Travel to Gothenburg potx

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Translation: Frances østerfelt

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4

A visit to Gothenburg

www.goteborg.com

www.visitsweden.com

Gothenburg is Sweden’s next largest city and the

country’s window to the West Seafaring has

always played an important role for the city’s

growth and development; and it is one of the

country’s absolute commercial centers and

includes Scandinavia’s largest harbor Gothenburg,

with its population of 500,000 inhabitants, is

beautifully located where the wide Göta River and

the archipelago with its many islands meet near

Kattegat

The atmosphere in Gothenburg is very international, and the city contains a broad spectrum of attractions, culture, gastronomy and treats in the surrounding nature, all of which are visible even in the heart of the city

Exciting and varying architecture is one of the city’s trademarks, just as are the many interesting museums which await visitors with their well laid out exhibits Shopping centers, walking streets, rides on the trolleys, sailing on the canals, cozy cafés and international cuisine are some of the things that attract visitors to Gothenburg every year

Happy holiday!

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6

Historical outline

It was in the 13th century that Sweden in the

Gothenburg area gained a land mass between the

Norwegian Bohus Län and Danish Halland with

access to Kattegat Before that, Lödöse 40 km

from the mouth of the Göta River was the closest

town

The first fortress built by King Birger Magnusson

was Gullberg, built around 1303 In 1333 the

stronghold Lindholmen was mentioned for the

first time in a letter from King Magnus Eriksson,

and in 1366 Älvsborg was mentioned for the first

time With these strongholds, the Swedes were

able to control the mouth of the Göta River

The town Götaholm was founded in 1473 and

later changed its name to New Lödöse Götaholm

took over the role as trading center for inland

Sweden

Götaholm was vulnerable to possible attack from

the sea For this reason, in 1545 dwellings were

moved to Älvsborg, which could offer protection

In 1570, however, the Danes captured Älvsborg

Fortress, and its inhabitants returned to Götaholm

At the start of the 17th century, a group of

Dutchmen came to the area They were to develop

Sweden’s copper trade For that purpose, King

Karl IX founded Gothenburg and gave it city

rights in 1607 But in 1611 the city was destroyed

during the Calmar War

In 1621, King Gustav II Adolf founded the

second and now existing Gothenburg It was a

fusion of the Dutch and Swedish-German cultures

and traditions from the two previous towns in the

area A large portion of Götaholm/New Lödöses

population was moved

Through the 17th century, Gothenburg was constantly being expanded in tact with its roles as Sweden’s window to the West and the overseas trading center for northwest European markets The town was a bishopric with its bishop and city

of residence for its county leaders and governors

In 1670 it had 4,000 inhabitants

Both Halland and Bohus Län had become Swedish territories Gothenburg maintained its position as the west coast’s dominant city in a now greater Swedish region

Through the 17th century, Dutch trade and capital were dominant in Gothenburg’s development The city was a leader in textile production However, in the 18th century, the British took over the Dutch trading position in the city The greatest articles of export were products of iron and wood from the Swedish inland that were sailed to Gothenburg by way of the Göta River

It was also in the 18th century that Gothenburg was the center of the entire region for trade with Chinese tea and porcelain Trade went through the East India Company, which was founded in 1731

The city’s position in the country was strong; and

by that time was already Sweden’s second largest city Around 1800 there were 13,000 inhabitants in the city; and during the explosive growth of the period, its population increased tenfold to 130,000

in 1900

At the start of the 19th century, with Napoleon’s continental blockade, Gothenburg became England’s port of transfer for products to and from Europe Gothenburg flourished; even after the withdrawal of the blockade; many British and Scottish businessmen settled in the city

Besides economic prosperity, the presence of British businessmen gave the city a cultural lift

Many of them became well-to-do; and they

Historical outline

donated their fortunes to the city of Gothenburg,

which made it possible to establish various

institutions, including the hospital, library and

university

Around 1850, Gothenburg had become the

country’s largest import and export harbor; and

this trade led to many new industries After

Stockholm, Gothenburg was Sweden’s largest

industrial city

Around 1900, modern Gothenburg was laid out

with its wide boulevards and many parks The

amusement park Liseberg and the beautifully

planned Göteplads were built in connection with

the World Exposition that was held in the city in

1923

The city thrived and prospered thanks to the wharfs and Swedish maritime Some businesses were also founded in this period, such as SKF the Swedish Coal Depot (SKF Svenska

Kullagerfabriken) and Volvo automobile factory

Well into the 20th century, Gothenburg was dominated by the harbor and its many heavy industries Crisis in the 1970’s led to a shutdown

of the wharfs meant economically hard times for the city

Today’s Gothenburg is a modern and open city, which in the latest decades has grown

economically as well as culturally

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Gothenburg’s Central Station dates back to the

childhood of Swedish railways One of the

country‘s first lines, stretching from Gothenburg

to Jonserede, was opened December 1, 1856; and

with a railway, a station was obviously needed

Typical of the period, stations were impressive

constructions and Gothenburg’s station was

opened in 1858 in majestic palatial style Since

then, it has been remodeled and expanded several

times

In the 19th century more than one million Swedes passed through the Central Station on their way from various places in the country to

Gothenburg’s harbor and to the ships for America that sailed immigrants to the new country

The Central Station was built in the region that was originally the bastion Johannes Rex

2 Little Bomm/Lilla Bommen

www.borjessons.com Trolley: Lilla Bommen

Little Bomm is part of Gothenburg’ large harbor, located down by the Göta River in the northern part of the inner city

Little Bomm is a good place to start if you want to experience some of the busy harbor atmosphere; it

is also here where the major maritime attractions are to be found

Tour 1: Gothenburg

In season, tour boats sail from Little Bomm to

various places in Gothenburg’s archipelago Or

you can just sail down the Göta River to

Gothenburg’s large harbor It all depends on the

season Plan on spending a day for the trip, if you

sail from here

3 Gothenburg’s Lookout/

Göteborgs Utkiken

Lilla Bommen

Trolley: Lilla Bommen

Gothenburg’s Lookout is a skyscraper by the

harbor; construction was completed in 1989 As

the name implies, there is a fine view from its top

86 meters above the water A trip to the top is

particularly rewarding on a clear day with a

panoramic view over Gothenburg, the Göta River

and the archipelago to the west

4 Gothenburg’s Opera

Christina Nilssons Gata www.opera.se

Trolley: Lilla Bommen

Gothenburg’s colorful opera was built in

1991-1994 on a beautiful site near the Göta River and Little Bomm Despite the name, its 1,300 visitors not only enjoy opera, but also ballet, musicals and other arrangements

Dimensions of the opera house are quite impressive: 160 meters long, 85 meters wide and

32 meters high

5 Gothenburg’s Maritime Center/

Maritima Center

Packhuskajen www.goteborgsmaritimacentrum.com Trolley: Lilla Bommen

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10

The Maritime Center in Gothenburg is one of the

largest ship museums in the world The city has

always been closely connected to the sea and the

Göta River; and has grown thanks to the trade and

transport this has brought with it In the 1970’s

the wharf industry was in a crisis The industry

went under and left large areas of the inner harbor

deserted

On the previous industrial sites the new Maritima

Center opened its doors in 1987 The museum

displays Gothenburg’s maritime development and

there is a large collection of maritime vessels that

the public can see at close hand

The exhibits include a submarine, freighter, a

fishing boat and lighthouse boat In the submarine

Nordkaparen from 1952 one can experience the

life of a seaman and learn more about the

functions of the lighthouse boat on board the

Fladen

6 Crown House/Kronhuset

Postgatan

www.kronhuset.nu

The Crown House is Gothenburg’s oldest

preserved building, constructed in 1643-1654

Streets around the Crown House comprised the

artillery’s weaponry, with a smithy and military

storehouses Crown House itself was a storehouse

and weaponry, until 1660, when King Carl X

Gustav converted it to the assembly room for the national assemblies he ordered convened

In 1680 the ground floor was converted to a chapel; and until 1899 religious services for the city‘s military personnel were held here In the 18th century, the neighborhood around Crown House burned and of the many buildings in the area, only Crown House was left standing

In 1929, Gothenburg city bought Crown House, which in 1956 became part of Gothenburg’s city museum In the old assembly room is a tapestry from Brussels which was woven around 1700

Besides its function as a museum, Crown House is also used for various arrangements and exhibits

7 Crown House Shops/

Kronhusbodarna

Postgatan www.kronhusbodarna.nu

In the area behind Crown House, Kronhusgården,

are some 18th century workshops for craftsmen, which comprise a living museum in the midst of the inner city In the old houses are a glass blower, watch maker and a chocolate factory

Tour 1: Gothenburg

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8 Gustav Adolf’s Square/

Gustav Adolfs Torg

www.goteborgstingsratt.dom.se Trolley: Brunnsparken

This square is one of Gothenburg’s central city spaces, previous called – and perhaps more descriptive – the Great Square Its present name comes from the city’s founder King Gustav II Adolf A statue of him from 1854 stands in the center of the square

On the south side of Gustav Adolf’s Square is the Great Harbor Canal (Stora Hamnkanalen), which flows into the Göta River There was also a canal

on Östra Hamngatan, but was land-filled in 1936

The Square houses many of the city’s most important administrative buildings To the west is the city’s town hall, whose oldest part was finished after two years of construction in 1672 In 1732 the building was painted yellow; and in 1814-1817 the original part was rebuilt and expanded to its present form including the pompous entrance portal Due to lack of space, it was again necessary

to expand and the functional annex was inaugurated in 1937 It was designed by Gunnar Asplund and includes the town council room

Today the building also includes the courthouse

Gothenburg’s old trade exchange is also located

on Gustav Adolf’s Square It was built on the north side of the square in 1849 After a fire in

1895 it was decided to remodel the building’s interior Today it is a place of representation for Gothenburg City

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Christina Church, also known as the German

Church because of its German congregation, is

housed here The name Christina is from the

queen Christina, one of the largest donators to the

church’s construction

In 1623 the growing numbers of German and

Dutch inhabitants were given permission to build

a church for their own congregation, which was

consecrated in 1648 Adornment of the church,

however, continued for several decades; but a fire

in 1669 put a stop to its completion Thanks to

large donations, three years after the fire, the

church could once again be opened The tower,

however, was first completed in 1698 A fire in

1746 again destroyed large parts of the building

The church was re-consecrated in 1748; and the

tower completed 25 years later

Today the church is known for its bells from 1961

There are 42 bells which ring several times daily

10 Gothenburg’s City Museum/

Göteborgs Stadsmuseum

Norra Hamngatan 12

www.stadsmuseum.goteborg.se

Trolley: Domkyrkan

Gothenburg City Museum is located in one of the

city’s large historical building, previously the

Swedish East India Company’s headquarters, the

East India House (Ostindiska Huset) The property

around the house was vacant after a fire in 1746;

and the impressive building was constructed in

1752-1762 In 1813 the house was sold From

1861, there’s been a museum in the building

The present Gothenburg City Museum was

founded in 1993 through a fusion of several

museums, including the two that were already located in the East India House

Gothenburg City Museum relates the history of the city of Gothenburg as well as that of western Sweden from the present and back through the Middle Ages, the time of the Vikings and the earliest settlers in the region The collections include a wealth of various relics from the different periods and levels of society The history

of the building’s original owners, the Swedish East India Company, is also told in this exciting museum

11 The Cathedral/Domkyrkan

Västra Hamngatan www.svenskakyrkan.se/gbgdomkyrko Trolley: Domkyrkan

Gothenburg’s Cathedral was consecrated in 1815, and its official name is Gustavi Domkyrka, named after King Gustav II Adolf

Other churches have also lain on this site in centuries past The first temporary church was also the city’s first church The first real church was built in 1626-1633; but the tower was first completed in 1643 The church and many of the surrounding houses burned in 1721 Just one year

Tour 1: Gothenburg

later, a new church was consecrated Fire in 1802

again destroyed the church; the present building

was built and consecrated in 1815 The total

construction was finished in 1825 with the tower’s

completion

The cathedral is in the classical style with Doric

columns at the western entrance Its dimensions

are 59 meters long, 38 meters wide and a height of

52 meters at the peak of the tower

Inside is the organ whose façade is the original from 1810; but the organ itself is from 1962 On the altar are figures of angels from 1752 but in a different style The figures were rescued from the fire of 1802 and remounted in the new interior

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This square got its name from the southern

entrance to the city, Kungsporten, which lay just at

this spot until its demolition in 1839 Kungsporten

was one of the city’s three city gates; the two

others were Drottningporten (Queen’s Port), near the

present Drottningtorget (Queen’s Square) to the east,

and Karlsporten near Kungsgatan to the west

12a Sailing on Paddan

www.paddan.se

Paddan is Gothenburg’s sightseeing boat Various

tours along the city’s canals and harbor depart

from King’s Port Bridge (Kungsportbron) near

King’s Port Square (Kungsportsplatsen)

The classical Paddan trip sails through the center

of the city along the main canals Vallgraven and

Stora Hamnkanalen, before sailing out onto the

Göta River and the large harbor installations lying there The return trip through the city center is along the Rosenlund Canal

13 Salu Hall

Kungstorget Trolley: Kungsportsplatsen

Salu Hall is a lively marketplace with many small shops The building itself was built on the wharf

Götaverket as a marketplace in 1888-1889

As early as the mid-19th century, King’s Square

(Kungstorget) was the midpoint for the city’s market

and trade of agricultural products

Tour 2: Gothenburg

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14 The Bastions

Trolley: Kungsportsplatsen

Until the 19th century, Gothenburg was one of the

best fortified cities in Northern Europe with its

wide moats, ravelings and bastions surrounding

the city center and facing the Göta River There

were a total of nine bastions, which from west

towards east were named: Carolus XI Rex, Carolus

Gustavus Rex, Christina Regina, Carolus Dux,

Johannes Dux, Gustavus Magnus, Carolus IX Rex,

Johannes Rex and Gustavus Primus

Many of the areas have through time been

demolished for the purpose of city expansion and

later because of traffic To the southeast there is

still a relatively long stretch of the ancient moat

and installations for the defense of the city

Basargatan and Stora Nygatan curve around the

northern side of the moat (Vallgraven) and on the

other side are lush parks including King’s Park

(Kungsparken) and the Garden Society’s

The Grand Theater is one of Gothenburg’s

cultural centers The theater has existed since 1816;

but the present building was constructed in 1859

by B.C Malmberg The building was opened

under the name New Theater Building style is new-renaissance, and was inspired by Gottfried Semper’s court theater in Dresden As in Dresden, the exterior was formed to fit the inner demands and needs In 1880 the theater got its present name; and has been the scene for many different art forms From 1920-1994 operas, operettas and musicals have been performed here In 1994 performances were moved to the newly built Gothenburg Opera Since then, the building has been bought by SAMI, an organization for Swedish artistes and musicians The organization renovated and refurbished the Grand Theater so that today it is used for large theatrical

performances, concerts and other cultural arrangements

16 Garden Society’s Park/

Trädgårdsföreningens Park

www.tradgardsforeningen.se Trolley: Kungsportsplatsen

Gothenburg’s Garden Society was founded in

1842, inspired by the botanical gardens in Berlin King Carl XIV Johan donated the ground by the moat for this purpose

The park is laid out on land from the old walls of defense; but the earth contains much clay, so it was not easy to plant a garden Work was started and eventually the beautiful park took shape and the various buildings were built

In the park is a palm house from 1878 that is almost 1,000 square meters in size The house was constructed of wrought iron and glass; and is the park’s trademark Inside are many different milieus: tropical for the many palms, a mixed rain forest with birds flying freely, and a Mediterranean house that recreates the flora of Southern Europe

One can also admire one of Europe’s largest rose gardens, with approximately 2,000 different roses

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16

The Garden Society’s Park is also a sculpture park,

where it’s possible to stroll along the paths and

enjoy the works of various artists There is also a

playground that is especially popular with children

17 Kingsport Avenue/

Kungsportsavenyn

Trolley: Valand

Kingsport Avenue is Gothenburg’s wide and

beautifully designed boulevard The avenue was

laid out on the old road to King’s Port and the

heart of Gothenburg Today it is a fashionable

street with large institutions, businesses and cafés

Kingsport Avenue is popularly called The Avenue

(Avenyn); and ends at the beautiful square, Göta

Square (Götaplatsen).

18 Röhsska Museum

Vasagatan 37-39 www.designmuseum.se Trolley: Valand

Röhsska Museum is the museum for design and handicrafts The collections are concentrated around older Swedish and European objects and utensils; but there are also Greek and Roman antiquities as well as Chinese and Japanese crafts

The museum was created from donations by the brothers August and Wilhelm Röhss in 1901 The design of the building itself was chosen from an architectural competition Carl Westman’s design

in national romantic style won Construction was completed in 1914 and the museum opened in 1916; and was remodeled in 1961

Tour 2: Gothenburg>

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19 Vasa Church/Vasakyrkan

Engelbrektsgatan

www.svenskakyrkan.se/vasa

Trolley: Vasaplatsen/Valand

Vasa Church was consecrated in 1909 after major

expansion of that area of Gothenburg around

1900 Construction is monumental, primarily in

the national romantic style of the period Granite

from Lysekil in bohus Län was used

Inside the church is a huge mural from 1920’s

portraying the Ascension

20 Vasa Art Center /Vasa Konsthall

Läraregatan 3 www.vasakonsthall.se Trolley: Kapellplatsen

Vasa Art Center opened its doors as an exhibition hall in 2006; its aim being through an attractive and stimulating milieu to provide inspiration and unique experiences Chalmers University is the primus motor behind the project The interplay between art, technology and the natural sciences can lead to exciting exhibits

The museum building is part of the earlier hospital, Vasa Infirmary that was inaugurated in 1888 as a charitable institution under the name of Gibraltar

Relief and Charity Institute (Gibraltar Fattigvårds-

och Försörjningsanstalt)

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18

Tour 2: Gothenburg

Tour 3: Gothenburg

21 Göta Square/Götaplatsen

Trolley: Berzelligatan

The square at the end of Kingsport Avenue was

envisioned in the 1860’s where the city planners

were inspired by Paris or Vienna’s Ringstrasse The

final plans and completion, however, were finally

carried out in the 1920’s as part of the city’s 300

year anniversary in 1923

Carl Mille’s Poseidon fountain, unveiled in 1931,

stands in the center, harmonically placed between

the large buildings on the square The Greek god

of the seas, Poseidon, was an obvious choice in

light of the sea’s significance for Gothenburg’s

growth

From Göta Square there is a beautiful view down

Kingsport Avenue with its trees and to the old

part of the city behind the historical moat

21a Museum of Art/Konstmuseet

www.konstmuseum.goteborg.se

The museum was one of the buildings completed

in time for Gothenburg’s 300-year anniversary in

1923 The style is neoclassical; and with its

location at the end of Kingsport Avenue it is one

of the city’s most distinctive buildings

The museum’s art collection is the second largest

in Sweden Among its highlights is the collection

of Nordic paintings, particularly from the end of the 19th century and generally from 1800-1900; and includes works by Edvard Munch and the Skaw painters of Denmark

There are also various European works from 1400-1600 and sculptures by Johan Tobias Sergel, Carl Milles and others Finally, there are interesting changing exhibits

21b Gothenburg’s Art Center/

Göteborgs Konsthall www.konsthallen.goteborg.se

Gothenburg’s Art Center is a museum showing Swedish and international contemporary art It was once part of the adjacent Museum of Art; but is now an independent institution, which arranges alternating exhibits

The museum building was opened in 1923 It is monumental modern classical in style, as the other buildings on Göta Square

21c Gothenburg’s City Theater/

Göteborgs Stadsteater www.stadsteatern.goteborg.se

The City Theater was built in 1930-1934; its façade

is a blend of the 1900’s classicism and modern functionalism

The theater was re-built in 2000, but keeping the famous parts of the spectators’ areas, including the stairways, in their original 1930’s style

21d Gothenburg’s Concert House www.gso.se

The Concert House was originally part of the plan for the buildings which should be ready for the city’s 300-years’ anniversary in 1923; but due to lack of funds, construction was postponed There was another concert house, opened close by on

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Gothenburg

20

the Heath in 1905; but as it burned down in 1928,

the need for a new concert house grew

In 1931 construction was begun and Gothenburg’s

Concert House was completed in 1935 The

architect Nils Einar Eriksson, normally known for

his functional buildings, designed this construction

in a modern version of classicism to fit into the

concept of Göta Square’s monumental edifices

The interior of the Concert House is richly

adorned; and from the large auditorium one can

enjoy the tones from Gothenburg’s symphony

orchestra, founded in 1905; and considered one of

Sweden‘s best

22 Universeum

Södra Vägen 50 www.universeum.se Trolley: Korsvägen

Universeum is a modern science center, which opened in 2001, for anyone curious about the wonderful world of technology and natural science with exciting exhibits, including aquariums and rain forests with varying themes

Explora is the center’s experimental unit, dealing with people and the technology surrounding us

In the Aquarium Hall, there are sharks, crabs, rays, moray eels and much more in the millions of liters

of water that comprises the huge water system with fresh and salt water as well as cold and hot

Tour 3: Gothenburg

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If one likes danger, then walk among the

poisonous snakes in Deadly Beauties, while the

rain forest offers the visitor piranhas, cockroaches

and spiders

In short, there is a world of adventure awaiting

visitors at the science center

23 Museum of World Culture/

Världskulturmuseet

Södra vägen 54

www.varldskulturmuseet.se

Trolley: Korsvägen

Gothenburg’s Museum of World Cultures was

built in 2004 after a decision made eight years

prior by the Swedish parliament to fuse several

museums and create this exciting concept

The building’s modern architecture was thought of

as a huge block of ice containing variations as

from nature’s hand within The heart of the

construction is the main staircase, which was

inspired by the Spanish Stairway in Rome

The primary aim of the Museum of World Culture

is to describe mankind and its creations in all

respects

The museum has its beginnings with its

ethnographic collections which were begun in the

1800’s In the course of time, many have been

instrumental in its expansion by collecting relics

from all over the world and bringing these back to

Sweden; particularly South America is richly

Liseberg is Gothenburg’s popular, funny and cozy

amusement part The park opened its doors to the

public in 1923 in connection with the 300-year anniversary for the city’s founding

The name Liseberg is a contraction of Elisabeth Söderberg, the wife of the owner of the grounds in the mid-18th century

The park is now owned by Gothenburg city, and was to be torn down after the festivities But the city’s inhabitants were so pleased with the place that hundreds of thousands visited it from the very start; so Liseberg was able to continue

One of the original attractions was the Old Mountain Train, which at its opening was the world’s largest roller coaster, with tracks almost one kilometer long From 1935-1962 the large

swimming pool, Liseberg Bath (Lisebergsbadet), was

one of the most popular attractions at Liseberg

Today there’s everything from dance halls, restaurants and the wheel of fortune to the hair-raising roller coasters that practically shoot the guests out of a cannon, reaching enormous speeds Revues and glamorous shows are also a natural part of the park, which at night is like an illuminated gem at the foot of the rolling terrain of the area

25 Örgryte Old Church/

Örgryte Gamla Kyrka

Danska Vägen/S:t Sigfrids Plan www.svenskakyrkan.se/orgryte Trolley: S:t Sigfrids Plan

The cozy Örgryte Old Church in its original form

is from the mid-13th century However, through the ages, it has been re-built and expanded many times Its present form is from the 18th - and start

of the 19th century

The church lies in a beautiful natural area between two of the elevations just outside Gothenburg’s center

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22

Of the church’s interior, the neoclassical altar is

interesting with its inspiration of the façade of a

temple The pulpit is Baroque The church’s

baptismal is formed of red limestone – all of these

produced or thought to be in the 18th century

The cozy Örgryte Old Church is coincidentally

one of the most popular places in the city for

weddings

26 Örgryte New Church/

Örgryte Nya Kyrka

Örgryte Kyrkogata

www.svenskakyrkan.se/orgryte

Trolley: Bäckeliden

With the 19th century’s industrialization and many

people that moved from the countryside to the

city, the Örgryte neighborhood grew so that the

old church was too small

In the 1880’s the new church was built and consecrated in 1890 It is a fine example of the New Gothic style

27 Skansen Lion/Skansen Lejonet

Kruthusgatan 4 Trolley: Svingeln

Skansen Lion is together with Skansen Crown

(Skansen Kronan) defense entrenchments from the

end of the 17th century Skansen Lion was built on Gullberg east of Gothenburg 1687-1694 Earlier there had been defensive encampments on the strategically important Gullberg, but only with the construction of Skansen Lion was there now a permanent edifice

The walls are 7 meters thick; and on the top of the solid, round central tower sat a lion After a fire in the roof in 1891, the present lion was set up in

1893 The figure is 4 meters high, cast in copper

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The word Feskekôrka means Fish Church, which is

very appropriate for this unique building that looks

like a church, but is a fish market

Originally, fish were sold on the quays along the

Great Harbor Canal (Stora Hamnkanalen); but when

the area around Gustav Adolf’s Square was to be

renovated, the fishermen moved to Rosenlund

Canal Feskekôrka opened on the new site in 1874

Gothenburg’s large commercial fish market moved

to the newly installed fishing harbor in 1910; but

Feskekôrka is still a mecca for the sale of various

fish and shellfish from shops and restaurants

29 Haga Church/Hagakyrkan

Haga Kyrkoplan www.svenskakyrkan.se/haga/kyrkext.htm Trolley: Hagakyrkan

Haga Church was built in 1859 in what was the laborers’ neighborhood, Haga In the beginning the church was called New Church, and its construction was inspired by English churches, which can be seen in the Presbyterian windows The sandstone that was used to construct the portals was also imported from Great Britain

The church is 46 meters long, 23.4 meters wide, and the tower is 49 meters high It is built on a cliff; and the sacristy was annexed on about 100 years after the initial church building, that is in 1956-1957

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Skansen Kronan is a massive fortified tower

constructed at the end of the 17th century as part

of Gothenburg’s defense, not least against the

Danes to the west Skansen Crown was built to

replace Ryssåsens Skanse (i.e entrenchment), and

was taken into use in 1698 A year later, the first

crown was placed on the top of the roof

The walls around Skansen Crown are 4-5 meters

thick and of course of stone; there were 23

cannons in position

At the start of the 1730’s the entrenchments were

renovated, with 150 years until the next repair The

present crown was placed on the top at the end of

the 1800’s

The place was built as a fortress; but never played

an active military role At the start of the 19th

century it was disarmed Later in the same century,

the tower was refurbished as a prison and later as

temporary residence during a period of housing

shortage In 1904-2004, Skansen Crown was a

military museum

Today the fortification is more festive than at its

start Weddings are often held in its banquet

rooms

As Skansen Crown was built on a hilltop, Skans

Mountain (Skansberget), there’s a fantastic view

over the entire city and down to the Göta River from here

31 Oscar Fredrik’s Church

Oscar Fredriks Kyrkogata www.svenskakyrkan.se/oscarfredrik Trolley: Prinsgatan

Oscar Fredrik’s Church is an impressive brick building in newer Nordic Gothic style It was consecrated in 1893, originally with seating for around 1,700 church goers in what is considered

by many to be the city’s most beautiful church

The slim church tower with its high spire measures

75 meters, and is thus one of Gothenburg’s highest buildings The interior is bright and elegant

in its style

32 Museum of Natural History

Slottsskogen www.gnm.se Trolley: Linnéplatsen

Gothenburg’s Museum of Natural History was found in 1833; and in 1923 moved to its present location Originally the collections were displayed

in the East India House on Norra Hamngatan, but

at the start of the 20th century, there was so little space for the exhibits that a new building was needed

The museum’s displays are primarily of Swedish fauna; but animals from other parts of the world are also present Topics such as ecology,

environmental problems, mankind’s affect on nature, life in the sea, etc are also presented, all together in an interesting and informative manner

The museum also has a good collection of stuffed animals, including an African elephant and the museum’s famous blue whale, the so-called Malm Whale

Tour 4: Gothenburg

The Malm whale stranded in Askimviken, south of

Gothenburg, in 1865 It was a young male, 16

meters long and weighing 25 tons Director James

Dickson bought it and donated it to the museum

August Wilhelm Malm was given the task of

preserving the whale He had it towed to a dock at

Gothenburg’s wharf The whale’s skin was

stretched across a wooden skeleton and a salon

was arranged inside the whale, the entrance of

which was through the whale’s mouth The whale

was an enormous attraction and was displayed in

Stockholm, Berlin and Hamburg

The museum’s African elephant is exquisitely

preserved It was shot in Angola in 1948 It was

approximately 45 years old and weighed 6 tons It

was 4.65 meters high and its trunk measured 2.4

meters

33 Slott Park/Slottsskogen

www.parkochnatur.goteborg.se Trolley: Linnéplatsen

Slott Park is with its 137 hectares Gothenburg’s largest park, a breath of fresh air quite close to the heart of the city The park is beautifully laid out among forest and cliffs, previously belonging to Älvsborg Castle, hence the name

The park has a very exciting mixture of trees and plants There are woods, lawns and many activities for children and adults Among other attractions is

an observatory that in the dark months of the year offer star gazing to the public

One of the park’s popular attractions is its zoo, with animals from Sweden and from more exotic regions There are birds, seals and a colony of Humboldt penguins There is also a children’s zoo with pigs, chickens and rabbits

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Impressive Masthugg Church is one of

Gothenburg’s best examples of the national

romantic style, primarily inspired by the Viking-

and Middle Ages The church was built in

1910-1914 by Sigfrid Ericsson

The church houses the largest organ in

Gothenburg The altar was installed in 1922

The church is a very characteristic landmark when

approaching Gothenburg from the sea; and today

the distinct church tower can be seen from far

away The plateau on the top of Stig Mountain

(Stigberget) where Masthugg Church lies is also a

good look-out point

35 Maritime Museum/Sjöfartsmuseet

Karl Johansgatan 1-3

www.sjofartsmuseum.goteborg.se

Trolley: Stigbergstorget

The Nautical Society, which collected maritime

material, was formed in Gothenburg in 1869; and

it was the society’s efforts that made such a

museum possible In 1913, the Maritime Museum

was founded; and after several additions to the collection, it was opened to the public in 1933

The museum relates Swedish maritime history from 1600 to the present, also Gothenburg’s maritime history as well as a fine collection of ship’s models Another part of the museum is the aquarium, displaying the underwater fauna from around the world There are fish and other sea animals from cold and warm seas, even beautiful coral reefs

The Seaman’s Tower (Sjömanstornet) at the museum

was raised in commemoration of the seamen lost during the First World War The 44-meter-high tower was completed in 1933 and is topped by a fem-meter-high bronze sculpture of The Woman

by the Sea On the foot of the tower are the names

of the 690 lost seamen and the ships on which they sailed

36 Old Älvsborg

Klippans Kulturreservat Trolley: Vagnhallen Majorna

Some of the cities that preceded Gothenburg as the major city in the region were burned to the ground and attacked many times before Gustav Vasa in 1547 moved the settlement inland towards the east and thereby farther away from the mouth

of Göta River and closer to the defense lines at Old Älvsborg

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28

The fortress was first mentioned in 1366, originally

as a group of wooden buildings that had been

burned down by who was to be the future King

Christian II in 1520 Gustav Vasa and his

successors rebuilt the site to a real fortress, and

this time in stone

In 1563, the Danes attacked and conquered Old

Älvsborg, during the Nordic Seven Years’ War

The Swedes burned a nearby village and evacuated

its inhabitants to New Lödöse farther up the Göta

River

In 1571 Old Älvsborg was regained by Sweden,

who then reinforced the defense lines But the

Danes re-took the fortress in 1612; and the region

remained under Danish rule until 1619

Soon after, the Swedes relinquished Old Älvsborg

and instead built New Älvsborg Despite thorough

renovation in 1656-1658, the old fortress was

demolished 15 years later

Today only a few ruins remain of Old Älvsborg

37 Älvsborg Bridge

Across the harbor access way to Gothenburg

stretches the majestic Älvsborg Bridge The bridge

is 933 meters long, where the 418 meters form a

free span between the 107-meter-high pylons Free

sailing access is at a height of 45 meters

Älvsborg Bridge was opened in 1966; construction

begun 3 years earlier Its inauguration was

officiated by Sweden’s future Prime Minister Olof

Palme, who at the time was Minister of

Communication

38 Volvo Museum

Arendal Skans

www.volvo.com/museum

Trolley: Eketrägatan, härifrån buss

Volvo is one of the world famous icons in Swedish industry, security and technology Most famous are the private automobiles and trucks; but Volvo’s production has also included buses, tractors and airplane motors

At the Volvo Museum many of the well-known models are on display, from the factory’s inception

in 1927 and up to the luxurious models of today Also displayed are concept cars as well as prototypes that never went into production

Among the popular models are P1800 and 244

Besides cars, other examples of Volvo’s production through time can be seen

39 New Älvsborg

Ö i Älvsborgsfjorden/båttur från Lilla Bommen

www.alvsborgsfastning.se Sporvagn: Lilla Bommen

The fortress New Älvsborg was established from

1653 on Cemetery Hill (Kyrkogårdsholmen) in the

Älvsborg Fjord, which is at the entrance to the Göta River New Älvsborg was built on top of the entrenchment that the Danish King Christian IV ordered built and which was to replace Old Älvsborg that had ultimately lost its military value

New Älvsborg was attacked by the Danish navy in

1719 under the leadership of Tordenskjold, who had just conquered Marstrand’s fortress New Älvsborg withstood the attack, resulting in its blockade and finally a peace treaty in 1720

From this time, New Älvsborg’s defensive role was played out and the fortress fell into disrepair until the 19th century, when it was converted into