Vỏ não potx

Central fissure 32 ra 10 17 Lateral fissure 20 Figure 47-5 structurally distinct areas, called Brodmann’s areas, of the human cerebral cortex.. Note specifically areas 1, 2, and 3,

VO NAO ThS Nguyễn Thị Hoài Châu

Central fissure

32

ra

10

17

Lateral fissure

20 Figure 47-5

structurally distinct areas, called Brodmann’s areas, of the human cerebral cortex Note specifically areas 1, 2, and 3, which consti- tute primary somatosensory area |, and areas 5 and 7, which con- stitute the somatosensory association area.

Primary somatic Supplemental, Primary motor

Secondary somatic

Secondary visual

ie * _

Area

Limbic

Association

auditory auditory

Locations of major association areas of the cerebral cortex, as well

as primary and secondary motor and sensory areas

Primary — ~

se—À Hip

——Í

\ ws

SS "

Y OS LL AVES

a % SES RA C8

% SS er? 4 si

2 Xe

eye?

roy

mm

Jaw g

On Oo

S Qua S|

Mastication

Salivation\

Figure 55-2

Degree of representation of the different muscles of the body in

the motor cortex (Redrawn from Penfield W, Rasmussen T: The Cerebral Cortex of Man: A Clinical Study of Localization of Func- tion New York: Hafner, 1968.)

Primary somatic Supplemental, Primary motor

Secondary somatic

Secondary visual

ie * _

Area

Limbic

Association

auditory auditory

Locations of major association areas of the cerebral cortex, as well

as primary and secondary motor and sensory areas

Primary — ~

: è i | /

emery ly \

# \ \

tố, Vàeš9g£z £ÿ Ì

AS\A S 40 SINH vu

KA qt? 8 te

Bọ ^ COLA ^ wa\9

an Gye CÁ

es

!—~upper lip

— Lips

i— Lower lip

i—Teeth, gums, and jaw

|— Tongue

— Pharynx

— |Intra-abdominal

Figure 47-7

Representation of the different areas of the body in somatosen- sory area | of the cortex (From Penfield W, Rasmussen T: Cere- bral Cortex of Man: A Clinical Study of Localization of Function New York: Hafner, 1968.)

Somatosensory area |

Thorax area ||

Neck Shoulder Hand

Fingers Tongue Abdomen Leg

Arm Face

Figure 47-6

Two somatosensory cortical areas, somatosensory areas | and Il

Map of specific functional areas in

the cerebral cortex, showing espe-

areas for language comprehension

and speech production, which in 95

per cent of all people are located

in the left hemisphere

mete Be he he Oe

Limbic Association

Wernicke‘s

Area

\ \ interpretative

——— 7 'í Ỷỷ~——_—- —Ỷ}S< << -

WEmilckei S area

ỷ——

Figure 57-7

Organization of the somatic auditory and visual association areas

into a general mechanism for interpretation of sensory experience

All of these feed also into Wernicke’s area, located in the postero- superior portion of the temporal lobe Note also the prefrontal area and Broca’s speech area in the frontal lobe

Facial

recognition area

Figure 57-6

Facial recognition areas located on the underside of the brain in the - medial occipital and temporal lobes (Redrawn from Geschwind N: Specializations of the human brain Sci Am 241:180, 1979 ® 1979 by Scientific American, Inc All rights reserved.)

Alpha WAV WW

Beta YEA NYY

Theta “Wy YL AL

50 uV

Delta DS LI J50u

1 sec

Figure 59-1

Different types of brain waves In the normal electro-

encephalogram.

^.~——— LE “~- ~~x*

Alert wakefulness (beta waves)

Quiet wakefulness (alpha waves)

—WM_—————

Stage 1 sleep (low voltage and spindles)

LY rr 50 uV

Stages 2 and 3 sleep (theta waves)

“XS *+⁄t`*z*⁄v

Stage 4 slow wave sleep (delta waves)

WWw&x+*>x⁄*L~ — MÀ, xa i>

REM sleep (beta waves)

1 sec

Figure 59-4

Progressive change in the characteristics of the brain waves during different stages of wakefulness and sleep.

_] 100 nv

Grand mai

Petit mai

"]50 uV

Psychomotor

Figure 59-5

Electroencephalograms in different types of epilepsy.