Sách luyện tập các chủ điểm ngữ pháp tiếng nhật
Trang 1
Kare ga kita toki, watashi wa shokuji Kare ga kuru made, watashi wa robii
When he came, | was having a meal | was waiting in the lobby until he came Kaigi ga owatta ato de, kanojo wa Watashi wa kare ga kuru mae ni, heya
kaisha o demashita o söji shita, BMD bo °f4'G, IXx(k@1:#1hš #\t‡iWÐ19K 2 H2 #4 #HứŒ Le,
After the meeting ended, she left the
company
Note: The topic or subject of a main clause may be put before the subordi- nate clause, as in the last example
1 Ima okita de mada nani tabete imasen,
PRES fe
I've just gotten up and haven't eaten anything yet
2 Hawai fune wa minato haitta desu,
224 EX RE Aok CT
The ship from Hawaii has just entered the port
3 Wada-san shokuji dekakeru _ desu
ATH S AL f1 Haws CT
I'm about to go out for dinner with Mr Wada
4 Ashita shukudai wasureru deshita
| almost forgot about tomorrow's homework,
Trang 2
£ Osaka tomodachi tegami kaite ita desu
| have been writing a letter to my friend in Osaka
6 Densha wa Nihon ichiban nagai hashi watatta desu
The train has just crossed the longest bridge in Japan
7 Kaigi owaru , kono heya matte ite kudasai
Bik KRG „ COMME GoTtTwT RS
Until the meeting is over, please wait in this room
8 Watashi buché kaeru , sono shigoto sumascta,
| had finished the work before the department head returned
g Shiken owatta ato de, gakusei sutajiamu sakka
mi itta
Mã bo RC AE ABRVP Ls ty a ua fiok
After the examination ended, the students went to the stadium to see the soccer
to Kare kyöshitsu haitta toki, sensei wa gakusei kanji
oshiete iru deshita
i BUR ÄA5k:If ##14*#2# wee _ #2 Cvvã
Y6U*›
When he entered the classroom, the teacher was in the midst of teaching kanji to the students
11 Watashi eki tsuita toki, densha ga homu deta datta
Bh mt BOT, TEBE DSR — Ly ite Kok
When | arrived at the station, a train had just left the platform
Trang 3
Veet kara
Shawa o abite kara nemasu., Daigaku o sotsugy6 shite kara, ginkö
>vwD— #Ì]§tŒCbĐ›b l ‡ ? ni tsutomemasu
After graduating from college, I'll be
| go to bed after taking a shower
Shukudai o sumasete kara, ciga o mini employed in the bank
ikimasho
(UBL WE EAE DD, WEI ICES EL ES Watashi-tachi ga kekkon shite kara
gonen ni naru
Let's go see a movie after we finish our
AEDT LT 6 TRC Be
homework
It's been five years since we got married
3
Y{(-masu) + nagara ˆ
BASMSMLELED
Let's talk as we walk
He went to college while working at Rajio o kikinagara benky6 shimasu night
FVAKUWN ALDH MRLETS,
Inu ga hoenagara hashitte imasu
| study while listening to the radio
The dog is barking while it runs
Trang 4
Noun (subject) + ga + verb + noun ˆ
Haha ga yoku kau mise wa asoko Kore wa watashi øa totta nöto desu
TERS mt eS Zz % 5
BE SMO Hie CTT These are the notes that | took
The store where my mother often
shops is over there Watashi ga Miki-san ni karita hon wa
omoshiroi desu
BAAS AICHE OD CARI CH The book that | borrowed from Mr
Miki is interesting
Hara-san ga tsukatte iru tsukue wa
sore desu
HS AD io TU SHULER TST
The desk that Miss Hara is using is that
one,
1 Hoteru asagohan tabete , kenbutsu dekakemashita
After having breakfast at the hotel, we went sightseeing
2 Kare ga kono ie katte kotoshi yonen narimasu
PLDC OR Wot “pay pu ay BYET,
It's been four years this year since he bought this house
3 Watashi wa kchii nomi kare nijikan hanashita
| talked with him as long as two hours over a cup of coffee
4 Gakusei wa nöto tori kogi kiite imasu
PAE 7 —k &Y eS He TET,
Students are listening to the lecture while taking notes
5 Tomu wa jisho mi Nihongo tegami kaite iru
Tom is writing a letter in Japanese while looking at a dictionary
Trang 5
6, lomodachi kita toki, hanbaga tabe terebi sumõ
mita,
When my friend came, we watched sumo on TV while eating hamburgers
7 Watashi-tachi wa shigoto sumasete , Hara-san yoku iku ba
nonda
#3#t‡{Ef FET » RSA +$fr$2‡— RATE
After finishing our work, we had drinks at the bar that Mr Hara frequented
8, Ani tsutomete iru kaisha wa ano biru nikai arimasu
ỳ
The company where my older brother is employed is on the second floor of that building,
9 Kin6 watashi atta hito wa chichi tomodachi Honda-san desu
We A RoMLR BiB AES ATCT
The person that | met yesterday is Mr Honda, my father’s friend
to Watashi wa Tanaka-san kaita repõto nando yomimashita
| read many times the report that Miss Tanaka wrote
ee a oe ) relative es one EB ” “
Noun (subject) +no + verb + noun <
Kare no kaku hon wa omoshiroi Oda-san no tsutta sakana wa ökikatta
The books that he writes are The fish that Mr Oda caught was big,
interesting
Watashi no shiranai hito ga õzei Are wa ani no oshiete iru gakkö imashita
desu FLOM S BVAD ABE Like
HAULWORA TSAR,
“here were many people whom | did That is the school where my older not know
brother is teaching
Trang 6| Sentence t+kara
Ashita shiken ga aru kara, konban
benkyö shimasu
IIIHñZAf#2ìb 4 *bV 3M ET
Because | have an examination tomor-
row, I'll study tonight
Biiru o nonda kara, nemui desu
Eve RAR DPA IRV Os
Because | drank beer, I'm sleepy
Ima isogashii kara, ato de kite kuda-
sai
SILOS, BCKTS RSV
I'm busy now, so please come later
I1”
Kono ka wa taisetsu da kara, yoku fukushũ shinasal
Because this chapter is important, please review it well
Byoki datta kara, gakk6 o yasunda
RAR DD FRE RATE o
Because | was ill, | was absent from school
Sentence+node
Shiai ga aru node, mainichi renshii
shite iru
RAMSSZOC HAMA L THOS
Because there's a tournament, we
practice every day
Tenki ga yokatta node, pikunikku ni
itta
%3(»IRj>ok:Ø 6V, 27=wZk
fiok
Because the weather was good, we
went on a picnic
Nichiydbi datta node, débutsuen wa konde ita
HWA Rot OC DYIRISIRA Tire
Because it was Sunday, the zoo was crowded
Toshokan was shizuka na node, yoku benkyö dekimasu
AID eOC + $ MURH2 š 7o
The library is quiet, so | can study well
Note: Da changes to na before node
as in the last example
Trang 7
A Put kara or node in the blanks,
Tanaka-san ga iku , watashi mo ikimasu
THT S AAMT < #đfià*?,
Because Miss Tanaka will go, I'll go, too
Buché wa ima isogashii , ato de denwa shite kudasai
MEISEL , RCHHLTR SLs,
The department head is busy now, so please call later
Shukudai ga aru , eiga o mi ni ikemasen
Because | have homework, | canỖt go to see the movie
.Doyỏbi na , depato wa konde imasu
EWE & , PRN PIRATES, Because it is Saturday, the department store is crowded
Kéki o moratta , issho ni tabemasho
z-*#đòbo*k vẤ ỞWW(ỂCứN&#LUƯkĐ
| got some cakes, so letỖs have them together
Yoku renshũ shita , piano ga j6zu ni narimashita
+ SH L*
Because | practiced hard, I've become better at the piano
Ashita wa nichiyébi da , uchi ni imasu
HY EDS EET 7 Ấ 3btẬcvsẬ3, Tomorrow is Sunday, so | stay home
Put appropriate particles in the blanks
Haha wa chichi tsutta sakana ryori shita
My mother cooked the fish that my father caught
Heya kabe Hirota-san totta shashin ga hatte aru
The photo that Mr Hirota took is on the wall of the room
Trang 83 Biru wa Nihon gonen iru , Nihongo jozu desu
etd AA AE WS Aa _ k#c%
Bill has been in Japan as many as five years, so he's good at Japanese
4 Hiköki deru jikan ga aru , o-cha nomimashö
RTT HS DSH S #8 MAELED
We have time before the plane leaves, so let's have tea or something
5 Kono jisho wa ii desu , takai kaemasen
LORAINE WY CT ¬.^ WARtA
This dictionary is good, but too expensive to buy
6 Chichi ga isha datta , watashi isha natta
Because my father was a doctor, | also became a doctor
: 'Noun/adj.ladjectival noun tng ee Yerb+no
Chairo no o kudasai Shi o kaku no wa Oda-san desu
Give me a brown one The one who writes poetry is Miss
Oda
Shiroi no o erabimashita
FIL+O #0 # Lực Kowareta no wa sutete kudasai
| chose a white one Chai Olsetset TRS,
Please throw away the broken ones
Kono naka de suki na no o torinasai
COV CHASROBWNO RSL,
Pick the one you like among these
Trang 9
V-u + no _ Sentence + no
Narau no wa oshieru no yori yasashii Tomu ga dansu suru no o mita
Bị 5 0tt#ðLÄ 6Ø k0 99 - }4j!#⁄ 3á Ð# No
Learning Is easier than teaching | saw Tom dance
Tsuri ni iku no wa yamemasho Hara-san ga yameru no o shiranakatta,
BOIS OIUPHELEG WSADBHDZOSMA RDO, Let's call off going fishing | didn't know that Mr Hara is quitting
eS ae o
Noun/adjectival noun + nara Adjective + (no) + nara
Watashi nara, sonna koto wa shinai Chikai (no) nara, arukimasu
WEE, FABLE, WV (D) BH, BRKT,
If | were you, | wouldn't do such a If it’s near, Fll walk
thing
Ashita nara, hima ga arimasu Verb + (ng) * nara
WT & Mb dO ET
If (it's) tomorrow, I'm free, Kare ga iku (no) nara, watashi_ mo
ikimasu
Sono hon ga hitsuy6 nara, kainasai MOT (DO) RA, MARES,
CORD DRG HB BOGS, If he'll go, I'll go, too
if you need that book, buy it
Trang 10
2 Shöuindõ aru o misete kudasai
Please show me the one that is in the show window
3 Akai to shiroi to, dochira _ shimasu ka,
Which are you taking, the red one or white one?
+ Buchõ hanashite iru wa Sumisu iu hito desu
MBS đã Cá _ WALA GACT
The person who is talking with the department head ts called Smith
5 Miki-sensei wa gakusei sukii iku ga suki desu
Prof Miki likes going skting with his students
6 Hara-san nyũin shita o ima shiranakatta
| didn't know until now that Mr Hara had been hospitalized
7 Koko kodomo ga inu asonde iru _ ga miemasu
From here | can see a child playing with a dog
8 Gogo _ , hima ga aru ,itsu_ kite kudasai
Fe ath} — kM2 3É€C FẵU»
if (it's) the afternoon, | am free, so come any time
9 Jisho wasureta › watashi _ © tsukainasai
if you forgot your dictionary, use mine
1o Tenpura _ tabetai , Wada-san ga ii mise shitte imasu
_ Kono naka ichiban yasui wa ano chairo desu
Lore HRY HORE _ CT
The cheapest one among these is that brown one,
If you want to eat tempura, Mr Wada knows good restaurants