Travel to Bristol ppt

Download free ebooks at bookboon.com5 A visit to Bristol www.bristol.gov.uk Bristol has been one of England's leading cities culturally and economically throughout the many recent cen

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A visit to Bristol

www.bristol.gov.uk

Bristol has been one of England's leading cities

culturally and economically throughout the many

recent centuries, which has resulted in any

interesting sights Especially, the trade along the

river has left its mark in the last two hundreds years,

and the artificial harbour, Floating Harbour, now

forms the background for a lot of culture,

promenades, and great atmosphere

There are several museums, for instance the ship SS

Great Britain, which was the largest ship in the

world at the time of its construction in 1843 The

British colonial history is told elsewhere in the city,

which also offers art, entertainment, and great

shopping opportunities Bristol is beautifully located

by the River Avon Immediately left of the town

centre, the rocks rise majestically above the river

banks in Avon Gorge, which is one of the

unforgettable experiences of the city The city is also

the gate to wonderful trips in the southwest

England; you can easily go to the cities Bath and

Wells, which both complement Bristol's presence of

history

Enjoy your stay!

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Historical Outline

Bristol came into existence as a city in the 11th

century, then under the name of Brycgstow, which

means 'the place by the bridge.' As the name implies,

it was a crossing place, and following the actual

settlement was established, the castle Bristol Castle

was built as a defence of the place As early as in the

12th century, the channel of the River Avon was

used as a harbour, and especially served the English

trade with Ireland

The city flourished and production and shipbuilding

were some of the things that attracted an increasing

number of people to the city In the mid-1300s,

Bristol was, with its almost 20,000 citizens, the third

largest in the country, only surpassed by London

and York

However, the number of citizens decreased,

especially with the arrival of the plague in 1348-1349

It caused a backlash in development; however, the

number of citizens remained above 10,000, which

still made it a large city by the standards of the time

In 1373, King Edward III announced that the city

of Bristol was to become a city in its own region,

Bristol County This was the first recognition of the

city as the centre of the southwest England

In 1497, the Italian explorer Giovanni Cabato left

Bristol for America Cabato was hired by England

and is known here as John Cabot The journey was

the first journey where Europeans sat foot in the

American mainland since the Viking Age Bristol

had the second largest harbour of England and was

located to the west, which made it a natural point of

departure in the ship Matthew Cabot is believed to

have disembarked at Cape Bonavista in

Newfoundland

In 1542, Bristol received city rights and at the same

time, the abbey church, St Augustine, was elevated

to the city's cathedral Again, Bristol experienced a

growth, which lasted for the following centuries,

only interrupted by the English Civil War in the mid 17th century when battles and diseases broke out

Especially, the colonial trade brought growth to Bristol and England from the 1600-1700s The slave trade was profitable, and throughout the 1700s, around 2,000 slave ships were prepared for the sails to Africa and North America in Bristol

The end of the slave trade in 1807, the war with France, and the British industrial revolution, which began in the new industrial cities in mid-and north England, competed with the traditional economic centres such as Bristol

Plans were made for the extension of the city's harbour, so the tide of the River Avon would not hinder the constant ship traffic The harbour was established, and an entire industry arose in Bristol Through the 1800s, the number of citizens exploded from 66,000 in 1801 to more than 300,000 at the end of the century

One of the industries, which arose in the 20th century, was the production of aeroplanes

Because of this, Bristol became a bombing target during the Second World War The actual targets were of course the industries, but the centre of Bristol around Broadmead and Bristol Castle was also heavily bombed, and you can still se

preserved ruins from that time today

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In the period following the Second World War,

Bristol has been characterised by two things; the

rebuilding of the town centre and the transfer of the

primary harbour to the city of Avonmouth at the

mouth of the River Avon The rebuilding of the

town centre has, among other things, created the

Broadmead shopping centre, and the central park,

which was formerly the location of Bristol Castle,

has been preserved

A significant change to the city was created by the moving of the industrial port from the old Floating Harbour in the town centre to Avonmouth, 11 kilometres North West down the river Avon The old port areas now increasingly give the city a new oasis with new promenades and interesting experiences along the water

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Tour 1: Bristol

1 Queen Square

Queen Square

Queen Square is one of Bristol's elegant squares It was

planned in 1699 and established until 1727 In the

centre of the small park of the square, an equestrian

statue of King William III is situated It was erected in

1736 as a sign of the city's loyalty to the crown

On the south side of the square, you can see 18th

century buildings, and to the east, in number 29, you

will find the house, Sailor's Refuge, built in 1709-1711

The original houses to the north and west were

ruined during the so-called Bristol Riots in 1831 A

large part was rebuilt in the subsequent years

2 Arnolfini

16 Narrow Quay www.arnolfini.org.uk

At the art museum Arnolfini, you can see modern art in a variety of expressions The museum was founded in 1961 and has since 1976 been located in the former tea warehouse, Bush House, which was built in 1831-1836 In front of the museum, you can see the statue of the Italian explorer Giovanni Caboto, who is known as John Cabot in England

The name of the museum comes from the Arnolfino portrait painted by Jan van Eyck in 1434 The subject of the painting, Giovanni Arnolfini, was a merchant and patron of art from Lucca, Italy

3 Llandoger Trow

King Street

Walking along King Street, you can see Llandoger Trow, a beautifully preserved row of houses with three gables The row was built in

1664 and named after a village north of Bristol During the Second World War, the building was hit and two of the five gables were ruined

Llandoger Trow has throughout time housed several pubs, and according to legend, Daniel Defoe and Alexander Selkirk met here Selkirk's four years on a desert island inspired Defoe's novel about Robinson Crusoe

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4 Bristol Old Vic

King Street

www.bristol-old-vic.co.uk

Bristol Old Vic is a theatre complex, which includes

a modern building and Cooper's Hall, which was

built in 1744 Cooper's Hall was originally the seat

of the coopers' guild The style of the building is

inspired by the Italian architect Andrea Palladio The

building only belonged to the coopers until 1785

After a period of functioning as a public building it

became a part of the Bristol Old Vic

A part of the built together houses comes from the

Theatre Royal, which has performed here since 1766

It is believed to be the oldest theatre in England,

which has played uninterruptedly Theatre Royal is

the larger of the two stages with its 400 seats; New

Vic seats 150

5 Bristol Bridge

Bristol Bridge

Bristol Bride spans the River Frome and has been a

central thoroughfare of the city for centuries The

present bridge opened in 1768 and the bridge toll

provoked riots 25 years later It was the toughest

riots in the 18th century; 11 dies and 45 were injured

In 1940, the building was bombed and now stands as a ruin and a monument in memory of the fallen in the English Civil war, 1642-1651, when a number of battles took place in the area There are a few excavated ruins left in Castle Park, which can be seen northeast of St Peter's Church The castle was ruined in 1656, and in

1927, the only remaining tower was torn down

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Trip 2: Bristol

7 Temple Church

Temple Street/Church Lane

Robert, the first Earl of Gloucester, founded the

crusader church, Temple Church, in the 1100s Until

the 1300s the Knights Templar resided here, and the

church had the traditional circular ground plan

Subsequently, the church was rebuilt into a regular

parish church

The 35 metre high tower is built in two stages The

building came to a halt due to the leaning tower

When certain the tower would not collapse, the

building was finished in 1460

Today, Temple Church stands as a ruin due to

bombings during the Second World War

The museum was established in 2002 in the city's old railway station, which was built in 1840 It is thus one of the oldest and largest preserved railway stations in the world

9 St Mary Redcliffe Church

10 Redcliffe Parade West www.stmaryredcliffe.co.uk

St Mary Redcliffe Church is an Anglican parish church in Bristol's Redcliffe neighbourhood

With aheight of 90 metres, it is one of England's tallest parish churches

The oldest parts of the building are from the 1100s, but the present church is primarily from the 1400s The spire is from 1872; the former spire was ruined by a stroke of lightning in 1446 The majority of the original interior was ruined

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during the Reformation, but new interior has been

added later, during the baroque period and the

Victorian Age

10 Museum of Bristol

Princes Wharf

www.bristol.gov.uk/museums

The former Bristol Industrial Museum is after its

rebuilding renamed the Museum of Bristol It is

located in the city's port area and offers a preserved

cock area with a port railway and an old

steam-driven crane from 1878

Museum of Bristol is being rebuilt until 2009 when

it will reopen at the same location as Bristol

Industrial Museum

11 Floating Harbour

www.bristolferry.com

One of the great attractions of Bristol is the area

along the harbour, which has been developed into

lovely promenades with many places of

entertainment You can sail between the many

attractions along the shore

A harbour has existed in the city since the 1200s, but the present city harbour was not established until the beginning of the 1800s The River Avon

is marked by the tide and hence locks and bypasses were established This helped keep a constant water level in the harbour, and because

of that it was called Floating Harbour

Today, the industrial harbour of the city is in the city of Avonmouth by the mouth of the River Avon

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SS Great Britain was built in a dock in Bristol's Floating Harbour After its launch, it was not able to pass the locks to get out of the city for more than a year It was not until a particular high tide and a partial take down of the Cumberland Basin locks that the ship was able to go out on the oceans

The maiden voyage was for New York in 1845; the trip took 14 days Later, SS Great Britain was turned into an emigrant ship, which primarily sailed between England and Australian In 1886, the ship was no longer navigable after a fire, which occurred

at the Falkland Islands Instead, it became a docked coal magazine until the 1930s In 1970, SS Great Britain was floating again with help of pontoons, and it was towed back to Bristol where it now lies at the exact same spot where it was built

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Bristol Cathedral or Cathedral Church of the Holy and

Undivided Trinity as it is rightly called was founded in

1140 and built 1140-1148 Originally, the church was a

Roman style parish church, but it has been extended

with side wings in the decades following the building

The old church is not preserved, but the beautiful

Great Gatehouse building is preserved

Other buildings and rebuilding followed Around

1220, the Elder Lady Chapel was established and in

the years 1298-1332, the eastern part of the building

was rebuilt in English Gothic style During the

1400s and 1500s the enlargement continued, e.g the

central tower was added

In 1542, King Henry VIII elevated Bristol Cathedral

to cathedral It happened in connection with the

establishment of the Bristol diocese

Through the latter half of the 1800s, the cathedral

acquired its present appearance In the neo-Gothic

style of the time, the building was reopened in 1877

However, the western facade was not completed

until 1888

The interior of Bristol Cathedral is atypical of English church buildings by having aisles with the same heights as the nave The light comes from relatively large windows in the aisles, which gives a light and airy impression The organ is from 1685, but has been rebuilt many times, most recently in

1907 There are also many monuments in the church, and in the Berkeley Chapel you can see 15th century candelabras, which were previously

in the city's Temple Church

14 Council House

College Green www.bristol.gov.uk

Council House is the seat of Bristol City Council The semicircle formed building is built for the purpose in the period 1938-1956 The style is inspired by Georgian style architecture, and in the middle of the actual building, you can see a grandiose entrance and a basin along the entire building

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St Mark's Chruch was built in 1220 as a hospital chapel for the Gaunt convent In 1541, the city

of Bristol had established an organisation, which bought the church You can see stained glass windows from the 1400s and 1500s They are primarily produced in France and Germany

Outside, the present west façade is the result of a rebuilding in 1889

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16 Georgian House

Great George Street

Georgian House is a fine example of a typical

Georgian style town house It was built in the years

1788-1791 and has been a museum since 1937 The

building contains parts of the original decoration

and furniture

17 Cabot Tower

Great George Street/Brandon Hill

Cabot Tower is a watchtower, built in 1897 in memory of the fourth centenary of the Italian explorer Giovanni Caboto's journey to America

in 1497 In Britain, Caboto is known as John Cabot He sailed from Bristol aboard the ship, Matthew, on the journey, which would make him the first European since the Vikings to

disembark the American mainland

Cabot Tower is 32 metres high and built on a hill and therefore offers a fine view of the city

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18 Bristol’s City Museum and

Art Gallery

Queen’s Road

This museum is among the largest and absolute best

in and around Bristol The collections are many and

varied in content The museum is established in

1823, and after having been located at various

addresses, the present museum building was built in

Edwardian Baroque in the years 1901-1905 During

a bombing in 1940, the museum was heavily

damaged and thousands of artefacts were lost

Luckily, most of it was preserved and after a long

rebuilding, the museum could reopen

In the museum department, you can see exhibitions

of local history, archaeology, and natural history

The content spans from Roman and Egyptian finds

to more contemporary machines and products

At the art gallery of the place, you can see works by

many foreign artists, and a number of modern

paintings from Bristol

A lot has happened since the first day of teaching with 99 students in 1876, and many buildings have been established or purchased since then One of the most famous buildings is Wills Memorial Building with the characteristic tower The building is named after the first vice chancellor, Henry Overton Wills III, who in addition to being vice chancellor also donated a lot of money to the institution The building is built in 1915-1925, and Great George, one of the largest bells in England, hangs in the 68 metres high tower

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as an annex to a large mansion, which was located at the present Colston Hall Later, parts

of the house were established in the younger Georgian style

The attractions are the garden and the rooms, which tell the story of the house; from being built

in Tudor style to being transformed into a Victorian girl's school Three rooms are in Tudor style, three in he rebuilt Georgian style, and then there are rooms, which tells about the time and the establishment of the girl's school The beautiful garden is re-created in 17th century style

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21 Royal Fort Tyndall Avenue, Royal Fort Gardens

www.bristol.ac.uk/conferences/

meetings/royal

Early in the English Civil War, in the beginning

of the 1640s, defence works were built on this ridge in Bristol With its five bastions, it was the strongest defence post of the city, but still the royalists were brought to their knees, and the fort was destroyed in 1650 The Royal part of Royal Fort was in honour of the German Prince Rupert, the then governor of Bristol

The present building was built in 1758-1761 The facades are built in respectively Baroque, Rococo, and Palladian style This mix was a compromise between proposals from three architects From

1799, the Royal Fort Gardens was established; today, the garden is a scaled-down version of the original garden Today, Fort Royal is used by Bristol University for various purposes

Tiêu đề	A Visit to Bristol
Tác giả	Stig Albeck, Ventus Publishing ApS
Trường học	Not specified
Chuyên ngành	Travel and Tourism
Thể loại	Báo cáo du lịch
Năm xuất bản	2010
Thành phố	Bristol

Định dạng
Số trang	40
Dung lượng	4,4 MB