"*
chuong trinh.tldo t4o; hi€u qu,i hoat dQng tlao t4o, nghidn crru khoa hqc; nhan luc; co so vat chet vA cAc v6n d6 li6n
quan kh6c d6 co so gi6o duc.vd don vi vin hanh chuong trinh tlio tao ti6n hinh didu chinh aic ngudn luc vi qu6
ainh thuc hi0n nhem dat chuin chdt lugng gui,o drrc
Keyrvords
Cuniculu4 quality
assurance, higher education,
self-assessmenl information
technolory
Trucmg D4i hqc Nha Trang
+ flic g i IiAn h€ o Enail: ngoanptk@Vtu.edu.w
Trang 2E T?p chi Gi6o duc (2022).22(221,4*53 ISSN: 2354-0753
Theo C6ng.vin sri 2085/QLCL-KDCLGD (Cuc QuriLn li ch6t luong - BQ GD-DT, 2020), quy trinh TDG chuong ainh deo qo gdm qic bu6c nhu sau:
- Lap hoi d6ng TDG:
- Ldp k€ hoach TDG;
- Thu thap, phan tich vd xri li th6ng tin vi minh chimg Trong tl6:
+ Thu thip th6ng tin vi minh chrhg: Cin ct vio cic Phi€u phin tich ti6u chi, thu th6p th6ng tin vd minh chimg,
nh6m c6ng tric tluo c phin c6ng ti€n hanh thu th{p th6ng tin, minh chrmg, s6p x€p minh chung dreo tht tu nQi hem
ti6u chi
+ Xt li, phen tich cec thdng tin va minh chrmg thu tlugc: Hdi dttng TDG th6o lu{n cic minh chrhg cho trhg ti€u chi tl6 thu thip cua nh6m c6ng tic Cric minh chtmg pht hqp voi nQi him ti6u chi sE tlugc sir dung fong muc "M6
6 hien trang" cua phi€u tlffi gi6 ti6u chi Cric minh chrmg tru6c khi stl dpng ph6i tluo,'c m6 hoa voi muc dich gg4
tien ua crru
r St dung minh chung: M6i minh chung chi dugc ma h6a mOt lin Minh chung duqc dtng cho nhidu fi6u chi uong mQt ti6u chuin ho& nhi6u ti€u chu6n fii mang mi minh chtmg cta ti€u chi, ti6u chuin tlugc st dung lan thri
nhat
+ Lm lxi vA brio quin: minh chtmg tlugc luu tr8 vi bdo qu.in theo quy dlnh cta Luat luu tr0 va cec quy dinh
hifn hanh
- Vi6t brio c6o TDG: Ciu trlc biio c6o TDG chuong trinh tlio tao dugc ban hanh theo Th6ng nr s6
luqng - BQ GDDT,20l9a), C6ng vin Ei tOeSlQI-Cr-roCrCD (Cpc Qr-ran li chit lugng - BO GD-DT,20l9b),
C6n[ van Ei ZO8sIQI-CI KDCLGD (Cuc Qu.in li chit lusrg - BO GD-DT, 2020) vi C6ng vnn si
+ Phen l: T6m tiit b6o c6o TDC, md ti ng6n gon muc dich quy trinh TDG, phuong ph6p vi cdng cu damh gi4
gioi thi6u tong quan v€ su mang, tim nhin, c5c chinh siich chdt lugng vi hoet <lQng tLirn bdo chit luqng cua Truorg,
Khoa vd chucmg trinh dio t4o
+ PhAn 2: TDG theo c6c ti6u chuin, tiCu chi Bd tieu chuin danh gi6 chuong tinh tlio tao theo th6ng hr 04 g6m
I I ti6u chuin voi 50 tieu chi M6i IiCu chi can $inh bny dt 5 noi dung: ( I ) M6 tri: M6 ti vi nhin <linh tlqrc tpng cta
chuong rrinh ddo tao theo cdc y€u ciu trong nQi him cua ti€u chi M6i nQi dung m6 ti cin gin voi minh chung li6n
quan d6 chung minh; (2) Di6m manh: Phin tich vi chi ra rom tit ntrfng aiBm n .'anh n6i b{r cua chuong trilh dno qo
trong vi0c drip fng cic y€u cdu cua ti€u chi; (3) Di6m t6n tai: PhAn tich vA chi ra t6m tlt nhtn€ di€m tdn tai cua chuong rinh tldo t4o chua tl6p ung theo ydu ciu cua ti6u chi; (4) K6 hoach hanh tlQng: K6 ho4ch ptrit huy mltmanh,
+ Phan 3 : T6m dr nhirng diiSm manh vd nhtng di6m cin ph6t huy cing nhu nhtng di6m ttiin tai vi nhtng v6n tl€
cin cii ti€n, t6ng hgp k€t qua TDC chuong trinh tlio t4o
+ Phan 4: Phu l\rc g6m co so dt li€u ki€m tlinh ch6t luqng gi6o duc, c6c tii ligu li6n quan, danh mgc minh chimg
tld st dqng
(5) Lm trir vi sri dung b6o c6o TDG
(6) Tri6n khai clc hoat dQng sau khi hoan lhanh Mo cio TDG.
2.2 ThW ngng viA kia cda ty i&inh gid tqi Trunng Dgi hqc Nha Tmng
Hoat tlong TDG chuong trinh dio t4o ld mot hoat dong tlugc di6n ra tlinh ki, c6 sg tham gia cua nhi€u ci nhAn
tong tlon vi v6n nant chucmg trinh tlio t4o, tt6ng thoi c6 su ph6i tqp voi cic si nhin, don v! kh6c trong Truong vi thii,;6 ri,3n khai c6ng viec tfuqc hiqu qui c6n c6 kii ho4ch cu th6 cho viqc TDG Kii hoach thgc hi€n TDG chuong trinh tlao qo t4i Tnrong Dai hgc Nha Trang tlang tlugc tri€n khai gdm aic buoc chinh nhu sau(Truorg fui hgc Nha Tmng, 202 I ): ( I ) Thanh bp hQi d6ng TDG, Ban thu ki vir cric nh6m chuy€n mich; (2) LAp k€ ho4ctt TDG; (3) Tip
(5) Luu trt, st dung b6o c6o TDG vi tl6ng ki iiinh gi6 ngoii.
Trong budc'!ii!t b6o c6o TDG", thanh vi6n trong c6c nh6m sE thgc hiQn.nhi€m vp tluo c ph6n cdng theo ti6n trinh: (l) M6i nh6m chuy6n tnich tlugc phin c6ng vi6t b6o crio TDG thanh phan cho 2-3 ti6u chuin; (2) Cic nh6m
chuy€n tnich trong ctng mQt chuong tinh dio teo g6p i ch6o bao cio thanh phdn cho nhau; (3) C6c nh6m chuy€n
nich c6p nhAJ b6o c6o thdnh phin dya tr&r s\r tham khno f ki€n cua nh6m kh6c; (4) Ban thu ki t{p hgp cric hio c6o
ma* ptran tu crlrc ntr6m chuy€n hich tlii viiit hio ctio tliy dn Sau il6, Ban thu ki vd crlc nh6m chuy€n tnich cirng
Trang 3Tap chi Gieo dlc (20221,22(22),4&53 ISSN:2354-0753
nhau thno lqin d6 th6ng nh6t brlo cio; (5) 86o c6o sau khi th6ng nh6t sd tluqc gui cho td chuydn gia phan biqn, nhan xet; (6) Y ki6n phan.biQn cta t6 chuy€n gia <lugc chuyen l4i cho cric nh6m chuydn tnich ti€n hrimh cip nh{t, k6 tiep
ban thu ki th6ng nh6t b6o c6o vi gui l4i cho t6 chuyEn gia nh.in x6t Vdng tuin hoan niy sE k€t thtic khi brio c"lo
tlugc hoin chinh
Hoat dQng thu thrip vd luu trfi minh chung vi6t vd ltru rt brlo cio TDG chuong tinh dao tao t?i Truong Dai hqc Nha Trang dang dugc tri6n khai theo c.ich th6ng thuong n€n con nft y5 mat h?n chii, cU thii dO h: 1t ; Luu u[ minh
chung: Chua c6 hQ th6ng luu trt minh chung tip trung, m5i tlon vi lrru trt minh chrmg ttreo cich ri6ng ouu qt trDr.lg
miy tinl, Google Drive, website don vi, ), tli6u nay hm cic nh6m chuydn tnich khi tlru th6p minh chrmg mat nhi6u thoi gian, c6ng sric va kh6 khin trong viQ" tr 9li, minh chung; (2) T6ng hgp bio c6o: Ctic nh6m chuy€n hich sri dgng phen m€m so?n thao vdn ban Word d6 vi€t c6c brlo c6o 0ranh ph6n M[c dt ild co quy dinh vd tlinh dang cric muc trong beo ceo, nhung vin xiy ra trudng hqp mQt s{5 nQi dung trong clchio cio thanh phnn c6 tlinh dang ktr6ng
thdng nhdt Ban thu ki m6t nhi6u c6ng sric tl€ t{p hgp cic b.io crio dranh phdn vri chinh stra cho tlung dffi dang y€u
ciu; (3) Trao tl6i giEa ciic tlrinh vi6n, c.ic nh6m: G6p f cua olc thanh vi6n trong nh6rq g6p j chdo cta cic nh6m
chuydn tnich, phan bi6n cua t6 chuy€n gia cht y6u dugc n-ao tl6i qua email hoEc.nh6m chat Zalo Do v{y, aic r}r6ng
tin trao ddi bi phan trin, kh6ng tip trung giy kh6 khen cho thnnh vien tiep nhan dii c.ap nhdt b6o c6o; (4) ME h6a minh
chrmg: Vi€c mA h6a hQp minh chung tlang duoc thyc hiQn thtl c6ng n6n rrir nhiAu thoi gian tlii thuc hi6n vi d6 rey
ra sai s6t
23 Gini phtip hd nq viA hio criLo 4r ai* giri chutng trinh dto tqo bdng c6ng nghQ t6ng tin
Ngdy nay, CNTT duoc img dqng trong nhidu linh 4rc cua tloi s6ng xi h6i vA rnang lainhidu lqi ich cho cQng d6ng Tu do viEc ting cuong ung dung C'I,,Jfi o mQl sd budc cua quy trinh kidm dinh chit luqng gi6o duc nhim
gidm chi phi thuc hi€n (BQ GD-DT, 202.1) li mot trong nhtng muc ti€u dugc det ra hring diu Trong buoc TDG, co
sd gi6o duc ting cudng su dung phin mdrq tmg dpng d6 0rpc hiQn kii da vifu sO hoa minh chrmg phuc w cho TDG
girio d\rc li cj.'n thi€r Vi v6y, chung tdi tl6 d,! xu6t xay d1lng c6ng qr h6 trq qu6 rrinh TDG chuong trinh ttio tao, cu th€ ld ung dung CNTT vdo mdt so cdng vi6c tong bu6c (3), (4) (5) cua quy ainh TDG chuong trinh tldo tao C6ng
PHP manh vd linh hoal Laravel girip hifn thgc hoa f n"rong cua bai torin voi sU han chd ma thua, su dgng c.ic ti6u chudn,mi h6a hiQn tl4i, c6 mQt cQng dting lon vi mQt h6 sinh th6i cong cu manh me.(Matt Sra!ffer, 2019)lC6ng qr
d€ xuet c6 cric chuc ndng chinh nhu sau: (l) Luu tt, qurin I minh chtmg qrc tuytin; tim ki6m vi tlinh kim minh
dung cua cic b,lo crlo thad phdn; (3) CQn cic hio cio thinh phrin cua lung ti6u chi thanh mQt hio c.rlo r6ng hgp, tg
tl6ng rlinh dang brlo cdo thm dung quy dinh; (4) TU d6ng rna h6a hdp minh chrhg vi chin mi h6p minh chirng vio
vi tri nrong ung trong brlo uio; (5) So s.ffi sg kh6c nhau gita phi6n ban brlo ulo hiQn tai va phi€n ban hrdc d6; (6) Phin quy6n cho c6c nhom nguoi dung
D€ luu trir minh chLmg tip trung cong cg co co so d[ liQu gom nhiiu bing trong tlo c6 oic bring li€n quan <tih
dt li€u minh chung (Lo4i minh chrimg, minh chung, chi ti6t minh chimg, tlon vi cung cip minh chrmg) ten MySQL.
dt liQu th6ng qrla c6c co so dt liQu Moi co so du li{u co thd co nhieu bdng quan hQ chria d[ liQu MySQL m tru
tliiim: 6n tlinh, dE su dung vi hoat tlQng tr€n nhiiu hQ didu hanh cung cip m6ing t6ng lon cic hnm tiQn ich r,ir manh
(Nixon, 2018).
Vi€c g6p 1i cheo giria c6c nh6m chuy6n trdch vi phan bifn nr t6 chuy6n gia, thay cho c6ch thric dung ttru diQn tu
(email) hoAc nhom chat Zalo trong cong cU co phin trao ddi st dung cdng ngh( Websocket tl6 cric thanh vidn co thd g6p y theo thoi gian thpc (real time) Websocket li giao thtic h6 tro giao tiiip hai chi6u gita client vd server tl€ tao m6t ket noi.trao ddi di li6u (Pimentel& Ni"kerson,_2012; Soewito et a1.,2019) WebSocker cung ijp giao thric giao
ti€p hai chi6u manh md, c6 dQ tre th6p vi dd xu li l6i Websocket thudng dugc su dung cho nhtng tudng hqp yeu
ciu thoi gian thuc (Murley et al., 2021)
C6c.nh6m chuy€n tnich vi6t brio crio cho cric ti6u chi tluoc phin c6ng tryc d6p uen cong cp ftinh l) Trong qui
trinh vi6t b6o c6o, cic minh chimg dugc ch6n vio qua nit "Minh chrmg" - mQt chric ning <lugc th€m vio trinh soan th6o st dqng ndn ting TinyMCE T€n minh chwrg sE hi6n thi tai v! tri tluoc chen trong b6o c6o voi tlinh dang in ddm dii cric thanh vi€n d6 ding kiiim tra khi cin.
VJE
Trang 4ttr Tap chi Gi6o duc (2022\,nQA,4$53 ISSN:2354-0753
rr da a crEr aa Aobtt !d,drL.{( t h !& u.L r!aa tia** $d +lt ci ra * lar ca !,
ntl.Lardan Dl dh D) rr \lTn lha *h li!a S r 9- rdrtnloa|Irt* a{& tt!I.!aa.3 d !l rn
r, {lA r vi ch)rar r.o.i{ lta !!t U ru O {F do E olaIUrqs},L.CglrAdcrrmB.a.]rbE0h d.!rtripllnTrr-tt a at{' i'rrs a J n ri dt kd.tthalaarqcrEa|crrltliTn(rt'ttr
r& dl ci cIDIil at & $,f ( rl, d5a ri ri df clEI rtl.a {n & vl dl't rl! dt( lt rlt tlh ud torf atl
r*irill raol4ddc*!i&r.ra.O rF0t rtirtara.
8,rc cac
ffinh l nlat hinh vi€t/cdp nhQt bdo aio cua nflt tieu chi
Sau khi cdc nhom chuyen [iiah hoan thanh cdc 0ranh.phdn cua brlo c6o TDG, thinh vien duqc ilr.en quyil c6 66
chgn chirc ning xuit Mo oio trong tmg dqng; hlo cdo t6ng hqp sC tU dQng duqc tao ra bang viQc g$p t6t cir cAchfrLD
i tllnh d4ng b6o cio theo thmg quy tlinh
c6o, crlc minh chring se duqc tu ddng rne h6a theo quy tllnh Sau tlAy li f nrong mi h6a minhcbung
trong c6ng cu: DuyQr lin lugt qua n$i dung m6 tri cua fung ti6u chi; Tim tliin vi ticua minh chimg; Thay
minh chtmg tl6 cic l6n theo ndu g6p €n minh chrmg tuong t.u thi sC khdng tao moi hQp minh chung mn Ey mA hQp minh chung da
ltP
t6n
tii!p
tal
minh chung thanh me hQp minh chtmg, ttdng thoi dung mQt mang lm ffi mA hQp
Luu tl6thual to6n cta vifu me hoa hQp minh chrmg tdnh bay hong hinh 2
the t6n
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Trang 5Eil T?p chi Gieo duc (2022],,22(22),4V53 ISSN: 2354-0753
r6t qud xuAt ra b6o c6o TDG theo d voi minh ch(m oa mahoa nhu hinh 3
rr.dJrr.t .Ers rq.ttrirt ,-rr{!a{ra} ,aar.Q.iri.r-rrrrral.t
.r.a I r c la ra r.l Gr + tl \.
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.-dcIDld-d.-l'- FL.ldabFrn.16-rE ria .i rI * di' a- - n rb L rr i- t iL - rl ,a dr.rffiti-n r.ra-d-hFt r-a.rG-tEd
{ac lF ril iraa tl lil5y - ar9 - !r.LrL tlc.ha ra !q E r-.*d.E i.t tt -lr qqt'l r.r ' rL rro rfl:d d * b.* ait rl-l-aaxt r F, d iL? xTrti dr-r.5
.I-^-.: r a-dq-irrda atrdc'.I Li-anL-(tr
.rr E r&lf,r,lrr,Il !.51-".d"brsdt *-rr.da.-.cTmrh *od'i.datr.!as!.rhti
raF dr .i cYuI r.y dE Fa rr '{t 6 { c *r d- ,i qr
'.6 Gml Gl.r dr-.(sfl
I
Ilinh 3 Minh chring drqc md h6a tu dQng khi xudt bdo cdo ra tqp tin Word
Chuc ntrng so.vinh hai phi6n briLn b,lo c.io trong c6ng qr duo c cii dft beng cich sri dung mQt thu vien Thu vien
niy ilugc ph6t tri6n dga t€n tlruat to6n tim tluong <li ngnn nh6t/ dai nhit trong <16 th1 chinh sta tl€ giii quy€t bai todn k6p tim d6y con chung dai nt6t cua hai diy A vd B vi chinh sra ngin nhat de bien A thinh B (Eugene, 1986) Trong
c6ng cg, n$i dun kh6c nhau git^a hai phi6n bd.n b6o c6o tlugc t6 mau n6n nhu hinh 4
Hinh 4 Kd qua so sanh sv khdc nhau giia hai phiAn ban fuio crio Ngodi ra, cOng qr cdn c6 chfc nnng phin quyAn cho cric nh6m nguoi dung kh6c nhau nry theo nhiQm 4r tlugc
phAn cdng trong hQi tl6ng TDG
3 K6t hfln
TDG chuoag trinh tldo tao li hoat tlQng c6n ttridt vi li co so cho viQc Lip k6 hoqch, tri€n khai thuc hiOn k€ hoach n6ng cao ch6t luqng chuong trinh dao teo Hoet dQng TDG di6n ra tlinh ki, c6 sg tham giacua nhiAu c6 nh6n trong
don vi thuc hi6n chuong rinh dAo tAo vd cAc c6 nh6n, don vi khic trong Truong, tldi h6i nhi€u c6ng sirc vi thoi gian
M vpy, gi6i ph6p su dpng cong cU h6 [q qui tinh TDG chuong tinh tldo t4o co th6 mang lai hiQu qui nhat dinh cho qurl trinh TDG chuong rinh tlao 4o t4i Truong D4i hgc Nha TranC
C6ng cu tlugc tl€ xu6t m cic chrrc ntrng chinh: Luu trt minh chung vi cic th6ng tin li€n quan tl6n minh chimg;
tra criu minh chimg; so?n thao trqc ti€p nQi dung cic ti€u chi, ti€u chuin vi kdt xuAt ra t{p tin brio crio d4ng vin bdn
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Eugene, W M (1986) AnO(ND) difference algoritrm and is variations Algoithmica, l(14),251-26f.
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Nixon, R (2018) Leamile PlP nlySQL & JnaScript with j@erl, CSS & HTML, (sth Edition) O'Reilly.
Phung Xuan Nha Nguydn Vi6t Lgc D6 Thi Nggc Quy€n (2009) Kiin ilinh cltir hryng giao duc voi vdn de ty ch)
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Pimentel, V., & Nickerson, B C (2012) Communicating and Displaying Real-Time Data with WebSocket /EEE
Intemet Computing, /(4), 45-53 hftps://doi.org/ l0.l lD9lmic.2012.G
Soewito, B., Ckistian, G., Fergynto, E., D., & Kusuma I G P (2019) Websocket to Support Real Time Smart Home Applications Procedia Computer Science, 157,560-566 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2019.09.014 Stauffer, M (2019) Laravel: Up & Running: A Frameworkfor Building Mo&m PHP Apps (2nd Edition) O'Reilly.
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Urley, P., M4 2., Mason, J., Bailey, M., &l{hxraz, A (2021) Websoclct Afuption and the Lan^cape of the Real-Time Web Pmceedings of the Wodd Wide Web ConfeEnce, I I 9-l 203 hups//doi .or9ll0.ll45B44238l .3450063
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