Travel to Stockholm pot

King Christian II re-conquered Stockholm after King Hans and in 1520 had 83 Swedish leaders executed on the Great Square during the so-called Stockholm Blood Bath.. Old Town Gamla Stan

© 2008 Stig Albeck & Ventus Publishing ApS

Translation: Frances østerfelt

All rights and copyright relating to the content of this

book are the property of Ventus Publishing ApS, and/or its

suppliers Content from ths book, may not be reproduced

in any shape or form without prior written permission from

Ventus Publishing ApS.

Quoting this book is allowed when clear references are made,

in relation to reviews are allowed.

ISBN 978-87-7061-271-5

1st edition

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to agreement with the following copyright owners:

Stig Albeck.

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have be subject to change after this book was published.

Stockholm Kapiteloverskrift ONLIBRI

A visit to Stockhom

www.stockholmtown.com

www.visitsweden.com

Queen of the Mälaren is another name for

Stockholm, the capital city of Sweden with its unique

location on the many islands between the Lake

Mälaren and the archipelago on the Baltic Sea

Adventures in its beautiful nature are part of the

city’s trademark and everywhere one is convinced

that this was the perfect spot to put a large city

But there is much more to Stockholm than the

surrounding nature Here is something for everyone

Gamla Stan is the city’s Old Town and here one can

wander through narrow and twisted streets of the

Middle Ages and never see a modern building The

opposite is true in the modern business quarters that

stretch out from Sergel’s Square and offer a wealth

of shopping possibilities as well as cultural events

and restaurants

The museums of Stockholm are a quite special One is more interesting than the next and they are spread throughout the city The gem of them all must be the unique ship Vasa that sank on its maiden voyage in 1628, has been restored and can now be seen in its full glory

Happy holiday!

A visit to Stockholm

Historical outline

Stockholm was built on the strategically important

trading route between the waters of Lake Mäleren

and the open waters of the Baltic On the region’s

highlands goods of iron, copper and leather were

transshipped

Its position as a transshipping harbor grew in

importance and it became necessary to fortify the

center where there were but a few inhabitants In

1250, Birger Jarl built a fortress in what is now the

center of Stockholm and in 1252 he bestowed the

city with trading privileges

Thanks to Baltic trade, which was lead by the Hanse

Union, Stockholm grew rapidly In only 100 years,

Stockholm became Sweden’s largest city and absolutely

dominated the region The previously important

settlements like Birka were abandoned for good

Stockholm was first mentioned in the Chronicles of

Erik, thought to have been written in 1322-1332

Stockholm was referred to as the city between the

bridges, a description the visitor readily understands

The original Stockholm city, which is now the Old

Town, grew quickly and soon became overpopulated

There were frequent fires but houses in the city’s

narrow streets were soon rebuilt and can be seen

even today Major constructions of the time included

the Great Church (Storkyrkan) and Three Crowns

(Tre Kronor) Tower In the 1300-1400’s the

population in the small area of the city outgrew its

bounds and led to development of the areas

Norrmalm and Södermalm

In 1388 Stockholm came under siege by the queen

of the Danish Union, Margrethe I, and the city fell in

1398 Union between Denmark, Norway and

Sweden was a reality and the queen had a larger wall

built around the city At the close of the 15th

century, Stockholm’s population was 5,000 – a

considerable size considering the conditions of the

time

In 1471 Sweden vanquished the army of the Danish Union in Norrmalm The country broke from Denmark-Norway but re-entered the union in 1497-1502 under King Hans King Christian II re-conquered Stockholm after King Hans and in 1520 had 83 Swedish leaders executed on the Great Square during the so-called Stockholm Blood Bath

In 1523 Gustav Vasa was crowned Sweden’s king and the period under Danish rule was brought to an end Stockholm became the leading city of the kingdom and the king’s city of residence But it wasn’t until 1614 that the city became the official capital

In the 17th century Sweden became the super power of the Baltic and Stockholm became its royal, military and administrative center This led to a boom in the population

The Thirty Years’ War in 1618-1648 meant prosperity for Stockholm Trade grew and many palaces were built, including Riddarholmen

Throughout the century people flocked to the city and many new neighborhoods were built Around

1700 the population was approximately 45,000 There were large residential areas, palaces and the royal castle

The 1700’s was a period of stagnation for the city, which from around the Baltic met growing competition, including Tsar Peter the Great’s building of St Petersburg in 1703 In 1711, Stockholm was ravaged by the Plague, which significantly reduced its population

The century, however, brought with it scientific and cultural growth to the capital and at its ending, under King Gustav III, the city continued the expansion that began in the 1600’s

The 19th century meant even more prosperity for Stockholm The city was rebuilt, many of the older areas were replaced by newer and more modern

Historical outline

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Stockholm

neighborhoods Many public buildings and

institutions, such as the hospital, were built

Industrialization also made its mark on the city

From 1860 railroads were built and from 1877 there

was a network of trolleys The city’s industries grew

and with them came neighborhoods, like

Sundbyberg, for the workers as well as for the

wealthy, like Djursholm In 1900 Stockholm’s

population was 300,000

Throughout the greater part of the 20th century,

Stockholm was on the rise In 1912, the city was the

scene for the Olympic Games, which put the

Swedish capital on the map of the world

During both of the world wars, Sweden remained

neutral, thereby avoiding destruction The country

saw relatively greater growth than many of the other

countries that were directly involved in the conflicts

Growth and general urbanization meant an increase

in Stockholm’s population from around 500,000 in

1930 to one million in 1960

In the 1960’s large areas in Stockholm were torn down to give way for modern construction Sergel’s Square is the best example; the central square was built in the old Jugend style neighborhood Klara Modernization has been a serious topic of debate since then but has been instrumental in giving Stockholm a metropolitan atmosphere with the large, modern and at times monumental constructions in the center of the city

In the latest decades there has been much done to continually develop the city for tourists and to make Stockholm a leader in business For tourists, the waterways, as at its founding in the 13th century, form the basis for many activities and the city’s beautiful location is also unforgettable

Historical outline

Stockholm’s City Museum is located in Södra

Stadshuset from the 17th century; and relates the

history of the city and its inhabitants from the city’s

founding up to the present time A visit is a journey

back in time from a small medieval harbor city to an

international metropolis

Stockholm’s City Museum was founded in 1937 and

opened its doors to the public five years later

2 The Katarina Elevator (Katarinahissen)

Subway: Slussen

The Katarina Elevator is one of Stockholm’s more curious attractions The 38-meter-high construction starts at the middle of the Salt Lake Line’s

(Saltsjöbanens) platform, continues at street level and ends at the top, from which there is a wonderful view over the Old Town and Stockholm’s Stream, where there are always many boats

The elevator was built in 1883 to facilitate the journey to the hills of Södermalm At the beginning you had to pay 5 øre to go up and 3 øre to come down In 1933 the elevator was dismantled and in

1935 the present elevator was installed

Tour 1: Stockholm

3 Old Town (Gamla Stan)

Subway: Gamla Stan

Gamla Stan is the Swedish name for Stockholm’s old

town For many centuries, Gamla Stan together with

the buildings on the neighboring island

Riddarholmen made up the Swedish capital

Old Town itself lies on the island Stadsholmen and

its center is an exciting medieval neighborhood that

invites to exploration of the narrow streets and paths

Earlier there was a wall around the center of Old

Town, lying at the present streets Österlånggatan

and Vesterlånggatan When the last of the defenses

were demolished in the 17th century, the

perpendicular streets around Little New Street (Lilla

Nygatan) and Greater New Street (Stora Nygatan)

were created

4 Iron Square (Järntorget)

Subway: Gamla Stan

With its Parisian atmosphere, this charming square,

Iron Square (Järntorget), is one of the Old Town’s

most evocative sites There are even Parisian cafés,

where one can sit and observe the many passers by

5 The German Church (Tyska Kyrkan)

Svartmangatan 16 www.st-gertrud.se Subway: Gamla Stan

Stockholm’s German church, also known as St.Gertrud’s Church, was built by the Hanse Union

in 1570 The building was originally a meeting place for the Hanse Later remodeling created the religious function An annex built in 1642 transformed the building to what it is today

A fire in 1878 destroyed the church’s tower The present tower, 96 meters high, was then built and is the Old Town’s highest building

The church contains a pulpit from 1660 made of marble and alabaster

Tour 1: Stockholm

6 The Great Square (Stortorget)

Subway: Gamle Stan

The Great Square is the midpoint of the medieval

Old Town (Gamla Stan); and the well on the square

was previously the geographic center of Sweden! It

was from this point that distances from the capital

city were measured Today it is measured from

Gustav Adolf’s Square

The beautiful and charming Great Square has been

the scene of many executions in the past The first

was in 1280; and the most famous was “The

Stockholm Blood Bath” in 1520 when the Danish

King Christian II executed 83 noblemen and

Swedish leaders

Today more peaceful events take place on the square

In season, there is outdoors serving so that you can

sit and enjoy the beautiful houses

6a the stock Exchange (Börshuset) / Nobel Museum

www.nobelmuseum.se

The largest and most distinct building on the Great Square is the old stock exchange that now serves as the Nobel Museum Its placement was central in the old city; and the city’s town hall was also located here, in a row of medieval buildings

Tour 1: Stockholm

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Since 2001 the building has housed the Nobel Museum, which provides information about one of the events for which Stockholm is famous – awarding of the Nobel Prizes

6b The Cannon ball (Kanonkuglen)

A smaller but unique attraction at the Great Square

is the cannon ball in the wall of the house on the corner of the Great Square and Cobbler Street (Skomakargatan) History tells that it is from Gustav Vasa’s siege of the city in 1521 but there is no historical evidence for this It is also said that the furniture dealer Grevesmühl had a new house built

on the site in 1795 and that he put the cannon ball there where it had been in the previous building

7 The Great Church (Storkyrkan)

Slottsbacken www.stockholmsdomkyrkoforsamling.se Subway: Gamla Stan

The Great Church, also known as St Nicholas Church, in Stockholm was built on the island Stadsholmen’s highest plateau The first church was built in the 13th century, the remains of which can still be seen in the northern walls of the tower

Tour 1: Stockholm

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It is said that the first church burned down and that

a new one was consecrated in 1306 Later in the 14th

century some chapels were added; but the largest

addition was made in the 15th century

In the period 1736-1742 the facade was transformed

from the medieval ”buddings” to the Baroque style

seen today The reason for the change was that the

building should harmonize with the royal palace,

which was built just northeast of the church The

church’s tower measures 66 meters in height

The Great Church also served as the coronation

church The first coronation was in 1336, when

Magnus Eriksson became the Swedish monarch

This coronation, however, was thought to have

caused a strong desire for Norwegian independence,

and for this reason the coronations were stopped

The next coronation in The Great Church was of

King Hans in 1497, who was union king of

Denmark, Norway and Sweden The tradition

continued until the last coronation, in 1873, of King

Oscar II

The church has also been the setting for several

weddings, including the marriage between the

Danish king-to-be Frederik IX and his queen Ingrid,

who was born a Swedish princess

Inside, the church has in part been returned to its

medieval style; and among its attractions is the pulpit,

created in the 1680’s according to instructions by

Nicodemus Tessin the Younger

8 Stockholm’s Castle

Slottsbacken 1 www.kungahuset.se/dekungligaslotten/kungli gaslottet

Subway: Kungsträdgården

Stockholm’s Castle, also called the Royal Castle, is the official residence for the Swedish royal family However, they actually live at Drottningholm Castle

on the island Ecker west of Stockholm

Until a fire in 1697, the old castle Tre Kronor was located here The architect Nicodemus Tessin the Younger drew a new castle, Stockholm Castle, on Tre Kronor’s foundation The castle was to be grand – a Baroque palace with 600 rooms and many large salons

Construction was completed in 1754; and the royal family could again move into the castle from their temporary residence at the Wrangel Palace on Riddarholmen

Tour 1: Stockholm

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Stockholm

With its 605 rooms, Stockholm Castle is one of the

largest in the world that is still the residence of a

monarch – at least officially There are exciting

museums within the castle and many of the official

rooms and salons are open to the public

8a Representation Rooms

Slottsbacken 1

www.kungahuset.se/dekungligaslotten/kunglig

aslottet/slottet

The castle’s beautiful rooms for representative

functions are furnished in various styles, from

Baroque and Rococo to Gustavian neoclassicism

Among the rooms that are open to the public

includes the Assembly Hall (Festvåningen) in which

the grand galla banquets are held There is also

access to the Rikssalen, where the king previously

read his opening speech for the parliament

(Riksdagen) from his silver throne

8b The Royal Treasury (Skattkammaren) Slottsbacken 1

www.kungahuset.se/dekungligaslotten/kungli gaslottet/skattkammaren

The Royal Treasury has displayed Sweden’s regalia since 1970 Gustav Vasa’s sword and Erik XIV’s crown are among the objects on display

Tour 1: Stockholm

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In the castle’s northeastern wing is Sweden’s oldest

art museum which opened in 1794 The collection

comprises purchases made by King Gustav III on

his journey to Italy in 1783-1784

8d The Royal Armory (Livrustkammaren)

Slottsbacken 3

www.livrustkammaren.lsh.se

In the basement of the castle one gets an intimate

knowledge of the history of the Swedish military and

the royal family Among the many objects, there is

the king’s parade carriage, clothing, armor and

weapons There is King Karl XII’s uniform and

King Gustav III’s mask for an opera masquerade in

1792

The museum is the oldest in Sweden It is from 1628,

when King Gustav II Adolf commanded that his

armor from a campaign in Poland should be stored

forever

8e Museum Tre Kronor Norrbro

www.kungahuset.se/dekungligaslotten/kungli gaslottet/museumtrekronor

Tre Kronor (Three Crowns) is the name of the castle that burned down in 1697 and thus made room for the present royal palace

The museum is installed in the lowest level of the castle’s north wing and was that part of the castle that best survived the fire of 1697 It presents the history of Tre Kronor from the first fortifications

to the castle that exists today An interesting detail

is that the entrance to the museum is through a five-meter thick wall that was part of the castle’s defense in the 13th century

9 The Finnish Church

Slottsbacken 2 www.svenskaChurchn.se/finskaforsamlingen Subway: Kungsträdgården

This church is the religious meeting place for Stockholm’s Finnish congregation The church’s official name is Fredrik’s Church, after the Swedish king Fredrik I

The building is from 1648-1653 and was known as the Little Ball House (Lilla Bollhuset), until the Finnish congregation bought the house and converted it to a church in 1725 In the 20x10 meter large church, the altar piece is from 1734

Tour 1: Stockholm

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The Royal Mint displays the history of money, banks

and medals; and within these themes there are many

exciting pictures, objects, etc

Money’s history is an exciting topic for many; and its

history goes back 2,500 years One of the highlights

is the archaeological findings from the Viking period

11 The Knight’s House (Riddarhuset)

Riddarhustorget 10 www.riddarhuset.se Subway: Gamla Stan

The Knight’s House was built according to Simon

de la Vallée’s drawings from 1641-1674, and is considered to be one of Stockholm’s most beautiful buildings At the time of its construction, the most significant influences were from France and Holland, which can clearly be seen in the house

The Knight’s House was and is a house for nobility

In it was assembled that part of the parliament composed of Swedish nobility, who formed a separate part of the assembly until 1866

Tour 1: Stockholm

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Today, the designation “Knight’s House” implies the

building as well as the institution that comprises

Sweden’s nobility Since 1869, noblemen have

assembled in the Knight’s House every third year

12 Riddarholm Church

Birger Jarls Torg

Subway: Gamla Stan

Knight’s Island Church lies on the islet of

Riddarholmen, which is adjacent to the Old Town

(Gamla Stan) The church was built in 1280-1310 for

the Franciscan monastery that was located there The

other monastic buildings were torn down in the 17th

century; after which time Riddarholm Church

continued as a parish church until 1807, when it

acquired the status as a cemetery and memorial church

Since its construction many chapels have been added to the main church building, including in 1632-1634 a chapel for King Gustav II Adolf At present the most beautiful grave chapel is for the Bernadottes, built in 1858-1860 King Karl XII, who conquered regions in western Russia, is among those buried here There are also many family crests

on display

The tower and spire on the church were designed after destruction of the previous one in 1835 The spire itself, however, is a copy that was placed during the church’s renovation in 1967-1970

13 View from Knight’s Islet (Riddarholmen)

Evert Taubes Terrace Metro: Gamla Stan

From the western side of the small island Riddarholmen is an amazing view to the City Hall (Stadshuset), Södermalm and Kungsholmen

It is from here that many photographs of the city hall are taken; and there is a wonderful view of the beautiful old boats that sail to Mälaren

Tour 1: Stockholm

www.postmuseum.posten.se Subway: Gamla Stan

The Swedish postal museum was founded in 1906 and included the history of the postal service as well

as of stamps

The history of Swedish stamps is told from the very first issue in 1855 as well as objects from the postal service and an exciting collection of foreign stamps

Tour 1: Stockholm

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Stockholm’s city hall, beautifully located at Mälaren

Beach, is the city’s trademark and pictured on

practically all presentations of the Swedish capital

The city hall was built in 1911-1923 according to Ragnar Östberg’s design and is Sweden’s largest national romantic construction Inspired by the Italian Renaissance, there are two gardens in the building (Citizens’ garden, Borgargården, and the Blue Hall, Blå Hallen) On the south side towards the “Knight’s Fjord” (Riddarfjärden) a beautiful arched passage run the entire length of the wing

There are many beautiful rooms in the city hall, including the Blue Room, which is the building’s largest assembly hall It is here where the Nobel banquet takes place In the hall is also the great organ with its 10,000 pipes

The city council meets in the council room (Rådssalen) Notice the roof that is inspired by the old Viking buildings

In the Oval Room (Ovalen) the Tureholm tapestries hang, which were woven in France in the 17th century

Tour 2: Stockholm

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The Prince’s Gallery is the official receiving room,

which is beautifully furnished and looks out on to

the water

In the Golden Salon, more than 18 million glass and

gold pieces were used, a very impressive installation

Visitors can go up the 106-meter-high tower and get

a fantastic view over the city Entrance to the tower

is through the arched corridor of the southern wing

The tower’s peak was the last to be designed – the

Three Crowns (Tre Kronor), the Swedish national

crest, symbolizing that the City Hall is not just

Stockholm’s, but all of Sweden’s, pride

Towards Mälaren lies City Hall Park

(Stadshusparken), with its lovely lawns and

sculptures, some in marble or bronze To the south

in the direction of Riddarholmen is a 20-meter-high

column, with the rebel Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson

standing on its top

To the east is the sarcophagi which was built for

Stockholm’s founder, Birger Jarl But his earthly

remains were never moved from Varnhem as was

the plan So the sarcophagi remains empty

16 Stockholm’s Subway

Subway: Bl.a T-Centralen

Stockholm’s underground train, the Subway, is a

fantastic construction, which stands out from

subways in other countries while it was blasted out

of the granite underground The stations lie deep

under street level and the effect of the rough stone

halls is impressive Many of the central stations are decorated with a milieu, colors or a theme from the station’s location, such as the stations between the Royal Gardens and Solna Center

The first line in Stockholm’s subway was opened in 1950; and is Sweden’s only underground train Since its opening the network has been expanded; and today there are three lines, each of which branches out in the suburbs In general, the stations were built in three ways: (1) Mountain stations that were blasted out of the mountain, (2) Concrete stations, where the visible parts are of concrete and (3) Aboveground stations Today there are approximately 100 stations, about half of which are subterranean The 38 mountain stations are the most fascinating

17 Santa Clara Church

Klara Östra Kyrkogata 7 www.stockholmsdomkyrkoforsamling.se

Tour 2: Stockholm

Subway: T-Centralen

Construction of the centrally located Santa Clara

Church has a long history Originally there was a

convent on the property that in 1286 was donated by

King Magnus Ladulås for the purpose Three years

later, construction of the convent was complete

including its church In 1527 the building was razed

in connection with the Reformation Building

materials from this and other demolished convents

were used to reinforce the city’s defenses

King Johan III instituted construction of a new

church where the old convent had been It is

thought that building was started in 1572 and

completed in 1589 One year later, the tower was

embellished with copper

Expansion of the church continued in the following

centuries, but was abruptly interrupted by a large fire

in 1751 Rebuilding of the destroyed parts was

started and two years later the church could again be

consecrated

The last to be built was the tower In 1768, drawings

were accepted but due to lack of funds, it was first

built in 1884-1886

18 Sergel’s Square (Sergels Torg)

Subway: T-Centralen

Sergel’s Square is modern Stockholm’s central square,

named after the 18th century sculptor Johan Tobias

Sergel

The square itself is at street level with a sunken pedestrian level To the east is the 37-meter-high glass obelisk, the ”Crystal Vertical Accent”, which was created in 1974 by Edvin Öhrström and placed

in a super ellipse-shaped fountain

Around Sergel’s Square are some of Stockholm’s most important shopping streets, including Queen Street to the west To the south is the Culture House (Kulturhuset) and to the northeast is the southernmost of the five skyscrapers,

20 Strindberg Museum

Drottninggatan 85 www.strindbergsMuseum.se Subway: Rådmansgatan

The writer August Strindberg lived here at Drottninggatan 85 the last four years of his life (1908-1912) He called this place The Blue Tower (Blå Tornet)

The house is now a museum for August Strindberg and furnished on the whole with the original inventory Among the attractions is Strindberg’s study, where the author’s writing utensils are displayed

Tour 2: Stockholm

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1931 primary observations were moved to the newly constructed facilities in Saltsjöbaden but the old facilities are still used by amateur astronomers

In 1991 the Observatory Museum was opened and

on special days there is general access for the public for star gazing The building’s history and highlights from the observatory’s past are retold at the

museum There are also alternating exhibits

Tour 2: Stockholm

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Stockholm’s main library opened in 1928, and

besides its collection of more than 700,000 books,

the building is also worth seeing The reading room

in the central rotunda is particularly beautiful

23 Gustaf Vasa Church

Odenplan www.gustafvasa.nu Subway: Odenplan

Gustaf Vasa Church lies in the center of what is called Vasa Town, in Stockholm It is impressive, almost 60 meters high to the top of its dome, one

of the largest churches in Stockholm with seating for 1,200

The church’s floor plan is like a Greek cross and the building itself is neo-Baroque, particularly inspired by the Baroque churches in Italy It was consecrated in 1906

Inside the visitor is met with a lovely sight The altar decoration was inspired by the Gesu Church in Rome and created in 1725-1731 for the cathedral in Uppsala The painted dome and marble pulpit are other attractions

Tour 2: Stockholm

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24 Svea Way (Sveavägen)

Subway: Rådmansgatan/Hötorget

Sveavägen is the largest street that runs from the

heart of Stockholm to the north In the 18th century,

King Gustav III had plans to convert the street to a

boulevard with esplanades in a line from Stockholm

Castle to Haga Castle (which is today Haga Castle

ruins) Today Svea Way is a lively street with office

buildings and several oriental restaurants

On February 28, 1986, Sweden’s Prime Minister

Olof Palme was assassinated on Svea Way where it

crosses Tunnel Street (Tunnelgatan) There is a

commemorative plaque marking the spot

25 Adolf Fredrik’s Church

Holländargatan 16

www.adolffredrik.nu

Subway: Rådmansgatan/Hötorget

This parish church was built in 1768-1774, and

consecrated by the Swedish king and other

prominent persons Since 1674, there was a wooden

chapel on the site, which was preserved during the

construction of the new church, by building around

the chapel so that it stood in the middle of the new

church room

The church is primarily built in the classical style,

and crowned by a small chapel with lanterns on its

top It is 54 meters high

The church’s interior is not the original, as it underwent major renovation in 1893-1895 The altarpiece, which represents the Resurrection, was created by Johan Tobias Sergel, after whom the neighboring Sergel’s Square was named

26 King Street (Kungsgatan)

Subway: Hötorget

King Street is the main traffic artery through the city Notice the two imposing tower-like office buildings on either side of the street where it crosses Malmskillnadsgatan

Tour 3: Stockholm

The concert hall is the leading playhouse for

orchestrated music in Stockholm and is the home of

the city’s philharmonic orchestra

But the concert hall is best known as the venue for the

annual awarding of the Nobel Prizes (with the exception

of the Peace Prize, which is awarded in Oslo)

The building was opened in 1926 and is one of the

best examples of neoclassicism of the 1920’s

28 Museum of the Mediterranean

29 The Parliament (Riksdagen)

Riksgatan 3A www.riksdagen.se Subway: Kungsträdgården

Sweden’s House of Parliament was built in

1894-1905 to house the country’s two chambers In 1971, Sweden became a unicameral system; and the building was rebuilt to accommodate the change

The building is in the neo-Baroque style and is in two parts: the east and west wings There are guided tours through the building

30 Museum of the Middle Ages (Medeltidsmuseum)

Strömparterren, Norrbro www.medeltidsMuseum.stockholm.se Subway: Kungsträdgården

Stockholm’s subterranean medieval museum is built around ruins from the city’s early history; and shows the city’s growth from its founding and up through the Middle Ages

Tour 3: Stockholm

The ruins were discovered during archaeological

excavations in 1978-1980 The museum was opened

in 1986; and until 2009 will be under renovation For

the moment the exhibits can be seen at the Culture

House (Kulturhuset) on Sergels Square (Subway:

T-Centralen)

31 The Royal Opera (Kungliga Operan)

Gustav Adolfs Torg

www.operan.se

Subway: Kungsträdgården

Stockholm’s original opera house was opened in

1782 under the rule of Gustav III; and ten years later,

a real drama took place at the site: the Swedish king

was shot during a masquerade

A century later, in 1891, Gustav III’s opera was torn

down and the present building constructed It was

opened in 1898 The style is neo-Baroque

Opera and ballet are performed on its scenes

A fire in 1723 destroyed the uppermost part of the church including the tower, which was subsequently rebuilt in Late Baroque style When renovated in 1968-1969, the church was painted red as it was in the 17th century

The interior of St Jacob’s Church is interesting Throughout the 19th century, furnishings were entirely renewed; and at the close of the century, it was carried out in the new national romantic style The altar decoration was created by Stockholm’s royal architect in 1936-1937 The baptismal is the original from 1643 There are two organs, one from

1644 (added to since then) while the second was installed in 1960

33 The King’s Garden (Kungsträdgården)

Kungsträdgårdsgatan

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Stockholm

Subway: Kungsträdgården

Kungsträdgården or the King’s Garden is a green

area opposite the Stockholm Castle, which was laid

out in 1562 as a park Previously the area was for

stables for the castle and in 1635-1643, the castle

Makalös/Nonpareil was built on the site

Until the 18th century, the garden was exclusively

for the royal court; but since then there has been

free access for the public Early in its existence a wall

was built to enclose the area; there was dense foliage

and a green house From the end of the 18th century,

lawns were planted and buildings were gradually

removed Nonpareil was razed after a fire in 1825,

the walls and green house followed; so the park

became the lovely oasis it is today

In the King’s Garden there are statues of the kings

Karl XII and Karl XIII

34 National Museum

Södra Blasieholmshamnen Subway: Kungsträdgården

The National Museum, housing Sweden’s largest art collection, was opened in 1866 in the present museum building The building was constructed in the

Florentine/Venetian Renaissance style that leads one’s thoughts to Italy, the home of the beaux arts

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The museum’s collection was founded by Gustav

Vasa at Gripsholm Castle in Mariefred in the 16th

century; and has since grown through purchases,

gifts and booty of war In 1654, Queen Kristina took

many works with her to Rome; and in 1697 fire

caused great destruction But the collection grew and

many works were acquired through Carl Gustaf

Tessin’s purchases as ambassador in Paris from

1739-1742 Gustaf III purchased many sculptures in

Italy at the end of the 18th century; and in this way,

the museum’s sculpture collection was begun

The National Museum opened in 1794 as one of the

first public museums in the world At that time, it

was housed in the royal castle The present museum

building was taken into use in 1866 On the façade

over the entrance is the inscription in Latin,

“Monument for Antiques, Literature and Art”

In 1958 the Museum’s newer collection from the

1900’s was transferred to the Museum for Modern

Art; and five years later, the oriental collection to the

East Asiatic Museum At the National Museum it is

possible to see a wide variety of works including the

great European painters from the 16th-20th century,

including 17th century Dutch, 18th century French

as well as the French impressionists

as well as the Trinity Church in Karlskrona It was built in 1824-1842 and consecrated under the name

of Karl Johan’s Church The church was used for various religious functions until 2002

36 East Asiatic Museum

Tyghusplan, Skeppsholmen www.ostasiatiska.se

Subway: Kungsträdgården

The East Asiatic Museum includes exhibits from various parts of the Orient The weight of the collections is archaeological finds and art from China, Japan, India and Korea

The collections were initially started by the archaeologist Johan ”China Gunnar” Andersson’s archaeological findings from his travels in the 1920’s and the original museum was founded I 1926

The collections grew steadily and in 1959 it was decided that the National Museum’s East Asiatic collections should be moved to their own museum, the East Asiatic Museum, which opened in 1963

Tour 3: Stockholm

The museum is located in the building for the

Swedish navy’s weapon house from the close of the

17th century The Weapon House was designed by

Nicodemus Tessin the Younger, and through the

years has served as a rope work, poor house and

Stockholm’s Museum for Modern Art is since 1958

housed in what was the drill hall The museum was

established through a decision to separate the

collection of modern art from other collections in

the National Museum The building was radically

rebuilt in 1998-2004, when Rafael Moneo’s

construction was complete

The museum’s collections include paintings,

sculptures, installations, drawings and much more

from the 1900’s to today and include works by Dali,

Picasso and Warhol The alternating exhibits are of

the same high standard as the museum’s own

The main theme of Stockholm’s Museum of

Architecture is Swedish architecture, with particular

focus of the last 100 years, which is very colorfully

presented Furniture, models and material trials are

just some of the things to be seen There are also many alternating exhibits

39 The Citadel (Kastellet)

Kastellholmen Subway: Kungsträdgården Like its neighboring island Skeppsholmen, Kastellholmen was also a military island that has been converted to a recreational area with many museums

The dominant building on Kastellholmen is the Citadel, built in red brick in 1846-1848 Most characteristic is its red tower where the tridentate Swedish flag is flown when the country is at peace

Since 1667 there has been a citadel here but as it blew up in 1845, a replacement was needed

Tour 3: Stockholm

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The street Nybrohamnen lies down by the water at

Nybroviken and there is a fantastic atmosphere here

Many of the beautiful and nostalgic wooden ships

from the 1900’s depart from here daily, as do other

ferries, to many destinations in Stockholm’s

archipelago

Just sit down and enjoy the view and if you want to

take a trip, try the ferry to Djursgård zoo that makes

the round trip relatively quickly

41 Hallwylska Museum

Hamngatan 4 www.hallwylskaMuseum.se Subway: Östermalmstorg

The palace that houses Hallwyl Museum was built

in 1893-1898 by Isak Gustaf Clason as Walther and Wilhelmina Hallwyl’s home The palace was furnished very modern for the time; and as the City Council became its owners in 1920, furnishings have been kept intact

The collection is made up of the many works of art that Wilhelmina Hallwyl acquired on her travels, including many Dutch and Flemish paintings Also the palace’s interior is worth a visit

Tour 4: Stockholm

42 The Royal Theater

(Kungliga Dramatiska Teatern)

Nybroplan

www.dramaten.se

Subway: Östermalms Torg

The Royal Theater, or Dramaten, as it is also called,

is Sweden’s national scene for drama The theater

was founded by King Gustav III in 1788 Before this

time, performances were in French but Gustav III

wanted and established the Swedish language theater,

which from its inception were performed in

Dramaten

In the beginning the Great Ball House (Store

Bollhuset) on Castle Hill (Slottsbacken) served as the

theater, later the Arsenal Theater, which burned

down in 1825, and then the Opera until 1863 when

performances were moved to the Small Theater

(Mindre Teatern) In 1901 permission was granted to

raise money for a new building by a lottery - a

tremendous success More money was raised than

budgeted which made it possible to raise the

ambitions of the project The Royal Theater was

opened in 1908

In the foyer are beautiful murals and sculptures

There are several scenes in the building but the Big

Scene (Stora Scenen) with seating for 750 is the

original from 1908

43 The Royal Stables (Hovstallet)

Väpnargatan 1 www.kungahuset.se/dekungligaslotten/hmkon ungenshovstall

Subway: Östermalms Torg

The Royal Stables, Hovstallet, is where the royal family’s vehicles and horses are cared for and maintained The horses are all brown and they are trained and ridden daily The first automobile ever acquired was a Daimler from 1899

The present building was built by King Oscar II in

1884 but prior to this, the stables were located in various buildings spread around the center of the city None of the older buildings have been preserved; they have either burned down or were razed to make room for other construction

44 Army Museum

Riddargatan 13 www.armemuseum.se Subway: Östermalms Torg

The Swedish Army Museum is a military museum installed in the weapon house from 1867 The building served as the arsenal for only 10 years, when it was converted to a museum for the artillery and later to military in general

Among the many exhibits is a large collection of hand weapons, some of the Swedish state’s war booty as from the Thirty Years’ War, war vehicles and other armored tanks and vehicles

Tour 4: Stockholm

In the Artillery Yard is the Poltava Monument from

1904 in commemoration of the Battle of Poltava in

1709 The original plan was to place the monument

on the battlefield; but this never came to be, so it

still stands in Stockholm instead of in the Ukraine

The monument represents Svea who spreads a

banner over the fallen soldier

45 Hedvig Eleonora Church

Storgatan 7

www.hedvigeleonora.se

Subway: Östermalms Torg

The church was consecrated in 1737 and is named

after King Karl X Gustav’s queen Hedvig Eleonora

The church came to be when the area was

established as a new parish; and construction of the

octagonal church was started in 1669 but was soon

halted due to lack of funds In its stead a small

wooden church was built and in 1725 construction

of the present church was resumed The church’s

dome was built in 1866-1868 with a style different than the lower part of the building

Inside is the Golden Altar, made of wood from

1747 The pulpit was added in 1784 and is in the classical style Also of interest are the paintings and the chandeliers – which are copies of the chandelier given to the church by the congregation in 1673

46 Historical Museum

Narvavägen 13-17 www.historiska.se Subway: Karlaplan

The Historical Museum in Stockholm is the best in the country and in it are exhibited some of the largest and most significant archaeological finds in Sweden

The Gold Room is the museum’s highlight In it are exhibited numerous historical gold and silver artifacts, including gold chains from the 4th and 5th centuries, Viking silver and a reliquary from the Middle Ages

Besides the Gold Room, a visit to the museum is a journey through Sweden’s history and the

museum’s collections and historical representations provide a good general impression It is also possible to delve in depth into a single topic or era

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The museum tells the story of Swedish ship building

as well as the country’s merchant marine and naval

defense In this way the museum offers a unified

picture of Swedish maritime through the ages

Models, photographs, drawings and many relics are

on display in the museum, which was built for the

purpose in 1933-1936 Among the more curious

items is King Gustav III’s cabin from his luxury

yacht Amphion, which he had built in 1788

There are also other things to see outside the

building, such as the anchor from the barge Pegasus

and a statue in memory of the fallen sailors from the

Second World War

48 Technological Museum

Museivägen 7 www.tekniskaMuseum.se Subway: Karlaplan

The Technological Museum displays technology, industrial history and the natural sciences from Sweden and the world The museum was founded

in 1924 by several institutions including the predecessor to the Swedish Union of Engineers and Sweden’s Industrial Society

Tour 4: Stockholm

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There are many exciting things to see and try in the

museum’s permanent exhibit; and there are thematic

and alternating exhibits So there is always

something for curious soles, not to mention the

Technorama

The Technorama is where the guest can experiment

with technique and natural science Check out

technology from different eras, experiment with light

and optical phenomena and much more

49 Ethnographic Museum

Djurgårdsbrunnsvägen 34

www.etnografiska.se

Subway: Karlaplan

The Ethnographic Museum contains several

hundred thousand artifacts from the entire world,

where a large portion are from outside Europe,

including Africa, the large cultural nations of Asia

and from the Arctic regions

The museum’s oldest objects date back to the first

half of the 18th century, when the collections were

brought to the Royal Scientific Academy, which

since 1900 severed its relations to the ethnographic

branch The present museum building was built in

1976-1978 and opened in 1980

50 Kaknäs Tower

Mörka Kroken www.kaknastornet.aos.se Subway: Karlaplan

The 155 meter high Kaknäs Tower was built in 1963-1967 as the center for all of Sweden’s radio and telecommunication The tower was named after the royal manor Kaknäs the once lay on the site

On the lobby’s walls is a work of art that symbolizes communication The elevator runs from the lobby up to the 30th story On the top are several stories which are open to the public, with a café, restaurant and a look-out platform

On a clear day there is a fantastic view of Stockholm and the archipelago It is a good way to get an overview of the region’s unique geography with the many islands and waterways that form the Swedish capital

Tour 4: Stockholm