Travel to Prague ppt

The Old Town and the New Town on one side of the river, and the Mala Strana and Prague Castle on the other side, all offer various experiences from the periods in which they were built;

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Travelling to Prague

www.prague-info.cz

www.czechtourism.com

Prague is one of Central Europe's most enchanting

cities The Vlatava River winds through the many

districts, that each hold unique architectural gems,

impressive squares, lush oases and everything else

you could hope for in a big city

Paying a visit to Prague is paying a visit to one of

Europe's oldest cultural cities In the streets of the

old districts, you can see fascinating buildings and

historical sights, where emperors and kings have left

their mark on the city

The Old Town and the New Town on one side of

the river, and the Mala Strana and Prague Castle on

the other side, all offer various experiences from the

periods in which they were built; but you will also

come across modern rows of shopping streets,

colourful attractions and experimental modern

architecture, which are exciting contrasts to the

Gothic and Baroque architectural influences, that are

very visible in Prague

Many historical sights outside the city are in close

proximity to it A trip through the environs of

Prague will allow the opportunity to get a

perspective on the visit You can experience

everything from the castles of the countryside nobles

overlooking the wealthy provincial towns, to the

fashionable accommodations that dominate in the

spa city Karlovy Vary

Happy travelling!

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Historical outline

The Czech history of Prague started with the

immigration around the year 500 Prague Castle was

founded during the 800s, and was the first actual

urban formation Prague was fast becoming a part of

the Great Moravian Empire

In 921 Prince Wenceslas, who is a national saint of

Czechoslovakia, came to power During the 930s he

introduced the Christian faith in Prague, and where

the cathedral is situated today, he founded a church

Prague quickly became an active city of commerce

Its rulers invited many German merchants to Prague,

and they formed an increasing part of the city's

population, which had an impact on its culture as

well as on the language This was also the beginning

of Prague's large Jewish colony

Prague's population grew, and during the 1300s, it

was one of Europe's biggest cities with a population

of 35,000 In the years of Charles IV, who reigned as

a German-Roman emperor from 1346 to 1378, the

city blossomed

Charles IV expanded the city to Nove Miesto,

founded the Charles Bridge and the city university,

and begun the construction of St Vitus Cathedral

and Teyn Church, among other things Thus, he

founded, in many ways, past tense modern Prague,

which we continue to see examples of many places

in the city

In the beginning of the 1400s, it came to a

showdown with the Catholic Church The preacher

Jan Hus of the Bethlehem Chapel led the showdown,

which resembled the Reformation years later

inspired by Martin Luther's theses Jan Hus was

convicted as a heretic and burned at the stake in

1415 Four years later disgruntled citizens stormed

the city's new town hall and literally threw some

Catholic officials out of the window This was the

beginning of Prague's early reformation

In the coming centuries, the battle between various Protestant groups and the Catholic Church

continued, but in 1526 the Catholic House of Hapsburg ascended the throne, which put a damper

on the sporadic battles

With the Hapsburgs and the close connection to Austria-Hungary, Prague experienced a major resurgence, especially during Rudolf II in the period 1576-1611

Prague became Rudolf II's home town, and he declared it a European sanctuary for scientists One

of the entrants was Danish astronomer Tycho Brahe

Rudolf II was also very liberal in regards to culture and architecture Many Italian artists put their mark

on the city through the many Renaissance buildings

Throughout the period, there were continued rebellious tendencies, and in 1618 the citizens once again threw officials out of a window The riot finally ended in 1620 at the battle of the White Mountain A third of the country's population had been killed in the battles or had emigrated, and Prague consequently came under Austrian control for the next 300 years

A new Austrian upper class arrived in Prague They built many new Baroque palaces, and during much

of the time under Austrian control there was widespread development, notably during the rule of Maria Theresia from 1740 to 1780

Prague and Bohemia were industrialized during the 1800s The area had in a few decades become very modern, and along with it the Czech mindset

National pro-democratic movements emerged all over Europe and also in Prague, where there was a small rebellion in 1849 In 1861 the Czech

candidates beat the German ones at the city council elections

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In the same period, the Czech language was used in

an increasing number of contexts, and artistically

many Czechs, such as the two composers Dvoőák

and Smetana, thrived

The national thoughts and ideas culminated with the

1st World War defeat to Austria-Hungary and

Germany In 1918 Czechoslovakia was a republic

with Prague as its capital

Life in the country and in the capital was very active

and positive during the two world wars Especially

cultural life was developed and supported by the

new state

During the 2nd World War, Prague was occupied

By parliamentary elections after the war, the Communist Party became the largest, and in 1948 a one party regime was introduced during Klement Gottwald In 1968 there was unrest, and

subsequently military troops were deployed in the Czechoslovakian capital It happened in connection with the government's introduction of political reforms

Until the restoration of democracy in 1989, Prague was reinforced with many modern and densely populated suburbs At the same time, the beautiful old urban centre was maintained In 2004 the Czech Republic became a member of the EU

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Prague Trip 1

1 Staromďstské námďstí

Metro: Staroměstska

The Staroměstské Náměstí Square is the so called

centre and Town Hall Square of the Old Town, and

directly translated the name means Old Town Square

You can see a number of beautiful and interesting

buildings here, and in the centre of the square, you

will find the Jan Hus Monument from 1915 Jan Hus

was a Czech reformer, who was burned at the stake

as a heretic in 1415

1a Town Hall/Staromestská radnice

The Town Hall of the Old Town was originally constructed in the first building in 1338, and since then a number of beautiful houses in Gothic and Renaissance style have spread out

The Town Hall Tower, which is the most striking part of the edifice, is from 1364, and from the top balcony there is a beautiful view of the city

The Town Hall's famous astronomical clock, which you can see on the façade of the building, was built

in 1490 It serves as both a clock and a calendar, and it attracts numerous tourists every day, who at the beginning of every hour can see the procession

of the twelve apostles above the clock

1b St Nikolai Church/Kostel Svatého Mikulase The beautiful white Nikolai Church, was built in 1733-1737 in a Baroque style The façade is decorated by Antonin Braun

2 Teyn Church/Kostel Matky Boží pĢed Týnem

Celetná 5 http://tynska.farnost.cz/

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The Teyn Church is one of Prague's most famous

buildings, and the most striking outline in the Old

Town Construction of the church took place from

the 1300s until 1511, when the southern tower was

completed The Church’s exterior is in Gothic style,

while the interior was rebuilt in a Baroque style after

a fire in 1679

The famous Danish astronomer Tycho Brahe was

buried in the Teyn Church Tycho Brahe worked in

Prague for Emperor Rudolf II, and was buried here

in 1601

Inside, you can also see an altarpiece in Baroque

style, made by Karel Škréta in the mid 1600s The

church organ is from 1673, and one of the best

examples of European organs of that century

3 Tyn Yard/Týnský Dvur

Between the streets Týnská, Štupartská og Malá

Štupartská

The Tyn Yard is a beautiful oasis in the middle of

Prague It is believed to have been built around the

year 1000, and used by foreign merchants Today,

the backyard has various buildings, that represent

almost every style found in the streets of Prague

4 National Gallery/Národní galerie

Anezská 12 www.ngprague.cz Metro: Staroměstska

The Czech National Gallery is housed in different locations in Prague, such as the former St Agnes of Bohemia Monastery, Kláster sv Anezky Ceské Arts and crafts are exhibited there, primarily Bohemian and Central European from the 1200-1500s

5 Letná Park/Letenské Sady

Ulice nábő Edvarda Beneše Metro: Staroměstska

From 1955 to 1962, the Letná Park on the northern bank of the river was the setting of Prague's 50-meter (164 feet) high marble statue of Joseph Stalin, the former Soviet state leader Almost 30 years after the monument was taken down in 1991, the current metronome was put there

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The park is a nice green area, and from a ridge inside

the park, there is a great view of the river and the

Old Town

6 Josefov

Josefov

Josefov is the name of the old Jewish district in

Prague Not many of the old buildings are left today,

but the preserved synagogues and the cemetery give

an impression of the district's culture

7 Old New Synagogue/Staronová

synagoga

Cervená 2

www.synagogue.cz

The Old New Synagogue was built in the mid-1200s,

in an early Gothic style Its distinctive name comes

from the fact that the building, at the time it was

built, was the city's new synagogue During the

1500s, more synagogues were built, and suddenly

“the New Synagogue” became “the Old New

Synagogue” The synagogue is still in use today

8 Pinkas Synagogue/Pinkasova synagoga

Siroka 3 www.jewishmuseum.cz Metro: Staroměstska

The Pinkas Synagogue is another of the synagogues

of the area It was founded in 1535, and is famous for being a memorial to the Jews, who were killed

in Bohemia and Moravia Its walls have been inscribed with 80,000 names of dead victims

9 Old Jewish Cemetery/Starý židovský hĢbitov

Siroka 3 www.jewishmuseum.cz Metro: Staroměstska

Prague's Old Jewish Cemetery was established during the 1400s, and the first tombstone is from

1439 The last burial was carried out in 1787, and there are 12,000 tombstones on the relatively small cemetery More than 12,000 people were buried here through the centuries, but they were put to rest

in several layers

10 Museum of Applied Arts/UmďleckoprĪmyslové muzeum

Listopadu 17 2 www.upm.cz Metro: Staroměstska

The Museum of Applied Arts in the Czechoslovakian capital was founded in 1885, but the current building was completed in 1901 in a neo-Renaissance style

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The museum has one of the world's finest glass collections, not least of the local Bohemian crystal, which the country is so famous for Porcelain, furniture and clocks are also exhibited there

11 Rudolfinum

Alšovo nábőezí 12 www.ceskafilharmonie.cz www.galerierudolfinum.cz Metro: Staroměstska

The Rudolfinum is the home-stage of the Czech Philharmonic Orchestra It was built during the period of 1876-1884, and was named after Rudolf, the Crown Prince of the Hapsburg Monarchy

The Rudolfinum contains many concert halls, of which the impressive Dvoőák Hall, is a great example of Prague's building style during the 1800s

A gallery is located inside the Rudolfinum (Galerie Rudolfinum), which focuses on contemporary art

by exhibiting new collections regularly

The museum used to play a major part in Czechoslovakia’s political history by being the seat

of the country's parliament from 1918 until 1939

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The former monastery complex, the Clementinum,

was founded as a Dominican monastery It was

given to the Jesuits upon their arrival in Prague in

1556

It became one of the city's leading universities, and

during the 1700s the complex was expanded When

the Jesuits dissolved in 1773, it was transformed into

the Clementinum University Library – predecessor

to today's National Library

13 House of the Lords of Kunštát/DĪm pánu z Kunštátu

Betlémské námesti 5a Metro: Staroměstska

This Gothic mansion was built during the 1400s In the basement you can find three well preserved Roman rooms from around the year 1200

Georg Poděbrady, who later became king, is among the people who have lived in this mansion The two Lords Poděbrady and Kunštát also used to live in the mansion, where there is now an exhibition of archaeological finds

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Prague Trip 2

14 Museum of the Capital City of

Prague/Muzeum hlavního mďsta Prahy

Na Poőíÿí 52

www.muzeumprahy.cz

Metro: Florenc

At the Museum of Prague, you can get an overview

of the city's history, especially the pre-1600s history

is richly represented In the large collection there is

an interesting model of Old Prague

15 Central Station/Hlavní Nádraží

Wilsonowa 8

Metro: Hlavní Nádraží

Prague's central station, Hlavní Nádraží, is a

beautiful Art Nouveau building from 1901-1909,

that because of its ornaments, glass mosaics and

large halls, is a fine example of the prestigious

railway constructions of the past

The first central station was inaugurated in 1871

with the name, Franz Josef I Central Station, nádraží

Františka Josefa I After the Czech independence, it

was renamed as Wilsonowa Central Station,

Wilsonovo nádraží It was given its current name in

1953

16 Jubilee Synagogue/Jubilejní

synagoga

Jeruzalémská 1310/7

Metro: Hlavní Nádraží

The Jubilee Synagogue is Prague's newest and

biggest synagogue It is abundantly decorated, and

one of the most colourful buildings in the city

17 Jindrisska Tower/Jindrisská vez

Jindrisská www.jindrisskavez.cz Metro: Muzeum

Jindrisska Tower, was built in 1472-1476 as a detached bell tower after an Italian model The style was late Gothic, but after a fire in 1745 it was partially rebuilt in a Baroque style It was reconstructed in the 1870s, and the style was once again Gothic The tower is 66 metres (216 feet) high, and has public access

18 Prague State Opera/Státní opera

Wilsonowa 4 www.opera.cz Metro: Muzeum

The State Opera building of Czechoslovakia, was opened in the year 1900 as the New German Theatre German was the spoken language here, as opposed to the city's Czech National Theatre In

1945, the theatre became the National Opera House

The style is neoclassicism, and on the façade you can see a Greek inspired frieze above the entrance

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The museum's collection includes millions of pieces,

so there is much to look at for curious visitors There are large exhibitions in anthropology, archaeology, botany, entomology, mineralogy, mycology, palaeontology, zoology, among other things, so you can choose a specific department or just enjoy the very beautiful building

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The beautiful Wenceslas Square, Václavské náměstí,

which today has many fine buildings from the

decades around the year 1900, was established in the

Middle Ages as the city's horse market After having

been reorganized, the square is now like a

magnificent boulevard, 60 metres (196 feet) wide

and 750 metres (2460 feet) long

In the middle of the square, in front of the National

Museum, there is a statue of the mounted St

Wenceslas, after whom the park was named

Among the many houses that can be seen there is

also Hotel Europe (nr 29), which was built in an Art

Nouveau style in 1906 The hotel has largely been

kept as it originally was, on the inside as well as on

the outside

21 Museum of Communism/Muzeum Komunismu

Na Pőíkopě 10 www.muzeumkomunismu.cz Metro: Mţstek

At the Museum of Communism, you can learn about the Czechoslovakian regime in 1948-1989, and about the dreams and realities from various parts of the country Among the effects are photos, films and arrangements of furniture from the past

If you are interested in the history and governance

of this period, a visit to this museum would be very interesting

22 Ovocný trh

Ovocný trh Metro: Mţstek

The cozy square, Ovocný trh is Prague's former fruit market Over time, several stately buildings have been built here, not least the Estate Theatre

22a Estate Theatre/Stavovské divadlo

Ovocný trh www.narodni-divadlo.cz

The Estate Theatre, Stavovské divadlo, is an elegant theatre building in Prague’s old district It was built during the period 1781-1783, and was the national theatre, but in 1798 the Bohemian Estate Assembly bought it

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In 1859, the theatre was expanded by one floor, and

three years later German plays were staged here,

which resulted in a change of name to the Royal

German City Theatre (Königlich Deutsches

Stadttheater) In 1920, Czech plays were once again

staged in the theatre

The Estate Theatre was renovated during the 1980s,

and today it is used by the National Theatre's Ballet

and Acting Troupe

22b Carolinum

Ovocný trh

www.cuni.cz

Carolinum is Prague's and Central Europe's oldest

university It has been located here since the 1400s

The beautiful Baroque building originated from a

reconstruction of the university in 1718, and the

great hall in the main building, which is used for

special occasions, is particularly interesting

22c Museum of Czech cubism/Muzeum

ceského kubismu

Ovocný trh 19

www.ngprague.cz

In this museum Czech cubism within the fields of

architecture and art is displayed The museum

building was built during the 1900s, and it is one of

the best examples of cubic architecture The building

is called the Black Madonna House, Dom U Cerné

Matky Bozí

23 Powder Tower/Prašná brána

Na Pőíkopě Metro: Námestí Republiky

The Powder Tower was built as an addition to a royal palace from 1475 The gate of the tower, was used as one of the 13 entrances to the old district The 65 meter (213 feet) high tower got its name, when it was used for gun powder storage during the 1600s

24 Obecní dĪm

Námesti Republiky 5 www.obecnidum.cz Metro: Námesti Republiky

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Among Prague's many Art Nouveau buildings, the

Municipal House (Obecní dţm) is the most

remarkable The house was built in 1905-1911 as a

community centre and exhibition room It is located

where the residence of the Bohemian kings used to

be during the 1300-1400s

Obecní dţm was made a cultural landmark, because

this is where the country’s independence was

declared in 1918

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Prague Trip 3

25 Bethlehem Chapel/Betlémská

Kaple

Betlémské náměstí 255/4

Metro: Národní tőída

The Bethlehem Chapel was originally built during

1391-1394 It is notable because Czech reformer, Jan

Hus, used to give sermons here from 1402 to 1412

Hus was convicted as a heretic and burned at the

stake in 1415

The chapel was torn down in 1786, and the current

building is a reconstruction from 1950- 1952

26 National Theatre/Národní Divadlo

Národní 2 www.nationaltheatre.cz Metro: Národní tőída

The Czech National Theatre was built for the first time in 1868-1881, but because it burned down right around the inauguration, it had to be rebuilt immediately after It reopened in 1883

The interior of the theatre is lavishly decorated by the best contemporary artists in the country Notable features are Ženíšek's ceiling painting in the lobby, the Grand Hall and its stage curtain

Linked to the old building is the new stage, Laterna Magika

27 TanĀící dĪm

Rašínovo nábőeží 80 Metro: Karlovo náměstí

Tanÿící dţm means „the Dancing House“, and if you stand in front of it, you will be able to see why

It was built in 1994-1996 as the Fred & Ginger House, in honour of Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers

The house is an office building, located where the previous building was destroyed by bombardment

in 1945

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The restaurant U Flekţ, is famous for having brewed

and served beer since 1499 The dark beer of this

place is only sold here, which makes it one of the

city's historic sights within the gastronomic field

The name U Flekţ means „At Fleck's“, in honour

one of its previous owners, Mr Fleck

29 Town Hall of the New City/Novomestská radnice

Karlovo námestí www.novomestskaradnice.cz

At the beautifully laid out Charles Square, Karlovo námestí, stands the Town Hall of the New Town During the period of 1377-1784, the local authorities were housed in this Gothic building complex, which also has several fine halls and a chapel

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St Ignatius Church is situated opposite Charles

Square (Karlovo námestí) It is the earliest example

of a Baroque style church on the east bank of the

Vltava River It was built in 1665-1670 by the Jesuits,

who clearly got their inspiration from the Church of

the Gesú in Rome Inside the church, there is a

statue of St Ignatius, which was put there in 1671

31 Faust House/FaustĪv dĪm

Karlovo náměstí 40

Metro: Karlovo náměstí

The Faust House is a house surrounded by stories

and mystery Dr Faust is known for black magic and

his pact with the devil, and although he had nothing

to do with the house, some of its historic and

eccentric residents have made people associate to

him and thereby link the house to his name

During the 1300s, Prince Václav of Opava, experimented with alchemy Several alchemists moved in later on, and some of their experiments ended in explosions, that went through the roof and scared people who lived in the area The most eccentric character was probably Karl Jänig, who lived in the house during the 1800s He decorated his home as a big funeral setting, where gallows were a part of the interior decoration Jänig himself slept in wooden coffins

There is unfortunately no public entry to Faust House

32 Antonin DvoĢák Museum/Muzeum Antonína DvoĢáka

Ke Karlovu 20 www.nm.cz Metro: I P Pavlova

The world renowned composer Antonin Dvoőák, was born in Czechoslovakia in 1841 He has composed nine symphonies, whereof the most famous is his ninth, named, The New World (Novosvětská) Dvoőák composed this symphony during his trip to the USA in 1892-1895

In the Dvoőák Museum, you can get to know more about the composer, his life and his work

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Crusaders' Square, is located at the eastern bridge

tower of the Charles Bridge, and because it is located

at the river, this square has a great atmosphere

In the middle of the square, you can see a statue of

Charles IV Furthermore there are two churches and

the eastern bridge tower of the Charles Bridge,

which was built during the late 1300s, with an

obvious architectural inspiration of Prague's old

district

The dome church St Fraciskus/Kostel Svatého

Františka z Assisi, located to the north, used to be a

part of the Convent of the Maltese Knights

In the square you can also find the Kőižov

Gallery/Galerie u Kőižovníkţ, where the art

collection of the crusaders is displayed

34 Smetana Museum/Muzeum BedĢicha Smetany

Novotného lávka 1 www.nm.cz/english/mbs Metro: Staroměstska

Located at the Vltava River, is the museum of the famous Czech composer Bedőich Smetana, who among other things composed Má Vlast, which means My Mother Country

35 Charles Bridge/KarlĪv Most

Karlţv Most Metro: Staroměstska

Charles Bridge is one of the most popular attractions in Prague The bridge was built by Peter Parler, during the years of Charles IV in 1357 It is

520 meters (1706 feet) long and built in sandstone

The many statues on the bridge have been added since 1683, inspired by the bridge Ponte

Sant’Angelo, that crosses the Tiber in Rome The statues are mainly of saints The large crucifix in the middle of the bridge, was put there in 1629, and more statues arrived in the early 1700s One of the most admired statues is the one at the stairs leading down to Kampa Island It was made by Matthias Bernhard Braun when he was just 26 years old The statue is of St Luitgard

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At each end of the bridge, a Gothic bridge tower

was built as an integrated part of Prague's

architecture You can enter the towers, and enjoy a

beautiful view of the bridge

36 Church of St Mary Below the

Chain/Kostel Panny Marie pod

Ģetďzem

Lázełská

Metro: Malostranská

This church, with its somewhat peculiar name, is the

oldest in the Malá Strana district, and it was built

during the mid 1100s The two solid towers look like

a part of a fortress, which is exactly what they are

The church used to be a part of a fortified convent,

hence its name It is the Church of St Mary below

the chain that efficiently kept the gates of the

convent shut

37 Devil's Stream/ÿertovka

Langs þertovka

Metro: Malostranská

Devil's Stream is the picturesque stream that

truncates Kampa Island from the district Malá

Strana It was named after a woman in the

neighbourhood, who supposedly worshipped the

devil The stream was used to run the water mills of

the area, and today you can visit the Grand Master's

Mill

38 Kampa

Kampa Metro: Malostranská

Kampa is an island in the Vltava River, and on it there is a park, frequently visited by the locals The green area at the river, with its view of the districts

on the other side, is a great place for a hike

39 Maltese Square/Maltézské námestí

Maltézské námestí Metro: Malostranská

The Maltese Square is atmospheric and has various mansions that were rebuilt in a Baroque style by catholic noble families during the 1600-1700s The name of the square was taken from a Maltese knight convent, which used to be located here

40 Church of Our Lady Victorious/Kostel Panny Marie Vítďzné

Karmelitská 9 Metro: Malostranská

This church was built as a Carmelitan Church in

1613, which makes it Prague's first Baroque building It got its current name from the Hapsburgs’ victory over the Czech army at the battle of the White Mountain in 1620 The new church was named “Victorious” in honour of the event

Church of Our Lady Victorious is a Pilgrimage Church A number of miracles have been ascribed

to its wax doll, Prague's Baby Jesus

41 Malostranské námďstí

Malostranské náměstí Metro: Malostranská

Ever since the square Malostranské náměstí was built in 1257, it has been the centre of this district There are various buildings surrounding the square, like Church of St Nicolas and the town hall, built in Renaissance style The column in the square was erected on the occasion of the end of the plague epidemic in 1713

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41a St Nicolas Church/Kostel sv Mikuláše

www.psalterium.cz

St Nicolas Church is an extremely beautiful Baroque

building built between 1703-1752 by the

Dientzenhofer architects The dome is recorded to

be 74 metres (242 feet) high, and is one of the

landmarks of the district Next to it is the Bell Tower,

which was the last part of the building to be

completed

St Nicolas Church is lavishly decorated The statues,

frescoes and paintings on display here, have been

created by the leading artists of that time Some

examples are the fresco of the Guardian Angel of

Music, which hangs above the organ, and the Trinity

Dome, made by Franz Palko in 1752 The church's

beautiful pulpit is from 1765 In 1787, Mozart played

the church organ

42 Wallenstein Palace/Valdštejnský palác

Valdštejnské náměstí 4 www.senat.cz

Metro: Malostranská

This richly decorated palace was built in 1624-1630

by Commander-in-Chief of the Imperial Forces, Emperor Wallenstein, who bought the lot and 23 houses to make room for his palace and its garden The plan was to construct a luxurious building that would match the nearby Prague Castle

The castle has a magnificent main hall where there

is a painting of Wallenstein himself in the ceiling frescoes

Of the many gardens in the district, Wallenstein’s is the most popular with its pools, statues and lavish flower beds The garden was, like the palace, created during the 1600s

Today, the Wallenstein Palace is used by the Czech Senate

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THE BEST MASTER

IN THE NETHERLANDS

Tiêu đề	Travel to Prague
Tác giả	Stig Albeck, Ventus Publishing ApS
Trường học	Not specified
Chuyên ngành	Travel and Tourism
Thể loại	essay
Năm xuất bản	2009
Thành phố	Prague

Định dạng
Số trang	52
Dung lượng	5,73 MB