Đọc tiếng anh 6 EN40

How long has the expression “once in a blue moon been around? Chọn một câu trả lời a For around 50 years b For more than 100 years c For 200 years d For less than 100 years The word “hue in paragrap....................................................................

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How long has the expression “once in a blue moon" been around? Chọn một câu trả lời:

a For around 50 years

b For more than 100 years

c For 200 years

d For less than 100 years

The word “hue" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to

a a full moon that is blue in color

b a full moon that is not blue in color

c a new moon that is blue in color

d a new moon that is not blue in color

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Choose the most suitable headings for the paragraph.

An intellectual breakthrough, brilliant though it may be, does not automatically ensure that the transition is made from theory to practice Despite the fact that rockets had been used sporadically for several hundred years, they remained a relatively minor artefact of

civilisation until the twentieth century Prodigious efforts, accelerated during two world wars, were required before the technology of primitive rocketry could be translated into the reality

of sophisticated astronauts It is strange that the rocket was generally ignored by writers of fiction to transport their heroes to mysterious realms beyond the Earth, even though it had been commonly used in fireworks displays in China since the thirteenth century The

reason is that nobody associated the reaction principle with the idea of travelling through space to a neighbouring world.

Chọn một câu trả lời:

a Writers’ theories of the reaction principle

b How the reaction principle

c The first use of steam

d The impact of the reaction principle

Choose the most suitable headings for the paragraph.

The concept of the rocket, or rather the mechanism behind the idea of propelling an object into the air, has been around for well over two thousand years However, it wasn’t until the discovery of the reaction principle, which was the key to space travel and so represents one of the great milestones in the history of scientific thought, that rocket technology was able to develop Not only did it solve a problem that had intrigued man for ages, but, more importantly, it literally opened the door to exploration of the universe.

a The first use of steam

b Writers’ theories of the reaction principle

c How the reaction principle

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d The impact of the reaction principle

How many blue moons would there most likely be in a century? Chọn một câu trả lời:

a several times a year

b during the month of February

c after large volcanic eruptions

d when it occurred late in the month

Which of the following might be the date of a “blue moon"? Chọn một câu trả lời:

a December 31

b January 1

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a brightened the color of

b created a need for

c elevated the level of

d spurred the creation of

A “hybrid" in paragraph 2 is

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a are more deadly than African bees

b always attack African bees

c are less aggressive than African bees

d never attack animals

Why were African bees considered beneficial? Chọn một câu trả lời:

a They spent their time traveling.

b They were very aggressive.

c They hid from inclement weather.

d They produced an unusual type of honey.

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The word “inflated” in paragraph 1 could best be replaced by Chọn một câu trả lời:

a the chemical nature of killer bee attacks

b ways of producing honey

c the creation of the killer bee

d stories in the media about killer bees

The main idea of this passage is that killer bees

a have been moving unexpectedly rapidly through the Americas

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b have been in the news a lot recently

c are not as aggressive as their reputation suggests

d are a hybrid rather than a pure breed

It can be inferred from the passage that the killer bee

a was a predecessor of the African bee

b traveled from Brazil to Africa in 1955

c was carried from Africa to Brazil in 1955

d did not exist early in the twentieth century

According to the passage, which of the following is true of the male broad-tailed hummingbird?

a It protects the nest while the female searches for food.

b It shares nesting duties equally with the female.

c It is not involved in caring for the chicks.

d It finds food for the female and the chicks.

The pronoun "They" in paragraph 3 refers to

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a humans and animals

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Photographs may help to support an argument about a holiday problem Chọn một câu trả lời:

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a Hot.org

b Cash.com.uk

c Expeed.org.uk

d Cutprice.com

Read the text and choose the most suitable heading.

The introduction to the essay should explain to the reader how you are going to tackle the question and provide an outline of what will follow Then move on to the main body of the essay Refer to your notes and develop two or three logical arguments Begin each

paragraph with a topic sentence, which clearly states the subject to be discussed, and then use the remainder of the paragraph to fill out this opening sentence A good essay should finish rather than simply stop That is to say, the conclusion should provide a statement of your final position, summing up the arguments that your opinions are based upon.

a Learning from the essay

b Writing the essay

c Making the support material relevant

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It is important to keep the essay relevant and to provide some examples, quotations, illustrations, diagrams or maps wherever appropriate However, it is equally important to avoid the temptation to pad your essay with unwanted information: this wastes your time and undermines the relevant parts of the essay In coursework and assessment essays not written under examination conditions, do not forget to acknowledge your sources in a bibliography.

a Allocating your personal resources

b Open-ended essays

c Learning from the essay

d Making the support material relevant

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Essays, whether written as part of a secondary school programme or further education course, are designed to test your thinking, writing and study skills Creative essays offer you the freedom to demonstrate your abilities to communicate effectively Analytical

essays, on the other hand, will require you to show that you have researched the topic and drawn on the work of others to come to your conclusion.

a Gathering source material

b Types of essay and their purpose

c The importance of focusing on the task

d Open-ended essays

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On the night of 21 October 1931, millions of Americans took part in a coast-to-coast

ceremony to commemorate the passing of a great man

homes and offices from New York to California The ceremony (20)

[marked] the death of arguably the most important inventor of (21) [all]time:

Thomas Alva Edison.

Few inventors have (22) [had] such an impact on everyday life, and many of his

inventions played a crucial (23) [role] in the development of modern

technology One should never (24) [underestimate]how revolutionary

some of Edison’s inventions were.

In many ways, Edison is the perfect example of an inventor - that is, not just someone

who (25) [dreams] up clever gadgets, but someone whose products

transform the lives of millions He possessed the key characteristics that an inventor needs

to (26) [make] a success of inventions, notably sheer determination.

Edison famously tried thousands of materials while working on a new type of

battery, reacting to failure by cheerfully (27) [announcing]to his

colleagues: ‘Well, (28) [at least] we know 8,000 things that don’t work.’

Knowing when to take no (29) [notice] of experts is also important Edison’s

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proposal for electric lighting circuitry was (30) [received] with total disbelief

by eminent scientists, until he lit up whole streets with his lights.

Use a variety of relevant background texts, refer to your lecture notes and heed any advice given by your lecturer When you collect material, always ask yourself what questions need

to be answered and then take good notes in your own words Begin notes on each source

on a new page and do not forget to record details of the author, title of the book and date of publication Remember that copying words from another writer's work without

acknowledging the source constitutes the serious crime of plagiarism.

a Open-ended essays

c Gathering source material

d The importance of focusing on the task

You can only hire a car in certain locations.

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Once you have collected your source material you should then sketch out a plan Begin by writing three or four sentences, which provide a summary of the essay You can amend or add to the plan as you proceed and it provides a useful scaffold for your essay It also ensures that you cover all the main themes and that your essay focuses on the question Ideally you should plan to examine the question from all sides, presenting various views before reaching a conclusion based on the evidence.

a Writing a framework

b Open-ended essays

c Gathering source material

d The importance of focusing on the task

However interesting and well prepared your essay may be, if it does not address the question, you will not receive a good mark It is therefore essential that you examine the question and understand what is required A list of key words which may appear in an essay question is provided in Appendix 4 Be sure you know what is being asked for and then consider what information is relevant and what is not.

a Gathering source material

c The importance of focusing on the task

d Open-ended essays

You will get cheaper car hire if you have used the company before.

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a Cash.com.uk

b Cutprice.com

c Expeed.org.uk

d Hot.org

Essays, whether written as part of a secondary school programme or further

education course, are designed to test your thinking, writing and study skills

Creative essays offer you the freedom to demonstrate your abilities to communicate effectively Analytical essays, on the other hand, will require you to show that you have researched the topic and drawn on the work of others to come to your

conclusion.

a Open-ended essays

b The importance of focusing on the task

c Types of essay and their purpose

d Gathering source material

LTTN 1

Read the text and choose the best answer.

There is a common expression in English language referring to a blue moon When people say that

something happens "only once in blue moon,” they mean that it happens only very rarely, once in a great while This expression has been around for at least a century and a half; there are references to this

expression that date from the second half of the nineteenth century.

The expression " a blue moon" has come to refer to the second full moon occurring in any given calendar month A second full moon is not called a blue moon because it is particularly blue or is any different in hue from the first full moon of the month Instead, it is called a blue moon because it is so rare- The moon needs

a little more than 29 days to complete the cycle from full moon to full moon Because every month except

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have a full moon unless there is a full moon at the very end of January and another full moon at the very beginning of March) It is or the occasion when a given calendar month has a second full moon that a blue moon occurs This does not happen very often, only three or four times in a decade.

The blue moons of today are called blue moons because of their rarity and not because of their colon however, the expression “blue moon” may have come into existence in reference to unusual circumstances

in which the moon actually appeared blue Certain natural phenomena of gigantic proportions can actually change the appearance of the moon from Earth The eruption of the Krakatao volcano in 1883 left dust particles in the atmosphere, which clouded the sun and gave the moon a bluish tint This particular

occurrence of the blue moon may have given rise to the expression that we use today Another example occurred more than a century later When Mount Pinatubo erupted in the Philippines in 1991, the moon again took on a blue tint.

This passage is about => an idiomatic expression

How long has the expression "once in a blue moon" been around? => For more than 100 years

A blue moon could be best described as => a full moon that is not blue in color.

The word "hue" in line 9 is closest in meaning to => color

Which of the following might be the date of a "blue moon"? => December 31

How many blue moons would there likely be in a century? => 35

According to the passage, the moon actually looked blue => after large volcanic eruptions The expression "given rise to" in line 25 could best be replaced by => spurred the creation of When in the passage does the author describe the author describe the duration of a lunar cycle? => Line 8

Choose the most suitable headings for the paragraph.

The concept of the rocket, or rather the mechanism behind the idea of propelling an object into the air, has been around for well over two thousand years However, it wasn’t until the discovery of the reaction principle, which was the key to space travel and so represents one of the great milestones in the history

of scientific thought, that rocket technology was able to develop Not only did it solve a problem that had intrigued man for ages, but, more importantly, it literally opened the door to exploration of the universe.

c The impact of the reaction principle Câu trả lời đúng

LTTN 2

Read the text and choose the best answer.

These stories of killer bees in the news in recent years have attracted a lot of attention as bees have made their way from South America to North America Killer bees are reputed to be extremely aggressive in nature, although experts say that their aggression may have been somewhatinflated.

The killer bee is a hybrid—or combination- of the very mild European strain of honeybee and the

considerably more aggressive African bee, which was created when African strain was imported into Brazil in

1955 The African bees were brought into Brazil because their aggression was considered an advantage: they were far more productive than their European counterparts in that they spent a higher percentage of their time working and continued working longer in inclement weather than did the European bees.

These killer bees have been known to attack humans and animals, and some fatalities have occurred Experts point out, however, that the mixed breed known as the killer bee is actually not at all as aggressive

as the pure African bee They also point out that the attacks have a chemical cause A killer bee stings only when it has been disturbed; it is not aggressive by nature However, after a disturbed bee stings and flies

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away, it leaves its stinger embedded in the victim In the vicera attached to the embedded stinger is the chemical isoamyl acetate, which has an odor that attracts other bees As other bees approach the victim of the original sting, the victim tends to panic, thus disturbing other bees and causing them to sting The new sting create more of the chemical isoamyl acetate, which attracts more bees and increases the panic level of the victim Killer bees tend to travel in largeclusteror swarms and thus respond in large numbers to the production of isoamyl acetate.

A “hybrid" in paragraph 2 is => a mixture

The main idea of this passage is that killer bees => are not as aggressive as their reputation suggests

It can be inferred from the passage that the killer bee => did not exist early in the twentieth century

The word “inflated” in paragraph 1 could best be replaced by => exaggerated

It is stated in the passage that killer bees => are less aggressive than African bees

Why were African bees considered beneficial? => They were very aggressive

The subject of the preceding paragraph was most likely => stories in the media about killer bees

What is NOT mentioned in the passage as a contributing factor in an attack by killer bees? => Inclement weather

The pronoun "They" in paragraph 3 refers to => experts

LTTN 3

Read the text and choose the best answer.

There is a common expression in English language referring to a blue moon When people say that

something happens "only once in blue moon,” they mean that it happens only very rarely, once in a great while This expression has been around for at least a century and a half; there are references to this

expression that date from the second half of the nineteenth century.

The expression " a blue moon" has come to refer to the second full moon occurring in any given calendar month A second full moon is not called a blue moon because it is particularly blue or is any different in hue from the first full moon of the month Instead, it is called a blue moon because it is so rare- The moon needs

a little more than 29 days to complete the cycle from full moon to full moon Because every month except Febmary has more than 29 days, every month will have at least one full moon (except February, which will have a full moon unless there is a full moon at the very end of January and another full moon at the very beginning of March) It is or the occasion when a given calendar month has a second full moon that a blue moon occurs This does not happen very often, only three or four times in a decade.

The blue moons of today are called blue moons because of their rarity and not because of their color

however, the expression “blue moon” may have come into existence in reference to unusual circumstances in which the moon actually appeared blue Certain natural phenomena of gigantic proportions can actually change the appearance of the moon from Earth The eruption of the Krakatao volcano in 1883 left dust particles in the atmosphere, which clouded the sun and gave the moon a bluish tint This particular

occurrence of the blue moon may have given rise to the expression that we use today Another example occurred more than a century later When Mount Pinatubo erupted in the Philippines in 1991, the moon again took on a blue tint.

This passage is about => an idiomatic expression

How long has the expression “once in a blue moon” been around? => For more than 100 years

A blue moon could best be described as => a full moon that is not blue in color

The word “hue" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to => color

Trang 20

Which of the following might be the date of a “blue moon”? => December 31

How many blue moons would there most likely be in a century? => 35

According to the passage, the moon actually looked blue => after large volcanic eruptions

The expression "given rise to” in paragraph 3 could best be replaced by => spurred the creation of

Where in the passage does the author describe the duration of a lunar cycle? => Line 8

Choose the most suitable headings for the paragraph.

An intellectual breakthrough, brilliant though it may be, does not automatically ensure that the transition is made from theory to practice Despite the fact that rockets had been used sporadically for several hundred years, they remained a relatively minor artefact of civilisation until the twentieth century Prodigious efforts, accelerated during two world wars, were required before the technology of primitive rocketry could be translated into the reality of sophisticated astronauts It is strange that the rocket was generally ignored by writers of fiction to transport their heroes to mysterious realms beyond the Earth, even though it had been commonly used in fireworks displays in China since the thirteenth century The reason is that nobody associated the reaction principle with the idea of travelling through space to a neighbouring world => How the reaction principle

LTTN 4

Read the text and decide that the statement is TRUE, FALSE or NOT GIVEN

When you think about it, it's amazing that anyone gets away with a carefree holiday It seems there is limitless potential for things to go wrong, from flight delays and lost luggage to poor accommodation.

A recent questionnaire showed that a third of people who replied had a complaint about their holiday last year And when these unhappy holidaymakers discussed the problem with their tour company nearly half said it involved time and effort on their part to resolve things.

When asked exactly what the reasons were for their dissatisfaction top of the list was flight delays and 20 per cent of holiday-makers to Europe said they had to wait up to an hour.

More worrying is the fact that almost a third of holiday-makers who had complained said it was about the apartment or hotel room they had been allocated There is an enormous variety of holiday accommodation and we recommend that consumers look for places that have been inspected by the Tourist Boards; this way they can have the confidence that they will get the type of accommodation they are looking for It seems that tour companies now offer more honest accurate brochures though Eight-five per cent of holiday- makers who responded to our questionnaire said the description offered by the company matched the place they visited and the facilities provided.

This is good news for the industry and for holiday-makers A holiday is a major purchase - yet it's one we can't try before we pay All we have to go on is the brochure and it's a credit to tour operators that they now contain more detail.

OUR ADVICE

DO be realistic No one should be palmed off with a poor standard of service, food or accommodation even if you paid a rock- bottom price for a last- minute break However, be reasonable - you won't get a room with the best view in town if you've paid a budget price.

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DO complain to the right person Moaning to the waiter about a week's worth of appalling food, then writing an indignant letter when you get back home won't have the same impact as airing your grievances

A low-cost holiday should still offer some high-quality services => True

Overall, holiday accommodation poses few problems => False

If you are not good at writing letters, find someone to help you => Not given

Assistance is provided with some holiday routes => Cash.com.uk

It is possible to see what the cars look like => Hot.org

Hotel staff can advise you on who you should complain to => NOT GIVEN

Solving problems can be hard work for the holiday-maker => TRUE

The most common problem for holiday-makers is crowded airports => FALSE

Tour companies provide a satisfactory level of information to holiday-makers => TRUE

The site is suited to people with up-to-date hardware => Cheapandcheerful.net.uk

You can only hire a car in certain locations => Expeed.org.uk

Attempts made by the writer to book a car were unsuccessful => Hot.org

Photographs may help to support an argument about a holiday problem => TRUE

You will get cheaper car hire if you have used the company before => Cutprice.com

Read the text and choose the most suitable heading.

Once you have collected your source material you should then sketch out a plan Begin by writing three or four sentences, which provide a summary of the essay You can amend or add to the plan as you proceed and it provides a useful scaffold for your essay It also ensures that you cover all the main themes and that your essay focuses on the question Ideally you should plan to examine the question from all sides,

presenting various views before reaching a conclusion based on the evidence => Writing a framework Câu trả lời đúng

Use a variety of relevant background texts, refer to your lecture notes and heed any advice given by your lecturer When you collect material, always ask yourself what questions need to be answered and then take good notes in your own words Begin notes on each source on a new page and do not forget to record details of the author, title of the book and date of publication Remember that copying words from another writer's work without acknowledging the source constitutes the serious crime of plagiarism => Gathering source material

However interesting and well prepared your essay may be, if it does not address the question, you will not receive a good mark It is therefore essential that you examine the question and understand what is

required A list of key words which may appear in an essay question is provided in Appendix 4 Be sure you

Trang 22

know what is being asked for and then consider what information is relevant and what is not => The

importance of focusing on the task Câu trả lời đúng

Essays, whether written as part of a secondary school programme or further education course, are designed

to test your thinking, writing and study skills Creative essays offer you the freedom to demonstrate your abilities to communicate effectively Analytical essays, on the other hand, will require you to show that you have researched the topic and drawn on the work of others to come to your conclusion => Types of essay and their purpose

The introduction to the essay should explain to the reader how you are going to tackle the question and provide an outline of what will follow Then move on to the main body of the essay Refer to your notes and develop two or three logical arguments Begin each paragraph with a topic sentence, which clearly states the subject to be discussed, and then use the remainder of the paragraph to fill out this opening sentence A good essay should finish rather than simply stop That is to say, the conclusion should provide a statement of your final position, summing up the arguments that your opinions are based upon => Writing the essay Câu trả lời đúng

It is important to keep the essay relevant and to provide some examples, quotations, illustrations, diagrams

or maps wherever appropriate However, it is equally important to avoid the temptation to pad your essay with unwanted information: this wastes your time and undermines the relevant parts of the essay In coursework and assessment essays not written under examination conditions, do not forget to acknowledge your sources in a bibliography => Making the support material relevant Câu trả lời đúng

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Unit1: Crime and punishment

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The sons are composers and prize-winning musicians, while Dad makes

Whole families of musicians are not exactly rare However, it is unusual to come across one that includes not only writers and performers of music, but also an instrument maker When South Wales schoolteachers John and Hetty Watkins needed to get their ten-year-old son, Paul, a cello to suit his blossoming talents, they baulked at the costs involved ‘We had a look at various dealers and it was obvious it was going to be very expensive,’ John says ‘So I wondered if I could actually make one I discovered that the Welsh School of Instrument Making was not far from where I lived, and I went along for evening classes once a week for about three years.’

‘After probably three or four goes with violins and violas, he had a crack at his first cello,’ Paul, now 28, adds ‘It turned out really well.

He made me another one a bit later, when he’d got the hang of it And that’s the one I used right up until a few months ago.’ John has since retired as a teacher to work as a full-time craftsman, and makes up to

a dozen violins a year – selling one to the esteemed American player

Both Paul and his younger brother, Huw, were encouraged to play music from an early age The piano came first: ‘As soon as I was big enough to climb up and bang the keys, that’s what I did,’ Paul remembers But it wasn’t long before the cello beckoned ‘My folks were really quite keen for me to take up the violin, because Dad, who played the viola, used to play chamber music with his mates and they needed another violin to make up a string trio I learned it for about six weeks but didn’t take to it But I really took to the character who played the cello in Dad’s group I thought he was a very cool guy when

I was six or seven So he said he’d give me some lessons, and that really started it all off Later, they suggested that my brother play the violin too, but he would have none of it.’

‘My parents were both supportive and relaxed,’ Huw says ‘I don’t think I would have responded very well to being pushed And, rather than feeling threatened by Paul’s success, I found that I had something to aspire to.’ Now 22, he is beginning to make his own mark

Meanwhile, John Watkins’ cello has done his elder son proud With it, Paul won the string final of the BBC Young Musician of the Year competition Then, at the remarkably youthful age of 20, he was appointed principal cellist of the BBC Symphony Orchestra, a position

he held, still playing his father’s instrument, until last year Now, however, he has acquired a Francesco Rugeri cello, on loan from the Royal Academy of Music ‘Dad’s not said anything about me moving

on, though recently he had the chance to run a bow across the strings

of each in turn and had to admit that my new one is quite nice! I think

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the only thing Dad’s doesn’t have – and may acquire after about 50–

100 years – is the power to project right to the back of large concert halls It will get richer with age, like my Rugeri, which is already 304

Soon he will be seen on television playing the Rugeri as the soloist in Elgar’s Cello Concerto, which forms the heart of the second programme in the new series, Masterworks ‘The well-known performance history doesn’t affect the way I play the work,’ he says.

‘I’m always going to do it my way.’ But Paul won’t be able to watch himself on television – the same night he is playing at the Cheltenham Festival Nor will Huw, whose String Quartet is receiving its London premiere at the Wigmore Hall the same evening John and Hetty will have to be diplomatic – and energetic – if they are to keep track of all their sons’ musical activities over the coming weeks.

What is meant by ‘crack’ in the second paragraph?

b plan

c shock

d period

What does Paul say about his performance of Elgar’s Cello Concerto?

a It is typical of his approach to everything he plays Câu trả lời đúng

b It is less traditional than other performances he has given.

c He considers it to be one of his best performances.

d Some viewers are likely to have a low opinion of it.

What will require some effort from John and Hetty Watkins?

a Preventing their sons from taking on too much work.

b Advising their sons on what they should do next.

c Reminding their sons what they have arranged to do.

d Being aware of everything their sons are involved in Câu trả lời đúng

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What does Paul say about the Rugeri cello?

a The cello his father made may become as good as it.Câu trả lời đúng

b He was not keen to tell his father that he was using it.

c His father’s reaction to it worried him.

d It has qualities that he had not expected.

What does the word “they” in the fourth paragraph refer to?

a Paul and Huw.

b Dad and Dad’s mates Câu trả lời đúng

d Some lessons

What do we learn in the third paragraph about the instruments John has made?

a He is particularly pleased about what happened to one of them Câu trả lời đúng

b His violins have turned out to be better than his cellos.

c It took him longer to learn how to make cellos than violins.

d He considers the one used by Jaime Laredo to be the best.

What do we learn about Huw’s musical development?

a His brother’s achievements gave him an aim Câu trả lời đúng

b His parents’ attitude has played little part in it

d He wanted it to be different from his brother’s

What is meant by ‘diplomatic’ in the last paragraph?

a tactful Câu trả lời đúng

b excellent

c capable

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d confident

Paul first became interested in playing the cello because .

a he admired someone his father played music with Câu trả lời đúng

b he did not want to do what his parents wanted

c he wanted to play in his father’s group

d he was not very good at playing the piano

Why did John Watkins decide to make a cello?

a He felt that dealers were giving him false information.

b He wanted to avoid having to pay for one Câu trả lời đúng

c He was keen to do a course at the nearby school.

d He wanted to encourage his son Paul to take up the instrument.

Why did John Watkins decide to make a cello?

a He wanted to avoid having to pay for one Câu trả lời đúng

b He wanted to encourage his son Paul to take up the instrument.

c He felt that dealers were giving him false information.

d He was keen to do a course at the nearby school.

What is meant by ‘crack’ in the second paragraph?

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Unit 2: Shopping

By the time a child is six or seven she has all the essential avoidances well enough by heart to be trusted with the care of a younger child And she also develops a number of simple techniques She learns to weave firm square balls from palm leaves, to make pinwheels of palm leaves or frangipani blossoms, to climb a coconut tree by walking up the trunk on flexible little feet, to break open a coconut with one firm well-directed blow of a knife as long as she is tall, to play a number of group games and sing the songs which go with them, to tidy the house

by picking up the litter on the stony floor, to bring water from the sea,

to spread out the copra to dry and to help gather it in when rain threatens, to go to a neighboring house and bring back a lighted faggot for the chief’s pipe or the cook-house fire But in the case of the little girls all these tasks are merely supplementary to the main business of baby-tending Very small boys also have some care of the younger children, but at eight or nine years

of age they are usually relieved of it Whatever rough edges have not been smoothed off by this responsibility for younger children are worn

For little boys are admitted to interesting and important activities only

so long as their behavior is circumspect and helpful Where small girls are brusquely pushed aside, small boys will be patiently tolerated and they become adept at making themselves useful The four or five little boys who all wish to assist at the important, business of helping a grown youth lasso reef eels, organize themselves into a highly efficient working team; one boy holds the bait, another holds an extra lasso, others poke eagerly about in holes in the reef looking for prey, while still another tucks the captured eels into his lavalava The small girls, burdened with heavy babies or the care of little staggerers who are too small to adventure on the reef, discouraged by the hostility of the small boys and the scorn of the older ones, have little opportunity for learning the more adventurous forms of work and play So while the little boys first undergo the chastening effects of baby-tending and then have many opportunities to learn effective cooperation under the supervision of older boys, the girls’ education is less comprehensive They have a high standard of individual responsibility, but the community provides them with no lessons in

This is particularly apparent in the activities of young people: the boys organize quickly; the girls waste hours in bickering, innocent of any technique for quick and efficient cooperation

It can be inferred that the ‘high standard of individual responsibility’ is

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a developed mainly through child-care duties Câu trả lời đúng

b taught to the girl before she is entrusted with babies

c only present in girls

d weakened as the girl grows older.

Which of the following if true would weaken the author’s contention

I Group games played by younger girls involve cooperation

II Girls can learn from watching boys cooperating III Individual girls cooperate with their mothers in looking after babies

a Both description and interpretation of observations Câu trả lời đúng

b Description of evidence to support a theory.

c Generalization from a particular viewpoint.

d Presentation of facts without comment.

It can be inferred that in the community under discussion all of the following are important except…

c well-defined social structure

d fishing skills

Who do the girls or boys work in tean better, according to the passage?

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c girls

d Both girls and boys does not work well.

The expression ‘innocent of’ (in the last paragraph) is best taken to mean

a unskilled in Câu trả lời đúng

b uninvolved in

c unsuited for

d not guilty of

The word ‘brusquely’ (line 9) most nearly means

a abruptly Câu trả lời đúng

d They did not show anything.

The primary purpose of the passage with reference to the society under discussion is to…

a criticize the deficiencies in the education of girls

b explain some differences in the upbringing of girls and boys Câu trả lời đúng

c show that young girls are trained to be useful to adults

d give a comprehensive account of a day in the life of an average young girl

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The list of techniques in paragraph one could best be described as…

a useful social skills Câu trả lời đúng

b household duties

c rudimentary physical skills

d important responsibilities

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Unit 3: Language

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I chose a small house on the edge of the city It was an ideal place for

me, because I wanted fresh mountain air, space, privacy, a place where one could feel the presence of ancient gods and the spirits of nature The house was merely an empty shell, but I chose it because it was on the sunny side of the valley, high enough to have a good view over the town, with sufficient breeze to diminish the occasionally stupefying heat It took me a good year to make the place inhabitable The first thing that I did was to dig out the well at the side of the house, which had caved in on itself and was full of mud and rocks I was helped in this by a Frenchman named Antoine, a man of considerable culture who had chosen to live here because he was attached to the people, with whom he had arrived in the original immigration We repaired the walls and the roof of the house, and painted the rooms completely white so that they became suddenly

Antoine and I managed, at some danger to ourselves, to install electricity by connecting up a cable to the faltering system invented

by a teacher This man was Professor Luis, who had set up a row of windmills to generate power; this was perfectly adequate for lighting, but was somewhat feeble when high amperage was required, so that the electric cooker that I had flown in by helicopter turned out to be

It often happens when setting up a house that one finds quite suddenly that there is an urgent need for some item overlooked during the last expedition The track down from my house was a deeply pitted one that served as a watercourse each time that it rained, and although I have stabilised it since, it was to begin with only negotiable

on foot or by mule, or by Antoine’s ancient three-wheeled tractor This tractor had been half-buried in the mud of the flood at Chiriguana, but Senor Vivo’s father, who is in fact General Sosa, governor of Cesar, had

it dog out and brought in slung under a vast helicopter gunship, at his son’s request It is commonly said in this country that General Sosa is the only member of the military hierarchy who ever does anything useful.

There was, at the far end of the town, a tienda that sold goods brought in by mule-train from Ipasueno, and so every few days I would find myself rattling and bumping my way to it on Antoine’s formidable old tractor This shop was owned by a middle-aged couple who left the running of it to their daughter, a girl of twenty or so years whose name was Ena, as I discovered by overhearing the father asking of her

Ena was small and strongly built; usually she wore a plain, faded blue dress, and her feet were always bare Sometimes I used to think that her head was very slightly too large for her, but she had an appealing

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forcibly of a Greek girl with whom I had once been in love, for she had the same smooth and soft olive skin, and big brown eyes beneath eyebrows almost heavy enough to meet in the middle On her forearms were the traces of soft black downy hair, which to be frank,

is something that has always driven me crazy, and her fingers were

The best thing about her, however, was her elfin spirit; she had an air

of quiet amusement, an innocent devilry, that gave her the aura of having existed from all eternity, and of being able to see tbe funny side of everything I perceived that she had a streak of mischief in her,

as was to be revealed when I discovered how it was that she had kept

me for so long in ignorance

According to the writer, Antoine

a had recently arrived.

b liked to keep to himself.

d was a foreigner Câu trả lời đúng

What attracted the writer to the house?

a the condition it was in

b where it was located

Câu trả lời đúng

c how big it was

d the view it gave of the valley

What criticism of Ena does the writer make? Chọn một câu trả lời:

a Her head seemed to be too big Câu trả lời đúng

b She never wore shoes.

c Her eyebrows were too thick.

d She wasn’t interested in clothes.

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How did the writer find out what Ena’s name was?

a He heard a customer asking for her.

c Her father told him when he asked (sai)

d Someone mentioned her name.

The writer uses the phrase ‘served as a watercourse’ (Paragraph 4) to show

that the path

a had many deep holes.

b needed to be repaired.

c was difficult to walk on

d was sometimes flooded Câu trả lời đúng

Which of the conclusions can be drawn from this passage?

a The place where the writer lives isolates him from nature Câu trả lời không đúng

b The writer would like to move to another place

c The writer is not interested in the people around him.

d The writer feels happy with the people he has met Câu trả lời đúng

What attitude does the writer have towards Ena?

a The writer has a positive attitude towards her.

Câu trả lời không đúng

b The writer has an aggressive attitude towards her.

c The writer has a negative attitude towards her.

d The writer has a hostile attitude towards her.

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What impression does the writer give of the electricity supply? Chọn một câu trả lời:

a It only worked when it was windy.

b It was too dangerous to use.

c It didn’t always work properly.

d It was a very reliable system (sai)

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Unit 4: Health

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The restaurant owner John Moore writes about his relationship with

I believe everyone’s given a chance in life My son, Gary, was given his chance with cooking, and my chance was to run a restaurant When l heard about the opportunity, I rushed over to look at the place It was

in a really bad state It was perfect for what I had in mind Coming into this business made me recall my childhood l can remember my mother going out to work in a factory and me being so upset because l was left alone With that in mind, I thought, ‘We want time for family life.’ My wife dedicated herself to looking after the children and did all my accounts, while I ran the business We lived over the restaurant in those days, and we always put a lot of emphasis

on having meals together It’s paid dividends with our children, Gary and Joe They’re both very confident Also, from a very early age they would come down and talk to our regular customers It’s given both of

Gary was quite a lively child when he was really small We had a corner bath, and when he was about seven he thought he’d jump into

it like a swimming pool, and he knocked himself out When he was older he had to work for pocket money He started off doing odd jobs and by the age of about ten he was in the kitchen every weekend, so

he always had loads of money at school He had discipline He used to

be up even before me in the morning If you run a family business, it’s for the family, and it was nice to see him helping out Gary wasn’t very academic, but he shone so much in the kitchen By the age of 15 he was as good as any of the men working there, and sometimes he was even left in charge He would produce over a hundred meals, and from then I knew he’d go into catering because he had that flair So when he came to me and said, ‘Dad, I’ve got to do work experience as part of my course at school,’ I sent him to a friend

Gary recently took up playing the drums and now he has his own band Goodness knows what will happen to the cooking if the music takes off My advice to Gary would be: if you start chasing two hares, you end up catching neither, so chase the hare you know you’re going to catch He understood when I said to him: ‘Gary, if you’re going to get anywhere in life, you’ve got to do it by the age of 30 If you haven’t

Gary went to catering college at the age of 17, and on his first day he and the other new students – they’re normally complete beginners – were given what’s supposed to be a morning’s work But within an hour Gary had chopped all his vegetables, sliced all his meats He’d prepared everything That’s my son for you! In the end, he was

None of us can believe how successful Gary’s TV cookery series has

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become I’m extremely proud of him I’ve always tried to tell him that

if you want something, you’ve got to work jolly hard for it, because no one gives you anything He’s seen the opportunity he’s been given and grabbed hold of it with both hands You know, you talk to your children as they grow up, and if they only take in ten per cent of what you’ve told them, you’ve got to be happy with that The things Gary says, the things he does, I think, well, he must have listened sometimes

“…chase the hare you know you’re going to catch.” in Paragraph 5 means

a do what you think you can do successfully Câu trả lời đúng

b do everything you want.

c do many things at one time.

d do one thing at a time

What does “done it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?

a Dachieved success Câu trả lời đúng

d lived your life

How did the writer’s childhood influence his own family life?

a He made sure there was plenty of personal contact Câu trả lời đúng

b He realised that the pattern was repeating itself.

c He encouraged his children to talk to him.

d He asked his wife to stay at home.

According to his father, what was typical about Gary’s behavior on his first day at college?

a He impressed those in charge.

b He helped other people.

c He performed the task efficiently Câu trả lời đúng

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d He tried to make his father proud.

As a young boy, Gary…

b was always in trouble.

c was motivated by money.

d showed how determined he could be Câu trả lời đúng

How does his father regard Gary’s upbringing?

b The family influence on Gary was too strong.

c Gary has learnt some essential things Câu trả lời đúng

d Gary has forgotten important lessons.

How did the writer react to his own big chance?

b He thought the family would suffer.

c He wondered if he should take it.

d He saw what could be done Câu trả lời đúng

What is Gary’s father’s attitude to Gary playing in a band?

a interested in how he can introduce music into the restaurant.

b doubtful whether he will have time to improve his technique.

c concerned that music may interfere with his career Câu trả lời đúng

d pleased that he has a hobby he enjoys.

What does the writer mean by ‘paid dividends’ in paragraph 2?

a brought financial reward

b allowed money to be saved

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