Thiết kế thiết bị bóc tách hạt điều

Phuang phap thu cong, bao gflm nhiing phutmg phip nhu tach bSng bua dap, tdch bJng dao chep hinh thao tac bJng tay va chan.. Phmmg phap bdn ttf dpng — Tdch vd theo phinmg phdp phay chep

NGHIEN CU'U-TRAO06l

THI^T K^ THI^T Bj BOC TACH HAT DlfiU J

DESIGN OF CASHEW PEELLING MACHINE

iv4n Doan Stfn', Thai Viln Binh^

'Trudng Dai hpc Bdch khoa TP Hd Chi Minh

^Cdng ty Robert Bosch Engineering Vietnam T6MTAT

Diiu Id cdy cpng nghigp quan trgng tr nu&c ta trong dy, nhdn hgt diiu Id sdn phdrn co gid trf rdt l&n vi kinh te Hipn nc^, Vipt Nam xudt khdu nhdn hgt dieu dung ddu thi gi&i vi so lugng, cSng nhu kim nggch Vi vgy, phdt trien cong nghippchi biin hgt dieiild mgt trong nhiing nhiem vu quan trgng cda ddt nu&c Hign hdu hit cdc khdu trong qui trtnh chi bien hgt diiu dd dugc ca khi hoa vd tyr dgng hoa; tuy nhien, vi^c tu dqng hoa cdc cong dogn chua dortg bg vd tuoi thg cda cdc linh kipn cQng nhu thiet bf con thdp, dg on dfnh khi van hdnh cua cdc thiit bi chua cao, dgc bipt Id thiit bf boc tdch vo cirng Di tdng^ miic dg tin cdy ding nhu tuoi thg khi ldm viic cua thiit bf, chung tdi giai thipu mgt thiet ke m&i nhdm hodn thipn thiit bf boc tdch vo cimg hgt dieu

Tfr Ichda: Hgt diiu, vo hgt dieu; Mdy tdch vo hgt diiu

ABSTRACT

Cashew tree is imporlantindustrial in our country with cashew nut is a product with high nutrients, plc^ an important role and top of export Therefore, cashew manufacturing is one of the important process of the value chain Consequently, the cashew manufactured processresearch

is currently focus strongly in order to reduce as much as possible the cost of production and the productivity Nowadc^s most ofsub-process inftill automated cashew process have been successfiilly applied in the practical production However, the automation of procedure is still facing many difficulties For example, how to split cashew nut and shell effectively This paper will propose another design solution that can resolve the current problem

Keywords: Cosher, Cashew Peel, Cashew Peeling Machine

1 T 6 N G Q U A N trinh tdng trudng dupc bilu thj qua bifiu dd hinh

l.[3],[4]

1.1 Ndng \\K sdn xuSt hat dieu xuat khau

Theo Hi?p hpi Dieu Vi?t Nam, kim

nggch xudt khdu hgt difiu ciia nudc ta tir 846,68

tri?u USD ndm 2009, dd tang len 2 ty USD vdo

ndm 2014, vd la mpt trong nhihig nudc dung

ddu vfi xudt khdu nhanhgt difiu hi?n nay Qud Hmh 1 Kim nggch xudt khdu hgt diiu qua cdc ndm

• I I I ! I

1009 » 1 0

ISSN 0866 - 7056

TAP CHf CO KHf V I £ T NAM, Sd 8 ndm 2016

NGHieNCO'U-TRA0 06l

1.2 Thiet bi bdc tich vo cirng

Trong qui trinli cong nghe che bien hat

dieu, tach nhan Ichoi vo cimg la mpt cong d o ^

quan trpng Chjt luong va ning suit phu thuoc

rit nhiSu vao cong doan nay Hien nay, tren the

gidi CO nhting phuong phap nhu sau:

/.ZA Phinmg phdp Ihu cong

H?t aiu sau khi da dupc xii ly nhiet

(ddt, chao diu ho?c hip) se dupc chuyin sang

cong do?n tach vo Phuang phap thu cong, bao

gflm nhiing phutmg phip nhu tach bSng bua

dap, tdch bJng dao chep hinh thao tac bJng tay

va chan V6 h^it iiin sau Ichi da dupc che ra,

ngudi cong nhan cdn phai diing mot con dao

ii tach nhan Ichdi vd Nhupe diim ctia phuang

phip nay li ning suit thip, cudng do lao dpng

n ^ g nhpc, de xiy ta tai n ^ , mdi trudng lam

vi?c dpc h^i (do tiep xtic tr\rc tiep nhua vd hgt

cdn sdt Igi tren vd)

1.2.2 Phmmg phap bdn ttf dpng — Tdch vd

theo phinmg phdp phay chep hinh

Tren thi gidi hi?n cd mpt sd thiit bi tich

vd hat diiu ban tv dpng lim vi$c theo nhihig nguyen ly khic nhau, mpt trong nhihig phuong phip dupc quan tam nhiiu la phuong phip phay chep hinh

Hat dieu dupc ming rung dira tir phk cip li^u vao giita khoang trdng giQa 2 dai, A day, hat diiu dupc dinh vj nhd dai cd tiit difti

V (theo nguyen ly dinh vj bing khdi V) Nhd luc ma sit ciia dai (va gai kim logi-tiiy theo logi dai sir dung) gin tren dai vdi vd hgt diiu mi hgt

diiu dupc gio ch^t giua 2 dai, tgo diiu ki$n de

dang cho qui trinh cit

Dai se vgn chuyin hgt diiu tdi ving cSt nim giira 2 luai dao phay chep hhih (!) diy, nhd

cd cQ nim tren dao ludn tiip xiic vdi vd hgt diiu

ma dao phay chi cit vao vd theomOt d$ siu xdc dinh vi khdng phgm vio nhin So d6 nguySn ly chinh cCia miy theo hinh 2 Tuy nhidn, mdy v^ tdn tai khuyet diim gii thinh tuong ddi cao, do

CO cau miy phirc tgp, hgt dieu phii dupc phdn logi theo kich cd ddng deu, xu ly chao diu trudc khi cit, diu diiu dinh vao bing tii lim dl trapt khi cat

Win* 2 Nguyen ly cdt vd bdng phuang phdp phay chep hinh

2 THifiT KE THIET Bj BOC TACH VO

CillVGH^iTDlEU

2.1.Nguy£n ly

Tir nhirng nhupe diim va gidi hgn cua

nhihig phuang an trudc, chung tdi xin di xuat thiit ki miy cit, tich hgt diiu tjnh tiin cudng biic vdi ning suit 200kg/h

Miy dupc chia thanh 3 bp phgn chinh:

Bd phan cip li^u, bp ph$n truyin tii hgt diiu vi

ISSN 0866-7056 TAP CHl CO KHl V I 6 T NAM, Sd 8 nim 2016

NGHieN CLfU-TRAO OOl

bp phan cdt va tdch

• BQ phan ca^ li^u, bao gdm: Phfiu cap

Ueu chinh, sd lupng hgt difiu sfi ducrc cdng nhan

cap vdo phfiu ndy, rdi di xudng bdng tai mang

hat difiu, sau dd, bdng tdi sfi mang hat difiu roi

vdo pheu ben dudi (hinh 3)

2 T H i i T K £ T H i t T BJ BOC TACH VO

CtTNG HAT DIEU

2.1 NguySn 1^

Tu nhihig nhupe difim vd gidi h ^ ciia

nhihig phuong dn trudc, chung tdi xin dfi xudt

thifit kfi mdy cdt^ tach hat difiu tinh tifin cudng

buc vdi ndng sudt 200kg/h

Mdy dupc chia thdnh 3 bp phan chinh:

Bp phgn cap li^u, bp phan truyfin tdi hat difiu vd

b$ ph§n cdt va tach

• Bp phdn cap lieu, bao g6m: Phfiu cdp

li^u chinh, sd lupng hgt dieu sfi dupc cdng nhdn

cdp vdo pheu ndy, rdi di xudng bdng tdi mang

hat difiu, sau dd, bdng tdi sfi mang hat difiu roi

vdo pheu ben dudi (hmh 3)

' Bp phdn truyen tdi hat difiu, bao gdm:

Bdng tai xich cd nhi^m v\i mang cdc hgt difiu

dupc roi dinh hudng tii pheu bfin dudi cua bp

phgn cdp li^u dfi mang hgt difiu tdi cdc thanh

dan hudng V, rdi ddn hudng hgt difiu tdi bp

ph§n dao cdt vd tdch (hinh 3)

Hinh 3 Bpphgn cdp lipu vd truyen tdi hgt dieu

Bp phgn dao cdt va tdch, bao gdm:

2 thanh dan hudng trfin yd dudi (2) dl ddn

hudng hgt difiu dt theo chifiu dpc cua hat difiu

(1), thanh ddy (3) dupc ddn dOng bdng xich sfi

ddy hgt difiu chuyin dpng tinh tifin cudng buc

khdng trupt vao 2 dao cdt tren vd dudi (4) de cdt

vd hat difiu vd I bd dao tdch cr cudi bp phgn (5) theo nguyen ly tdch bdng chfim (hinh 4)

Hinh 4 Nguyen ly cdt dp lyre

2.2 Tinh toan

2.2.1 Tinh todn dgng hgc

Hmh 5 Sa do nguyen ly dpng hpc

DCmg nhung cdng thiic sau ddy dfi tim

sd vdng va vgn tdc v^:

rr 2tr \ ^ CO*

T = = —\V = Q}K\ =

R' 0) n 0)

Vdi yfiu cdu thifit kfi cho mdy Id 1 gid

s ^ xudt ra 200kg,^ moi ky la 200 hat, theo thifit kfi may mong mudn, ta sfi cd vgn tdc bdng xich ciia bp phgn truyen tdi hgt difiu v, = 1.450 mm/s (hinh 5)

Ta cd cdc thong sd ban kfnh banh xich:

Rl = SOmm; R2 = lOOmm; R3 = 100mm; R4 = SOmm; R5 = 25mm; R6 = SOmm; R7 = 50mm; R8 = 25nun; R9 = lOOnrun; RIO = SOmm; Rl 1

= 50mm

Ta sfi tim dupc n^ = n3=

n, = 4.6 vdng/s; n^ = ng= n, = n^

= n,j,= n,, = 1.1S vdng/s

1^= 2.3 vdng/s;

= 4.6 vdng/s; n^

ISSN 0866-7056 TAP CHf CO KHf V i e r NAM, Sd 8 ndm 2016

^

3

o

^ s ^ tti- ttf

ap

•= « £

•s So

•3 o "D

<0 00 •

^ •

E :

> §••«

: K " ' ' ' ' ' 1 ,

' <P'<V 00

M > -^

.D x : J3

.§ | -3 f

e c a

S 5 " -c

% !2

f ;§•

O S-O C c ^

00 •S S

" O w [ J

C C 2 o •

O f ^1 i f

I-a •6 d" 2 -3

e l

J3 A 5

- " "-s

'31

C O rt O.JS

" y c -^ Si

J : •& J J :

S-••«'•« " f i l l

S -S " - > ,-:,

.5 I a l l S

— y > y 00 „

^ " ; 3 >a g :S

- ^ ^ — • « • « >

O £ •§ S M c"

II M d - s a

'^' I- -? - 5

Si"

z°i

I X

o

B

NGHIEN Ciru - TRAO OOl

Bii bio da trinh biy mpt giii phip thiit

ke mdi cho sin phim hgt diiu, dua tren tiin

de ciing iihu nhupe diem cua nhiing thiit ki

trudc, thiit ke da dupc cii tiin vdi ning suit,

chit lupng dupc nang cao Tuy da khic phye

dupc nfaiing tdn tai cua cac thiit bj dang dupc

su dpig trong thtrc ti, nhtmg cin nhirng nghien

cuu xa hon de tdi tm may, nhu: Vat li$u dao,

tinh giin co ciu, nang cao ty le tach hoan toin

va die bi?t la tinh an toin, dp thim my.*

Ngiy nhgn bii: 24/6/2016

Ngay phin bi?n: 18/7/2016

Tii li^n tbam khio:

[1] Cong ty Ci phin Cafe PETEC(2014); H0 diiu

Vigt Nam, http://www.petecof.vn

[2] H i ^ hOi Diiu Vi?t Nam (2016); Vigt Nam 10

nam lien tiep dung ddu thi gi&i vi xudt khdu nhdn

dieu http://www.vinacas.com.vn

[3] SkydardExpress, 2015,https://www.facebook com/guiliangchauau/posts/1634322813S23716

[4] Hifp hpi Diiu Vift Nam (2016); Xudt khdu hgt

dieu ttidng ddu ndm tdng gdn 16% kim nggeh so eimgky, http://www.vinacas.com.vn

[S] Le Thanh Danh; lfng dung phuong phdp phay chep hinh de Idch vd hgt dieu, Chuy6n de nghien

cira sinh, Trudng Dai hpc Bich Khoa TP H6 Chi Minh, 2008

[6] Mikell P Groover, Fundamentals of Modem

Manufacntring: Materials, Processes, and Systems,

5th edition, p.534-535

[7] Banh Quic Nguyen, Hd Minh Phit; Nghien

cieu, thiet ke, che tgo hg ttiong thiit bf tdch vd eiing

hgt dieu tu dgng, Lu§n vin tot nghiep, Trudng Dgi

hpc Bich khoa TP H6 Chi Minh, 2010

[8] Tran V8n Dich; Tu dgng hda sdn xudt, NXB

Khoa hpc KJ thuat, 2006

[9] Trinh Chit, Le VSn Uyin; Tinh todn thiil ke

hg thdng ddn dgng cakhi NXB Giio dye Hi Npi,

2007

ISSN 0866 - 7056

TAP CHl CO KHl VlfT NAM, Sd 8 nim 2016